DE102005002493A1 - Electrical door e.g. car door, lock for closure system, has locking unit arranged from blocking device by arranging in separated plane and/or in separated installation space, and roller transferring force between activating unit and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The lock has a blocking device (4) accommodated by an activating unit (5) for locking a door in cooperation with a locking unit (1) and for unlocking the door out of cooperation with the locking unit. The locking unit is arranged separately from the blocking device by arranging in a separated plane and/or in a separated installation space. A roller (6) transfers force between the activating unit and the blocking device.

Description

The The invention relates to an electric door lock on a door the preamble of claim 1 or 2.

Such Door locks are for use in a locking system for the Car doors, for the Tailgate, for the hood o. The like. Suitable in a motor vehicle.

From the DE 196 19 958 C2 is known an electric door lock for a car door. The door lock has a formed in the manner of a rotary latch, a recess for a door bolt exhibiting locking element, a trained in the manner of a pawl locking element and a movable electric motor as an electric actuator actuator. The blocking element can be brought by means of the actuating element for locking the door in cooperation with the locking element, whereby a locking of the locking element takes place, and for unlocking the door can be brought out of cooperation with the locking element, whereby a release of the locking element takes place.

in the In general, therefore, in such door locks a locking element, namely a so-called rotary latch used, which encloses the door bolt, and thus the door in a desired position locked. Mostly two positions, the so-called pre-rest and the fully closed door realized. The locking element or the catch is in this case of locked a locking element or a pawl.

The Blocking element must withstand great forces, the normally without crash by predominantly the force of the door seal arise. For unlocking the blocking element is out of interaction brought with the locking element. The necessary force is given from the friction coefficient of the sliding friction and the normal force, which acts between locking and locking element. The opening force on the outside and Inside door handle is proportional to this friction force. The friction coefficient is relatively high, since the installation space of the locking and locking element not at the famous door lock wet, for example, with the door open, protected can be and possible Corrosion as well as dirt and dust increase the coefficient of friction. The opening force also determines the power requirement for pneumatic or more recently predominantly electrical control elements by, for example, remote control or with the so-called opening aid be activated by a switch signal. This high power requirement has proven to be disadvantageous in the known door lock.

Of the Invention is based on the object to develop the door lock so, that the opening force is considerably reduced.

These Task is performed in a generic electric door lock the characterizing features of claim 1 or 2 solved.

Corresponding the first solution is the latching element in the door lock according to the invention from the remaining functional elements, and in particular from Locking element, arranged separately. This can be done, for example Arrangement in a separate plane and / or in a separate Installation space done. In other words, the reduction of the opening force achieved here by the fact that Locking element and the locking element realized in different levels and / or the former is in the protected drying room.

Corresponding the second solution takes place at the door lock according to the invention, the power transmission between the actuator and the blocking element via a means for reducing the force acting as an opening force actuating force. Conveniently, this agent may consist of at least one roller. With others Words, the reduction of the opening force here achieved by a additional actuator with a roller acting on the locking element.

Of course you can the door lock according to the invention also the Features both according to the first and according to the second solution exhibit. Further embodiments of the invention are the subject the dependent claims.

The Arrangement of the locking element and the locking element in two from each other separate levels allows a further reduction of the operating force. This is the size of the locking element and of the blocking element chosen such that one lever-type translation to the actuator given is.

at The electric actuator may be an electric motor, a Lifting magnets o. The like. Act. Due to the small opening force The actuator can be dimensioned with correspondingly low power so that one small and inexpensive electric door lock realized is. The actuator can be easily formed in the manner of a pawl be.

An increase in comfort for the user can be achieved by virtue of a scarf tersignals the actuator for moving the actuating element is activated such that an automatic door opening takes place. The switch signal can be triggered, for example, when removing the ignition key from the ignition.

to Cost and weight savings, the actuator as a lightweight Be formed molding, wherein integrated into the molded part a spring can be. In order to nevertheless achieve a robust component, it offers on, in the blocking element a, in particular floating, Bearing plate for power transmission from the actuator song to arrange on the blocking element. Likewise, in the actuator a plate of hard material for transmitting power from the actuator the actuator be used.

A again further reduction of the opening force can be achieve that the Roller by means of a trunnion and optionally a bearing bush in the actuator is stored. To reduce the deflection due to the acting forces the journal can be supported by means of a web in the actuator. Furthermore, can be on both sides of the actuator two roles Arrange.

Around good protection against harmful influences, Especially in harsh operating conditions in the motor vehicle, to ensure are according to another Design the functional elements arranged in a closed housing. Preferably, the separate level and / or the separate Installation space for the functional elements of the installation space for the locking element by means of a Seal, for example in the form of a sealing lip, sealed. For ease of manufacture, the seal on the housing in the Type of a two-component part attached.

It lends itself to, in the housing a printed circuit board for receiving the switching elements for the control the electric motor, the lifting magnet o. The like. And optionally to arrange a bus interface. With the circuit board is an am casing located plug in electrical connection to power and To transmit control signals. The housing let yourself close in the area of the circuit board with a lid. to To achieve a good seal, the lid can be glued to the housing, welded o. The like. Be.

The achieved with the invention advantages exist in addition to the already mentioned advantages in particular in that a compact door lock with low Weight is realized. The door lock needed to Operation only a low power. In addition, the door lock is extremely robust. This door lock according to the invention is advantageously to be used in the automotive sector.

embodiments The invention with various developments and refinements shown in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it

1 an electric door lock with the door closed in a schematic diagram,

2 the door lock as in 1 but with the door lock in the pre-detent position,

3 the door lock as in 1 , but with the door open,

4 the closer structural design of a region containing the locking and actuating element of the door lock in a longitudinal section,

5 an enlarged detail shown in cross-section 4 in the area of the bearing plate,

6 the door lock according to 4 in a cross section,

7 the door lock when the door is locked in conjunction with elements of the door,

8th the door lock according to 7 in unlocked condition, whereby the door can be opened,

9 the door lock according to 7 in locked condition,

10 the door lock with a door stopper as display element,

11 an embodiment of the door lock with automatic door opening,

12 a training of the door lock for KeylessEntry access authorization,

13 an education of the door lock with Zuziehhilfe,

14 the emergency opening of the door lock by means of the electric key according to a first embodiment with reference to a schematic diagram,

15 the emergency opening as in 14 according to a second embodiment and

16 the emergency opening as in 14 ent speaking a third embodiment.

In 1 is an electric door lock 100 shown for the car door in a motor vehicle according to its basic construction. The door lock 100 has a dashed line, designed in the manner of a catch latching element 1 which is built in a separate room. The door bolt 2 the car door, which is also called a hook, lies in a recess of the locking element 1 on this. The following 2 and 3 show different positions of the locking element 1 , which will be described later.

The force F _{T of} the door acts on this door bolt 2 on the locking element 1 , This force or the torque generated by this force are transmitted via a shaft 3 transferred to a second level or a protected installation space on a specially shaped locking element 4 , At the upper end of the barrier element 4 is an actuator 5 with a roll 6 arranged. This role 6 is with a journal 7 with the actuating element 5 connected. On the roll 6 or the journal 7 acts the door force F _T, which can be reduced in the ratio r ₀ / r ₁ .

By the division of locking element 1 and blocking element 4 In two levels, this ratio can be made more favorable than is possible in the prior art, in which both elements lie in one plane and the spatial extent is limited by the given installation space. The effective opening force F _R , however, becomes crucial due to the role 6 reduced and results with F R = R 2 / R 1 × F T ' × μ or with the ratio r ₀ / r ₁ F R = R 2 / R 1 × μ × r 0 / r 1 × F T where μ denotes the coefficient of friction. By a small μ in a not shown plain bearing between the journals 7 and the role 6 and the additional gear ratios R ₂ / R ₁ and r ₀ / r ₁ , the opening force can be reduced to less than 10% of the previous value.

The actuator 5 can by one with a lifting magnet 18 (please refer 7 ) connected pawl 8th or a small electric drive motor 9 be moved, which causes a Entarretierung. Due to the small opening forces, an automatic door opening can be released particularly easily by a switch signal, for example after removal of the ignition key. In the 1 drawn position corresponds to the closed door.

2 corresponds to the so-called pre-catch of the door. By appropriate shaping on the circumference of the blocking element 4 is this possible. The door bolt 2 is from the locking element 1 in the movement to the right in the direction of the open door.

3 shows the door bolt 2 as he is no longer in the recess of the locking element 1 is located. If you move further to the right, the door opens accordingly. In a movement to the left entrainment of the locking element takes place 1 and the blocking element 4 in the locking positions Vorraste according to 2 as well as closed door according to 1 , This slides the role 6 of the actuating element 5 on the blocking element 4 , 3 further shows the position corresponding to the unlatched actuator 5 , wherein dashed the latched actuator 5 you can see. Here is the latching of a in 3 marked spring 10 causes. In the dashed rest position is the actuator 5 on a stroke 11 on.

4 shows a section of the structural design of the door lock 100 in the area of the blocking element 4 and the actuating element 5 , Is drawn dashed, because lying in another plane as well as in another installation space, the locking element 1 , Connected are the locking element 1 and the blocking element 4 over a wave 3 having at both ends shaped profiles in the manner of a flat and / or hexagon in order to transmit the torque. The actuator 5 is drawn in the locked position, in which the in the journal 7 stored roll 6 tangential to locking on a bearing plate 13 of the blocking element 4 acts. This bearing plate 13 is floating, so the role 6 over the entire length rests, so that the high forces can be transmitted. This bearing plate 13 supports, as in 5 is shown on the back on the blocking element 4 from. In the width, in the lower part, this bearing plate 13 slightly elastic designed so that a pin-like shape in the manner of a holder in the bore 14 can engage.

In 4 is still the return spring 10 for the actuator 5 as well as the bearing shaft 3a for the actuator 5 to see. The actuator 5 gets over the pawl 8th actuated. So that the actuator 5 inexpensive as well as a lightweight molded part with integrated spring 10 can be formed, is a plate for power transmission 12 made of hard material. With the exception of the catch 1 are all functional elements in a closed housing 15 accommodated.

6 shows a section through the shaft 3 at the right end with the locking element 1 and on left end with the blocking element 4 is positively connected. In the right part is the door bolt 2 drawn in the latching element 1 protrudes into it. This installation space can contain moisture and dirt and is over the sealing lip 15a that with the case 15 connected to the remaining elements. This sealing lip 15a includes the wave 3 , This sealing lip 15a may be a separate part or in the manner of a two-component material as a molded part with the housing 15 be made.

In the upper part of the picture 6 is the actuator 5 with roles 6 , Bushing 6a and journal 7 to see. So that the journal 7 in the high forces is not stressed too much in the bend, this is in the middle by a bridge 5a of the actuating element 5 supported. On both sides can have two roles 6 be used.

Inside the case 15 can be a circuit board 16 are used, which the switching elements and possibly also the bus interface with control of the controls, for example for the solenoid 18 (please refer 7 ). Outward is the circuit board 16 connected to a plug. The housing 15 can with a lid 15b be completed, which can be glued or welded. This dirt and / or moisture-sensitive components, such as storage, switches, electrical and / or electromagnetic actuators, electronics o. The like., In the protected drying room.

• – Ent- und/oder Verriegelung,
• – Keine Türöffnung von Außen nach Fahrtbeginn,
• – Sogenannte Kindersicherung, d.h. keine Entriegelung durch Innengriff, jedoch über Außengriff möglich,
• – Save, d.h. bei elektrischer Verriegelung kann über Innengriff nicht entriegelt werden,
• – Ver- und Entriegelung über Türstöpsel und Anzeigen des Verriegelungszustandes über Türstöpsel,
• – Sensierung des Verriegelungszustandes über Schalter und
• – Automatische Türöffnung.

7 shows a schematic diagram of the door lock built into the car door 100 in cooperation with individual elements of the door. To build the door lock 100 in the region of the locking element 1 and the actuating element 5 Reference is made to the above description. The actuator 5 is powered by a bistable solenoid 18 that with a swivel anchor 17 and about a spring 19 to the pawl 8th coupled, moved. This lifting magnet 18 preferably has two coils 18a . 18b , and that one coil 18a with many turns and small current and the second coil 18b with a small number of turns as well as higher amperage for fast excitation. This is a high degree of flexibility for the following electrical functions of the door lock 100 where:

• - unlocking and / or locking,
• - no door opening from the outside after the start of the journey,
• - so-called parental control, ie no unlocking by internal handle, but on the outside handle possible,
• - Save, ie with electrical locking can not be unlocked via inner handle,
• - locking and unlocking via door stops and indicating the locking state via door stops,
• - Sensing the locking state via switches and
• - Automatic door opening.

For example, as will be described in more detail below, for energy transfer from the electrical key 44 (please refer 12 ) suffice a small current of about 100 mA to the door lock 100 to unlock. This is considerably less than the usually 2 to 4 A of the previously used electric motors.

The lifting magnet 18 is preferably designed bistable with a permanent magnet in the iron circuit, since the unlocking and / or locking functions are static to consider. The lifting magnet 18 is with the rotary anchor 17 and the rotatable pawl 8th on the same axis 20 designed as it can be easily balanced to be shock resistant. The lifting magnet 18 is twist-proof on a bearing element 21 with storage 22 . 23 in the case 15 stored. The lifting magnet 18 can occasionally via a coupling link 24 and the outside door handle 25 with a return spring 26 or over the inside door handle 27 with a return spring 28 , a Bowden cable 29 and a bellcrank 30 which in turn has a return spring 31 on the stop 32 is kept moving.

Now follows from the not shown electrical control of the door lock 100 the command to unlock, then becomes the solenoid 18 switched on and the pawl 8th can engage with the actuator 5 come. To unlock the coil of the solenoid 18 energized accordingly, so that the holding force of the permanent magnet is eliminated and a return spring 33 the rotary anchor 17 with pawl 8th pulls in the rest position to a stop.

• – S_a: Schalter 34 zeigt die Bewegung des Türaußengriffes 25,
• – S_i: Schalter 35 zeigt die Bewegung des Türinnengriffes 27,
• – S_e: Schalter 36 zeigt den Zustand ent- und/oder verriegelt,
• – S_r: Schalter 37 kann die Stellung des Rastelementes 1 anzeigen, wenn z.B. die Tür zu oder offen ist.

The function of the electrical control is supported by the following switch signals:

• - S _a : switch 34 shows the movement of the outside door handle 25 .
• - S _i : switch 35 shows the movement of the inside door handle 27 .
• - S _e : switch 36 shows the state unlocked and / or locked,
• - S _r : switch 37 can the position of the locking element 1 Show if, for example, the door is open or closed.

Instead of the door plug can be in the housing 15 a standard LED display 38 to get integrated. The locking element 1 is in 7 drawn in the door position and dashed the blocking element 4 in the pre-lock position.

8th shows the position with locked lifting magnet 18 , wherein the pawl 8th engaged with the actuating element 5 is. It has the pawl 8th the actuator 5 already twisted, so that the door can be opened. The switching signal S _a generating switch 34 is closed.

9 shows a position in which the outside door handle 25 already pulled out and the locking took place later. This is where the rotary anchor clamps 17 over the spring 19 the pawl 8th before, so that at the starting position, the pawl 8th in engagement with the actuating element 5 comes. In the above-mentioned functions Child Lock and Save, the electric control unit switches the solenoid 18 on unlocking, so the rest position. If, for example, the child safety device is switched on and the outside door handle is when the vehicle is stationary 25 operated, so via the switch 34 a fast activation of the solenoid 18 for unlocking. The same applies if, for example, a door opening on the outside door handle 25 not desired, but over the inside door handle 27 , In this case, the switch activates 35 , This shows that in contrast to the prior art with a fast drive over the lifting magnet 18 all possible functional requirements for unlocking and / or locking can be done.

10 shows a door stopper 39 that with a switch 40 and a small lifting magnet 62 combined. Here the function can be locked via the switch 40 , which generates the signal S _s , are displayed. The position door stopper 39 above indicates the unlocked state.

11 shows a rotary magnet 41 who is the actuator 5 can twist. With the help of the rotary magnet 41 Thus, an automatic door opening is realized. This is possible here by simple means, since the solution according to the invention with roll 6 and optimized gear ratio requires only small actuation forces. Instead of the rotary magnet 41 It is also possible to use a lifting magnet. This comfort function, the door to open automatically, for example, after removing the electric ignition key 44 (see also 12 ) at.

12 shows an integration of keyless inductive antennas 42 , with the help of which the so-called KeylessEntry access authorization to the motor vehicle is possible - for a more detailed explanation of the keyless functionalities is also on the DE 101 46 037 A1 referenced, and / or from Prehcrashsensoren 43 for accident prevention. Furthermore, it lends itself, as described in more detail below, the possibility of transmitting energy from the electrical key 44 with a primary transmission coil 45 to a secondary coil 46 in the door lock 100 to integrate. This leaves the door handle 25 make it very easy and inexpensive despite an emergency opening function. Because in the sealed housing 15 very simple electronics can be installed, as already shown above, it makes sense to represent many functions only an electrical interface. This in turn reduces the installation of the door lock 100 in the car door and its wiring costs.

13 shows the function of a closing aid for the door. Here moves an electric motor 47 via a cam disc 48 the locking element 1 , The locking element 1 in turn moves the door bolt 2 and thus the door in the locking position shown.

As already in 12 you can see the door lock 100 form such that for the purpose of emergency opening an energy transfer from the key 44 on the door lock 100 is possible. The design of this energy transfer is explained in more detail below.

14 shows the electrical key 44 who has contacts 49 to the door handle 25 is docked and thus energy in the preferably in the door lock 100 integrated, electrical control unit 50 with microcomputer (MC) 51 can feed. About diodes 52 is a return of energy in the vehicle electrical system avoided. By appropriate operation of a switch 53 in the key 44 For example, an RF signal is transmitted via antennas 54 . 55 transmitted, which then via the driver stage 56 to the electric drive 57 arrives. With the electric drive 57 it may be the in 1 shown electric drive motor 9 in the 7 visible lifting magnet 18 o. Like. Act. Prerequisite for this are small power consumption of the electronics in the key 44 and the control unit 50 in the door lock 100 , Further helpful is an interrupt operation in the signal communication by first identifying the code and then the drive 57 is controlled.

15 shows an inductive energy transfer through the coils 58 . 59 , over which similar to the known immobilizers signals for code processing can be transmitted. In parallel, an RF transmission of the signals via the antennas 54 . 55 be used. In addition, here is a small energy storage 60 used. With the help of energy storage 60 First, energy can be fed in before the microcomputer 51 is fully active to the drive 57 head for. The energy storage 60 can be selected in the form of a rechargeable battery of the vehicle battery with such a size that in case of failure of the electrical system in the motor vehicle at least for the driver's door is enough energy available. If this energy also fails, then the proposed feed of energy from the electric key 44 respectively. This is a redundant power supply for the door lock in case of failure of the electrical system 100 available.

16 contains the same functions. In contrast to 15 however, is the coupling of the two transmission coils 58 . 59 narrower, so that lower transmission losses occur. When using a battery 61 in the key 44 , This can in the empty state of the door lock 100 getting charged. Preferably, the transmission coil 58 in the door lock 100 integrated.

The Invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiments limited. she comprises Rather, all experts Further developments within the scope defined by the claims Invention. Such a door lock can not only in motor vehicles but also for other doors to real estate, like house doors, Garage doors o. The like., Use find.

1

Locking element / catch

2

door bolt

3

wave

3a

bearing shaft

4

blocking element

5

actuator

5a

web

6

role

6a

bearing bush

7

pivot

8th

pawl

9

drive motor

10

Pen / return spring

11

attack

12

plate (made of hard material)

13

bearing plate

14

drilling

15

Housing (from Door lock)

15a

sealing lip

15b

cover

16

circuit board

17

rotating armature

18

solenoid

18a, b

Kitchen sink (from solenoid)

19

feather

20

axis

21

bearing element

22 23

storage

24

coupling member

25

Outside door handle / door handle

26

Return spring

27

Inside door handle

28

Return spring

29

Bowden

30

Umlenkhebel

31

Return spring

32

attack

33

Return spring

34

Switch (signal S _a )

35

Switch (signal S _i )

36

Switch (signal S _e )

37

Switch (signal S _r )

38

LED display

39

door stopper

40

Switch (signal S _s )

41

rotary magnet

42

Keyless Inductive antenna

43

pre-crash sensor

44

electrical Key / ignition key

45

primary transmission coil

46

secondary coil

47

electric motor (for closing aid)

48

cam

49

Contact (for energy transfer)

50

Control unit / control / actuation

51

microcomputer

52

diode

53

switch (at the key)

54 55

antenna

56

driver stage

57

drive

58 59

transmission coil

60

energy storage (in the door lock)

61

battery pack (in the key)

62

solenoid (for door plugs)

100

electrical Door lock / lock

Claims (9)

Electric door lock on a door, in particular for a locking system in a motor vehicle, having a recess for a door bolt (for example designed in the manner of a rotary latch) (US Pat. 2 ) having latching element ( 1 ), with a locking element formed, for example, in the manner of a pawl (US Pat. 4 ), and with an actuatable by an electric actuator actuator ( 5 ), wherein the blocking element ( 4 ) by means of the actuating element ( 5 ) for locking the door in cooperation with the locking element ( 1 ) and for unlocking the door except for cooperation with the locking element ( 1 ), characterized in that the detent element ( 1 ) of the remaining functional elements, in particular the blocking element ( 4 ), is arranged separately, for example by arrangement in a separate plane and / or in a separate installation space. Electric door lock on a door, in particular for a locking system in a motor vehicle, having a recess for a door bolt (for example designed in the manner of a rotary latch) (US Pat. 2 ) having latching element ( 1 ), with a locking element formed, for example, in the manner of a pawl (US Pat. 4 ), and with a movable by an electric actuator Betätigungsele ment ( 5 ), wherein the blocking element ( 4 ) by means of the actuating element ( 5 ) for locking the door in cooperation with the locking element ( 1 ) and for unlocking the door except for cooperation with the locking element ( 1 ), characterized in that the power transmission between the actuating element ( 5 ) and the blocking element ( 4 ) via a means for reducing the actuating force, in particular via at least one roller ( 6 ), he follows. Electric door lock according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in order to further reduce the actuating force, the size of the latching element ( 1 ) and the blocking element ( 4 ) are selected such that a lever-like translation to the actuating element ( 5 ) is given, in particular by arranging the locking element ( 1 ) and the blocking element ( 4 ) in two separate levels. Electric door lock according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the electric actuator is an electric motor ( 9 ), a lifting magnet o. The like. Act, and that preferably the actuating element ( 5 ) is formed in the manner of a pawl. Electric door lock according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that due to a switch signal, the actuator for moving the actuating element ( 5 ) is activated such that an automatic door opening is made, and that preferably the switch signal is triggered upon removal of the ignition key from the ignition switch. Electric door lock according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the blocking element ( 4 ), in particular floating, bearing plate ( 13 ) for transmitting power from the actuator ( 5 ) on the blocking element ( 4 ) is arranged, that preferably the actuating element ( 5 ) as a lightweight molded part, in particular with an integrated spring ( 10 ), and in that further preferably in the actuating element ( 5 ) a plate of hard material for transmitting power from the actuator to the actuator ( 5 ) is used. Electric door lock according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the roller ( 6 ) by means of a journal ( 7 ) and optionally a bearing bush ( 6a ) in the actuating element ( 5 ) is mounted, that preferably the bearing pin ( 7 ) by means of a web ( 5a ) in the actuating element ( 5 ) is supported, and that further preferably on both sides of the actuating element ( 5 ) two rolls ( 6 ) are arranged. Electric door lock according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the functional elements in a closed housing ( 15 ) are arranged, that preferably the separate plane and / or the separate installation space for the functional elements of the installation space for the locking element ( 1 ) by means of a seal, in particular a sealing lip ( 15a ) o. The like., Is sealed, and that further preferably the seal on the housing ( 15 ) is mounted in the manner of a two-component part. Electric door lock according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the housing ( 15 ) a printed circuit board ( 16 ) for receiving the switching elements for the control of the electric motor ( 9 ), the lifting magnet o. The like. And optionally a bus interface is located, that preferably one on the housing ( 15 ) located connector with the circuit board ( 16 ) is in electrical connection, and that even more preferably the housing ( 15 ) in the area of the printed circuit board ( 16 ) with a lid ( 15b ) is closed, in particular the lid ( 15b ) on the housing ( 15 ) glued, welded o. The like. Is.