CN220087143U - Reverse connection-preventing overvoltage-preventing surge-preventing comprehensive power supply filtering device - Google Patents
Reverse connection-preventing overvoltage-preventing surge-preventing comprehensive power supply filtering device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a reverse connection-preventing overvoltage-preventing surge-preventing comprehensive power supply filtering device, and belongs to the technical field of signal processing and filtering. The device comprises: spike prevention voltage circuit: the bipolar transient suppression diode D2 is adopted to reduce peak voltage to be within a safe voltage range; reverse connection prevention circuit: a diode D1 is adopted; EMI power supply filter circuit: two-stage common-mode capacitors C1 and C2, a first-stage common-mode inductor La and first-stage differential-mode capacitors C3 and C4 are adopted to form a second-stage filter circuit; the integrated four power supply circuit protection filtering functions comprise reverse connection prevention, overvoltage surge prevention, spike prevention, peak voltage prevention and EMI power supply filtering functions, and the integrated, most simplified protection design thought is adopted, so that the integrated high-performance high-integration reverse connection prevention overvoltage surge prevention comprehensive power supply filtering device is provided. The utility model has the advantages of strong universality, simple circuit principle, easy realization, high reliability, small volume, compact structure, convenient disassembly and assembly and large design redundancy, and the input and output interfaces are connected by using wires.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of signal processing and filtering, and particularly relates to an anti-reverse connection anti-overvoltage anti-surge comprehensive power supply filtering device.
Background
For large electronic devices or systems, complex electromagnetic environments are often encountered, involving various electronic devices for radio communication, radar, guidance, navigation, etc., where the radiation frequency ranges span the entire electromagnetic spectrum space. In order to enable various electronic devices to safely and stably operate, standards such as GJB151B-2013, GJB1389A-2005 and the like prescribe that the related electronic devices can bear electromagnetic interference with certain intensity.
At present, circuit protection and treatment comprise functions of reverse connection prevention, overvoltage surge prevention, spike prevention, peak voltage prevention, EMI power supply filtering and the like, generally adopt independent sectional design, have single module function, occupy large internal space of equipment, possibly have the defects of repeated functions, increased cost, inconvenience in maintenance and the like.
The power supply reverse connection preventing circuit generally comprises a diode reverse connection preventing circuit, a full-bridge rectifying reverse connection preventing circuit, a field effect transistor reverse connection preventing circuit and a relay reverse connection preventing circuit.
The diode reverse connection prevention circuit has the advantages of simple circuit structure, small volume, current reverse flow prevention and the like, but has voltage drop of about 0.7V; the full-bridge rectifying reverse connection preventing circuit has the advantages of being capable of working in both positive and negative polarity connection, preventing current from flowing backwards and the like, but has the defects of large volume and voltage drop of about 1.4V; the circuit of the reverse connection preventing circuit of the field effect transistor is more complex, has poorer reliability than other circuits, has large volume, does not have the defects of current backflow preventing and the like, but has smaller voltage drop which can be as low as 0.1V; the voltage drop of the reverse connection preventing circuit of the relay is almost zero, but the volume is larger, and the reverse current preventing circuit does not have the current reverse current preventing function. The voltage drop, the volume and the current backflow prevention function are comprehensively considered, and the reverse connection prevention method needs to be comprehensively considered.
The overvoltage surge of the power supply of the large-scale electronic equipment or the system has the characteristics of low source impedance (0.5 omega), long duration (50 ms), larger total energy and the like, and for the suppression of the large-joule single-pulse transient surge voltage, the energy is larger (V is larger) because of longer duration, the subsequent circuit is protected by using a capacitance-inductance combination mode, and the volume and the weight are obviously increased. The above problems can be solved by adopting a mode of connecting the surge protector in series in the line, namely, a power field effect transistor which is properly controlled is connected in series on the input line. The power MOS tube has the characteristics of high input impedance, easy driving, low on-resistance, small power loss during saturated conduction, good thermal stability, capability of bearing larger current and high voltage difference, and the like.
The drawbacks of the current approach to employing independent power filtering modules are summarized below:
1. the traditional power filter has single function, lacks an integral macroscopic circuit protection design thought, and often cannot be used commonly for a comprehensive power filter device among devices, so that the design cost is increased.
2. The modules with each function are required to be independently located in the input end of the large-scale electronic equipment or system, so that unified management, disassembly and replacement are not facilitated, the independent modules all need independent shell packaging and waste space, and the volume of the whole equipment is increased.
3. There are repetitive designs, although different modules and circuits have different circuit characteristics, the generated interference and the maximum tolerance interference are different, but there are cases where part of the interference waveform protection design is repetitive, the function is covered, and the cost is increased.
Therefore, in order to ensure reliable and stable operation of the equipment, a novel anti-reverse connection anti-overvoltage anti-surge integrated power supply filter device capable of meeting the following requirements is highly needed:
1. under the condition of stable operation of equipment, the functions of reverse connection prevention, overvoltage surge prevention, spike prevention, peak voltage prevention, EMI power supply filtering and the like are realized;
2. meets the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility standards (GJB 151B-2013, GJB1389A-2005, GJB181A-2003, GJB181B-2012 and RTCA/DO-160G) of large-scale electronic equipment or systems.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: how to design a power supply filter function integrating reverse connection prevention, overvoltage surge prevention, spike prevention, peak voltage prevention and EMI prevention, and is suitable for a comprehensive power supply filter device of large-scale electronic equipment or systems.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides an anti-reverse connection anti-overvoltage anti-surge comprehensive power supply filter device, which comprises:
spike prevention voltage circuit: the bipolar transient suppression diode D2 is adopted to reduce peak voltage to be within a safe voltage range;
reverse connection prevention circuit: a diode D1 is adopted;
EMI power supply filter circuit: two-stage common mode capacitors C1 and C2, a first-stage common mode inductor La and first-stage differential mode capacitors C3 and C4 are adopted to form a second-stage filter circuit, direct current or 50Hz alternating current is allowed to pass through, the filter frequency is between 10kHz and 30MHz, and common mode interference and differential mode interference on a power line are restrained;
overvoltage and surge prevention circuit: the device comprises an N-channel field effect transistor S1 for inhibiting single-pulse transient surge voltage;
wherein one end of D2 is connected with the positive electrode of D1, the negative electrode of D1 is connected with one end of C1, the other end of C1 is connected with the other end of D2, one end of C1 is also connected with the first end of La, the other end of C1 is also connected with the second end of La, the third end of La is connected with one end of C2 and one end of C4, the fourth end of La is connected with the other end of C2 and one end of C3, and the other ends of C3 and C4 are grounded; one end of C4 is also connected with the input end of S1, namely the drain electrode.
Preferably, the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit further comprises a current limiting resistor R23, voltage stabilizing diodes D22 and LT4363, resistors R25 and R26 and a timing capacitor C23; one end of R23 is connected with the drain electrode of the N-channel field effect tube S1, the other end of R23 is connected with the negative electrode of D22, the negative electrode of D22 is also connected with the positive power supply voltage input end, the shutdown control input end and the under-voltage comparator input end of LT4363, the positive electrode of D22 is connected with the overvoltage comparator input end of LT4363, the source electrode of the N-channel field effect tube S1 is connected with the current sensing input end, the output voltage detection end and one end of R25, the other end of R25 is connected with one end of R26 and the feedback input end of the voltage regulator of LT4363, and the other end of R26 is grounded; one end of C23 is connected with the fault timer input end of LT4363, and the other end is grounded.
Preferably, the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit firstly supplies power to the charge pump through voltage stabilization by an input end, a sampling resistor connected with an output end collects a voltage value, and the voltage control of the control circuit is used for further controlling the on-off of the N-channel field effect transistor S1.
Preferably, D22 and R23 constitute a voltage stabilizing circuit, providing a stabilized power supply for LT 4363; r25 and R26 form a voltage sampling circuit, the voltage of the output end of the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit is fed back to LT4363, the time for stabilizing the voltage is determined by C23, and LT4363 realizes the functions of charge pump and voltage comparison control.
Preferably, the voltage sampling circuit compares the output end sampling voltage of the overvoltage-preventing surge circuit with the reference voltage of LT4363, and controls the on and off of the triode of the grid electrode of the N-channel field effect transistor S1, thereby controlling the voltage of the grid electrode end capacitor; when 28V voltage is normally input, the gate-source voltage of the S1 is larger than the starting voltage, and the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is conducted in the forward direction; when 80V surge voltage exists, the sampling voltage of the output end is larger than the reference voltage, the triode at the gate end of the S1 is conducted, the capacitor at the gate end is discharged, the voltage of the gate is reduced, the voltage of the gate-source is smaller than 0V, and the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is cut off; then, the sampling voltage of the output end drops, when the sampling voltage of the output end is smaller than the reference voltage by 2.5V, the triode at the grid end is cut off, LT4363 is used as a charge pump to charge the capacitor at the grid end of S1, the grid-source voltage is larger than the starting voltage, the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is conducted in the forward direction, and the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 is controlled in a circulating way, so that the output voltage of the overvoltage surge prevention circuit is not higher than the set value of 36V.
Preferably, the integrated power filter device adopts an integrated design and a laminated layout structure.
Preferably, the internal space of the integrated power supply filter device is divided into two layers, wherein the lower layer is an anti-spike voltage circuit and an anti-overvoltage surge circuit, and the upper layer is an anti-reverse connection circuit and an EMI power supply filter circuit.
Preferably, the input line and the output line outlet holes of the integrated power supply filter device are distributed on two sides.
Preferably, the inside of the integrated power filter device is encapsulated with silicone rubber.
Preferably, the shell of the integrated power supply filter device is made of 6061 aluminum alloy material, the surface of the integrated power supply filter device is subjected to natural-color conductive oxidation treatment, and electromagnetic sealing is carried out by adopting a screw fixing process.
(III) beneficial effects
The utility model integrates four power supply circuit protection filtering functions, including reverse connection prevention, overvoltage surge prevention, spike and peak voltage prevention and EMI power supply filtering functions, adopts an integrated and simplified protection design thought, and is a high-performance and high-integration comprehensive power supply filtering device with reverse connection prevention, overvoltage prevention and surge prevention. The utility model has the advantages of strong universality, simple circuit principle, easy realization, high reliability, small volume, compact structure, convenient disassembly and assembly and large design redundancy, and the input and output interfaces are connected by using wires.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive power supply filtering device according to the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the integrated power filter device of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an overvoltage and surge protection circuit of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an overvoltage and surge protection circuit of the present utility model;
fig. 5 is a three views of the outline structure of the integrated power filter device of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, contents and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the following detailed description of the present utility model will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The utility model provides a reverse connection and overvoltage prevention surge prevention comprehensive power supply filter device, the principle of which is shown in figure 1, a circuit diagram is shown in figure 2, and the filter device comprises the following 4 parts:
1. spike prevention voltage circuit: the spike voltage is characterized by a high source impedance, a short duration, and a relatively small total energy, such as 600V, 10us, 50 ohms. The peak voltage is suppressed mainly by adopting a protection circuit scheme of connecting a bipolar transient suppression diode TVS (D2 in fig. 2) in parallel to the input end, and the peak voltage can be reduced to be within a safe voltage range. Accordingly, the spike prevention voltage circuit is realized by a bipolar transient suppression diode D2;
2. reverse connection prevention circuit: the power supply reverse connection preventing circuit generally comprises a diode reverse connection preventing circuit, a full-bridge rectifying reverse connection preventing circuit, a field effect transistor reverse connection preventing circuit and a relay reverse connection preventing circuit, and according to the characteristics of electric equipment, the diode reverse connection preventing circuit is finally selected, and has the advantages of simple circuit structure, small volume, current reverse flow preventing and the like, and a reverse connection preventing circuit diagram is shown in fig. 2. The reverse connection preventing circuit is realized by a diode D1;
emi power filter circuit: according to the electrical characteristics of the equipment, the high-performance low-power supply filter circuit consisting of an inductor and a capacitor is designed by combining design experience of similar products. The EMI power supply filter circuit adopts two stages of common mode capacitors C1 and C2, a first stage of common mode inductance La and first stage of differential mode capacitors C3 and C4 to form a second stage of filter circuit, the filter circuit allows direct current or 50Hz alternating current to pass through, the filter frequency is 10 kHz-30 MHz, the filter circuit has extremely high common mode insertion loss and differential mode insertion loss, the interference signal with higher frequency is attenuated, the common mode interference and the differential mode interference on a power supply line can be restrained, and an EMI filter circuit diagram is shown in figure 2.
4. Overvoltage and surge prevention circuit: overvoltage surges are characterized by low source impedance, long duration, and relatively large total energy, such as 80V, 50ms, 0.5ohm. For suppression of high-energy single-pulse transient surge voltage, the duration is longer, the energy is larger (V is larger), the suppression is difficult to realize by means of conventional capacitors, inductors and other devices, otherwise, the volume is larger, a high-power adjusting tube, namely an N-channel field effect tube, is needed, and the overvoltage prevention surge circuit comprises an N-channel field effect tube S1.
As shown in fig. 2, the connection manner of the integrated power filter device is as follows: one end of the D2 is connected with the anode of the D1, the cathode of the D1 is connected with one end of the C1, the other end of the C1 is connected with the other end of the D2, one end of the C1 is also connected with the first end of La, the other end of the C1 is also connected with the second end of La, the third end of La is connected with one end of the C2 and one end of the C4, the fourth end of La is connected with the other end of the C2 and one end of the C3, and the other ends of the C3 and the C4 are grounded; one end of C4 is also connected with the input end of S1, namely the drain electrode.
The schematic block diagram of the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit is shown in fig. 3. The overvoltage and surge prevention circuit firstly supplies power to the charge pump through voltage stabilization at the input end, a sampling resistor connected with the output end collects voltage values, and the voltage control of the control circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the N-channel field effect transistor S1.
The detailed circuit diagram of the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit is shown in fig. 4, and the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit further comprises a current limiting resistor R23, voltage stabilizing diodes D22 and LT4363, resistors R25 and R26 and a timing capacitor C23; one end of R23 is connected with the drain electrode of the N-channel field effect transistor S1, the other end of R23 is connected with the negative electrode of D22, the negative electrode of D22 is also connected with the positive power supply voltage input end of LT4363, namely 5 pins, the shutdown control input end of LT4363, namely 6 pins, the input end of an undervoltage comparator, namely 8 pins, the positive electrode of D22 is connected with the overvoltage comparator input end of LT4363, namely 7 pins, the source electrode of the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is connected with the current sensing input end of LT4363, namely 3 pins, the output voltage detection end of LT4363, namely 2 pins, one end of R25, the other end of R25 is connected with one end of R26, the feedback input end of a voltage regulator of LT4363, namely 1 pin, and the other end of R26 is grounded; one end of C23 is connected with the fault timer input end of LT4363, namely 12 pins, and the other end is grounded.
The working principle of the overvoltage surge prevention circuit of the N-channel field effect transistor based on the LT4363 integrated overvoltage protection control circuit is as follows: the voltage stabilizing circuit formed by the voltage stabilizing diode D22 and the current limiting resistor R23 provides a stable power supply for the LT4363, the voltage sampling circuit formed by the resistor R25 and the resistor R26 feeds back the voltage of the output end of the overvoltage and surge preventing circuit to the LT4363, the timing capacitor C23 determines the voltage stabilizing time, and the LT4363 integrates a charge pump and a voltage comparison control function. The voltage sampling circuit compares the sampling voltage of the output end of the overvoltage surge prevention circuit with the reference voltage of LT4363 (voltage control circuit) to control the on and off of the triode of the N channel field effect transistor S1, namely the grid electrode of Q2, so as to control the voltage of the grid electrode end capacitor. When 28V voltage is normally input, the gate-source voltage of the Q2 is larger than the starting voltage, and the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 is conducted in the forward direction; when 80V surge voltage exists, the sampling voltage of the output end is larger than the reference voltage (2.5V), the triode at the gate end of the Q2 is conducted, the capacitor at the gate end is discharged, the gate voltage is reduced, the gate-source voltage is smaller than 0V, and the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 is cut off; then, the output end sampling voltage drops, when the output end sampling voltage is smaller than the reference voltage by 2.5V, the grid end triode is cut off, LT4363 is used as a charge pump to charge the grid end capacitor of Q2, the grid-source voltage is larger than the starting voltage, and the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 is conducted in the forward direction. And the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 is controlled by circulating in the way, so that the output voltage of the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit is not higher than a set value of 36V.
The outline structure of the integrated power filter is shown in fig. 5. The device adopts an integrated design and a laminated layout structure, thereby improving the manufacturability and the reliability of the product and effectively reducing the required volume for mounting the device. The inner space of the comprehensive power supply filter device is divided into two layers, wherein the lower layer is an anti-spike voltage circuit and an anti-overvoltage surge circuit, and the upper layer is an anti-reverse connection circuit and an EMI power supply filter circuit. The input line and the output line outlet holes are distributed on two sides of the device, so that the distance between the input and the output is maximized, and the line-to-line crosstalk between the input line and the output line can be reduced to the greatest extent. And the inside of the comprehensive power supply filter device is encapsulated by silicon rubber with good heat conductivity coefficient, so that water vapor sealing is realized. The shell is 6061 aluminum alloy shell, the surface is subjected to natural color conductive oxidation treatment, and electromagnetic sealing is carried out by adopting a screw fixing process.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-reverse connection anti-overvoltage anti-surge comprehensive power supply filtering device is characterized by comprising:
spike prevention voltage circuit: the bipolar transient suppression diode D2 is adopted to reduce peak voltage to be within a safe voltage range;
reverse connection prevention circuit: a diode D1 is adopted;
EMI power supply filter circuit: two-stage common mode capacitors C1 and C2, a first-stage common mode inductor La and first-stage differential mode capacitors C3 and C4 are adopted to form a second-stage filter circuit, direct current or 50Hz alternating current is allowed to pass through, the filter frequency is between 10kHz and 30MHz, and common mode interference and differential mode interference on a power line are restrained;
overvoltage and surge prevention circuit: the device comprises an N-channel field effect transistor S1 for inhibiting single-pulse transient surge voltage;
wherein one end of D2 is connected with the positive electrode of D1, the negative electrode of D1 is connected with one end of C1, the other end of C1 is connected with the other end of D2, one end of C1 is also connected with the first end of La, the other end of C1 is also connected with the second end of La, the third end of La is connected with one end of C2 and one end of C4, the fourth end of La is connected with the other end of C2 and one end of C3, and the other ends of C3 and C4 are grounded; one end of C4 is also connected with the input end of S1, namely the drain electrode.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the overvoltage and surge protection circuit further comprises a current limiting resistor R23, a zener diode D22, LT4363, resistors R25, R26, and a timing capacitor C23; one end of R23 is connected with the drain electrode of the N-channel field effect tube S1, the other end of R23 is connected with the negative electrode of D22, the negative electrode of D22 is also connected with the positive power supply voltage input end, the shutdown control input end and the under-voltage comparator input end of LT4363, the positive electrode of D22 is connected with the overvoltage comparator input end of LT4363, the source electrode of the N-channel field effect tube S1 is connected with the current sensing input end, the output voltage detection end and one end of R25, the other end of R25 is connected with one end of R26 and the feedback input end of the voltage regulator of LT4363, and the other end of R26 is grounded; one end of C23 is connected with the fault timer input end of LT4363, and the other end is grounded.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit firstly supplies power to the charge pump through voltage stabilization by an input end, and a sampling resistor connected with an output end collects a voltage value, and the voltage control of the control circuit is used for further controlling the on-off of the N-channel field effect transistor S1.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein D22 and R23 form a voltage stabilizing circuit providing a stabilizing power supply for LT 4363; r25 and R26 form a voltage sampling circuit, the voltage of the output end of the overvoltage and surge prevention circuit is fed back to LT4363, the time for stabilizing the voltage is determined by C23, and LT4363 realizes the functions of charge pump and voltage comparison control.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the voltage sampling circuit compares the output end sampling voltage of the overvoltage protection surge circuit with a reference voltage of LT4363 to control the on and off of a triode at the gate of the N-channel field effect transistor S1, thereby controlling the voltage of the gate terminal capacitor; when 28V voltage is normally input, the gate-source voltage of the S1 is larger than the starting voltage, and the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is conducted in the forward direction; when 80V surge voltage exists, the sampling voltage of the output end is larger than the reference voltage, the triode at the gate end of the S1 is conducted, the capacitor at the gate end is discharged, the voltage of the gate is reduced, the voltage of the gate-source is smaller than 0V, and the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is cut off; then, the sampling voltage of the output end drops, when the sampling voltage of the output end is smaller than the reference voltage by 2.5V, the triode at the grid end is cut off, LT4363 is used as a charge pump to charge the capacitor at the grid end of S1, the grid-source voltage is larger than the starting voltage, the N-channel field effect transistor S1 is conducted in the forward direction, and the N-channel field effect transistor Q2 is controlled in a circulating way, so that the output voltage of the overvoltage surge prevention circuit is not higher than the set value of 36V.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the integrated power filter device is of an integrated design, a stacked layout.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the interior space of the integrated power filter is divided into two layers, a lower layer being an anti-spike voltage circuit and an anti-overvoltage surge circuit, and an upper layer being an anti-reverse connection circuit and an EMI power filter circuit.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the input and output line outlet holes of the integrated power filter are distributed on both sides.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the interior of the integrated power filter is potted with silicone rubber.
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the housing of the integrated power filter is 6061 aluminum alloy material, and the surface is subjected to natural color conductive oxidation treatment and is subjected to electromagnetic sealing by adopting a screw fixing process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321175652.XU CN220087143U (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Reverse connection-preventing overvoltage-preventing surge-preventing comprehensive power supply filtering device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202321175652.XU CN220087143U (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Reverse connection-preventing overvoltage-preventing surge-preventing comprehensive power supply filtering device |
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| CN220087143U true CN220087143U (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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| CN202321175652.XU Active CN220087143U (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Reverse connection-preventing overvoltage-preventing surge-preventing comprehensive power supply filtering device |
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