CN204760511U - Radio frequency coaxial switch with radio frequency compensation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a radio frequency coaxial switch with radio frequency compensation structure, it includes a radio -frequency channel, a pair of coaxial connector, and push rod spare, has radio frequency compensation structure in coaxial connector and the push rod spare with the radio frequency characteristic of optimizing the radio -frequency channel and the mechanical stability of switch. Wherein coaxial connector contains an inner conductor core, last insulator, lower insulator and shell, the radio frequency compensation structure characterized in that of the push rod in the push rod spare wherein the push rod has a hierarchic structure, and its diameter is the grow from childhood to its diameter transition interval can be formed by oblique angle or fillet. The radio frequency compensation structure of above -mentioned push rod also can form a recess and realize in the push rod in addition.

Description

RF Coaxial Switch with RF Compensation Structure

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a high (radio) frequency coaxial switch, especially a radio frequency coaxial switch with a radio frequency compensation structure.

【Background technique】

A coaxial RF switch is a special type of electromechanical relay (or switch) that turns on or off a radio frequency (RF) signal between input terminals. Usually, a coaxial radio frequency switch uses a push rod to push an inner conductor, and at the same time contacts a pair of coaxial conductor heads and connects the signal channel between the coaxial conductors. The common design is to place the soft magnetic rocking plate under a pair of electromagnets to push the push rod for switch operation. Due to the need to connect high-frequency signals, the high-frequency channel of the coaxial high-frequency switch needs to be properly designed to achieve impedance matching and continuity. Since high-frequency channels are often composed of different components, which increases the complexity of high-frequency channels, it is necessary to simultaneously achieve broadband (such as 0-40GHz or higher) more ideal parameters (such as standing waves, insertion loss and isolation) etc.), special compensation design is required in some parts of the channel. The present invention discloses several compensation design structures in this regard.

【Content of invention】

A radio frequency coaxial switch with a radio frequency compensation structure, comprising a radio frequency channel; a pair of coaxial connectors; and a push rod assembly; the coaxial connector and the push rod assembly have a radio frequency compensation structure to optimize the radio frequency channel RF characteristics and mechanical stability of the switch. Wherein the coaxial connector includes an inner conductor core, an upper insulator, a lower insulator and a shell; wherein the radio frequency compensation structure of the push rod in the push rod assembly is characterized in that the push rod has a stepped structure, its diameter becomes larger from small to large, and its Diameter transitions can be formed with beveled or rounded corners. In addition, the radio frequency compensation structure of the push rod can also be realized by forming a groove in the push rod.

【Description of drawings】

The above and other characteristics and advantages of the present invention are described in detail below with examples and drawings, wherein the same reference numerals used will refer to the same parts;

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a common coaxial radio frequency switch;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a radio frequency coaxial switch with a special compensation structure in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a detailed view corresponding to the push rod assembly part of the radio frequency coaxial switch embodiment shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a detailed view corresponding to the connector part of the embodiment of the radio frequency coaxial switch shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a push rod assembly having another special compensation structure embodiment of the radio frequency coaxial switch of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional view corresponding to the push rod assembly part of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a detailed view corresponding to the push rod assembly part of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a push rod assembly having another special compensation structure embodiment of the radio frequency coaxial switch of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional view corresponding to the push rod assembly part of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a detailed view corresponding to the push rod assembly part of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a push rod assembly having another special compensation structure embodiment of the radio frequency coaxial switch of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a three-dimensional view corresponding to the push rod assembly part of the embodiment shown in Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a detailed view of the part of the push rod assembly corresponding to the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 .

【Detailed ways】

Certain embodiments used in this specification are just some examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. For the sake of brevity, some common electronic manufacturing and other system aspects (manufacturing system components) are not necessarily detailed. Furthermore, this specification uses electrical and electronic examples to describe the present invention, and it should be understood that many other fabrication methods can be used to fabricate the present high frequency coaxial switch. The method described in this manual can also be applied to single-pole multi-throw and multi-pole multi-throw coaxial switches;

The spatial arrangements and size descriptions used in this manual are for illustrative purposes only. The specific high-frequency compensation structures can have various spatial positions and orientation arrangements, and these structures can also be connected in an appropriate manner to form an array;

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a common coaxial high-frequency switch. As shown in FIG. 1 , the coaxial high frequency switch 100 includes a pair of coil assemblies 10 and 20, an armature assembly 30, a permanent magnet 40, an amount iron 80, push rod assemblies 50 and 60, a cavity 70 and a coaxial connector assembly 110. , 120 and 130;

The coil assembly is composed of a coil 12 and an iron core 11 respectively wound on a coil frame. The armature assembly 30 includes a soft magnetic armature 31 , an elastic piece 32 and a rotating shaft 33 . The push rod assemblies 50 and 60 include a push rod 51 , a reaction force spring 52 and an inner conductor piece 53 . The cavity is a closed space formed by the combination of the lower cavity body 71 and the cover plate 72 . The coaxial connectors 110, 120 and 130 include an inner conductor core 111, an insulator 112 and a shell 113;

As shown in FIG. 1, when the armature 31 is attracted by the iron core 11 and rotates clockwise, the right end of the shrapnel 32 pushes the push rod assembly 50 to move downward and makes the inner conductor piece 53 contact the inner conductor cores 111 of the connectors 110 and 120 at the same time, Thus, the radio frequency signal can be transmitted from the input terminal of the connector 110 to the output terminal of the connector 120 (or reverse transmission). At this time, the left end push rod assembly 60 is pushed up by its reaction force spring 52 to drive the left end inner conductor piece 53 to move to the top of the cavity, and the radio frequency channels of the coaxial connectors 110 to 130 are disconnected;

As mentioned earlier, the RF channel needs to have continuous impedance matching when it is switched on, and the complexity of the structure of the channel makes it difficult to achieve this goal in a wide frequency band (such as 0-40GHz), so a special and reasonable compensation structure is required to achieve Wideband ideal radio frequency characteristics (such as standing wave and insertion loss, etc.). The invention discloses several special compensation structures of radio frequency coaxial switches;

2, 3 and 4 are a sectional view, a detailed view of a push rod assembly and a detailed view of a connector of an embodiment of the coaxial high-frequency switch of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the coaxial high frequency switch 200 includes a pair of coil assemblies 10 and 20, an armature assembly 30, a permanent magnet 40, an amount iron 80, push rod assemblies 250 and 260, a cavity 70 and a coaxial connector assembly 210 , 220 and 230;

The push rod assemblies 250 and 260 include a push rod 251 , a reaction force spring 52 and an inner conductor piece 53 . The push rod 251 is made of insulating material, which includes but not limited to the following types: polycarbonate, liquid crystal polymer, polyetherimide, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene and other engineering plastics, and its dielectric The constant can be between 1.1 and 100, or even higher. The inner conductor sheet 53 is made of elastic metal sheet, and its surface is covered with noble metal (such as gold, silver or other alloys). The reaction force spring 52 is made of stainless steel or other elastic materials. The reaction force spring 52 can also be made into the form of a reaction force shrapnel, and its function is to make the push rod assembly return to its original position without external force. The lower end of the push rod 251 passes through the opening in the inner conductor sheet 53 and is thermally fused to form an interlayer to clamp the inner conductor sheet 53, and the inner conductor sheet 53 can move up and down with the push rod 251. In the embodiment of the present invention, the push rod 251 is located above the inner conductor sheet 53 and has a stepped structure. Its characteristic is that the diameter of the push rod becomes larger from small to large, and there is a bevel 254 in the middle for transition connection, so that the push rod 251 contacts the inner conductor sheet 53 Part of the diameter is relatively small, while the upper diameter is relatively large, to achieve radio frequency impedance compensation and index optimization, while not hindering the freedom of the push rod 251 to move up and down in the corresponding through hole of the cover plate 72. The push rod assembly 261 has the same structure as 251;

The connector assembly 210 includes an inner conductor core 211 , an upper insulator 212 , a housing 213 and a lower insulator 214 . The inner conductor core 211 is made of a metal material (such as copper or copper alloy, etc.), and its surface is covered with a precious metal (such as gold, silver, etc. or its alloy material) material; the shell 213 is made of a metal material (such as stainless steel, copper or copper alloy, etc.) Made; the upper insulator 212 and the lower insulator 214 are made of insulating materials (such as: polycarbonate, liquid crystal polymer, polyetherimide, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene and other engineering plastics or ceramics and glass and other insulating materials) Composition, its dielectric constant can be between 1.1 and 100, or even higher. The upper insulator 212 and the lower insulator 214 can be made of the same material or different materials. The upper insulator 212 and the lower insulator 214 may have the same structural size, or may have different structural sizes. There are corresponding grooves in the inner conductor core 211 corresponding to the upper insulator 212 and the lower insulator 214, so that the insulator can be snapped into the groove and play a role in supporting the inner conductor core 211; in addition, the corresponding groove depth and height, insulator The parameters such as shape, size and dielectric constant are optimized to achieve the best effect of the entire channel radio frequency. The through-holes (six shown) and the recessed portion of the end face in the insulator 212 are designed and formed for RF impedance compensation and RF parameter optimization. The through holes can also be opened as semi-through holes, and the size and number (such as 0 to 6 or more) can be determined according to the specific optimization design. The openings can be evenly distributed on the central axis of the conductor core 211 or non-uniformly distributed. The inner diameter of the above shell 213 can be 2.92 mm, and the coaxial connector with this characteristic shell is also often called 2.92 mm K-type coaxial connector;

In the coaxial switch 200 shown in FIG. 2 , when the left end of the armature 31 is attracted by the iron core 11 and rotates clockwise, the right end of the shrapnel 32 pushes the push rod assembly 250 to move downward and makes the inner conductor piece 53 contact the connector 210 at the same time and the inner conductor core 211 of the connector 220, so that the radio frequency signal can be transmitted from the input terminal of the connector 210 to the output terminal of the connector 220 (or reverse transmission). At this time, the left end push rod assembly 260 is pushed up by its reaction force spring 52 to drive the left end inner conductor piece 53 to move to the top of the cavity, and the RF channels of the coaxial connectors 210 to 230 are disconnected. Conversely, when the right end of the armature 31 is attracted by the iron core 21 and rotates counterclockwise, the corresponding push rod assembly will perform the opposite movement to the above and disconnect the radio frequency channels from 210 to 220 and connect the radio frequency channels from 210 to 230 ;

5, 6 and 7 are sectional views, three-dimensional views and detailed views of another embodiment of the push rod assembly in the coaxial high-frequency switch of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , the push rod assembly 350 includes a push rod 351 , a reaction force spring 52 (not shown) and an inner conductor piece 53 . The push rod 351 is made of the above-mentioned insulating material, and its dielectric constant can be between 1.1 and 100, or even higher. The inner conductor sheet 53 is made of elastic metal sheet. The lower end of the push rod 351 passes through the opening in the inner conductor sheet 53 and is thermally fused to form an interlayer to clamp the inner conductor sheet 53, and the inner conductor sheet 53 can move up and down with the push rod 351. In the embodiment of the present invention, the push rod 351 is located above the inner conductor sheet 53 and has a transition structure, which is characterized in that the diameter of the push rod becomes larger from small to large, and there is a rounded corner 354 in the middle for transition connection, so that the push rod 351 contacts the inner conductor sheet 53 Part of the diameter is relatively small, while the upper diameter is relatively large, to achieve radio frequency impedance compensation and index optimization, while not hindering the freedom of the push rod 351 to move up and down in the corresponding through hole of the cover plate 72;

8, 9 and 10 are sectional views, three-dimensional views and detailed views of another embodiment of the push rod assembly in the coaxial radio frequency switch of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8 , the push rod assembly 450 includes a push rod 451 , a reaction force spring 52 (not shown) and an inner conductor piece 53 . The push rod 451 is made of the above-mentioned insulating material, and its dielectric constant can be between 1.1 and 100, or even higher. The inner conductor sheet 53 is made of elastic metal sheet, and its surface is covered with noble metal (such as gold, silver or other alloys). The lower end of the push rod 451 passes through the opening in the inner conductor sheet 53 and is thermally fused to form an interlayer to clamp the inner conductor sheet 53, and the inner conductor sheet 53 can move up and down with the push rod 451. In the embodiment of the present invention, the push rod 451 is located above the inner conductor sheet 53 and has a stepped structure 454 (the step has a small chamfer). Part of the diameter is relatively small, while the upper diameter is relatively large to achieve radio frequency impedance compensation and index optimization, while not hindering the freedom of the push rod 451 to move up and down in the corresponding through hole of the cover plate 72;

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view, a three-dimensional view and a detailed view of another embodiment of the push rod assembly in the coaxial radio frequency switch of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11 , the push rod assembly 550 includes a push rod 551 , a reaction force spring 52 (not shown) and an inner conductor piece 53 . The push rod 551 is made of the above-mentioned insulating material, and its dielectric constant can be between 1.1 and 100, or even higher. The inner conductor sheet 53 is made of elastic metal sheet, and its surface is covered with noble metal (such as gold, silver or other alloys). The lower end of the push rod 551 passes through the opening in the inner conductor sheet 53 and is thermally fused to form an interlayer to clamp the inner conductor sheet 53, and the inner conductor sheet 53 can move up and down with the push rod 551. In the embodiment of the present invention, the push rod 551 is located above the inner conductor sheet 53 and has a groove structure 554. The characteristic is that the diameter of the groove part of the push rod is smaller than the diameter of its adjacent part, so as to achieve radio frequency impedance compensation and index optimization without hindering The degree of freedom for the push rod 551 to move up and down in the corresponding through hole of the cover plate 72;

It should be understood that there are many other possible designs and methods to manufacture the coaxial radio frequency switch, and its fabrication details are omitted here;

It should be understood that without departing from the scope of the present invention, there are many other possible implementation types and the selection and combination of different materials, and there are also many different structures or geometric dimensions that can be used in the coaxial switch;

In the following claims, related structures, materials, acts and equivalent elements are intended to include any structure, material or act which achieves the desired function and may be combined with other claimed elements. In addition, the steps in the method requirements can be performed in any order. The scope of the invention should be determined by the following claims and their legal equivalents, and should not be limited by the above examples.

Claims (20)

1. A radio frequency coaxial switch with a radio frequency compensation structure, comprising a radio frequency channel; a pair of coaxial connectors positioned at the two ends of the radio frequency channel; and a push rod assembly; the push rod assembly includes a push rod, an inner conductor Core and a reaction force spring, there is an interlayer at the lower end of the push rod to clamp the inner conductor core and enable the inner conductor core to move up and down with the push rod; the push rod has a stepped structure above the inner conductor sheet, its signs The reason is that the diameter of the push rod increases from small to large, so that the diameter of the part of the push rod that contacts the inner conductor sheet is relatively small, while the diameter of the upper part is relatively large; when the push rod drives the inner conductor core in the radio frequency When moving downward in the channel, the inner conductor core is connected to the coaxial connector and communicates with the radio frequency channel; and when the push rod drives the inner conductor core to move upward in the radio frequency channel, the inner conductor core The inner conductor core leaves the coaxial connector and disconnects the radio frequency channel. 2. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the stepped structure of the push rod is formed by an oblique angle transition. 3. The radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the stepped structure of the push rod is formed by a round corner transition. 4. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the push rod is made of insulating material. 5. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the push rod is made of plastic. 6. A radio frequency coaxial switch with a radio frequency compensation structure, comprising a radio frequency channel; a push rod assembly; and a pair of coaxial connectors positioned at both ends of the radio frequency channel; the push rod assembly includes a push rod, an inner conductor Core and a reaction force spring, there is an interlayer at the lower end of the push rod to clamp the inner conductor core and enable the inner conductor core to move up and down with the push rod; the coaxial connector includes an inner conductor core, an upper insulator, a lower insulator and shell; when the push rod drives the inner conductor core to move downward in the radio frequency channel, the inner conductor core is connected to the coaxial connector and communicates with the radio frequency channel; and when the push rod When the inner conductor core is driven to move upward in the radio frequency channel, the inner conductor core leaves the coaxial connector and disconnects the radio frequency channel. 7. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper insulator and the lower insulator in the coaxial connector are made of insulating materials. 8. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 7, characterized in that the insulating material of the upper insulator and the lower insulator in the coaxial connector has a relative permittivity between 1.1 and 10. 9. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 7, characterized in that the insulating material of the upper insulator in the coaxial connector is made of one of the following materials: polycarbonate, liquid crystal polymer, glass , Polyetherimide, ceramics, polyamide, PTFE. 10. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 7, characterized in that the insulating material of the lower insulator in the coaxial connector is made of one of the following materials: polycarbonate, liquid crystal polymer, glass , Polyetherimide, ceramics, polyamide, PTFE. 11. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper insulator in the coaxial connector has a through-hole compensation structure. 12. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper insulator in the coaxial connector has six through-hole compensation structures. 13. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that the end face of the upper insulator in the coaxial connector has a concave compensation structure. 14. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 13, characterized in that the upper insulator in the coaxial connector has six through-hole compensation structures. 15. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that said coaxial connector is a 2.92 mm K-type coaxial connector. 16. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner diameter of the main body of the coaxial connector housing is 2.92 mm. 17. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 6, characterized in that the push rod has a stepped structure above the inner conductor sheet, and its characteristic is that the diameter of the push rod becomes larger from small to large, so that The diameter of the part of the push rod contacting the inner conductor sheet is relatively small, while the diameter of the upper part is relatively large. 18. A radio frequency coaxial switch with a radio frequency compensation structure, comprising a radio frequency channel; a pair of coaxial connectors located at both ends of the radio frequency channel; and a push rod assembly; the push rod assembly includes a push rod, an inner conductor Core and a reaction force spring, there is an interlayer at the lower end of the push rod to clamp the inner conductor core and enable the inner conductor core to move up and down with the push rod; the push rod has a groove structure above the inner conductor piece, its The characteristic is that the diameter of the push rod is smaller than its adjacent part in the groove; when the push rod drives the inner conductor core to move downward in the radio frequency channel, the inner conductor core connects the coaxial connection and connect the radio frequency channel; and when the push rod drives the inner conductor core to move upward in the radio frequency channel, the inner conductor core leaves the coaxial connector and disconnects the radio frequency channel open. 19. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 18, characterized in that said coaxial connector comprises an inner conductor core, an upper insulator, a lower insulator and a shell. 20. A radio frequency coaxial switch according to claim 19, characterized in that said coaxial connector is a 2.92 mm K-type coaxial connector.