CN120948613B - Journal defect detection method and device for steam turbine rotor and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Journal defect detection method and device for steam turbine rotor and electronic equipmentInfo
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- CN120948613B CN120948613B CN202511485656.1A CN202511485656A CN120948613B CN 120948613 B CN120948613 B CN 120948613B CN 202511485656 A CN202511485656 A CN 202511485656A CN 120948613 B CN120948613 B CN 120948613B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种汽轮机转子的轴颈缺陷检测方法、装置和电子设备，其中，该汽轮机转子的轴颈缺陷检测方法包括：控制超声探头在轴向导轨上移动，当超声探头在轴向导轨的任一位置时，控制轴颈沿环向导轨旋转并通过超声探头扫描轴颈，获得轴颈在空间中的每一位置信息；构建轴颈位置矩阵和信号矩阵，其中轴颈位置矩阵中每一元素与信号矩阵中每一元素存在映射关系；构建轴颈的理想三维图像，若在信号矩阵中，存在超声信号的幅值大于预设阈值，则获取超声信号所映射的位置信息，根据所映射的位置信息在理想三维图像中确定缺陷位置；遍历理想三维图像中每个体积像素，统计缺陷位置的数量获得缺陷体积。通过本申请提高了检测轴颈缺陷的精确度。
This application relates to a method, apparatus, and electronic device for detecting journal defects in a steam turbine rotor. The method includes: controlling an ultrasonic probe to move along a axial guide rail; when the ultrasonic probe is at any position on the axial guide rail, controlling the journal to rotate along the circumferential guide rail and scanning the journal with the ultrasonic probe to obtain position information of the journal in space; constructing a journal position matrix and a signal matrix, wherein each element in the journal position matrix has a mapping relationship with each element in the signal matrix; constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal; if the amplitude of an ultrasonic signal in the signal matrix is greater than a preset threshold, obtaining the position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal; determining the defect location in the ideal three-dimensional image based on the mapped position information; and traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image to count the number of defect locations and obtain the defect volume. This application improves the accuracy of journal defect detection.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of defect detection, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor, and an electronic device.
Background
The journal of the turbine rotor is easy to generate microscopic cracks and material cracking defects under the working conditions of long-term high-speed rotating speed and alternating load, and the defects can cause mechanical faults and vibration to be aggravated so as to cause safety accidents. In the prior art, only defects in the journal can be detected by ultrasonic detection, but the specific characteristics and the specific volume of the defects cannot be clearly known, so that the subsequent maintenance strategy is difficult to determine according to the specific information of the defects. Therefore, how to improve the defect accuracy of the detection journal becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for detecting the defects of a shaft neck of a steam turbine rotor and electronic equipment, which at least solve the problem of how to improve the accuracy of detecting the defects of the shaft neck in the related technology.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting a defect of a shaft neck of a steam turbine rotor, which is characterized in that the method is applied to a shaft neck scanning system, the system includes an annular guide rail and an axial guide rail, the annular guide rail surrounds an end surface of the shaft neck, the axial guide rail is parallel to an axial direction of the shaft neck and is connected with an ultrasonic probe, and the method includes:
Controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail, and controlling the journal to rotate along the annular guide rail and scanning the journal through the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, so as to obtain each position information of the journal in space;
constructing a journal position matrix according to the position information, and determining a signal matrix according to ultrasonic signals received each time, wherein each element in the journal position matrix has a mapping relation with each element in the signal matrix;
Determining the shape of the defect according to the position information by a tensor quantization method;
Based on the size of the shaft neck, constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the shaft neck, if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold in the signal matrix, acquiring the position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal, and determining the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information and the defect shape;
traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image, counting the number of the defect positions, and determining the counted result as the defect volume of the journal.
In an embodiment, the system further comprises an axial stepper and a circumferential stepper, the controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail, controlling the journal to rotate and scanning the journal through the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, obtaining each position information of the journal in space, comprising:
constructing a journal coordinate system, wherein the journal coordinate system takes the center of the end face of a journal as an origin, takes the axial direction of the journal as an x-axis, takes the direction from the high pressure side to the low pressure side of a steam turbine rotor as the positive direction of the x-axis, rotates the x-axis clockwise by 90 degrees in the horizontal plane where the x-axis is positioned to determine a y-axis and a y-axis square, and takes the direction vertical to the x-y plane as a z-axis upwards;
controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail through the axial stepper based on a first preset step length;
Determining the abscissa of each spatial position of the journal according to the position of the ultrasonic probe on the axial guide rail, the first preset step length and the length of the axial guide rail;
When the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, the journal is controlled to rotate for half a circle from the initial position according to the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction respectively through the annular stepper based on a second preset step length;
in the rotation process of the shaft neck, scanning the shaft neck through an ultrasonic probe to obtain a detection distance of the shaft neck, and determining a depth coordinate and an ordinate of each spatial position of the shaft neck based on the second preset step length and the detection distance;
and obtaining each piece of position information of the journal in space according to the abscissa, the ordinate and the depth coordinate.
In an embodiment, the determining the signal matrix according to each received ultrasonic signal includes:
Based on each piece of position information, the ultrasonic probe receives an ultrasonic signal returned by each space position, and the depth detected by the ultrasonic probe in the journal is determined according to the ultrasonic signals;
And constructing a signal matrix according to the depth.
In one embodiment, the constructing the ideal three-dimensional image of the journal based on the dimensions of the journal comprises:
constructing a three-dimensional image of a cube based on the end face radius of the journal and the length of the journal;
In the three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed by taking a lower left corner at the back of the cube as an origin and three sides which are perpendicular to each other and start from the origin as x-axes, y-axes and z-axes, wherein the direction of the x-axes is the same as the axial direction of the shaft neck, the y-axis direction points to the front surface of the cube, the z-axis direction points to the upper surface of the cube, and the cube is positioned at the first diagram limit of the three-dimensional coordinate system;
In the three-dimensional coordinate system, in the Z-Y section of any cube, if the distance from any plane coordinate to the target coordinate is smaller than or equal to a preset distance threshold value, reserving a volume pixel corresponding to the plane coordinate;
Based on the volume pixels, an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal is obtained.
In an embodiment, after determining a defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image based on the mapped position information and the defect shape, further comprising:
rendering the defect location to a first color by a rendering tool;
Rendering the rest of the positions in the ideal three-dimensional image to a second color and reducing the transparency of the rest of the positions.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a journal scanning system for a steam turbine rotor, which is applied to the method for detecting a journal defect of the steam turbine rotor in the first aspect, and includes a support member, a rail member, an ultrasonic probe, and a stepper;
The supporting component comprises a supporting bracket, a supporting base and a limiting piece, wherein the bottom end of the supporting bracket is fixed on the supporting component, and the upper end of the supporting bracket is provided with the limiting piece;
The guide rail component comprises an axial guide rail, a first annular guide rail and a second annular guide rail, wherein the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail pass through the through holes and the limiting piece, so that the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail encircle the outer side surface of the shaft neck of the end face accessory of the shaft neck, and the axial guide rail is arranged between the first annular guide rails of the two end faces of the shaft neck and is positioned above the surface of the shaft neck;
the stepper comprises an annular stepper and an axial stepper, the annular stepper is positioned in the first annular guide rail, and the axial stepper is connected with the axial guide rail;
The ultrasonic probe is connected with the axial stepper, and the distance between the center of the ultrasonic probe and the surface of the journal is less than a preset threshold.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for detecting a defect of a shaft neck of a steam turbine rotor, the device being applied to a shaft neck scanning system, the system including an annular guide rail and an axial guide rail, the annular guide rail surrounding an end surface of the shaft neck, the axial guide rail being parallel to an axial direction of the shaft neck and connected to an ultrasonic probe, the device comprising:
the ultrasonic probe is used for controlling the shaft neck to rotate along the annular guide rail and scanning the shaft neck through the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, so that each position information of the shaft neck in space is obtained;
The determination matrix module is used for constructing a journal position matrix according to the position information and determining a signal matrix according to ultrasonic signals received each time, wherein each element in the journal position matrix has a mapping relation with each element in the signal matrix;
A defect shape confirming module for confirming the shape of the defect according to the position information by a tensor quantization method;
The defect position determining module is used for constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal based on the size of the journal, acquiring position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold value in the signal matrix, and determining the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information and the defect shape;
And a defect volume determining module, configured to traverse each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image, count the number of defect positions, and determine the counted result as the defect volume of the journal.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to the first aspect when the processor executes the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor as described in the first aspect above.
The method and the device for detecting the journal defects of the steam turbine rotor and the electronic equipment have at least the following technical effects.
The ultrasonic probe is controlled to move in the axial direction of the journal through the axial track, the journal is controlled to select through the circumferential track, and in the rotation process of the journal and the moving process of the ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic probe is used for obtaining information of each position of the journal in space, so that the position of the ultrasonic probe in space can be obtained. And constructing an ideal three-dimensional model of the journal according to the size of the journal, and determining that the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold value through a signal matrix, and obtaining the position information of the ultrasonic signal mapped to the journal position matrix so as to determine the defect position in the journal. And determining the defect shape by a tensor quantization method, and accurately positioning the defect position in an ideal three-dimensional image according to the position information and the defect shape, so that the defect is accurately displayed in the three-dimensional image. And by traversing each volume pixel in the three-dimensional image and counting the number of defect positions, the volume of the defects in the journal can be determined according to the determined number, and the defect positions and the defect volumes can be accurately known through the three-dimensional image, so that a judging condition for overhauling can be provided.
The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more thorough understanding of the other features, objects, and advantages of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a journal scanning system for a steam turbine rotor, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a journal scanning system for a steam turbine rotor according to another exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a stepper according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of a circumferential stepper to a circumferential drive battery, according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of detecting journal defects of a steam turbine rotor according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a journal coordinate system shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional image of a cube shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of any Z-Y cross-section shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 9 is an idealized three-dimensional image of a journal shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the presence of a defect in the journal according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a journal defect detection device of a steam turbine rotor according to an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of an electronic device, according to an example embodiment.
In the above figures, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:
100. The device comprises a supporting component 4, a supporting bracket 5, a supporting base 9 and a limiting piece;
200. the guide rail component 7, the axial guide rail 6, the first annular guide rail 15 and the second annular guide rail;
300. A stepper, 11, an axial stepper, 12, an axial driving battery, 13, a circumferential stepper,
14. A circumferential drive battery;
8. The device comprises a lock nut 16, a journal 10, an ultrasonic probe 1, a processing terminal 2, a transmission line 3 and a turbine rotor.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present application.
It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and it is possible for those of ordinary skill in the art to apply the present application to other similar situations according to these drawings without inventive effort. Moreover, it should be appreciated that while such a development effort might be complex and lengthy, it would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, or manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, and thus should not be construed as having the benefit of this disclosure.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is to be expressly and implicitly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments of the application can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "a," "an," "the," and similar referents in the context of the application are not to be construed as limiting the quantity, but rather as singular or plural. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (elements) is not limited to only those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "connected," "coupled," and the like in connection with the present application are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The term "plurality" as used herein means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, "a and/or B" may indicate that a exists alone, a and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, as used herein, are merely distinguishing between similar objects and not representing a particular ordering of objects.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a journal scanning system of a steam turbine rotor according to an exemplary embodiment, and fig. 2 is a schematic view of a journal scanning system of a steam turbine rotor according to another exemplary embodiment, in which the two ends of the steam turbine rotor 3 are journals 16 as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the journals 16 are scanned by the journal scanning system in the journals 16 on one side. The journal scanning system of the steam turbine rotor includes a support part 100, a rail part 200, an ultrasonic probe 10, and a stepper 300. The support member 100 includes a support bracket 4, a support base 5 and a stopper 9, and the bottom end of the support bracket 4 is connected with the support base 5 such that the support bracket 4 is fixed to the support base 5. The upper end of the support bracket 4 is provided with a limiting piece 9. The rail member 200 includes an axial rail 7, a first annular rail 6 and a second annular rail 15. The first annular guide rail 6 and the second annular guide rail 15 are connected with the limiting piece 9 through holes on the two annular guide rails, and the two annular guide rails are fixed through the locking nut 8, so that the first annular guide rail 6 and the second annular guide rail 15 encircle the outer side face of the shaft journal near the end face of the shaft journal 16. The axial guide rail 7 is arranged between the two first annular guide rails 6 which surround the outer side surface of the journal 16 and are positioned above the surface of the journal, and the length of the axial guide rail 7 is the same as the length of the journal 16. Stepper 300 includes an annular stepper 13 and an axial stepper 11, the annular stepper 13 being located within the first annular guide rail 6. An axial stepper 13 is connected to the axial guide rail 7 and to the ultrasound probe 10 so that the ultrasound probe 10 follows the axial stepper 13. The distance between the center of the ultrasonic probe 10 and the journal surface is smaller than a preset threshold value so that the ultrasonic probe 10 is close to the journal surface, thereby ensuring the accuracy of detection.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of the stepper according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, with the loop stepper 13 located within the first annular guide rail 6. And the circumferential stepper 13 is connected with the circumferential driving battery 14 to supply power to the circumferential stepper 13 through the circumferential driving battery 14. An axial stepper 11 is located above the axial rail 7 and the axial stepper and 11 are connected to an axial drive battery 12 to provide power to the axial stepper 11 through the axial drive battery so that the axial stepper 11 carries the ultrasound probe 10 for movement on the axial rail 7. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing connection of the circumferential stepper with the circumferential driving battery according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the circumferential driving battery 14 and the circumferential stepper 13 are both located in the first circumferential guide rail 6, and the circumferential driving battery 14 is located at both sides of the circumferential stepper 13 to drive the circumferential stepper 13 to operate.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the journal scanning system of the steam turbine rotor further comprises a processing terminal 1, wherein the processing terminal 1 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe 10 through a transmission line 2 so as to transmit an ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic probe 10 to the processing terminal 1 for processing.
The journal scanning system of the steam turbine rotor mounts the rail member 200 on the journal 16 of the steam turbine rotor through the supporting member 100, and controls the rotation of the journal 16 through the circumferential stepper 13, and the axial stepper 11 moves on the axial rail 7 so that the ultrasonic probe 10 scans the journal 16 by 360 °.
Based on the above situation, the embodiment of the application provides a method for detecting the defect of the shaft neck of a steam turbine rotor.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor, and fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to an exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 5, the method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor includes:
And S101, controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail, and when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, controlling the journal to rotate along the annular guide rail and scanning the journal through the ultrasonic probe to obtain information of each position of the journal in space.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a journal coordinate system according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, with the center of the end face of the journal as the origin, the axial direction of the journal as the x-axis, and the x-axis direction being the positive direction of the x-axis from the high pressure side to the low pressure side of the turbine rotor, and rotating the x-axis 90 ° clockwise in the horizontal plane, determining the y-axis and the positive direction of the y-axis, constructing the journal coordinate system with the z-axis perpendicular to the x-y plane, and determining the coordinates of each spatial position of the journal under the journal coordinate system.
In addition, parameters of the axial stepper and the circumferential stepper are required to be set, wherein the parameters of the axial stepper are a first preset step length and are the total number of steps of movement in the axial guide rail. The parameter of the annular stepper is a second preset step length, which is the total step number of one circle of the scanning journal.
And controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail through the axial stepper based on the first preset step length. When the axial stepper is positioned at any position of the axial guide rail on the axial guide rail, determining the abscissa of each spatial position of the journal according to the position of the ultrasonic probe on the axial guide rail, the first preset step length and the length of the axial guide rail. For example, the length of the axial guide rail is L 1, the first preset step size is step_bar, the axial stepper walks n di steps on the axial guide rail, and the axial data is n di*L1/step_bar. The abscissa of each spatial position of the journal, i.e. f x=round(ndi*L1/step_bar, is determined from the axial data, where f x is the abscissa of the spatial position, round is a rounding function, step_bar is the first preset step size.
When the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, the shaft neck is controlled to rotate from the initial position through the annular stepper according to a second preset step length by half a circle in a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction respectively. When the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, the journal is controlled by the annular stepper to rotate 180 degrees clockwise from the initial position, then the journal is reset to the initial position, the journal is controlled by the annular stepper to rotate 180 degrees anticlockwise from the initial position, then the journal is reset to the initial position, and one rotation of the journal is completed.
And in the rotation process of the journal, the ultrasonic probe scans the journal to obtain the detection distance of the journal, and the depth coordinate and the ordinate of each spatial position of the journal are determined based on the second preset step length and the detection distance.
In the rotation process of the journal, the ultrasonic probe scans the journal to obtain an ultrasonic signal reflected from the journal, and then the detection distance is determined. And determining the circumferential data of each spatial position based on the second preset step length and the actual step length. And based on the circumferential data. Based on the detection distance and the circumferential data, a depth coordinate and an ordinate of each spatial position of the journal are determined. For example, the detection distance is DR, the second preset step length is step_circle, and the angle of the scanning shaft neck of the circumferential stepper is n cj x 360 degrees/step_circle when the circumferential stepper actually walks n cj steps. During the clockwise rotation, the circumferential data is n cj x 360 °/step_circle. During the counter-clockwise rotation, the circumferential data is 360 ° -ncj x 360 °/step_circle.
Determining the depth coordinate and the ordinate of each spatial position of the journal according to the circumferential data, wherein if the rotation direction is clockwise, the depth coordinate is f z=DRij+cos(ncj x 360 degrees/step_circle, f z is the depth coordinate, DR ij is the detection distance, n cj is the step size of the circumferential stepper, step_circle is the second preset step size, and the ordinate is f y=DRij+DRij*sin(ncj x 360 degrees/step_circle), f y is the ordinate, DR ij is the detection distance, n cj is the step size of the circumferential stepper, and step_circle is the second preset step size.
And obtaining each position information of the journal in the space according to the abscissa, the ordinate and the depth coordinate.
And determining an abscissa at the position of the ultrasonic probe on the axial guide rail, and determining a depth coordinate and an ordinate of each spatial position of the journal at the abscissa, so as to obtain each position information of each journal in space.
The axial stepper, the circumferential stepper and the ultrasonic probe scan the journal to obtain the position information of each spatial position of the journal, and a basis is provided for subsequent defect analysis.
And S102, constructing a journal position matrix according to the position information, and determining a signal matrix according to the ultrasonic signals received each time, wherein a mapping relation exists between each element in the journal position matrix and each element in the signal matrix.
And constructing a journal position matrix according to the position information, wherein each position element in the journal position matrix maps a three-dimensional image of the journal in space.
Based on the information of each position in the journal, the ultrasonic probe receives the ultrasonic signals returned by each spatial position, the depth detected by the ultrasonic probe in the journal is determined according to the ultrasonic signals, and a signal matrix is constructed according to the depth. Wherein, each element in the journal position matrix has a mapping relationship with each element in the signal matrix, for example, the journal position matrix is: the signal matrix is: In the journal position matrix, the signal corresponding to the first spatial position (fx 1, fy1, fz 1) is db1, and the signal corresponding to the second spatial position (fx 2, fy2, fz 2) is db2, i.e. the ultrasonic signal uniquely mapped for each spatial position in the journal position matrix.
And establishing a mapping relation between the two matrixes through the journal position matrix and the signal matrix, and providing a premise for subsequent determination and confirmation.
Step S103, determining the shape of the defect according to the position information through a tensor quantization method.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining position information of defects in a journal through position information obtained by an ultrasonic probe, obtaining defect length through a quantization method of a growth tensor based on the position information of the defects, and specifically meeting the following formula:
Wherein, the Is the tensor, V m is the initial volume of the defect,Is the geometric center coordinate of the ith voxel in the alpha direction,Is the geometric center coordinate of the defect in the a-direction,Is the geometric center coordinate of the ith voxel in the beta direction,Is the geometric center coordinate of the defect in the beta direction, and the alpha direction and the beta direction are any two directions of x, y and z directions.
The tensor of the defect is obtained as a matrix through the tensor formula, and three characteristic values of the tensor of the defect are obtained, wherein the three characteristic values comprise R1, R2 and R3. Based on the three eigenvalues, constructing an elliptic sphere to characterize the initial shape of the defect, thus obtaining lengths of the elliptic sphere in three mutually perpendicular directions in space, wherein the length obtaining mode is as follows:、 And Where a is the length in the x-axis direction, b is the length in the y-axis direction, and c is the length in the z-axis direction.
After determining the length of the defect in space, the shape of the defect needs to be determined according to the elongation index, the flattening index, and the sphericity. The elongation index is used for representing the slender degree of the shapes of the ellipsoids and the irregular objects, the flattening index is used for representing the flattening degree of the ellipsoids and the irregular objects, and the sphericity represents the degree of approximation of the ellipsoids to the spheres. After obtaining lengths in different directions, calculating elongation indexes, flattening indexes and sphericity of the defects, wherein the specific requirements are as follows:
Elongation index ei=b/a, where EI is the elongation index, b is the length in the y-axis direction, and a is the length in the x-axis direction. The smaller the elongation index, the more elongated the shape of the defect is characterized.
Flattening index fi=c/b, where FI is the degree of flattening, b is the length in the y-axis direction, and c is the length in the z-axis direction. The smaller the flattening index, the flatter the defect is characterized.
Sphericity degree: Where R i,Rj is the eigenvector of the tensor. When S 1 is closer to 1, the defect approximates a sphere.
In one embodiment, the preliminary volume of the defect is determined to be 1000×100×100 by the positional information obtained by the ultrasonic probe, and the lengths in three directions in space are a=645, b=32, c=32, respectively, and the figure index is determined to be 0.05 and the figure index is 1. And the eigenvalues of tensors are 8334, 209 and 20 respectively, so that the sphericity is determined to be 0.01, and the shape of the defect can be determined to be a bar defect.
According to the tensor quantization method, the shape of the defect in the journal can be preliminarily determined, a basis is provided for subsequent defect reconstruction, and the reconstruction accuracy can be improved.
Step S104, constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal based on the size of the journal, if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold in the signal matrix, acquiring the position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal, and determining the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information and the defect shape.
Based on the end radius of the journal and the length of the journal, a three-dimensional image of the cube is constructed. For example, if the end radius of the journal is R and the length of the journal is L, a cube having a width of 2R, a height of 2R, and a length of L is constructed, and a three-dimensional image of the cube is obtained.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional image of a cube according to an exemplary embodiment, in which a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with a lower left corner of the rear of the cube as an origin and three sides perpendicular to each other from the origin as x-axes, y-axes and z-axes, wherein the x-axes are oriented in the same direction as the axis of the journal, the y-axes are oriented toward the front of the cube, the z-axes are oriented toward the top of the cube, and the cube is located at the first trigonometric limit of the three-dimensional coordinate system, as shown.
In the three-dimensional coordinate system, in any Z-Y section of the cube, if the distance from any plane coordinate to the target coordinate is smaller than or equal to a preset distance threshold value, the volume pixel corresponding to the plane coordinate is reserved. The target coordinates are determined according to the circle center of the end face of the shaft neck and the radius of the end face of the shaft neck. The preset distance threshold is the radius of the end face of the journal.
In one embodiment, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of any Z-Y section shown in an exemplary embodiment, where as shown in fig. 8, the target coordinates are (R, R), that is, the center of the journal end, and if the distance between any plane coordinate (Y, Z) and the target coordinates (R, R) satisfies (Z-R) 2+（Y-R）2≤R2, the volume pixel corresponding to the plane coordinate is reserved.
Based on the retained volume pixels, an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal is obtained. The ideal three-dimensional image of the journal is the same stereo image as the actual journal, both being the same in radius, length and axial direction. FIG. 9 is an idealized three-dimensional image of a journal shown according to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, spatially representing a cylinder. And constructing a journal coordinate system on the ideal three-dimensional image, taking the center of the end face of the journal in the ideal three-dimensional image as an origin, taking the axial direction of the journal as an x-axis, rotating the x-axis clockwise by 90 degrees on the horizontal plane where the x-axis is positioned to obtain a y-axis, forming an x-y plane, and taking the direction vertical to the x-y plane and upwards as a z-axis.
In the journal coordinate system, with continued reference to step S104, the amplitude of each ultrasonic signal in the signal matrix is compared with a preset threshold, and if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is greater than the preset threshold, the ultrasonic signal is determined to be the signal of the defect position. And determining corresponding position information in the journal position matrix according to the ultrasonic signals based on the mapping relation between the signal matrix and the journal position matrix. Based on the defect shape and the position information determined in the journal position matrix, a spatial position in the ideal three-dimensional image that coincides with the position information is determined as a defect position. Because the ideal three-dimensional image of the journal is the same as the actual journal, the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image is the defect actually existing in the actual journal. And the position of the defect in the ideal three-dimensional image can be mapped more accurately according to the shape of the defect. Optionally, the preset threshold is 2R. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the presence of a defect in a journal, as shown in FIG. 10, showing the location of the defect in an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal, the location of the defect being shown as a hole, according to an exemplary embodiment.
The method has the advantages that the ideal three-dimensional model of the journal is constructed, the journal is visualized, and the position of the defect in the ideal three-dimensional model is determined through the journal position matrix and the signal matrix, so that the accurate positioning of the journal defect is realized.
Step S105, traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image, counting the number of defect positions, and determining the counted result as the defect volume of the journal.
An ideal three-dimensional image is made up of several volume pixels, which also differ in size at different resolutions. For example, in high resolution, the size of the volume pixels can be small, up to sub-millimeter, and thus have high precision positioning. While in low resolution the size of the volumetric image will be larger. Thus, based on the known number of pixel volumes, determining the volume in the ideal three-dimensional image is obtained from the size of the pixel volumes and the number of pixel volumes.
With continued reference to step S105, the volume of the defect is determined from the result of the statistics by traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional map image and counting the number of defect locations.
In one embodiment, the ideal three-dimensional image is comprised of 10000 volumetric pixels, and each volumetric pixel has a size of 0.1mm by 0.1mm. The number of volume pixels at the defect location in the ideal three-dimensional image is 400, the volume of the defect is v=400×0.1×0.1×0.1, i.e. v=0.4 mm 3.
The defect volume on the journal can be determined by counting the volume pixels, so that further defect content can be determined according to the size of the volume and a maintenance plan can be formulated by utilizing the defect content.
Further, after determining the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information in step S104, it further includes:
In an ideal three-dimensional image, the defective locations are rendered to a first color, the remaining non-defective locations are rendered to a second color, and the transparency of the remaining non-defective locations is reduced by a 3D rendering technique. For example, the defective locations are rendered red, i.e. the voxel areas are assigned a color (255, 0), the remaining non-defective locations are rendered blue, i.e. the voxel areas are assigned a color (0,0,255), and the transparency of the non-defective areas is reduced, e.g. to 50% of the original transparency.
The defect position and the non-defect position in the ideal three-dimensional model of the journal are obviously distinguished through a 3D rendering technology, the defect position and the non-defect position are distinguished through different colors, the defect in the ideal three-dimensional model is highlighted through reducing the transparency of the non-defect position, the type and the defect degree of the defect can be further distinguished, and a reasonable overhaul decision is further made.
In one embodiment, in constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal, a corresponding matrix of the three-dimensional image is determined from the three-dimensional image of the cube, and voxel values are assigned to 0. In any Z-Y section, volume pixels with the distance from any plane coordinate to the target coordinate smaller than or equal to a preset distance threshold value are met, the voxel value of the reserved volume pixels is assigned to be 1 in the matrix, and therefore an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal can be determined from the three-dimensional image of the cube. After determining the ideal three-dimensional image of the journal, traversing the signal matrix, determining that the ultrasonic signal in the signal matrix meets the condition that the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, determining that the current ultrasonic signal corresponds to the defect in the journal, for example, the preset threshold value is 2R, and determining that the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than or equal to 2R, and determining that the ultrasonic signal detects the defect of the journal. According to the mapping relation between the signal matrix and the journal position matrix, the position of the defect is determined in the journal position matrix, and the voxel value of the corresponding matrix is assigned to be 2 based on the position of the defect, so that the position of the defect can be displayed in an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal. And traversing the voxel values of the matrix, and counting the number of the voxel values of 2, so that the volume of the defect in the journal is determined according to the number of the final counted voxel values of 2.
In summary, according to the method for detecting the defects of the shaft neck of the steam turbine rotor, provided by the embodiment of the application, the shaft neck is scanned for 360 degrees through the shaft neck scanning system, and the coordinates of each spatial position of the shaft neck under the shaft neck coordinate system are determined, so that each spatial position of the shaft neck is primarily determined. The method comprises the steps of constructing a journal position matrix according to a determined position, constructing a signal matrix according to an ultrasonic signal, establishing a mapping relation between the two matrixes, determining the defect through the signal matrix, further determining the actual position of the defect through the mapping relation, realizing accurate positioning of the defect position in an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal according to the actual position, performing color rendering on the defect, realizing visualization on the defect, and realizing detail analysis on the defect. And counting defect positions in the ideal three-dimensional image, determining the defect volume according to the counting result so as to realize quantification of defects in the shaft neck, further analyzing the defects according to the positions and the defect volumes of the defects, providing key data support for service life evaluation of the turbine rotor, and making a maintenance plan of the turbine rotor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a journal defect detecting apparatus for a steam turbine rotor. Fig. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a journal defect detecting apparatus of a steam turbine rotor according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 11, the device is applied to a journal scanning system including an annular guide rail surrounding an end face of a journal and an axial guide rail parallel to an axial direction of the journal and connected to an ultrasonic probe, the device includes:
The ultrasonic probe is arranged at any position of the axial guide rail, and is used for controlling the shaft neck to rotate along the annular guide rail and scanning the shaft neck through the ultrasonic probe to obtain the position information of each shaft neck in space;
the system comprises a determination matrix module, a detection module and a control module, wherein the determination matrix module is used for constructing a journal position matrix according to position information and determining a signal matrix according to ultrasonic signals received each time, wherein a mapping relation exists between each element in the journal position matrix and each element in the signal matrix;
a defect shape confirming module for confirming the shape of the defect according to the position information by a tensor quantization method;
The defect position determining module is used for constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal based on the size of the journal, acquiring position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold value in the signal matrix, and determining the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information and the defect shape;
And the defect volume determining module is used for traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image, counting the number of defect positions and determining the counted result as the defect volume of the journal.
It should be noted that, the journal defect detecting device for a steam turbine rotor provided in this embodiment is used to implement the foregoing embodiment, and the description is omitted. As used above, the terms "module," "unit," "sub-unit," and the like may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. While the means described in the above embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, and fig. 12 is a block diagram of the electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 12, the electronic device may include a processor 81 and a memory 82 storing computer program instructions.
In particular, the processor 81 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or an Application SPECIFIC INTEGRATED Circuit (ASIC), or may be configured as one or more integrated circuits that implement embodiments of the present application.
Memory 82 may include, among other things, mass storage for data or instructions. By way of example, and not limitation, memory 82 may comprise a hard disk drive (HARD DISK DRIVE, abbreviated HDD), floppy disk drive, solid state drive (Solid STATE DRIVE, abbreviated SSD), flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or universal serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, abbreviated USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. The memory 82 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. The memory 82 may be internal or external to the data processing apparatus, where appropriate. In a particular embodiment, the memory 82 is a Non-Volatile (Non-Volatile) memory. In particular embodiments, memory 82 includes Read-Only Memory (ROM) and random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM). Where appropriate, the ROM may be a mask-programmed ROM, a programmable ROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory, abbreviated PROM), an erasable PROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, abbreviated EPROM), an electrically erasable PROM (ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROGRAMMABLE READ-Only Memory, abbreviated EEPROM), an electrically rewritable ROM (ELECTRICALLY ALTERABLE READ-Only Memory, abbreviated EAROM), or a FLASH Memory (FLASH), or a combination of two or more of these. The RAM may be a Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) or a dynamic Random-Access Memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory DRAM), where the DRAM may be a fast page mode dynamic Random-Access Memory (Fast Page Mode Dynamic Random Access Memory, FPMDRAM), an extended data output dynamic Random-Access Memory (Extended Date Out Dynamic Random Access Memory, EDODRAM), a synchronous dynamic Random-Access Memory (Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory, SDRAM), or the like, as appropriate.
Memory 82 may be used to store or cache various data files that need to be processed and/or communicated, as well as possible computer program instructions for execution by processor 81.
The processor 81 reads and executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory 82 to implement the journal defect detection method of any one of the steam turbine rotors of the above embodiments.
In one embodiment, the journal defect detection apparatus of the steam turbine rotor may further include a communication interface 83 and a bus 80. As shown in fig. 12, the processor 81, the memory 82, and the communication interface 83 are connected to each other via the bus 80 and perform communication with each other.
The communication interface 83 is used to enable communication between modules, devices, units and/or units in embodiments of the application. The communication interface 83 may also enable data communication with other components such as external devices, image/data acquisition devices, databases, external storage, and image/data processing workstations.
Bus 80 includes hardware, software, or both, that couple components of the journal defect detection device of the steam turbine rotor to one another. The Bus 80 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a Data Bus (Data Bus), an Address Bus (Address Bus), a Control Bus (Control Bus), an Expansion Bus (Expansion Bus), and a Local Bus (Local Bus). By way of example, and not limitation, bus 80 may include a graphics acceleration interface (ACCELERATED GRAPHICS Port, abbreviated as AGP) or other graphics Bus, an enhanced industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, abbreviated as EISA) Bus, a Front Side Bus (Front Side Bus, abbreviated as FSB), a HyperTransport (abbreviated as HT) interconnect, an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, abbreviated as ISA) Bus, a wireless bandwidth (InfiniBand) interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) Bus, a memory Bus, a micro channel architecture (Micro Channel Architecture, abbreviated as MCA) Bus, a peripheral component interconnect (PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT, abbreviated as PCI) Bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) Bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SERIAL ADVANCED Technology Attachment, abbreviated as SATA) Bus, a video electronics standards Association local (Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus, abbreviated as VLB) Bus, or other suitable Bus, or a combination of two or more of these. Bus 80 may include one or more buses, where appropriate. Although embodiments of the application have been described and illustrated with respect to a particular bus, the application contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a program which, when executed by a processor, implements the journal defect detection method of a steam turbine rotor provided in the first aspect.
More specifically, a readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a portable disk, hard disk, random access memory, read only memory, erasable programmable read only memory, optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In a possible embodiment, the invention may also be realized in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a terminal device to carry out the steps of carrying out the method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor provided in the first aspect, when said program product is run on the terminal device.
Wherein the program code for carrying out the invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, which program code may execute entirely on the user device, partly on the user device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user device and partly on the remote device or entirely on the remote device.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting a defect of a shaft neck of a steam turbine rotor, the method using a shaft neck scanning system including an ultrasonic probe, an annular guide rail surrounding an outer side surface of the shaft neck near an end surface of the shaft neck, and an axial guide rail parallel to an axial direction of the shaft neck and connected to the ultrasonic probe, the method comprising:
Controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail, and controlling the journal to rotate along the annular guide rail and scanning the journal through the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, so as to obtain each position information of the journal in space;
constructing a journal position matrix according to the position information, and determining a signal matrix according to ultrasonic signals received each time, wherein each element in the journal position matrix has a mapping relation with each element in the signal matrix;
determining the shape of the defect according to the position information by a quantization method of a gyratory tensor;
Based on the size of the shaft neck, constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the shaft neck, if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold in the signal matrix, acquiring position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal, and determining a defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information and the defect shape;
traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image, counting the number of the defect positions, and determining the counted result as the defect volume of the journal.
2. The method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises an axial stepper and a circumferential stepper, the controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail, controlling the journal to rotate and scanning the journal by the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, obtaining each positional information of the journal in space, comprising:
Constructing a journal coordinate system, wherein the journal coordinate system takes the center of a journal end surface as an origin, takes the journal axial direction as an x-axis, takes the direction from the high pressure side to the low pressure side of a steam turbine rotor as the positive direction of the x-axis, and rotates the x-axis clockwise by 90 degrees in the horizontal plane of the x-axis to determine the y-axis and the positive direction of the y-axis to be perpendicular to the x-axis The y-plane and the upward direction are determined as the z-axis;
controlling the ultrasonic probe to move on the axial guide rail through the axial stepper based on a first preset step length;
Determining the abscissa of each spatial position of the journal according to the position of the ultrasonic probe on the axial guide rail, the first preset step length and the length of the axial guide rail;
When the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, the journal is controlled to rotate for half a circle from the initial position according to the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction respectively through the annular stepper based on a second preset step length;
in the rotation process of the shaft neck, scanning the shaft neck through an ultrasonic probe to obtain a detection distance of the shaft neck, and determining a depth coordinate and an ordinate of each spatial position of the shaft neck based on the second preset step length and the detection distance;
and obtaining each piece of position information of the journal in space according to the abscissa, the ordinate and the depth coordinate.
3. The method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 2, wherein the determining a signal matrix from each received ultrasonic signal includes:
Based on each piece of position information, the ultrasonic probe receives an ultrasonic signal returned by each space position, and the depth detected by the ultrasonic probe in the journal is determined according to the ultrasonic signals;
And constructing a signal matrix according to the depth.
4. The method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, wherein the constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal based on the size of the journal comprises:
constructing a three-dimensional image of a cube based on the end face radius of the journal and the length of the journal;
In the three-dimensional image, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed by taking a lower left corner at the back of the cube as an origin and three sides which are perpendicular to each other and start from the origin as x-axes, y-axes and z-axes, wherein the direction of the x-axes is the same as the axial direction of the shaft neck, the y-axis direction points to the front surface of the cube, the z-axis direction points to the upper surface of the cube, and the cube is positioned at the first diagram limit of the three-dimensional coordinate system;
z of any cube in the three-dimensional coordinate system In the Y section, if the distance from any plane coordinate to the target coordinate is smaller than or equal to a preset distance threshold, reserving a volume pixel corresponding to the plane coordinate;
Based on the volume pixels, an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal is obtained.
5. The method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, further comprising, after said determining a defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image based on the mapped position information and the defect shape:
rendering the defect location to a first color by a rendering tool;
Rendering the rest of the positions in the ideal three-dimensional image to a second color and reducing the transparency of the rest of the positions.
6. A journal scanning system of a steam turbine rotor, which is used for realizing the method for detecting the journal defect of the steam turbine rotor according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the system comprises a supporting part, a guide rail part, an ultrasonic probe and a stepper;
The supporting component comprises a supporting bracket, a supporting base and a limiting piece, wherein the bottom end of the supporting bracket is fixed on the supporting component, and the upper end of the supporting bracket is provided with the limiting piece;
The guide rail component comprises an axial guide rail, a first annular guide rail and a second annular guide rail, wherein the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail are connected with the limiting piece through holes, so that the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail encircle the outer side surface of the shaft neck near the end surface of the shaft neck, and the axial guide rail is arranged between the first annular guide rail and the second annular guide rail and is positioned above the surface of the shaft neck;
the stepper comprises an annular stepper and an axial stepper, the annular stepper is positioned in the first annular guide rail, and the axial stepper is connected with the axial guide rail;
The ultrasonic probe is connected with the axial stepper, and the distance between the center of the ultrasonic probe and the surface of the shaft neck is smaller than a preset threshold value;
the system also comprises a processing terminal, wherein the processing terminal is electrically connected with the ultrasonic probe through a transmission line so as to transmit ultrasonic signals detected by the ultrasonic probe to the processing terminal for processing.
7. A device for detecting defects of a shaft neck of a steam turbine rotor, which is characterized in that the device adopts a shaft neck scanning system, the system comprises an annular guide rail and an axial guide rail, the annular guide rail surrounds the outer side surface of the shaft neck near the end surface of the shaft neck, the axial guide rail is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft neck and is connected with an ultrasonic probe, and the device comprises:
the ultrasonic probe is used for controlling the shaft neck to rotate along the annular guide rail and scanning the shaft neck through the ultrasonic probe when the ultrasonic probe is at any position of the axial guide rail, so that each position information of the shaft neck in space is obtained;
The determination matrix module is used for constructing a journal position matrix according to the position information and determining a signal matrix according to ultrasonic signals received each time, wherein each element in the journal position matrix has a mapping relation with each element in the signal matrix;
A defect shape confirming module, configured to confirm a defect shape according to the location information by using a quantization method of a gyrate tensor;
The defect position determining module is used for constructing an ideal three-dimensional image of the journal based on the size of the journal, acquiring position information mapped by the ultrasonic signal if the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal is larger than a preset threshold value in the signal matrix, and determining the defect position in the ideal three-dimensional image according to the mapped position information and the defect shape;
And the defect volume determining module is used for traversing each volume pixel in the ideal three-dimensional image, counting the number of the defect positions and determining the counted result as the defect volume of the journal.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method for detecting a journal defect of a steam turbine rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when the computer program is executed.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when executed by a processor, implements the journal defect detection method of a steam turbine rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| JP2010014582A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-21 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Ultrasonic flaw detecting method and ultrasonic flaw detector |
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| CN119624922A (en) * | 2024-12-02 | 2025-03-14 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Overhead transmission line defect detection method based on multi-scale feature fusion |
| CN120654366A (en) * | 2025-04-24 | 2025-09-16 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | Composite material damage prediction method based on mesomechanics and related equipment |
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| JP2010014582A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-21 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Ultrasonic flaw detecting method and ultrasonic flaw detector |
| CN118675033A (en) * | 2024-08-26 | 2024-09-20 | 浙江霖研精密科技有限公司 | Shape defect sample generation method, system and medium based on generation countermeasure network |
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