CN119321965A - In-situ testing device and method for rock body in hole - Google Patents

In-situ testing device and method for rock body in hole Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119321965A
CN119321965A CN202411432993.XA CN202411432993A CN119321965A CN 119321965 A CN119321965 A CN 119321965A CN 202411432993 A CN202411432993 A CN 202411432993A CN 119321965 A CN119321965 A CN 119321965A
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loading
hole
probe
measuring rod
rock mass
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李景涛
杨富强
崔建廷
白武
王兆锋
王志乾
胡昆鹏
李光柱
孟庆洲
房凯
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
Ordos Haohua Clean Coal Co Ltd
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
Ordos Haohua Clean Coal Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202411432993.XA priority Critical patent/CN119321965A/en
Publication of CN119321965A publication Critical patent/CN119321965A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/006—Measuring wall stresses in the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12—Pressure testing

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an in-situ testing device and method for a rock body in a hole, and belongs to the technical field of rock body testing. The testing device comprises a measuring rod, a hole wall fixing device, a hole wall loading device, a conveying rod and a control system, wherein the hole wall fixing device is arranged at two ends of the measuring rod respectively, the hole wall loading device is arranged in the middle of the measuring rod, one end of the measuring rod is connected with the conveying rod, and the hole wall fixing device and the hole wall loading device are both connected with the control system. According to the method, the multi-measuring-point rock mass test surrounding the hole periphery at a certain position in the drill hole can be realized, and the difference of stress states of the rock mass around the hole can be evaluated through the difference of the pressing-in characteristics of the double probes under the multi-angle test, so that the mechanical characteristics of the rock mass under different stress states can be identified.

Description

In-situ testing device and method for rock body in hole
Technical Field
The invention relates to an in-situ testing device and method for a rock body in a hole, and belongs to the technical field of rock body testing.
Background
Reasonable acquisition of the in-situ mechanical properties of the rock mass is an important premise for analysis of rock mass engineering problems, and the method for evaluating the rock mass properties by means of in-situ test in the drill hole has the characteristics of convenience in operation, strong applicability and the like, and has wide application prospects. The in-situ test in the hole has the important advantages that the mechanical state of the rock mass in the actual ground stress state can be reflected, and for the rock mass on the wall of the hole, the constraint stress states of the rock mass in the range of 360 degrees around the wall of the hole at the same position are different due to the different ground stress in all directions (the rock mass is continuously distributed from small to large in a period of 90 degrees), and the hole circumference stress distribution difference of the stress states of the rock mass can have important influence on the test result (the higher the constraint stress of the rock mass is, the higher the loaded fracture strength of the rock mass is).
When the characteristics of the rock mass of the hole wall are tested, the ground stress direction of the rock mass is cleared, and then the difference of stress states of the rock mass at different measuring points is cleared, which is an important precondition for reasonably analyzing the characteristics of the rock mass. In the prior art for testing rock in a hole, as disclosed in CN117147310a, in-situ test method and device for rock strength in a hole are not considered, the influence of in-situ stress on the test result caused by the difference of hole circumference is not considered, and when the prior test device is loaded in the hole, the hole wall on the other side is required to provide a supporting counter force, the counter force directly acts on the hole circumference near the measuring point, the stress state of the rock on the hole wall can be changed, further influence is brought to the test result, the supporting counter force of the test device also causes deformation of the rock on the hole wall, errors are brought to the displacement measurement in the test, and how to eliminate the influence of the supporting counter force of the test device on the test result is an important problem to be considered for improving the test precision. For this purpose, the present invention is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an in-situ test device for a rock body in a hole, which can realize multi-measuring point rock body test surrounding the hole periphery at a certain position in a drill hole, and further identify the mechanical properties of the rock body under different stress states by evaluating the difference of the stress states of the rock body around the hole through the difference of the pressing-in characteristics of double probes under the multi-angle test;
Meanwhile, the supporting counterforce can be prevented from directly acting on the hole wall during loading in the hole, the influence of the supporting counterforce on the stress state of the rock mass near the measuring point during testing can be effectively reduced, and the reverse displacement of the supporting end can also realize accurate testing, so that the displacement recorded by the displacement sensor of the device is corrected, the true rock mass pressing-in displacement (the total displacement of the extending probe minus the displacement of the supporting end is the true displacement of the pressing-in of the probe into the rock mass) can be ensured, and the test and evaluation of the mechanical properties of the rock mass under different stress states can be realized more accurately.
The invention also provides a testing method of the in-situ testing device for the rock body in the hole.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides an in-situ testing device of rock body in hole, includes measuring stick, pore wall fixing device, pore wall loading device, conveying rod and control system, and wherein, measuring stick both ends are provided with pore wall fixing device respectively, and the measuring stick middle part is provided with pore wall loading device, and measuring stick one end is connected with the conveying rod, and pore wall fixing device and pore wall loading device all are connected with control system.
According to the invention, the hole wall fixing device comprises a fixing block, a contact support and a hydraulic rod A, wherein the fixing block is a hollow annular block, the inner ring of the fixing block is fixed on the measuring rod through a bearing, and the outer ring of the fixing block is uniformly provided with arc-shaped contact supports through the hydraulic rod A.
According to the invention, the hole wall loading device comprises a loading block, a loading probe and a hydraulic rod B, wherein the loading block is a hollow annular block, an inner ring of the loading block is fixed on the measuring rod, and 2 loading probes are arranged in the loading block through the hydraulic rod B.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, 2 loading probes are arranged at 90 °.
According to the invention, a displacement sensor is preferably arranged in the loading block at one side of the loading probe.
According to the invention, preferably, 2 strain gauges are respectively arranged on the measuring rods at the upper side and the lower side of the hole wall loading device, the strain gauges are positioned at the back sides of the loading probes, namely, the 2 strain gauges at the upper side of the hole wall loading device are positioned at the back sides of the 2 loading probes, 1 strain gauge corresponds to the back sides of the 1 loading probe, and the 2 strain gauges at the lower side of the hole wall loading device are also arranged.
According to the invention, the hydraulic rod A and the hydraulic rod B are connected with a hydraulic transmission system through flexible hydraulic pipes, and the flexible hydraulic pipes adopt the combination design of coiling and embedding at the outer side of the measuring rod, so that interference to rotation of the measuring rod is avoided.
According to the invention, the displacement sensor, the strain gauge and the loading probe are all connected with a control system through data acquisition lines.
The testing method of the in-situ testing device for the rock body in the hole comprises the following steps:
(1) Drilling holes in the underground rock mass, conveying the testing device into the position of the depth to be tested in the holes by using a conveying rod, extending a hydraulic rod A, extending a contact support, and enabling the contact support to be in contact with and tightly pressed against the inner wall of the rock mass;
(2) After compaction, the strain values of 4 strain gauges of the measuring rod are read, when all the readings are 0, the measuring rod is indicated to be centered, otherwise, the contact support is relieved and retracted, and then centering is carried out again;
(3) The hydraulic rod B is elongated and loaded, 2 loading probes in the hole wall loading device are controlled to be pressed into the hole wall rock mass at the same time, the displacement sensor records the displacement of the 2 loading probes, the reading of a strain gauge on the measuring rod is monitored in the pressing process of the loading probes, the deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the opposite direction of the 2 pressing is obtained through inversion, namely the reverse deformation of a supporting end in the loading process is obtained, and the real displacement of the 2 loading probes is obtained through calculation;
(4) Reading real-time pressure data of the loading probes, drawing a relation curve of the pressing-in load and the real pressing-in displacement of the 2 loading probes in the pressing-in process, and calculating the ratio of a peak value of the pressing-in load of the curve to the corresponding real pressing-in displacement to obtain loading rigidity K of the loading probes;
(5) Releasing pressure to separate the loading probe from the hole wall, rotating the measuring rod, repeating the steps (2) - (4) after rotating for a certain angle to obtain loading rigidity K under multiple angles, calculating and drawing a relation curve of the difference value of the loading rigidity of the 2 loading probe pressing-in curves under different angles and the rotation angle theta, wherein the constraint stress of the hole wall rock body in two main stress directions respectively reaches the maximum value and the minimum value, and when the two probes are respectively parallel to the two main stress directions, the obtained testing result has the maximum difference, so that the corresponding rotation angle theta is the main stress direction of the ground stress when the difference value of the loading rigidity is the maximum value;
(6) And when the loading angle corresponding to the main stress direction is extracted for testing, the loading rigidity of the 2 loading probes is evaluated, and the rock strength characteristic is evaluated based on the loading rigidity of the 2 loading probes, wherein the large value is the rock strength corresponding to the high constraint stress, and the small value is the rock strength corresponding to the low constraint stress.
According to the invention, in the step (3), the deformation displacement inversion calculation process of the measuring rod in the opposite direction of 2 pressing-in is as follows:
Wherein delta 2 is deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the reverse pressing direction, epsilon is a strain value recorded by the strain gauge, l is the length of the measuring rod, r is the radius of the measuring rod, and k is a checking coefficient.
Before the device starts to be used, the accurate bending deformation of the measuring rod is obtained in a laboratory through loading the measuring rod (applying concentrated load at the position of a loading probe), and the value of the parameter k is checked through comparison with the calculated value of the formula (1).
According to the invention, in the step (3), 2 loading probes are set as a loading probe a and a loading probe b, and the actual displacement calculation process of the 2 loading probes is as follows:
Wherein: And The extension displacement of the loading probe a and the extension displacement of the loading probe b are recorded by the displacement sensor respectively;
And The deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the opposite pressing direction of the loading probe a and the loading probe b is calculated by using the formula (1);
Delta a and delta b are the true displacements of loading probe a and loading probe b, respectively.
According to the invention, in the step (4), the calculation formula of the loading stiffness K is:
Wherein P max is the peak value of the pressing load, and delta max is the actual pressing displacement corresponding to the peak value of the pressing load.
According to the present invention, in the step (5), the loading stiffness difference calculation formula is:
|ΔK|=Ka-Kb (5)
Wherein, K a and K b are the loading stiffness of the loading probe a and the loading probe b calculated by the formula (4), respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the method, the multi-measuring-point rock mass characteristic test surrounding the hole periphery at a certain position in the drill hole can be realized, and the difference of the press-in characteristics of the double-loading probes under the multi-angle test is used for evaluating the difference of the stress states of the rock mass around the hole, so that the mechanical characteristics of the rock mass under different stress states can be identified;
2. the invention can avoid the support reaction force directly acting on the hole wall when in hole loading, effectively reduce the influence of the support reaction force on the stress state of the rock mass near the measuring point when in test, and ensure that the test result can better reflect the in-situ stress state of the rock mass of the hole wall.
3. The invention can realize accurate test of the reverse displacement of the support end, thereby correcting the probe displacement recorded by the displacement sensor of the device and ensuring that the actual rock mass pressing displacement can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hole wall fixing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hole wall loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hole wall loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a multi-angle loading schematic diagram of the hole wall of the invention, wherein a and b represent the positions of 2 loading probes before rotation, and a 'and b' represent the positions of 2 loading probes after rotation;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the difference in the hole perimeter loading stiffness versus the rotation angle θ of the present invention;
The device comprises a measuring rod 1, a hole wall fixing device 2, a hole wall loading device 3, a loading probe 4, a contact support 5, a displacement sensor 6, a conveying rod 7, a bearing 8, a bearing 9, a strain gauge 10, a flexible hydraulic pipe 11, a hydraulic transmission system 12, a control system 13, a data acquisition line 14, a fixed block 15 and a loading block.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by way of example, but not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides an in-situ testing device for rock in a hole, which comprises a measuring rod 1, a hole wall fixing device 2, a hole wall loading device 3, a conveying rod 7 and a control system 12, wherein the two ends of the measuring rod 1 are respectively provided with the hole wall fixing device 2, the middle part of the measuring rod 1 is provided with the hole wall loading device 3, one end of the measuring rod 1 is connected with the conveying rod 7, and the hole wall fixing device 2 and the hole wall loading device 3 are both connected with the control system 12.
The hole wall fixing device 2 comprises a fixing block 14, a contact support 5 and a hydraulic rod A, wherein the fixing block 14 is a hollow annular block, the inner ring of the fixing block 14 is fixed on the measuring rod 1 through a bearing 8, and the outer ring of the fixing block 14 is uniformly provided with the arc-shaped contact support 5 through the hydraulic rod A.
The hole wall loading device 3 comprises a loading block 15, a loading probe 4 and a hydraulic rod B, wherein the loading block 15 is a hollow annular block, the inner ring of the loading block 15 is fixed on the measuring rod 1,2 loading probes 4 are arranged in the loading block through the hydraulic rod B, and the 2 loading probes 4 are arranged at 90 degrees.
A displacement sensor 6 is arranged in a loading block 15 at one side of the loading probe 4.
The measuring rod 1 on the upper side and the lower side of the hole wall loading device 3 is respectively provided with 2 strain gauges 9, the strain gauges 9 are positioned on the back side of the loading probe 4, namely, the 2 strain gauges 9 on the upper side of the hole wall loading device 3 are positioned on the back side of the 2 loading probes 4, 2 loading probes are set to be a loading probe a and a loading probe b,1 strain gauge corresponds to the back side of the loading probe a, the other 1 strain gauge corresponds to the back side of the loading probe b, and the 2 strain gauges 9 on the lower side of the hole wall loading device are also arranged.
The hydraulic rod A and the hydraulic rod B are connected with a hydraulic transmission system 11 through a flexible hydraulic pipe 10, and the flexible hydraulic pipe adopts the design of combination of coiling and embedding of the outer side of the measuring rod, so that interference to rotation of the measuring rod is avoided.
The displacement sensor 6, the strain gauge 9 and the loading probe 4 are all connected with a control system 12 through a data acquisition line 13.
The testing method of the in-situ testing device for the rock body in the hole comprises the following steps:
(1) Drilling holes in the underground rock mass, conveying the testing device into the position of the depth to be tested in the holes by using a conveying rod 7, extending a hydraulic rod A, extending a contact support 5, and enabling the contact support 5 to be in contact with the inner wall of the rock mass and compacting;
(2) After compaction, the strain values of the 4 strain gauges 9 on the measuring rod 1 are read, when all the readings are 0, the measuring rod 1 is centered, otherwise, the contact support 5 is relieved and retracted, and then the centering is carried out again;
(3) The hydraulic rod B is elongated and loaded, 2 loading probes 4 in the hole wall loading device 3 are controlled to press the hole wall rock mass simultaneously, the displacement sensor 6 records the displacement of 2 loading probes, the reading of the strain gauge 9 on the measuring rod 1 is monitored in the pressing process of the loading probes 4, the inversion obtains the deformation displacement of the measuring rod 1 in the 2 pressing reverse directions, namely the reverse deformation of the supporting end in the loading process, and the calculating process is as follows:
Wherein delta 2 is deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the reverse pressing direction, epsilon is a strain value recorded by the strain gauge, l is the length of the measuring rod, r is the radius of the measuring rod, and k is a checking coefficient;
Before the device starts to be used, the accurate bending deformation of the measuring rod is obtained in a laboratory by loading the measuring rod (applying concentrated load at the position of a loading probe), and the value of the parameter k is checked by comparing the accurate bending deformation with the calculated value of the formula (1);
Setting 2 loading probes 4 as a loading probe a and a loading probe b, wherein the actual displacement calculation process of the 2 loading probes 4 is as follows:
Wherein: And The extension displacement of the loading probe a and the extension displacement of the loading probe b are recorded by the displacement sensor respectively;
And The deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the opposite pressing direction of the loading probe a and the loading probe b is calculated by using the formula (1);
Delta a and delta b are the true displacements of loading probe a and loading probe b, respectively;
(4) Reading real-time pressure data of the loading probes, drawing a relation curve of the pressing-in load and the real pressing-in displacement of the 2 loading probes in the pressing-in process, and calculating the ratio of a peak value of the pressing-in load of the curve to the corresponding real pressing-in displacement to obtain the loading rigidity K of the loading probes:
wherein P max is a pressing-in load peak value, and delta max is a real pressing-in displacement corresponding to the pressing-in load peak value;
(5) Releasing pressure to separate the loading probe from the hole wall, rotating the measuring rod, rotating a certain angle, repeating the steps (2) - (4) to obtain loading rigidity K under multiple angles, and calculating and drawing a relation curve between a difference value |delta K| of loading rigidity of 2 loading probe pressing-in curves under different angles and a rotation angle theta, as shown in fig. 6:
|ΔK|=Ka-Kb (5)
Wherein, K a and K b are respectively the loading rigidity of the loading probe a and the loading probe b obtained by calculation by using the formula (4);
Considering that the constraint stress of the hole wall rock mass respectively reaches the maximum value and the minimum value in the two main stress directions, when the two probes are respectively parallel to the two main stress directions, the difference of the obtained test results is the largest, so that the corresponding rotation angle theta is the main stress direction of the ground stress when the difference of the loading rigidity is the maximum value;
(6) And when the loading angle corresponding to the main stress direction is extracted for testing, the loading rigidity of the 2 loading probes is evaluated, and the rock strength characteristic is evaluated based on the loading rigidity of the 2 loading probes, wherein the large value is the rock strength corresponding to the high constraint stress, and the small value is the rock strength corresponding to the low constraint stress.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of this invention, which is also intended to be within the scope of this invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种孔内岩体原位测试装置，其特征在于，包括测量杆、孔壁固定装置、孔壁加载装置、输送杆和控制系统，其中，测量杆两端分别设置有孔壁固定装置，测量杆中部设置有孔壁加载装置，测量杆一端连接有输送杆，孔壁固定装置和孔壁加载装置均连接有控制系统；1. An in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device, characterized in that it comprises a measuring rod, a hole wall fixing device, a hole wall loading device, a conveying rod and a control system, wherein the hole wall fixing devices are respectively arranged at both ends of the measuring rod, the hole wall loading device is arranged in the middle of the measuring rod, one end of the measuring rod is connected to the conveying rod, and the hole wall fixing device and the hole wall loading device are both connected to the control system; 孔壁固定装置包括固定块、接触支座和液压杆A，固定块为中空环形块，固定块内环通过轴承固定于测量杆，固定块外环上通过液压杆A均布设置有弧形的接触支座。The hole wall fixing device includes a fixing block, a contact support and a hydraulic rod A. The fixing block is a hollow annular block. The inner ring of the fixing block is fixed to the measuring rod through a bearing. The outer ring of the fixing block is evenly provided with arc-shaped contact supports through the hydraulic rod A. 2.如权利要求1所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置，其特征在于，孔壁加载装置包括加载块、加载探头和液压杆B，加载块为中空环形块，加载块内环固定于测量杆，加载块内通过液压杆B设置有2个加载探头。2. The in-hole rock in-situ testing device as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the hole wall loading device includes a loading block, a loading probe and a hydraulic rod B, the loading block is a hollow annular block, the inner ring of the loading block is fixed to the measuring rod, and two loading probes are arranged in the loading block through the hydraulic rod B. 3.如权利要求2所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置，其特征在于，2个加载探头呈90°设置。3. The in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the two loading probes are arranged at 90°. 4.如权利要求3所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置，其特征在于，加载探头一侧的加载块内设置有位移传感器。4. The in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device as described in claim 3 is characterized in that a displacement sensor is provided in the loading block on one side of the loading probe. 5.如权利要求4所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置，其特征在于，孔壁加载装置上侧和下侧的测量杆上分别设置有2个应变片，应变片位于加载探头的背侧。5. The in-situ testing device for rock mass in a hole as described in claim 4 is characterized in that two strain gauges are respectively provided on the measuring rods on the upper and lower sides of the hole wall loading device, and the strain gauges are located on the back side of the loading probe. 6.如权利要求5所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置，其特征在于，液压杆A和液压杆B通过柔性液压管连接有液压传动系统。6. The in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that the hydraulic rod A and the hydraulic rod B are connected by a hydraulic transmission system through a flexible hydraulic pipe. 7.如权利要求6所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置的测试方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：7. The testing method of the in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the steps are as follows: (1)在地下岩体内部钻孔，利用输送杆将测试装置送入孔中待测深度位置处，液压杆A伸长，将接触支座伸出，使接触支座与岩体内壁接触并压紧；(1) Drill a hole inside the underground rock mass, use a delivery rod to send the test device into the hole to the depth to be tested, extend the hydraulic rod A, extend the contact support, and make the contact support contact and press against the inner wall of the rock mass; (2)压紧后读取测量杆4个应变片的应变值，当所有读数均为0时，表明测量杆已对中，否则，将接触支座卸压收回后重新进行对中；(2) After tightening, read the strain values of the four strain gauges on the measuring rod. When all readings are 0, it indicates that the measuring rod has been centered. Otherwise, unload the contact support and re-center it. (3)液压杆B伸长加载，控制孔壁加载装置中2个加载探头同时压入孔壁岩体，位移传感器记录2个加载探头位移，加载探头压入过程中，监测测量杆上应变片的读数，反演得到测量杆在2个压入反方向的变形位移，并计算得到2个加载探头的真实位移；(3) The hydraulic rod B is extended and loaded to control the two loading probes in the hole wall loading device to be pressed into the hole wall rock mass at the same time. The displacement sensor records the displacement of the two loading probes. During the pressing process of the loading probes, the reading of the strain gauge on the measuring rod is monitored, and the deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the two opposite directions of the pressing is obtained by inversion, and the true displacement of the two loading probes is calculated; (4)读取加载探头的实时压力数据，绘制压入过程中2个加载探头的压入载荷与真实压入位移的关系曲线，计算曲线压入载荷峰值与对应的真实压入位移的比值，得到加载探头加载刚度K；(4) Read the real-time pressure data of the loading probe, draw the relationship curve between the pressing load and the real pressing displacement of the two loading probes during the pressing process, calculate the ratio of the pressing load peak value of the curve to the corresponding real pressing displacement, and obtain the loading stiffness K of the loading probe; (5)卸压使加载探头回缩与孔壁脱离，转动测量杆，旋转一定角度后重复步骤(2)-(4)，得到多角度下的加载刚度K，计算并绘制不同角度下2个加载探头压入曲线的加载刚度的差值与旋转角度θ关系曲线，加载刚度的差值取最大值时对应的旋转角度θ为地应力的主应力方向；(5) Unload the pressure to make the loading probe retract and separate from the hole wall, rotate the measuring rod, and repeat steps (2) to (4) after rotating it for a certain angle to obtain the loading stiffness K at multiple angles. Calculate and draw the relationship curve between the difference in loading stiffness and the rotation angle θ of the two loading probe compression curves at different angles. The rotation angle θ corresponding to the maximum value of the loading stiffness difference is the principal stress direction of the ground stress. (6)提取对应于主应力方向的加载角度测试时，2个加载探头压的加载刚度，基于2个加载探头的加载刚度评估岩体强度特性。(6) The loading stiffness of the two loading probes during the loading angle test corresponding to the principal stress direction is extracted, and the strength characteristics of the rock mass are evaluated based on the loading stiffness of the two loading probes. 8.如权利要求7所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置的测试方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，测量杆在2个压入反方向的变形位移反演计算过程为：8. The testing method of the in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, in step (3), the inversion calculation process of the deformation displacement of the measuring rod in two opposite directions of pressing is: 式中：δ2为测量杆在压入反方向的变形位移，ε为应变片记录的应变值，l为测量杆的长度，r为测量杆的半径，k为校核系数。Where: δ2 is the deformation displacement of the measuring rod in the opposite direction of pressing, ε is the strain value recorded by the strain gauge, l is the length of the measuring rod, r is the radius of the measuring rod, and k is the calibration coefficient. 9.如权利要求8所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置的测试方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，设定2个加载探头为加载探头a和加载探头b，2个加载探头的真实位移计算过程为：9. The testing method of the in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, in step (3), two loading probes are set as loading probe a and loading probe b, and the real displacement calculation process of the two loading probes is: 式中：和分别为位移传感器记录的加载探头a和加载探头b的伸出位移；Where: and are the extension displacements of loading probe a and loading probe b recorded by the displacement sensor respectively; 和分别为利用公式(1)计算得到的测量杆在加载探头a和加载探头b压入反方向的变形位移； and are the deformation displacements of the measuring rod in the opposite directions of the loading probe a and the loading probe b calculated by formula (1); δa和δb分别为加载探头a和加载探头b的真实位移。δ a and δ b are the true displacements of loading probe a and loading probe b, respectively. 10.如权利要求9所述的孔内岩体原位测试装置的测试方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中，加载刚度K计算公式为：10. The testing method of the in-hole rock mass in-situ testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that in step (4), the loading stiffness K is calculated by the formula: 式中：Pmax为压入载荷峰值，δmax为压入载荷峰值对应的真实压入位移；Where: P max is the peak value of the indentation load, δ max is the actual indentation displacement corresponding to the peak value of the indentation load; 步骤(5)中，加载刚度差值计算公式为：In step (5), the loading stiffness difference calculation formula is: |ΔK|＝Ka-Kb (5)|ΔK|＝ Ka - Kb (5) 式中，Ka和Kb分别为利用公式(4)计算得到的加载探头a和加载探头b的加载刚度。Where Ka and Kb are the loading stiffness of loading probe a and loading probe b respectively calculated using formula (4).
CN202411432993.XA 2024-10-15 2024-10-15 In-situ testing device and method for rock body in hole Pending CN119321965A (en)

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