CN119024799B - Shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for production of delayed coking device - Google Patents
Shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for production of delayed coking device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及石油化工技术领域，具体公开了一种延迟焦化装置生产弹丸焦预判与优化操作方法，延迟焦化装置包括：焦化炉和焦炭塔，预判与优化操作方法包括以下步骤：（1）根据延迟焦化装置的操作条件和原料物性，计算装置产生弹丸焦倾向度；（2）根据步骤（1）计算的产生弹丸焦倾向度，并以弹丸焦倾向度49%‑50%作为调整目标，调整操作条件，确定卡边操作条件；（3）当延迟焦化装置的操作条件或原料物性发生变化时，重复步骤（1）和（2）以动态调整装置卡边操作条件。本发明可根据待加工原料性质和装置操作条件，预判弹丸焦产生倾向度，提前制定卡边操作方案，解决预测延迟焦化装置弹丸焦产生的准确性和时效性差的问题。The present invention relates to the field of petrochemical technology, and specifically discloses a method for predicting and optimizing the operation of a delayed coking device for producing shot coke. The delayed coking device includes: a coking furnace and a coke tower. The method for predicting and optimizing the operation includes the following steps: (1) calculating the tendency of the device to produce shot coke according to the operating conditions and raw material properties of the delayed coking device; (2) adjusting the operating conditions and determining the edge-locking operating conditions according to the tendency of producing shot coke calculated in step (1) and taking the shot coke tendency of 49%-50% as the adjustment target; (3) repeating steps (1) and (2) to dynamically adjust the edge-locking operating conditions of the device when the operating conditions or raw material properties of the delayed coking device change. The present invention can predict the tendency of producing shot coke according to the properties of the raw materials to be processed and the operating conditions of the device, formulate an edge-locking operation plan in advance, and solve the problem of poor accuracy and timeliness in predicting the production of shot coke in a delayed coking device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for a delayed coking device.
Background
The delayed coking device is still one of the main means for processing the residual oil, especially the inferior residual oil, of the oil refining enterprises at home and abroad at present due to the outstanding advantage of strong raw material adaptability. The delayed coking device put into production in China has more than 100 sets, the total processing capacity exceeds 1.2 hundred million tons/year, and the delayed coking device is second to the United states and the world is the second most. With the trend of world crude oil heavy quality deterioration increasing, heavy oil resources are utilized efficiently, and a higher challenge is presented to the delayed coking technology. How to improve the optimized operation level of the delayed coking unit and fully play the role of the delayed coking unit in heavy oil processing is one of the urgent tasks of the current oil refining enterprises.
The delayed coking is a technological process that raw materials are quickly heated to 490-500 ℃ through a coking furnace, enter a coke tower to complete coking reaction, and generate dry gas, liquefied gas, gasoline, diesel oil, wax oil and petroleum coke. For delayed coker processing poor quality feedstock, petroleum coke is a low value added product. Thus, the core goal of a delayed coker is to increase the unit liquid yield (liquefied gas + gasoline + diesel + wax oil yield) and decrease the petroleum coke yield. In the actual production process, the reaction severity scale is increased mainly by means of increasing the outlet temperature of the coking furnace, reducing the circulation ratio and the reaction pressure, and the like, so that the liquid yield of the device is improved. However, too high reaction severity can lead to shot coke generation, so that the device has potential safety hazards of pipeline vibration, drill sticking, collapse and the like in the process of cooling coke and decoking.
The delayed coking device for producing the shot coke has the advantages of improving the liquid recovery of the device, having the defects of lower selling price of the shot coke than sponge coke, losing economic benefit and having potential safety hazard. Therefore, the economy of producing shot coke depends on various factors such as the increased liquid product yield, the product price system, the influence on the safety of the device and the operation period when producing shot coke. At present, few enterprises increase the yield of liquid products by producing shot coke, thereby improving the economic benefit. The main reasons are that along with the rapid increase of the demand of the power battery of the new energy automobile, the sponge coke can be used for producing the lithium battery cathode material, the application scene is expanded, the price is correspondingly increased, the shot coke can still be used for fuel, and the ratio of the doped shot coke in the fuel must not be too high in order to ensure the long-period running of the boiler, so that the difference between the sponge coke and the shot coke is more than 500 yuan/ton. The 100 ten thousand tons/year delayed coking device produces 800 tons of petroleum coke per day according to the yield of the petroleum coke of 28 percent, and the loss of the petroleum coke selling price reduction caused by the production of shot coke is thatAnd the liquid yield is increased by 3% when the shot coke is produced, and the comprehensive difference between the liquid yield and the petroleum coke is 2000 yuan/ton, so that the benefit of increasing the liquid yield is only 17.1 ten yuan/day. Secondly, most delayed coking devices are limited by original design conditions, and still cannot adapt to working conditions for producing a large amount of shot coke, and certain potential safety hazards exist during the shot coke production. Therefore, most enterprises at present consider the economical efficiency and the safety comprehensively, and hope to maximize the liquid collection of the device under the condition of not generating shot coke, namely, realize the edge clamping optimization operation. The premise of the edge clamping operation is that the generation condition of the shot coke of the device can be prejudged according to different raw material properties, so that the adjustment and optimization of the operation condition of the device are carried out according to the actual condition of the device.
How to avoid the generation of shot coke under the condition of high reaction severity, namely high liquid collection, is an important technical problem which is not well solved at present. The patent CN201510140787.6 and the patent CN 20110277335. X both adopt experimental evaluation methods to predict the generation conditions of the shot coke, but the reaction conditions of the experimental device, such as reaction temperature, time, flow rate and the like, have great differences from industrial devices. Therefore, the reaction conditions explored by experiments cannot be directly used for industrial devices, and the timeliness of experimental evaluation is poor, so that production optimization cannot be guided timely.
In the prior literature, such as Guangzhou chemical [ J ]. 2011, 39 (03): 82-84, the shot coke generation is predicted by adopting the ratio of coking raw material carbon residue to asphaltene content, wherein the shot coke is easy to generate by the device when the ratio of carbon residue to asphaltene is smaller than 1.4, the shot coke is possibly generated by the device when the ratio of carbon residue to asphaltene is between 1.4 and 1.6, and the shot coke is less likely to be generated by the device when the ratio of carbon residue to asphaltene is larger than 1.6. In the disclosed literature, the prediction model for shot coke mainly adopts single physical property data such as raw material carbon residue value, asphaltene, density and the like, and does not consider the influence of combination of multiple physical properties and the influence of operating conditions on shot coke.
In the prior literature such as petroleum refining and chemical industry, 2013,44 (12): 23-26, aiming at a specific delayed coking device and raw materials, the coking reaction is close to the critical state when shot coke is generated by continuously increasing the reaction temperature, reducing the circulation ratio, the reaction pressure and other measures, so as to maximize the yield of liquid products of the device. Meanwhile, a shot coke generation pre-judging system using a coke tower c-point neutron level gauge indication value, quenching oil quantity and c-point wall temperature as means is provided, and safety guarantee and basis are provided for the shot Jiao Linjie clamping operation. The method is based on production experience data, establishes a pre-judging system aiming at a specific device and a specific raw material, is relatively effective for a coking device with stable raw material, and has the limitation that a quantitative shot coke prediction model with universality is not formed, when the pre-judging system is applied to other delayed coking devices or the raw material property is changed, a new pre-judging system needs to be searched again, and the new pre-judging system needs to be built after long-term experience accumulation. As described above, the loss of shot coke produced by a 100-ten thousand ton/year delayed coking unit is up to several hundred thousand yuan per day, so that the trial and error cost for establishing a prognosis system by the method is high, and the method is difficult to be applied to the delayed coking unit with frequent change of raw material properties.
In summary, how to maximize the liquid recovery of the delayed coking device under the condition of not producing shot coke, that is, to realize the edge clamping optimization operation, is a key problem to be solved for high-level operation of the device. The method for avoiding the generation of shot coke by reducing the outlet temperature of the furnace and improving the circulation ratio and the reaction pressure is a common practice in the industry at present, but the key point of the edge clamping operation is to obtain the critical operation conditions (the outlet temperature of the furnace, the circulation ratio and the reaction pressure) of the device according to different raw material properties so as to reduce the liquid recovery loss caused by excessively reducing the reaction severity, and to pre-judge the tendency of the generation of the shot coke according to the raw material properties so as to pre-formulate the critical operation conditions of the device in advance to adapt to the frequent change of the raw material properties of the device and reduce the trial-and-error cost of gradually optimizing and adjusting by experience.
The prediction of shot coke in the prior art is mostly based on simple experimental raw material evaluation and production experience data summary of a specific device, and lacks a quantitative prediction model for comprehensively considering various raw material properties and industrial device operation conditions. Therefore, a rapid and accurate shot coke pre-judging method for the production of the delayed coking device is established, an optimized operation scheme is guided and formulated based on the method, and the dynamic edge clamping operation of the device under the condition that raw materials are frequently changed is realized, so that the method is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for the production of a delayed coking device, which mainly solves the problems of poor accuracy and poor timeliness of operation adjustment in the prior art for predicting the shot coke production of the delayed coking device.
The applicant of the present invention found in theoretical research and production practice that shot coke generation of a delayed coker is primarily affected by feedstock properties and plant operating conditions. The raw material properties influencing the generation of shot coke mainly comprise density, asphaltene content, carbon residue value and total metal Ni and V content, the raw material properties have contribution degrees with different degrees on the generation of shot coke, the prior art only predicts from the aspect of single raw material properties or carbon residue value/asphaltene content, and the comprehensive influence of the physical properties is not fully considered. The main operating conditions for regulating and controlling shot coke generation by the device comprise the outlet temperature of the coking furnace, the circulation ratio of the device and the reaction pressure of the coke tower, and the adjustable intervals of the parameters are different according to the actual equipment and process requirements of different devices. In the prior art, the data feedback after the shot coke is generated based on specific raw materials is mainly realized, the operation parameters are adjusted by experience, namely, critical conditions are searched by a continuous trial-and-error method, and a quantitative model of the operation conditions and the shot coke generation probability cannot be established. Therefore, a quantitative prediction model of the shot coke is established, which comprehensively considers the properties and the operation conditions of the raw materials, the generation of the shot coke is early warned before the raw materials are processed, and a clamping operation scheme is formulated in advance, so that the generation frequency of the shot coke can be effectively reduced, and the overall benefit of the device is improved.
Because three states of no shot coke, partial shot coke and all shot coke exist in actual production, and gradual change processes are adopted among the three states, in order to conveniently represent the shot coke generation state and meet the actual situation, the invention provides a shot coke tendency P shot index when a shot coke prejudging model is established, wherein the shot coke tendency P shot is defined as a shot coke non-generation state, the shot coke tendency P shot is defined as a large number of shot coke states, and the shot coke generation is difficult to avoid by small-amplitude operation adjustment at the moment, and the potential safety hazard caused by the shot coke needs to be alerted.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for the production of the delayed coking device comprises a coking furnace and a coking tower and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) According to the operation condition of the delayed coking device and the physical properties of raw materials, the computing device generates shot coke tendency;
(2) According to the shot coke generation tendency calculated in the step (1), taking 49% -50% of the shot coke generation tendency as an adjustment target, adjusting operation conditions, and determining clamping operation conditions;
In the step (1), the operation conditions of the delayed coking device comprise the outlet temperature of the coking furnace, the device circulation ratio and the reaction pressure of the coke tower, and the equivalent circulation ratio in the coke tower is calculated according to the operation conditions of the delayed coking device;
The method for calculating the equivalent circulation ratio in the coke tower is as follows:
Equation 1: ;
Wherein:
R_e is the coke drum internal equivalent recycle ratio;
K is a device coefficient and is used for correcting the difference caused by the measurement positions of the instruments of different devices and the measurement errors of the instruments, the value range is 0.8-1.2, and the default value K=1.0;
Tout is the coke oven outlet temperature in degrees celsius;
r is the device circulation ratio which is equal to the mass of the device circulation oil/the mass of the raw materials fed into the device;
pr is the reaction pressure of the coke tower, and the unit is Mpa;
In the step (1), the physical properties of raw materials of the delayed coking device comprise the density of the raw materials at 20 ℃, the content of asphaltenes, the carbon residue value, the total content of metal Ni and V, and the shot coke contribution rate of single physical properties is calculated respectively;
the calculation method of the shot coke contribution rate of the single physical property is as follows:
equation 2: ;
equation 3: ;
equation 4: ;
Equation 5: ;
Wherein:
asp is the asphaltene content of the raw material;
CCR is a carbon residue value;
d20 is the raw material density at 20 ℃, and the unit is kg/m 3;
Ni+V is the total content of metal Ni and V, and the unit is mg/kg;
p_asp is the shot coke contribution rate of the raw material asphaltenes;
p_ccr is the shot coke contribution rate of the carbon residue value;
P_d20 is the shot coke contribution of the raw material density at 20 ℃;
P_NiV is the shot coke contribution rate of the metal Ni+V content;
In step (1), the method for calculating the shot coke tendency of the device comprises the following steps:
equation 6: ;
Wherein:
P shot is the tendency of the device to produce shot coke.
Preferably, in the step (2), when the card edge operation condition is determined, the shot coke tendency degree P shot produced by the device is calculated according to the formula 6 to be adjusted;
if the shot coke tendency P shot is lower than the adjustment target 49% -50%, in the adjustable range of the device operation conditions, the reaction severity is increased, such as the temperature of the outlet of the coking furnace is increased, the device circulation ratio is reduced or the reaction pressure of the coke tower is reduced;
If the shot coke tendency P shot is higher than the adjustment target 49% -50%, reducing the reaction severity, such as reducing the coking furnace outlet temperature, increasing the device circulation ratio or coke tower reaction pressure, in the adjustable range of the device operation conditions;
The specific adjustment method for adjusting the operation conditions in the step (2) comprises the following steps of bringing the existing circulation ratio of the device, the reaction pressure of a coke tower and the physical properties of raw materials to be processed, including density, asphaltene content, carbon residue value, total content of metal Ni and V into a formula 1 to a formula 6, setting P shot =50% and solving the outlet temperature of a coking furnace;
if the solved coking furnace outlet temperature is within the adjustable range of the device, determining critical operating conditions, namely the solved coking furnace outlet temperature, the existing circulation ratio of the device and the reaction pressure of the coke tower;
If the solved coking furnace outlet temperature exceeds the adjustable range of the device, fixing the new coking furnace outlet temperature by adopting the upper limit or the lower limit of the adjustable range of the coking furnace outlet temperature, and then adjusting the circulation ratio of the device or the reaction pressure of the coke tower.
Preferably, when any one of the operating conditions of the delayed coking unit, the physical properties of the feedstock, or both are changed, steps (1) and (2) are repeated to dynamically adjust the unit stuck edge operating conditions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Compared with the prior art, which only considers a single physical model and cannot determine the quantitative relation between the operation condition and the generation of shot coke, the shot coke prejudging method comprehensively considers various raw material properties including density, asphaltene content, carbon residue value, metal Ni+V content and device operation conditions including coking furnace outlet temperature, device circulation ratio and coke tower reaction pressure, influences on the shot coke, and provides a quantitative prediction model, which is one of main innovation points of the invention.
(2) According to the invention, the generation tendency of shot coke can be prejudged according to the properties of raw materials to be processed and the operating conditions of the device, and a clamping operation scheme is formulated in advance, so that the problems of long continuous trial and error adjustment period and high cost which are required to depend on production feedback data in the prior art are solved, and the method is more suitable for the production characteristics of frequent change of raw materials of a delayed coking device, and is a main improvement point over the prior art.
(3) Because delayed coker shot coke generation is a multi-factor and extremely complex problem, shot coke prediction and control remains a recognized industry problem at home and abroad. Compared with the prior art, the shot coke pre-judging method provided by the invention can not ensure 100% accuracy, can consider more comprehensive influencing factors, provides a quantitative prediction model, has obvious progress in the aspects of shot coke prediction accuracy, timeliness and economy of optimization adjustment, and can maximally improve the liquid yield of the device on the premise of reducing the shot coke generation probability, thereby improving the comprehensive benefit of the delayed coking device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for a delayed coking device production, which comprehensively considers raw material properties and operation conditions and mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) The operating conditions of the delayed coking device, including the coking furnace outlet temperature, the device circulation ratio and the coke tower reaction pressure, are adopted to calculate the equivalent circulation ratio in the coke tower, and the calculation method is as follows:
Equation 1: ;
Wherein R_e is the equivalent circulation ratio in the coke tower, K is a device coefficient for correcting the difference caused by the measurement positions of instruments of different devices and the measurement errors of the instruments, the default value K=1.0, tout is the outlet temperature of the coke furnace, R is the device circulation ratio, the mass of device circulating oil/the mass of device raw materials is equal, and Pr is the reaction pressure Mpa of the coke tower;
(2) The physical properties of the raw materials of the delayed coking device, including the density at 20 ℃, the asphaltene content, the carbon residue value and the total content of metal Ni and V, are respectively calculated, and the calculation method is as follows:
equation 2: ;
equation 3: ;
equation 4: ;
Equation 5: ;
wherein Asp, CCR, d and Ni+V are respectively the asphaltene content m, the carbon residue value m, the density of 20 ℃ kg/m 3, the total content mg/kg of metal Ni and V, and P_asp, P_ccr, P_d20 and P_NiV are respectively the shot coke contribution rate,%;
(3) According to the results of the step (1) and the step (2), the shot coke generation tendency comprehensively considering the raw material property and the operation condition is calculated, and the calculation method is as follows:
equation 6: ;
wherein P shot is the tendency of the device to produce shot coke,%.
The shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for the production of the delayed coking device uses vacuum residuum as a raw material, is applied to a 160 ten thousand tons/year delayed coking device for 6 groups of comparison experiments, and carries out statistics on production data, and the properties of main raw materials, the operation conditions, the actual petroleum coke production form and the pre-judging result are shown in a table 1.
TABLE 1
;
According to the prediction method in the prior art (Guangzhou chemical engineering [ J ]. 2011, 39 (03): 82-84 and Qilu petrochemical engineering [ J ].2024, 52 (02): 122-126), shot coke is not generated when the carbon residue value/asphaltene is more than 1.6-1.75;
According to the method, the 1 st group, the 3 rd group, the 4 th group and the 5 th group can not generate shot coke, and actual production results show that the 3 rd group, the 4 th group and the 5 th group generate local shot coke;
According to the prediction of the shot coke tendency P shot provided by the invention, the 3 rd group, the 4 th group, the 5 th group and the 6 th group can generate shot coke, and the shot coke prediction method substantially accords with production practice, which shows that the shot coke prediction method comprehensively considers the raw material property and the operation condition has higher accuracy rate compared with the prior art.
Example 2
The shot coke prejudging and optimizing operation method for the delayed coking device in the embodiment 1 is applied to a 100 ten thousand ton/year delayed coking device, and the raw material properties are shown in the table 2 when the Castimia deep drawing vacuum residuum is processed for the first time:
TABLE 2 ;
The operating conditions adopted are a coke oven outlet temperature of 497 ℃, a circulation ratio of 0.20 and a coke tower reaction pressure of 0.17Mpa.
Because of the heavy degree of inferior raw materials, about 15% of shot coke is produced under the operating conditions, but because the shot coke and sponge coke are mixed together, the whole tower petroleum coke is sold at low price according to the shot coke.
At this time, the device dry gas yield is 5.08%, the liquefied gas yield is 3.17%, the gasoline yield is 18.92%, the diesel oil yield is 23.16%, the wax oil yield is 17.03%, the petroleum coke yield is 32.64%, and the device liquid yield is 62.28%.
In order to avoid the shot coke generated by the delayed coking device and minimize the liquid recovery loss of the delayed coking device, the edge clamping operation scheme is adjusted, and the main implementation steps are as follows:
Firstly, calculating the shot coke tendency generated by the device according to the operation conditions of the delayed coking device and the physical properties of raw materials;
and then according to the calculated shot coke generation tendency, taking 49% -50% of the shot coke generation tendency as an adjustment target, adjusting the operation condition, and determining the clamping operation condition.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, according to the existing operating conditions of the device and the properties of raw materials, the operating conditions comprise the existing coking furnace outlet temperature, the device circulation ratio and the coke tower reaction pressure;
The physical properties of the raw materials comprise density, asphaltene content, carbon residue value, total metal Ni and V content, the equivalent circulation ratio is calculated by a formula 1 in the embodiment 1, the shot coke contribution rate of single physical property is calculated by a formula 2-a formula 5 in the embodiment 1, and the shot coke tendency P shot is 57.6% by adopting a formula 6 calculation device in the embodiment 1;
(2) The coke oven outlet temperature of 493 ℃ can be solved by bringing the existing circulation ratio of the device of 0.20, the coke drum reaction pressure of 0.17Mpa, the raw material physical properties of table 2 including density, asphaltene content, carbon residue value, metal Ni and V total content into the formulas 1-6 in the example 1, setting P shot =50%, and the clamping operation conditions of the raw materials in the table 2 are determined to be that the oven outlet temperature of 493 ℃, the circulation ratio of 0.20 and the reaction pressure of 0.17Mpa, and the calculated pellet coke tendency degree P shot is 49.67%. Shot coke is not produced using this operating scheme.
Comparative example 1
As for the delayed coking device and raw materials in the embodiment 2, the prior art cannot accurately predict the influence of the operating condition of the device on shot coke, and only a relatively conservative scheme can be adopted initially, so that the reaction severity is reduced, namely, the furnace outlet temperature is 490 ℃, the circulation ratio is 0.30 and the reaction pressure is 0.18Mpa.
The results of the product distribution comparisons for the device of example 2 and comparative example 1 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
;
And (5) benefit measurement:
(1) The benefit difference between example 1 and comparative example 1 is that the price of petroleum coke produced by the delayed coker for processing inferior residuum is only 2000 yuan/ton, while the price of coked gas and liquid products is 2000-4000 yuan/ton higher than that of petroleum coke, considering that the comprehensive price of gas and liquid products is 3000 yuan/ton higher than that of petroleum coke.
In a 100 ten thousand ton/year delayed coker, the coke drum is switched to a coking cycle of 24 hours, so that the petroleum coke yield is reduced by 30.8 tons (the petroleum coke yield is reduced by 1.08 percent, and the liquid yield of the corresponding device is increased by 1.30 percent) per coking cycle of the comparative example 1, and the economic benefit is increased by 30.8 x 3000=92.4 ten thousand yuan/day.
Example 2 differs from shot Jiao Gongkuang in that the difference between sponge coke and shot coke in the delayed coking unit is 500 yuan/ton, and the yield of low-value wax oil is increased due to the reduction of the high-value gasoline and diesel oil yield when the shot coke is produced, and the comprehensive price of the gas and liquid recovery products is 2000 yuan/ton higher than that of the sponge petroleum coke.
The 100-ten thousand ton/year delayed coking device produces 932 tons of shot coke per day, the loss of petroleum coke selling price reduction caused by the production of shot coke is 932 x 500=46.6 ten thousand yuan/day, the device liquid yield is increased by 13.43 tons per day (the petroleum coke yield is reduced by 0.45 percent, the corresponding device liquid yield is increased by 0.47 percent), and the economic benefit is increased by 13.43 x 2000=2.69 ten thousand yuan/day. Therefore, the loss economic benefit of the working condition of the production shot coke is 43.91 ten thousand yuan/day.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, and modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The shot coke pre-judging and optimizing operation method for the production of the delayed coking device comprises a coking furnace and a coke tower, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) According to the operation condition of the delayed coking device and the physical properties of raw materials, the computing device generates shot coke tendency;
(2) According to the shot coke generation tendency calculated in the step (1), taking 49% -50% of the shot coke generation tendency as an adjustment target, adjusting operation conditions, and determining clamping operation conditions;
In the step (1), the operation conditions of the delayed coking device comprise the outlet temperature of the coking furnace, the device circulation ratio and the reaction pressure of the coke tower, and the equivalent circulation ratio in the coke tower is calculated according to the operation conditions of the delayed coking device;
The method for calculating the equivalent circulation ratio in the coke tower is as follows:
Equation 1: ;
Wherein:
R_e is the coke drum internal equivalent recycle ratio;
K is a device coefficient and is used for correcting the difference caused by the measurement positions of the instruments of different devices and the measurement errors of the instruments, the value range is 0.8-1.2, and the default value K=1.0;
Tout is the coke oven outlet temperature in degrees celsius;
r is the device circulation ratio which is equal to the mass of the device circulation oil/the mass of the raw materials fed into the device;
pr is the reaction pressure of the coke tower, and the unit is Mpa;
In the step (1), the physical properties of raw materials of the delayed coking device comprise the density of the raw materials at 20 ℃, the content of asphaltenes, the carbon residue value, the total content of metal Ni and V, and the shot coke contribution rate of single physical properties is calculated respectively;
the calculation method of the shot coke contribution rate of the single physical property is as follows:
equation 2: ;
equation 3: ;
equation 4: ;
Equation 5: ;
Wherein:
asp is the asphaltene content of the raw material;
CCR is a carbon residue value;
d20 is the raw material density at 20 ℃, and the unit is kg/m 3;
Ni+V is the total content of metal Ni and V, and the unit is mg/kg;
p_asp is the shot coke contribution rate of the raw material asphaltenes;
p_ccr is the shot coke contribution rate of the carbon residue value;
P_d20 is the shot coke contribution of the raw material density at 20 ℃;
P_NiV is the shot coke contribution rate of the metal Ni+V content;
In step (1), the method for calculating the shot coke tendency of the device comprises the following steps:
equation 6: ;
Wherein:
P shot is the tendency of the device to produce shot coke.
2. The method for predicting and optimizing shot coke produced by a delayed coking device according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the clamping operation condition is determined, the shot coke producing tendency P shot of the device is calculated and adjusted according to the formula 6;
if the shot coke tendency P shot is lower than the adjustment target 49% -50%, in the adjustable range of the device operation conditions, the reaction severity is increased, such as the temperature of the outlet of the coking furnace is increased, the device circulation ratio is reduced or the reaction pressure of the coke tower is reduced;
If the shot coke tendency P shot is higher than the adjustment target 49% -50%, reducing the reaction severity, such as reducing the coking furnace outlet temperature, increasing the device circulation ratio or coke tower reaction pressure, in the adjustable range of the device operation conditions;
The specific adjustment method for adjusting the operation conditions in the step (2) comprises the following steps of bringing the existing circulation ratio of the device, the reaction pressure of a coke tower and the physical properties of raw materials to be processed, including density, asphaltene content, carbon residue value, total content of metal Ni and V into a formula 1 to a formula 6, setting P shot =50% and solving the outlet temperature of a coking furnace;
if the solved coking furnace outlet temperature is within the adjustable range of the device, determining critical operating conditions, namely the solved coking furnace outlet temperature, the existing circulation ratio of the device and the reaction pressure of the coke tower;
If the solved coking furnace outlet temperature exceeds the adjustable range of the device, fixing the new coking furnace outlet temperature by adopting the upper limit or the lower limit of the adjustable range of the coking furnace outlet temperature, and then adjusting the circulation ratio of the device or the reaction pressure of the coke tower.
3. The method for predicting and optimizing shot coke production in a delayed coker as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the steps (1) and (2) are repeated to dynamically adjust the equipment clamping operation conditions when any one of the operating conditions of the delayed coker and the physical properties of the raw materials or both are changed.
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| CN101309997A (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2008-11-19 | 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 | Continuous coking process |
| CN104774638A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-15 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for avoiding shot coke generation in inferior residuum processing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101309997A (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2008-11-19 | 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 | Continuous coking process |
| CN104774638A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-15 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for avoiding shot coke generation in inferior residuum processing |
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