CN118519329B - Optical transmission integrated imaging 3D display device with large depth of field - Google Patents

Optical transmission integrated imaging 3D display device with large depth of field Download PDF

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CN118519329B
CN118519329B CN202310136703.6A CN202310136703A CN118519329B CN 118519329 B CN118519329 B CN 118519329B CN 202310136703 A CN202310136703 A CN 202310136703A CN 118519329 B CN118519329 B CN 118519329B
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holographic
focal length
lens array
optical element
dual
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CN118519329A (en
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邓欢
饶凤斌
李强
蒋丽君
林佳福
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Sichuan University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
    • G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
    • G03H1/2205—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements using downstream optical component
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/52—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels the three-dimensional [3D] volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of two-dimensional [2D] planes, e.g. depth sampling systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
    • G03H1/2286—Particular reconstruction light ; Beam properties

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides an optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device with a large depth of field, which comprises a projector I, a projector II and a double-focal-length holographic optical element. The double-focal-length holographic optical element is prepared by two holographic exposures, and the two holographic exposures record the optical modulation functions of lens arrays with focal lengths of f 1 and f 2 respectively. In the integrated imaging 3D display process of the large depth of field, the double-focal-length holographic optical element respectively reproduces spherical wave arrays with focal lengths of f 1 and f 2 under the irradiation of probe light I projected by the projector I and probe light II projected by the projector II, and simultaneously generates a center depth plane I and a center depth plane II, respectively modulates the information of the micro-image array I and the micro-image array II, simultaneously reconstructs a 3D image I near the center depth plane I and a 3D image II near the center depth plane II, and realizes the increase of the depth of field.

Description

Optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device with large depth of field
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of integrated imaging 3D display, and particularly relates to an optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device with a large depth of field.
Background
The integrated imaging 3D display technology is a true 3D display technology, based on the ray reversibility principle, the lens array is used for densely sampling light field information of a 3D scene, then the sampled light field information is reconstructed in an optical mode, and a 3D image with the depth and the color consistent with those of the original 3D scene is restored in space. Thus, integrated imaging 3D display technology is able to provide a viewer with full-color, quasi-continuous parallax, and stereoscopic viewing fatigue free 3D images without the need for a coherent light source and an auxiliary viewing device.
The holographic optical element is an optical element prepared by utilizing the holographic imaging principle, and is essentially a volume holographic grating. Compared with optical coupling devices such as a semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror, a free-form surface prism, an optical waveguide and the like, the holographic optical element can replace one or more elements in an optical system according to the difference of wave fronts of recorded signals, reduces the volume of the system, reduces the redundancy of the system, is easy to integrate, has the dual functions of imaging and optical perspective, and is widely applied to optical transmission type augmented reality 3D display. However, the wavefront of the lens array recorded by the conventional holographic optical element has only one focal length corresponding to one central depth plane, so that the depth of field of the reconstructed 3D image is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device with a large depth of field, which comprises a projector I, a projector II and a double-focal-length holographic optical element, as shown in figure 1. The double-focus holographic optical element is prepared by two holographic exposures, and has the functions of lens arrays with two focuses. The projector I projects probe light I containing the micro-image array I onto the double-focal-length holographic optical element, the probe light I meets Bragg condition I, the double-focal-length holographic optical element has the function of a lens array with focal length of f 1, information of the micro-image array I in the probe light I is modulated, and a 3D image I is reconstructed near a central depth plane I. The projector II projects probe light II containing the micro-image array II onto a bifocal holographic optical element, the probe light II meets Bragg condition II, the bifocal holographic optical element has the function of a lens array with a focal length of f 2, information of the micro-image array II in the probe light II is modulated, and a 3D image II is rebuilt near a center depth plane II. When the projector I and the projector II respectively project the probe light I and the probe light II on the dual-focal-length holographic optical element at the same time, two different 3D images are reconstructed near two central depth planes. And for the ambient light which does not meet the Bragg condition I and the Bragg condition II, the ambient light directly penetrates through the dual-focal-length holographic optical element, so that the optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display with large depth of field is realized.
The double-focal-length holographic optical element is a reflective volume holographic grating and is prepared through two holographic exposure processes.
The first holographic exposure device of the bifocal holographic optical element is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a mask plate, a lens array I, a lens array II and holographic materials, wherein the optical interval between the lens array I and the lens array II is g 1. The mask plate has a structure shown in fig. 3, wherein the light transmitting units and the light blocking units are arranged in a matrix, the width of each light transmitting unit is w, the center-to-center distance between adjacent light transmitting units is equal to the pitch p of the lens array, and the width of transmitted light beams is controlled by changing the size of each light transmitting unit.
The second holographic exposure device of the bifocal holographic optical element is shown in fig. 4, and comprises a lens array I, a lens array II and holographic materials, wherein the optical interval between the lens array I and the lens array II is g 2.
In the double holographic exposure device, the focal length of the lens array I is f a, the focal length of the lens array II is f b, the pitches of the lens array I and the lens array II are the same, p is the same, d is the thickness, n is the refractive index, the holographic material is coated on the transparent glass substrate, the holographic material is tightly attached to the lens array II, and the mask plate is tightly attached to the lens array I.
The first exposure process of the bifocal holographic optical element is shown in fig. 5. The signal wave I is a beam of parallel light, passes through the lens array I and the lens array II after passing through the mask plate light transmission unit in fig. 4, and vertically enters the holographic material. The reference wave I is a beam of divergent spherical wave, has the same wavelength and polarization state as the signal wave I, and is respectively positioned at two sides of the holographic material. The reference wave I is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle theta r1 and interferes with the signal wave I, interference fringes are recorded on the holographic material, and the first holographic exposure of the dual-focal-length holographic optical element is completed. The first holographic exposure recorded the optical modulation function of the lens array group with focal length f 1, whose focal length f 1 can be expressed as,
The width of the light-transmitting unit of the mask plate is w,
The second exposure process of the bifocal holographic optical element is shown in fig. 6. The signal wave II is a beam of parallel light, and is vertically incident on the holographic material after passing through the lens array I and the lens array II. The reference wave II is a beam of divergent spherical wave, has the same wavelength and polarization state as the signal wave II, and is respectively positioned at two sides of the holographic material. The reference wave II is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle theta r2 and interferes with the signal wave II, interference fringes are recorded on the holographic material, and the second holographic exposure of the bifocal holographic optical element is completed. The second holographic exposure records the optical modulation function of a lens array group having a focal length f 2, whose focal length f 2 can be expressed as,
Preferably, the incident angles of the reference wave I for the first exposure and the reference wave II for the second exposure need to have a certain angle difference, and the difference between the incident angles of the reference wave I and the reference wave II needs to be larger than the half-angle bandwidth Δθ of the dual focal length holographic optical element, so as to avoid crosstalk between the two sets of reproduction light satisfying the bragg condition I and the bragg condition II.
The large depth of field optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display process is as follows. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the reconstruction of the 3D image I. The probe light I projected by the projector I comprises information of the micro-image array I, and the wavelength and the incident angle of the probe light I are the same as those of the reference wave I, so that the Bragg condition I of the dual-focal-length holographic optical element is met. At this time, the reproduction light of the bifocal holographic optical element is a spherical wave array with a focal length of f 1, and a central depth plane I is generated at f 1, so as to implement an optical modulation function of a lens array group with a focal length of f 1, modulate information of a microimage array I in the probe light I, and reconstruct a 3D image I near the central depth plane I. Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the reconstruction of the 3D image II. The probe light II projected by the projector II contains the information of the micro-image array II, and the wavelength and the incident angle of the probe light II are the same as those of the reference wave II, so that the Bragg condition II of the bifocal holographic optical element is met. At this time, the reproduction light of the bifocal holographic optical element is a spherical wave array with a focal length of f 2, and a central depth plane II is generated at f 2, so as to implement an optical modulation function of a lens array group with a focal length of f 2, modulate information of a microimage array II in the probe light II, and reconstruct a 3D image II near the central depth plane II. When the projector I and the projector II respectively project the probe light I meeting the Bragg condition I and the probe light II meeting the Bragg condition II onto the bifocal holographic optical element, the bifocal holographic optical element simultaneously reproduces spherical wave arrays with two focal lengths, simultaneously generates a central depth plane I and a central depth plane II, respectively modulates information of the micro-image array I and the micro-image array II, simultaneously reconstructs a 3D image I nearby the central depth plane I and a 3D image II nearby the central depth plane II, and realizes the increase of depth of field.
The external environment light does not meet the Bragg condition I and the Bragg condition II, so that the environment light directly penetrates through the dual-focal-length holographic optical element to realize optical transmission type display.
The large-depth-of-field optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device can simultaneously realize the functions of lens arrays with two focal lengths, respectively modulates probe light I projected by a projector I and probe light II projected by a projector II, simultaneously reconstructs different 3D images near a central depth plane I and a central depth plane II, and effectively improves the depth of field of an optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display structure with a large depth of field.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first hologram exposure device of a dual focal length hologram optical element.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mask plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second holographic exposure apparatus for a dual focal length holographic optical element.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first holographic exposure process optical path for a dual focal length holographic optical element.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a second holographic exposure process for a dual focal length holographic optical element.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the reconstruction of the 3D image I.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the reconstruction of the 3D image II.
The illustrations in the above figures are numbered 1 projector I,2 projector II,3 probe light I,4 probe light II,5 double focal length holographic optical element, 6 3D image 1, 7D image II,8 viewer, 900 mask plate, 901 mask plate light blocking unit, 902 mask plate light transmitting unit, 10 lens array I,11 lens array II,12 holographic material, 13 signal light I,14 reference light I,15 signal light II,16 reference light II,17 reproduction light I,18 reproduction light II,19 reproduction light II reverse extension line. It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
An exemplary embodiment of the large depth of field optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device of the present invention is described in detail below, and the present invention will be described in further detail. It is noted that the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be within the scope of the invention as viewed by one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides an optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device with large depth of field, which comprises a projector I1, a projector II2 and a double-focal-length holographic optical element 5, as shown in figure 1. The dual-focal-length holographic optical element 5 is prepared by two holographic exposures and has the functions of a lens array with two focal lengths. The projector I1 projects a probe light I3 including a micro-image array I onto the dual-focal-length holographic optical element 5, the probe light I3 satisfies the bragg condition I, the dual-focal-length holographic optical element 5 exhibits the function of a lens array with a focal length of f 1, modulates information of the micro-image array I in the probe light I3, and reconstructs a 3D image I6 near the central depth plane I. The projector II2 projects probe light II4 containing the micro-image array II onto the double-focal-length holographic optical element 5, the probe light II4 meets the Bragg condition II, the double-focal-length holographic optical element 5 has the function of a lens array with a focal length of f 2, information of the micro-image array II in the probe light II4 is modulated, and a 3D image II7 is rebuilt near a center depth plane II. When the projector I1 and the projector II2 respectively project the probe light I3 and the probe light II4 onto the dual focal length hologram optical element 5 at the same time, two different 3D images are reconstructed near two central depth planes. And for the ambient light which does not meet the Bragg condition I and the Bragg condition II, the ambient light directly penetrates through the dual-focal-length holographic optical element 5, so that the optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display with large depth of field is realized.
The double-focal-length holographic optical element 5 is a reflective volume holographic grating and is prepared through two holographic exposure processes.
The first holographic exposure device of the dual focal length holographic optical element 5 is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a mask plate 900, a lens array I10, a lens array II11 and a holographic material 12, wherein the optical interval between the lens array I10 and the lens array II11 is 2.32mm. The structure of the mask 900 is shown in fig. 3, in which the light transmitting units 901 and the light blocking units 902 are arranged in a matrix, the width of the light transmitting units 901 is 1.09mm, the center-to-center distance between adjacent light transmitting units is equal to 1.27mm of the pitch of the lens array, and the width of the transmitted light beam is controlled by changing the size of the light transmitting units 901.
The second holographic exposure device of the dual focal length holographic optical element 5 is shown in fig. 4, and comprises a lens array I10, a lens array II11 and a holographic material 12, wherein the optical interval between the lens array I10 and the lens array II11 is 1.74mm.
In the double holographic exposure device, the focal length of the lens array I10 is 2mm, the focal length of the lens array II11 is 2mm, the pitch of the lens array I and the pitch of the lens array II are the same and are 1.27mm, the thickness is 3mm, the refractive index is 1.49, the holographic material 12 is coated on a transparent glass substrate and is tightly attached to the lens array II11, and the mask 900 is tightly attached to the lens array I10.
The first exposure process of the bifocal holographic optical element 5 is shown in fig. 5. The signal wave I13 is a parallel light beam, passes through the lens array I10 and the lens array II11 after passing through the mask plate light-transmitting unit 900 in fig. 4, and is perpendicularly incident on the holographic material 12. The reference wave I14 is a divergent spherical wave, and has the same wavelength and polarization state as the signal wave I13, and the signal wave I13 and the reference wave I14 are respectively positioned at two sides of the holographic material. The reference wave I14 is incident on the holographic material 12 at an incident angle of 45 ° and interferes with the signal wave I13, and the interference fringes are recorded on the holographic material 12, completing the first holographic exposure of the dual focal length holographic optical element 5. The first recording was the optical modulation function of a lens array set with a focal length f 1, whose focal length f 1 can be expressed as,
The width of the light-transmitting unit of the mask plate is as follows,
The second exposure process of the bifocal holographic optical element 5 is shown in fig. 6. The signal wave II15 is a parallel beam of light, and is perpendicularly incident on the holographic material 12 after passing through the lens array I10 and the lens array II 11. The reference wave II16 is a diverging spherical wave, and has the same wavelength and polarization state as the signal wave II15, and the signal wave II15 and the reference wave II16 are respectively located on two sides of the holographic material 12. The reference wave II16 is incident on the holographic material 12 at an incident angle of-45 ° and interferes with the signal wave II15, and the interference fringes are recorded on the holographic material 12, completing the second holographic exposure of the dual focal length holographic optical element 5. The second recording is the optical modulation function of the lens array group with focal length f 2, whose focal length f 2 can be expressed as,
Preferably, the incident angles of the reference wave I for the first exposure and the reference wave II for the second exposure need to have a certain angle difference, and the difference between the incident angles of the reference wave I and the reference wave II needs to be greater than 10 ° of the half-angle bandwidth of the dual focal length holographic optical element, so as to avoid crosstalk between the two sets of reproduction light satisfying the bragg condition I and the bragg condition II.
The large depth of field optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display process is as follows. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the reconstruction of the 3D image I6. The probe light I3 projected by the projector I1 contains information of the micro image array I, and the wavelength and the incident angle of the probe light I3 are the same as those of the reference wave I14, the wavelength is 532nm, the incident angle is 45 degrees, and the Bragg condition I of the bifocal holographic optical element 5 is satisfied. At this time, the reproduction light I17 of the dual focal length holographic optical element 5 is a spherical wave array with a focal length of 14.0mm, and a central depth plane I is generated at a position of 14.0mm, so as to implement an optical modulation function of a lens array group with a focal length of 14.0mm, modulate information of the microimage array I in the probe light I3, and reconstruct a 3D image I6 in the vicinity of the central depth plane I. Likewise, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the reconstruction of the 3D image II7. The probe light II4 projected by the projector II2 contains the information of the micro-image array II, the wavelength and the incident angle of the probe light II4 are the same as those of the reference wave II16, the wavelength is 532nm, the incident angle is-45 degrees, and the Bragg condition II of the bifocal holographic optical element 5 is satisfied. At this time, the reproduction light II18 of the bifocal holographic optical element 5 is a spherical wave array with a focal length of-14.2 mm, and a central depth plane II is generated at the position of-14.2 mm, so as to implement an optical modulation function of a lens array group with a focal length of-14.2 mm, modulate the information of the microimage array II in the probe light II4, and reconstruct a 3D image II7 near the central depth plane II. As shown in fig. 1, when the projector I1 and the projector II2 respectively project the probe light I3 satisfying the bragg condition I and the probe light II4 satisfying the bragg condition II onto the dual-focal-length holographic optical element 5, the dual-focal-length holographic optical element 5 simultaneously reproduces spherical wave arrays with two focal lengths, and simultaneously generates a center depth plane I and a center depth plane II, respectively modulates information of the micro-image array I and the micro-image array II, simultaneously reconstructs a 3D image I6 near the center depth plane I and a 3D image II7 near the center depth plane II, and realizes an increase of depth of field.
The external environment light does not meet the Bragg condition I and the Bragg condition II, so that the environment light directly penetrates through the dual-focal-length holographic optical element to realize optical transmission type display.
The optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display device with the large depth of field can realize the lens array functions of two focal lengths simultaneously, respectively modulate the probe light I projected by the projector I and the probe light II projected by the projector II, simultaneously reconstruct different 3D images nearby the central depth plane I and the central depth plane II, and effectively improve the depth of field of the optical transmission type integrated imaging 3D display system.

Claims (3)

1.大景深的光学透射式集成成像3D显示装置，其特征在于，该装置包括投影机Ⅰ、投影机Ⅱ和双焦距全息光学元件；所述双焦距全息光学元件为反射式体全息光栅，具有两种焦距的透镜阵列的功能，通过两次全息曝光过程制备而成：所述双焦距全息光学元件的第一次全息曝光装置包含掩膜板、透镜阵列Ⅰ、透镜阵列Ⅱ和全息材料，透镜阵列Ⅰ和透镜阵列Ⅱ的光学间隔为g1，所述掩膜板由透光单元和挡光单元成矩阵式排列，透光单元宽度为w，相邻透光单元的中心间距等于透镜阵列的节距p，通过改变透光单元的大小实现对透过光束宽度的控制；所述双焦距全息光学元件的第二次全息曝光装置包含透镜阵列Ⅰ、透镜阵列Ⅱ和全息材料，透镜阵列Ⅰ和透镜阵列Ⅱ的光学间隔为g2；两次全息曝光装置中，透镜阵列Ⅰ的焦距为fa，透镜阵列Ⅱ的焦距为fb，透镜阵列Ⅰ和透镜阵列Ⅱ的节距相同，都为p，厚度为d，折射率为n，全息材料涂敷于透明玻璃基底上，全息材料与透镜阵列Ⅱ紧密贴合，掩膜板与透镜阵列Ⅰ紧密贴合；所述投影机Ⅰ投射包含有微图像阵列Ⅰ的探照光Ⅰ至所述双焦距全息光学元件上，探照光Ⅰ满足布拉格条件Ⅰ，所述双焦距全息光学元件呈现出焦距为f1的透镜阵列的功能，并对探照光Ⅰ中的微图像阵列Ⅰ的信息进行调制，在中心深度平面Ⅰ附近重建出3D图像Ⅰ；所述投影机Ⅱ投射包含有微图像阵列Ⅱ的探照光Ⅱ至双焦距全息光学元件上，探照光Ⅱ满足布拉格条件Ⅱ，所述双焦距全息光学元件呈现出焦距为f2的透镜阵列的功能，并对探照光Ⅱ中的微图像阵列Ⅱ的信息进行调制，在中心深度平面Ⅱ附近重建出3D图像Ⅱ；当所述投影机Ⅰ和投影机Ⅱ分别将探照光Ⅰ和探照光Ⅱ同时投射至所述双焦距全息光学元件上时，在两个中心深度平面附近重建出两个不同的3D图像；所述第一次全息曝光的参考波I与第二次全息曝光的参考波II的入射角需有一定的角度差距，所述参考波I与参考波II的入射角之差需大于双焦距全息光学元件的半角带宽Δθ，以避免满足布拉格条件I和布拉格条件Ⅱ的两组再现光之间的串扰，对于不满足布拉格条件Ⅰ和布拉格条件Ⅱ的环境光将直接透过所述双焦距全息光学元件，实现大景深的光学透射式集成成像3D显示。1. An optical transmission integrated imaging 3D display device with a large depth of field, characterized in that the device comprises a projector I, a projector II and a dual-focal length holographic optical element; the dual-focal length holographic optical element is a reflective volume holographic grating, has the function of a lens array with two focal lengths, and is prepared through two holographic exposure processes: the first holographic exposure device of the dual-focal length holographic optical element comprises a mask plate, a lens array I, a lens array II and a holographic material, the optical interval between the lens array I and the lens array II is g 1 , the mask plate is arranged in a matrix of light-transmitting units and light-blocking units, the light-transmitting unit width is w, the center spacing between adjacent light-transmitting units is equal to the pitch p of the lens array, and the width of the transmitted light beam is controlled by changing the size of the light-transmitting units; the second holographic exposure device of the dual-focal length holographic optical element comprises a lens array I, a lens array II and a holographic material, the optical interval between the lens array I and the lens array II is g 2 ; in the two holographic exposure devices, the focal length of the lens array I is f a , and the focal length of the lens array II is f b , the pitch of lens array I and lens array II are the same, both are p, the thickness is d, the refractive index is n, the holographic material is coated on a transparent glass substrate, the holographic material is tightly attached to lens array II, and the mask is tightly attached to lens array I; the projector I projects searchlight I containing micro-image array I onto the dual-focal length holographic optical element, the searchlight I satisfies Bragg condition I, the dual-focal length holographic optical element exhibits the function of a lens array with a focal length of f 1 , and modulates the information of micro-image array I in the searchlight I, and reconstructs a 3D image I near the central depth plane I; the projector II projects searchlight II containing micro-image array II onto the dual-focal length holographic optical element, the searchlight II satisfies Bragg condition II, the dual-focal length holographic optical element exhibits a focal length of f 2 , and modulates the information of the micro-image array II in the searchlight II, and reconstructs a 3D image II near the central depth plane II; when the projector I and the projector II respectively project the searchlight I and the searchlight II onto the dual-focal length holographic optical element at the same time, two different 3D images are reconstructed near the two central depth planes; the incident angles of the reference wave I of the first holographic exposure and the reference wave II of the second holographic exposure need to have a certain angle difference, and the difference in the incident angles of the reference wave I and the reference wave II needs to be greater than the half-angle bandwidth Δθ of the dual-focal length holographic optical element to avoid crosstalk between the two groups of reproduced lights that meet the Bragg conditions I and the Bragg conditions II, and the ambient light that does not meet the Bragg conditions I and the Bragg conditions II will directly pass through the dual-focal length holographic optical element, thereby realizing an optical transmission-type integrated imaging 3D display with a large depth of field. 2.根据权利要求1所述的大景深的光学透射式集成成像3D显示装置，其特征在于，在所述双焦距全息光学元件的第一次全息曝光过程中，信号波Ⅰ为一束平行光，经过掩膜板透光单元后经过透镜阵列Ⅰ和透镜阵列Ⅱ并垂直入射至全息材料上，参考波Ⅰ为一束发散的球面波，与信号波Ⅰ具有相同的波长和偏振态，信号波Ⅰ与参考波Ⅰ分别位于全息材料的两侧，参考波Ⅰ以入射角θr1入射至全息材料上，并与信号波Ⅰ发生干涉，在全息材料上记录下干涉条纹，完成所述双焦距全息光学元件的第一次全息曝光，第一次全息曝光记录的是焦距为f1的透镜阵列组的光学调制功能，其焦距f1可表示为掩膜板透光单元宽度为在所述双焦距全息光学元件的第二次全息曝光过程中，信号波Ⅱ为一束平行光，经过透镜阵列Ⅰ和透镜阵列Ⅱ之后垂直入射至全息材料上，参考波Ⅱ为一束发散的球面波，与信号波Ⅱ具有相同的波长和偏振态，信号波Ⅱ与参考波Ⅱ分别位于全息材料的两侧，参考波Ⅱ以入射角θr2入射至全息材料上，并与信号波Ⅱ发生干涉，在全息材料上记录下干涉条纹，完成双焦距全息光学元件的第二次全息曝光，第二次全息曝光记录的是焦距为f2的透镜阵列组的光学调制功能，其焦距f2可表示为 2. The optical transmission integrated imaging 3D display device with a large depth of field according to claim 1 is characterized in that, during the first holographic exposure process of the dual-focal length holographic optical element, the signal wave I is a beam of parallel light, which passes through the light-transmitting unit of the mask plate and then passes through the lens array I and the lens array II and is vertically incident on the holographic material, the reference wave I is a beam of divergent spherical waves, which has the same wavelength and polarization state as the signal wave I, the signal wave I and the reference wave I are respectively located on both sides of the holographic material, the reference wave I is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle θr1 , and interferes with the signal wave I, recording interference fringes on the holographic material, completing the first holographic exposure of the dual-focal length holographic optical element, and the first holographic exposure records the optical modulation function of the lens array group with a focal length of f1 , and its focal length f1 can be expressed as The width of the light-transmitting unit of the mask is In the second holographic exposure process of the dual-focal length holographic optical element, the signal wave II is a beam of parallel light, which is vertically incident on the holographic material after passing through the lens array I and the lens array II. The reference wave II is a beam of divergent spherical waves, which has the same wavelength and polarization state as the signal wave II. The signal wave II and the reference wave II are respectively located on both sides of the holographic material. The reference wave II is incident on the holographic material at an incident angle θ r2 , and interferes with the signal wave II, recording interference fringes on the holographic material, completing the second holographic exposure of the dual-focal length holographic optical element. The second holographic exposure records the optical modulation function of the lens array group with a focal length of f 2 , and its focal length f 2 can be expressed as 3.根据权利要求1所述的大景深的光学透射式集成成像3D显示装置，其特征在于，在大景深的光学透射式集成成像3D显示过程中，所述投影机Ⅰ投射的探照光Ⅰ包含微图像阵列Ⅰ的信息，且探照光Ⅰ的波长和入射角与参考波Ⅰ的波长和入射角相同，满足所述双焦距全息光学元件的布拉格条件Ⅰ，此时所述双焦距全息光学元件的再现光为焦距为f1的球面波阵列，在f1处生成中心深度平面Ⅰ，从而实现焦距为f1的透镜阵列组的光学调制功能，对探照光Ⅰ中的微图像阵列Ⅰ的信息进行调制，并在中心深度平面Ⅰ附近再现出3D图像Ⅰ；所述投影机Ⅱ投射的探照光Ⅱ包含微图像阵列Ⅱ的信息，且探照光Ⅱ的波长和入射角与参考波Ⅱ的波长和入射角相同，满足所述双焦距全息光学元件的布拉格条件Ⅱ，此时所述双焦距全息光学元件的再现光为焦距为f2的球面波阵列，在f2处生成中心深度平面Ⅱ，从而实现焦距为f2的透镜阵列组的光学调制功能，对探照光Ⅱ中的微图像阵列Ⅱ的信息进行调制，并在中心深度平面Ⅱ附近再现出3D图像Ⅱ；当所述投影机Ⅰ和投影机Ⅱ分别将满足布拉格条件Ⅰ的探照光Ⅰ和满足布拉格条件Ⅱ的探照光Ⅱ同时投射至所述双焦距全息光学元件上时，所述双焦距全息光学元件将同时再现出两种焦距的球面波阵列，同时生成中心深度平面Ⅰ和中心深度平面Ⅱ，分别对微图像阵列Ⅰ和微图像阵列Ⅱ的信息进行调制，同时在中心深度平面Ⅰ附近再现出3D图像Ⅰ和在中心深度平面Ⅱ附近再现出3D图像Ⅱ，实现景深的增大。3. The optical transmission integrated imaging 3D display device with a large depth of field according to claim 1, characterized in that, during the optical transmission integrated imaging 3D display process with a large depth of field, the searchlight I projected by the projector I contains the information of the micro-image array I, and the wavelength and the incident angle of the searchlight I are the same as the wavelength and the incident angle of the reference wave I, satisfying the Bragg condition I of the dual-focal length holographic optical element, at which time the reproduced light of the dual-focal length holographic optical element is a spherical wave array with a focal length of f1 , generating a central depth plane I at f1 , thereby realizing the optical modulation function of the lens array group with a focal length of f1 , modulating the information of the micro-image array I in the searchlight I, and reproducing the 3D image I near the central depth plane I; the searchlight II projected by the projector II contains the information of the micro-image array II, and the wavelength and the incident angle of the searchlight II are the same as the wavelength and the incident angle of the reference wave II, satisfying the Bragg condition II of the dual-focal length holographic optical element, at which time the reproduced light of the dual-focal length holographic optical element is a spherical wave array with a focal length of f1, generating a central depth plane I at f1, thereby realizing the optical modulation function of the lens array group with a focal length of f1, modulating the information of the micro-image array I in the searchlight I, and reproducing the 3D image I near the central depth plane I; 2 , generates a central depth plane II at f2 , thereby realizing the optical modulation function of the lens array group with a focal length of f2 , modulating the information of the micro-image array II in the searchlight II, and reproducing the 3D image II near the central depth plane II; when the projector I and the projector II respectively project the searchlight I that satisfies the Bragg condition I and the searchlight II that satisfies the Bragg condition II onto the dual-focal length holographic optical element, the dual-focal length holographic optical element will simultaneously reproduce spherical wave arrays of two focal lengths, and simultaneously generate the central depth plane I and the central depth plane II, respectively modulate the information of the micro-image array I and the micro-image array II, and simultaneously reproduce the 3D image I near the central depth plane I and the 3D image II near the central depth plane II, thereby realizing an increase in the depth of field.
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