Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a supercritical carbon dioxide compression and heat recovery system, which is used for solving the problem that the working performance of a heat recovery device is unstable due to disturbance caused by abrupt change of a structure in the heat recovery device due to rapid change of thermal physical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide under different thermal physical parameter conditions, and achieving the purpose of improving the stability and thermodynamic cycle efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression and heat recovery system.
(II) technical scheme
A supercritical carbon dioxide compression heat regeneration system comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, a heat regenerator inlet regulating valve, a compressor driving motor, a flowmeter, a densimeter, a pressure sensor and a data processing unit.
The heat regenerator is provided with a heat source channel and a working medium channel;
the flowmeter is arranged between the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor and the inlet regulating valve of the heat regenerator, is connected with the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor and the inlet of the heat regenerator through pipelines respectively, and is provided with a cable end for outputting measurement data;
The compressor shaft of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor is connected with the motor shaft of the compressor driving motor through a coupling, and the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor is the same as that of the compressor driving motor;
the number of the densimeter and the pressure sensor is more than or equal to 2, each densimeter and each pressure sensor are inserted into a working medium channel of the heat regenerator, and each densimeter and each pressure sensor are provided with a measuring end and a cable end;
The data processing unit is internally preset with a supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program, a supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table and a heat regenerator inlet regulating valve characteristic table, receives supercritical carbon dioxide density data transmitted by a densimeter and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure data transmitted by a pressure sensor, calculates and obtains heat physical parameters of a heat regenerator working medium channel outlet, sends an opening control signal to the heat regenerator inlet regulating valve, and sends a rotating speed control signal to a compressor driving motor;
The data processing unit is provided with a data acquisition end which is connected with a cable end of the densimeter and a cable end of the pressure sensor through cables, and a signal output end which is connected with a wiring terminal of the inlet regulating valve of the heat regenerator and a wiring terminal of the compressor driving motor through cables;
The heat source channel of the heat regenerator is filled with a heat fluid, the heat source channel is filled with supercritical carbon dioxide, the inlet of the working medium channel is connected with the outlet of the flowmeter through a pipeline;
The measuring ends of the densimeter and the pressure sensor are in direct contact with the flowing medium in the working medium channel, and the cable ends of the densimeter and the pressure sensor are connected with the data processing unit through cables;
The supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameter of the outlet of the working medium channel of the heat regenerator changes along with the opening change of the regulating valve at the inlet of the heat regenerator;
the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table preset by the data processing unit describes the relation among parameters such as the density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and heat conductivity of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, and the values of all the parameters such as the density, the pressure, the temperature, the specific heat, the specific enthalpy, the dynamic viscosity and the heat conductivity can be obtained according to the values of any two parameters such as the density, the pressure, the temperature, the specific heat, the specific enthalpy, the dynamic viscosity and the heat conductivity;
The supercritical carbon dioxide flowing heat exchange calculation program preset by the data processing unit calculates and obtains the numerical values of parameters such as the speed, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, heat conductivity coefficient and the like of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid at the inlet of the working medium channel according to the thermophysical parameters of the hot fluid;
The data processing unit presets a heat regenerator inlet regulating valve characteristic table which describes the relation among the opening of a heat regenerator inlet regulating valve, the supercritical carbon dioxide flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, heat conductivity and other thermal physical parameters of a working medium channel inlet, the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor outlet can be obtained according to the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide of the working medium channel inlet and the opening of the heat regenerator inlet regulating valve, and when the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor outlet and the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide of the working medium channel inlet are fixed, the opening of the heat regenerator inlet regulating valve corresponding to the optimal efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor can be calculated according to the heat regenerator inlet regulating valve characteristic table;
the preset supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table of the data processing unit describes the relation among the rotating speed and efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, the supercritical carbon dioxide flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, heat conductivity and other thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor outlet, the efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor can be obtained according to the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor outlet and the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, when the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor outlet are fixed, the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be obtained according to the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table, and when the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor is fixed, the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor outlet corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be obtained according to the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table;
The opening control signal output by the signal output end of the data processing unit is used for controlling the opening of the inlet regulating valve of the heat regenerator, and the rotating speed control signal output by the signal output end of the data processing unit is used for controlling the rotating speed of the driving motor of the compressor.
(III) technical effects
The data processing unit receives signals transmitted by the plurality of densimeters and the pressure sensors through cables, the flow and heat transfer performance of the heat regenerator is accurately predicted by a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program according to a preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, a rotating speed control signal is sent to a compressor driving motor according to a prediction result, an opening control signal is sent to a heat regenerator inlet regulating valve, the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor is enabled to operate at an optimal efficiency working point, and the system stability and thermodynamic cycle efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression heat regeneration system are improved.
Description of the embodiments
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "thermophysical properties," "conduit," "connection," and "connection" are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connection" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, may be a mechanical connection, may be an electrical connection, may be a direct connection, may be an indirect connection via an intermediary, or may be a communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The supercritical carbon dioxide compression and heat recovery system provided by the embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1, and comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1, a heat regenerator 2, a heat regenerator inlet regulating valve 3, a compressor driving motor 4, a flowmeter 5, a first densimeter 61, a second densimeter 62, a first pressure sensor 71, a second pressure sensor 72 and a data processing unit 8.
The compressor shaft 101 of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 is connected with the motor shaft 41 of the compressor driving motor 4 through the coupling 9, and the rotation speed of the compressor shaft 101 of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 is the same as that of the motor shaft 41 of the compressor driving motor 4;
the heat regenerator 2 is provided with a heat source channel 201 and a working medium channel 202;
The flowmeter 5 is arranged between the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 and the inlet regulating valve 3 of the heat regenerator, and the flowmeter 5 is connected with the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 and the inlet of the inlet regulating valve 3 of the heat regenerator through pipelines;
The first densimeter 61, the second densimeter 62 and the first pressure sensor 71, the second pressure sensor 72 are all inserted on the working medium channel 202 of the regenerator 2, the first densimeter 61 is provided with a first densimeter measuring end 611 and a first densimeter cable end 612, the second densimeter 62 is provided with a second densimeter measuring end 621 and a second densimeter cable end 622, the first pressure sensor 71 is provided with a first pressure sensor measuring end 711 and a first pressure sensor cable end 712, and the second pressure sensor 72 is provided with a second pressure sensor measuring end 721 and a second pressure sensor cable end 722;
The first data acquisition end 811 of the data processing unit 8 is connected by a cable to the cable end 612 of the densitometer 61, the second data acquisition end 812 is connected by a cable to the cable end 622 of the densitometer 62, the third data acquisition end 813 is connected by a cable to the cable end 712 of the pressure sensor 71, the fourth data acquisition end 814 is connected by a cable to the cable end 722 of the pressure sensor 72, the fifth data acquisition end 815 is connected by a cable to the flow meter cable end 51;
The first signal output terminal 821 of the data processing unit 8 is connected with the regenerator inlet regulating valve wiring terminal 31 through a cable, outputs an opening control signal to the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 for controlling the opening of the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3, and the second signal output terminal 822 is connected with the compressor driving motor wiring terminal 42 through a cable, and outputs a rotation speed control signal to the compressor driving motor 4 for controlling the rotation speed of the compressor driving motor 4.
The data processing unit 8 is internally preset with a supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program and a supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table, receives supercritical carbon dioxide density data transmitted by the first densimeter 61 and the second densimeter 62 and the first pressure sensor 71, calculates and obtains the thermophysical parameters of the outlet of the working medium channel 202 of the regenerator 2 after the supercritical carbon dioxide pressure data transmitted by the second pressure sensor 72, sends an opening control signal to the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3, and sends a rotating speed control signal to the compressor driving motor;
The heat source channel 201 of the heat regenerator 2 is filled with a heat fluid, the working medium channel 202 is filled with supercritical carbon dioxide, and the inlet of the working medium channel 202 is connected with the outlet of the heat regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 through a pipeline;
The first densimeter measuring end 611, the second densimeter measuring end 621, the first pressure sensor measuring end 711 and the second pressure sensor measuring end 721 are in direct contact with supercritical carbon dioxide of the medium flowing in the working medium channel 202;
The supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters of the inlet of the working medium channel 202 are changed along with the change of the opening degree of the regulating valve 3 of the inlet of the heat regenerator, the opening degrees of the regulating valve 3 of the inlet of the heat regenerator are different, the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters of the inlet of the working medium channel 202 are also different, and the specific relation between the opening degree and the thermal physical parameters is determined by the characteristic table of the regulating valve 3 of the inlet of the heat regenerator;
With reference to fig. 2, a workflow of the data processing unit 8 is described, comprising the steps of:
Step S1, the supercritical carbon dioxide density and pressure measured by the densitometers 61, 62 and the pressure sensors 71, 72 are received.
Specifically, the data processing unit 8 presets a table of thermal physical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide describing the relationship among parameters such as density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, and values of all parameters such as density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity can be obtained according to values of any two parameters such as density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity;
and S2, substituting the received density and pressure measurement values into a preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table to obtain the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters in the working medium channel 202.
Step S3, a preset supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program reads the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters in the working medium channel, and calculates the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters of the inlet of the working medium channel 202.
Specifically, a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program preset by the data processing unit 8 calculates and obtains numerical values of parameters such as supercritical carbon dioxide fluid speed, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, heat conductivity coefficient and the like of the inlet of the working medium channel 202 according to the thermophysical parameters of the hot fluid;
and S4, substituting the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters of the inlet of the working medium channel 202 into a preset characteristic table of the inlet regulating valve of the heat regenerator to obtain the opening degree of the inlet regulating valve 3 of the heat regenerator and the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters of the inlet of the regulating valve 3 of the heat regenerator.
And S5, sending an opening control signal to the inlet regulating valve 3 of the heat regenerator.
Specifically, a pre-set regenerator inlet regulating valve characteristic table of the data processing unit 8 describes a relationship between the opening of the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 and the thermal physical parameters such as the flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, heat conductivity and the like of supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 and the inlet of the working medium channel 202, and according to the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the working medium channel 202, the opening of the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 and the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 can be obtained, and when the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the working medium channel 202 are fixed, the opening of the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 corresponding to the optimal efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 is calculated according to the regenerator inlet regulating valve characteristic table;
And S6, substituting the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters of the outlet of the heat regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 into a preset supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table to obtain the rotating speed corresponding to the working point of the optimal efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1.
And S7, sending a rotating speed control signal to the compressor driving motor 4.
Specifically, the preset supercritical carbon dioxide compressor characteristic table of the data processing unit 8 describes the relationship among the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1, the flow rate, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity, heat conductivity and other thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1, the efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 can be obtained according to the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide and the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 2, when the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 is fixed, the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be calculated according to the characteristic table of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1, and when the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 are fixed, the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be calculated according to the characteristic table of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1;
For example, the data processing unit 8 receives signals transmitted by two densitometers and two pressure sensors through cables, and according to a preset thermal physical property table of supercritical carbon dioxide, a thermal physical property parameter of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of a working medium channel is calculated by a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program to be at a temperature 438.67 ℃, a density of 132.17kg/m 3, a specific heat of 1.22kJ/kg DEG C, a specific enthalpy of 900.12 kJ/kg, a dynamic viscosity of 3.39E-05 Pa.s, a heat conductivity of 0.05W/m DEG C and a flow rate of 12m/s, a signal output end 82 sends a control signal with an opening degree controlled at 40 ℃ to the regenerator inlet regulating valve 3 and sends a control signal with a rotation speed controlled at 26000rpm to the compressor driving motor 4, and at this time, the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor 1 stably operates at an optimal efficiency working condition point, and the operation efficiency reaches 85%.
According to the supercritical carbon dioxide compression and heat recovery system provided by the invention, the data processing unit is arranged to receive measurement signals transmitted by the plurality of densitometers and the pressure sensors through the cables, the flow and heat transfer performance of the heat recovery device is accurately predicted by the supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program according to the preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, the rotating speed control signal is sent to the compressor driving motor according to the prediction result, the opening control signal is sent to the heat recovery device inlet regulating valve, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor is operated at the optimal efficiency working point, and the system stability and the thermodynamic cycle efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression and heat recovery system are improved.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.