CN116395608A - Logistics carrying forklift in intensive storage space - Google Patents

Logistics carrying forklift in intensive storage space Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116395608A
CN116395608A CN202310676742.5A CN202310676742A CN116395608A CN 116395608 A CN116395608 A CN 116395608A CN 202310676742 A CN202310676742 A CN 202310676742A CN 116395608 A CN116395608 A CN 116395608A
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fork
forklift
car body
vehicle body
guide rails
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CN116395608B (en
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衣峰辉
衣学航
侯杰
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Shandong Mingyu Heavy Industry Machinery Co Ltd
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Shandong Mingyu Heavy Industry Machinery Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/12Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
    • B66F9/16Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members inclinable relative to mast
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07504Accessories, e.g. for towing, charging, locking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/24Electrical devices or systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及货物搬运设备的领域,尤其是涉及一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车,包括:车体;两门型导轨,对称设置于车体的两侧;两竖直导轨,分别竖直固定于车体的前后两端;水平导轨,水平固定于车体的上侧,所述水平导轨的两端与两竖直导轨的上端连通;滑台,沿门型导轨的轨迹滑移于两门型导轨之间;货叉,沿水平导轨的长度方向滑移于滑台上侧,以实现货叉两端相对与滑台位置的切换;调节机构,设置于货叉与滑台之间,用于驱动货叉运动;驱动机构,设置于车体内,用于驱动滑台往复运动于两竖直导轨与水平导轨之间。具有能够减少因叉车调头所需占用较多的仓储空间,并克服在直线往复运货时因频繁调头造成的作业效率低下的问题。

Figure 202310676742

The present invention relates to the field of cargo handling equipment, in particular to a logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space, comprising: a vehicle body; two door-shaped guide rails symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle body; fixed directly at the front and rear ends of the car body; horizontal guide rails are horizontally fixed on the upper side of the car body, and the two ends of the horizontal guide rails communicate with the upper ends of the two vertical guide rails; Between the two door-type guide rails; the fork slides on the upper side of the slide table along the length direction of the horizontal guide rail to realize the switching between the two ends of the fork and the position of the slide table; the adjustment mechanism is set between the fork and the slide table , used to drive the movement of the cargo fork; the driving mechanism is arranged in the car body and used to drive the sliding table to reciprocate between the two vertical guide rails and the horizontal guide rail. The utility model can reduce the storage space occupied by the forklift turning around, and overcome the problem of low operating efficiency caused by frequent turning around when the goods are transported back and forth in a straight line.

Figure 202310676742

Description

一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车A logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及货物搬运设备的领域,尤其是涉及一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车。The present application relates to the field of cargo handling equipment, in particular to a logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space.

背景技术Background technique

叉车是一种用于搬运和堆垛货物的机械设备,其主要特点是具有叉形货叉,可以提升和降低货物,以及前后移动和转弯操作。叉车主要由底盘、动力系统、起升系统、转向系统、制动系统、控制系统和附属设备组成。其中,底盘是整个车身的主体,动力系统用于提供叉车的动力,起升系统用于提升和降低货物,转向系统用于叉车的转向操作,制动系统用于控制叉车的停止和减速,控制系统用于控制叉车的运行和操作,附属设备用于提高叉车的安全性和舒适性。叉车通常用于仓库、物流中心、制造业、码头、机场等场所,是现代物流和生产中不可或缺的设备之一。A forklift is a kind of mechanical equipment used to carry and stack goods. Its main feature is that it has a fork-shaped fork that can lift and lower goods, as well as move forward and backward and turn. A forklift is mainly composed of a chassis, a power system, a lifting system, a steering system, a braking system, a control system and ancillary equipment. Among them, the chassis is the main body of the whole body, the power system is used to provide the power of the forklift, the lifting system is used to lift and lower the goods, the steering system is used for the steering operation of the forklift, and the braking system is used to control the stop and deceleration of the forklift. The system is used to control the operation and operation of the forklift, and the auxiliary equipment is used to improve the safety and comfort of the forklift. Forklifts are usually used in warehouses, logistics centers, manufacturing, docks, airports and other places, and are one of the indispensable equipment in modern logistics and production.

在当下的仓储物流领域中,尤其是密集式的仓储区域内,由于货物一般体积较小,但摆放密集度相对较高,货物间的通道较为狭窄,便会采用AGV叉车实现货物的搬运,AGV叉车是一种无人驾驶的叉车,它可以根据预设的程序和轨迹自主行驶,实现自动搬运和堆垛货物。In the current field of warehousing and logistics, especially in intensive warehousing areas, because the goods are generally small in size, but the density of placement is relatively high, and the passage between goods is relatively narrow, AGV forklifts will be used to carry goods. AGV forklift is a kind of unmanned forklift, which can drive autonomously according to preset programs and trajectories, and realize automatic handling and stacking of goods.

即便AGV叉车的尺寸相较于传统叉车的尺寸较小,但由于货叉的原因,使得AGV叉车的整体长度依然较长,这就导致在AGV叉车在搬运货物时,依然需要较大的空间才能够实现调头,为解决这一问题,往往需要加宽仓储空间内的通道又或者在仓储空间内设置若干能够用于AGV叉车掉头的区域,以顺利实现AGV叉车的调头,但无论采用上述的何种方式都会占用仓储区域内较多的空间,且由于AGV叉车调头这一动作,也进一步的增加了叉车控制的复杂度,尤其在一些需要直线往返运货的区域内,需要AGV叉车频繁不断的调头,使得AGV叉车搬运作业效率也大大降低。Even though the size of the AGV forklift is smaller than that of the traditional forklift, the overall length of the AGV forklift is still longer due to the fork, which leads to the need for a larger space when the AGV forklift is carrying goods. U-turn can be realized. In order to solve this problem, it is often necessary to widen the passages in the storage space or set up several areas in the storage space that can be used for AGV forklifts to turn around, so as to smoothly realize the U-turn of AGV forklifts. Both methods will occupy a lot of space in the storage area, and because the AGV forklift turns around, it further increases the complexity of forklift control, especially in some areas that require straight-line round-trip transportation, AGV forklifts are required to frequently and continuously Turning around, the efficiency of AGV forklift handling operations is also greatly reduced.

因此,亟需提供一种叉车,一方面减少因叉车调头所需占用较多的仓储空间,另一方面克服在直线往复运货时因频繁调头造成的作业效率低下的问题。Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a forklift that, on the one hand, reduces the storage space required for the forklift to turn around, and on the other hand, overcomes the problem of low operating efficiency caused by frequent turns when reciprocating goods in a straight line.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了能够减少因叉车调头所需占用较多的仓储空间,并克服在直线往复运货时因频繁调头造成的作业效率低下的问题,本申请提供了一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车。In order to reduce the storage space occupied by the forklift turning around, and to overcome the problem of low operating efficiency caused by frequent turning around when transporting goods in a straight line, the application provides a logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space.

本申请提供的一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车,采用如下的技术方案:The logistics handling forklift in the dense storage space provided by this application adopts the following technical scheme:

一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车,包括:A logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space, including:

车体;car body;

两门型导轨,对称设置于车体的两侧;Two-door guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the car body;

两竖直导轨,分别竖直固定于车体的前后两端;Two vertical guide rails are respectively vertically fixed at the front and rear ends of the car body;

水平导轨,水平固定于车体的上侧,所述水平导轨的两端与两竖直导轨的上端连通;The horizontal guide rail is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the car body, and the two ends of the horizontal guide rail communicate with the upper ends of the two vertical guide rails;

滑台,沿门型导轨的轨迹滑移于两门型导轨之间;The slide table slides between the two door-type guide rails along the track of the door-type guide rails;

货叉,沿水平导轨的长度方向滑移于滑台上侧,以实现货叉两端相对与滑台位置的切换;The fork slides on the upper side of the slide table along the length direction of the horizontal guide rail, so as to realize the switching between the two ends of the fork and the position of the slide table;

调节机构,设置于货叉与滑台之间,用于驱动货叉运动;The adjustment mechanism is arranged between the fork and the slide table, and is used to drive the movement of the fork;

驱动机构,设置于车体内,用于驱动滑台往复运动于两竖直导轨与水平导轨之间。The driving mechanism is arranged in the car body and is used to drive the slide table to reciprocate between the two vertical guide rails and the horizontal guide rails.

可选的,所述货叉的下侧沿其长度方向设有滑槽;Optionally, the underside of the fork is provided with a chute along its length;

所述滑台上侧固定有滑块,所述滑块滑移于滑槽内。A slide block is fixed on the upper side of the slide table, and the slide block slides in the chute.

可选的,所述调节机构包括:Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes:

调节齿轮,转动设置于滑台,对应货叉设置;Adjust the gear, rotate and set it on the slide table, corresponding to the setting of the fork;

调节齿条,沿货叉的长度方向设置于货叉侧面,与所述调节齿轮啮合;The adjustment rack is arranged on the side of the fork along the length direction of the fork and meshes with the adjustment gear;

第一驱动元件,固定于滑台,用于驱动调节齿轮转动。The first drive element is fixed on the slide table and is used to drive the adjustment gear to rotate.

可选的,所述滑台的两端均转动设置有导轮,Optionally, both ends of the slide table are rotatably provided with guide wheels,

所述导轮适配于所述门型导轨内,以实现所述滑台能够沿所述门型导轨滑移。The guide wheels are adapted in the door-shaped guide rail, so as to realize that the slide table can slide along the door-shaped guide rail.

可选的,所述驱动机构包括:Optionally, the drive mechanism includes:

两导向齿条,沿门型导轨的轨迹设置,对称固定于两门型导轨;Two guide racks are arranged along the trajectory of the door-shaped guide rails, and are symmetrically fixed on the two door-shaped guide rails;

两导向齿轮,转动设置于滑台的两端,用于与两导向齿条啮合;Two guide gears are rotatably arranged at both ends of the sliding table, and are used to mesh with the two guide racks;

第二驱动元件,固定于滑台,用于驱动导向齿轮转动。The second driving element is fixed on the slide table and is used to drive the guide gear to rotate.

可选的,还包括:Optionally, also include:

叉板,沿货叉的长度方向设置于货叉的两端,所述叉板铰接于货叉,以实现叉板能够由水平状态向上摆动;The fork plate is arranged at both ends of the fork along the length direction of the fork, and the fork plate is hinged to the fork so that the fork plate can swing upward from the horizontal state;

伸缩缸,所述伸缩缸的缸体铰接于货叉且所述伸缩缸的伸缩杆铰接于叉板,用于驱动插摆动。The telescopic cylinder, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the fork and the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the fork plate, is used to drive the insertion and swing.

可选的,还包括:Optionally, also include:

回转盘,水平设置在车体的下侧中部,所述回转盘转动设置于车体;The turntable is horizontally arranged in the middle part of the lower side of the car body, and the turntable is rotatably arranged on the car body;

回转驱动件,固定于车体,用于驱动回转盘转动;The slewing drive part is fixed on the car body and is used to drive the slewing disc to rotate;

四个舵轮,呈中心对称的固定于回转盘下侧。The four steering wheels are symmetrically fixed on the lower side of the turntable.

可选的,还包括:Optionally, also include:

万向轮,安装于车体的底部两侧各两个。Two universal wheels are installed on both sides of the bottom of the car body.

可选的,还包括:Optionally, also include:

两侧板,竖直设置于车体的两侧。The side panels are vertically arranged on both sides of the vehicle body.

可选的,还包括:Optionally, also include:

竖直推缸,竖直固定于车体的两侧,用于带动侧板竖直运动,以使侧板上端高于或低于车体的上侧。The vertical push cylinder is vertically fixed on both sides of the car body, and is used to drive the side plate to move vertically, so that the top of the side plate is higher or lower than the upper side of the car body.

综上所述,本申请至少包括以下有益技术效果:In summary, the present application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

在货物的运输过程中,货物能够随滑台和货叉的运动,而提升至车体的上侧,在此状态下由于货叉与货物均位于车体的上侧,大大的降低了车体的整体长度,因而此状态下,车体的调头占用空间也会极大的降低,提高了仓储空间的利用率;During the transportation of goods, the goods can be lifted to the upper side of the car body with the movement of the slide table and the fork. In this state, since the fork and the goods are located on the upper side of the car body, the car body is greatly reduced. Therefore, in this state, the space occupied by the U-turn of the car body will be greatly reduced, and the utilization rate of the storage space will be improved;

货叉两端相对滑台之间的位置调换,配合滑台能够于车体前方与后方之间往返运动,使叉车在整个直线往复运货过程中,无需车体的调头,便可实现货物的转换,相较于传统的调头送货的方式较大的提高了作业效率。The positions of the two ends of the fork relative to the sliding table are exchanged, and the sliding table can move back and forth between the front and rear of the car body, so that the forklift can realize the goods without turning around the car body during the whole linear reciprocating transportation process. Compared with the traditional U-turn delivery method, the operation efficiency has been greatly improved.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本申请实施例中密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车的底部结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the logistics handling forklift in the intensive storage space in the embodiment of the present application;

图2是本申请实施例中密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车的回转盘结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the turntable of the logistics handling forklift in the intensive storage space in the embodiment of the present application;

图3是本申请实施例中密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车的整体结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the logistics handling forklift in the intensive storage space in the embodiment of the present application;

图4是本申请实施例中密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车的滑台结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the slide table of the logistics handling forklift in the dense storage space in the embodiment of the present application;

图5是本申请实施例中密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车的货叉爆炸结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a fork of a logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space in an embodiment of the present application.

附图标记说明:Explanation of reference signs:

1、车体;11、回转驱动件;12、万向轮;2、回转盘;21、舵轮;3、门型导轨;31、竖直导轨;32、水平导轨;33、导向齿条;4、滑台;41、导轮;42、导向齿轮;43、第二驱动元件;44、滑块;45、调节齿轮;46、第一驱动元件;5、货叉;51、滑槽;52、调节齿条;53、叉板;54、伸缩缸;6、侧板;61、竖直推缸。1. Car body; 11. Rotary drive; 12. Universal wheel; 2. Rotary disc; 21. Steering wheel; 3. Door-shaped guide rail; 31. Vertical guide rail; 32. Horizontal guide rail; 33. Guide rack; 4 , slide table; 41, guide wheel; 42, guide gear; 43, second drive element; 44, slider; 45, adjustment gear; 46, first drive element; 5, fork; 51, chute; 52, Adjust rack; 53, fork plate; 54, telescopic cylinder; 6, side plate; 61, vertically push cylinder.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合附图,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

参照图1和图2,一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车,包括车体1,车体1整体呈长方体状结构,车体1的下底面中部转动连接有轴线竖直设置的回转盘2,车体1对应回转盘2的上侧还设置有回转驱动件11,用于驱动车体1与回转盘2相对转动,具体的,回转驱动件11可以采用伺服电机,以保证车体1与回转盘2转动角度的精准性。Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space includes a car body 1, which is in the shape of a cuboid as a whole, and the middle part of the lower bottom surface of the car body 1 is rotatably connected to a rotary plate with a vertical axis. 2. The upper side of the car body 1 corresponding to the turntable 2 is also provided with a rotary drive member 11, which is used to drive the car body 1 and the turntable 2 to rotate relative to each other. Specifically, the rotary drive member 11 can use a servo motor to ensure that the car body 1 The accuracy of the rotation angle with the turntable 2.

参照图1和图2,回转盘2的下侧以其轴线为中心对称设置有四个自带动力的舵轮21,四个舵轮21均固定于回转盘2,用于带动回转盘2移动,从而带动车体1随回转盘2同步转动,车体1的底部两侧还均安装有两万向轮12,两万向轮12用于辅助舵轮21支撑车体1,以减少舵轮21承受的负载,并提高车体1的稳定性。Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, four self-powered steering wheels 21 are symmetrically arranged on the lower side of the rotary disk 2 with its axis as the center, and the four steering wheels 21 are all fixed on the rotary disk 2 for driving the rotary disk 2 to move, thereby The car body 1 is driven to rotate synchronously with the rotary disc 2. Two universal wheels 12 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the car body 1. The two universal wheels 12 are used to assist the steering wheel 21 to support the car body 1, so as to reduce the load on the steering wheel 21. , and improve the stability of the car body 1.

参照图1和图2,当需要实现车体1的转动时,通过四个舵轮21和能够带动回转盘2转动的回转驱动件11,既能够实现车体1各种角度路径的移动,又能够直接实现车体1原位360°的旋转,而万向轮12则可以提高车体1运动过程中的稳定性,以满足叉车在仓储空间内不同路径的运动需求。Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, when it is necessary to realize the rotation of the car body 1, through the four steering wheels 21 and the rotary drive member 11 capable of driving the rotary disc 2 to rotate, the movement of the car body 1 in various angle paths can be realized, and the movement of the car body 1 can be realized. Directly realize the 360° rotation of the car body 1 in situ, and the universal wheels 12 can improve the stability of the car body 1 during movement, so as to meet the movement requirements of the forklift in different paths in the storage space.

参照图3,车体1的两侧对称的设置有门型导轨3。Referring to FIG. 3 , door-shaped guide rails 3 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the vehicle body 1 .

参照图3,具体的,门型导轨3包括两竖直导轨31以及一水平导轨32。两竖直导轨31分别固定于车体1的前后两端,水平导轨32沿车体1的长度方向固定于车体1的上侧,且水平导轨32的两端均与两竖直导轨31的上端连通。Referring to FIG. 3 , specifically, the door-shaped guide rail 3 includes two vertical guide rails 31 and a horizontal guide rail 32 . Two vertical guide rails 31 are respectively fixed on the front and back ends of the car body 1, and the horizontal guide rail 32 is fixed on the upper side of the car body 1 along the length direction of the car body 1, and the two ends of the horizontal guide rail 32 are all connected with the two vertical guide rails 31. The upper end is connected.

参照图3和图4,两门型导轨3之间设置有滑台4,滑台4沿车体1的宽度方向设置,且滑台4的两端分别滑移于两门型导轨3,具体的,滑台4的两端分别转动连接一导轮41,两导轮41同轴设置,且两导轮41分别插设于门型导轨3内,并与两门型导轨3滑移适配。滑台4与两门型导轨3之间还设置有驱动机构,用于驱动滑台4沿两门型导轨3移动,从而使滑台4在车体1前方、上侧以及后方之间往复运动。Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a slide table 4 is arranged between the two door-shaped guide rails 3, the slide table 4 is arranged along the width direction of the car body 1, and the two ends of the slide table 4 slide respectively on the two door-shaped guide rails 3, specifically The two ends of the sliding table 4 are respectively connected with a guide wheel 41, and the two guide wheels 41 are coaxially arranged, and the two guide wheels 41 are respectively inserted in the door-shaped guide rails 3, and are slidingly adapted to the two door-shaped guide rails 3 . A driving mechanism is also provided between the slide table 4 and the two-door guide rails 3 for driving the slide table 4 to move along the two-door guide rails 3, so that the slide table 4 reciprocates between the front, upper side and rear of the vehicle body 1 .

参照图3和图4,具体的,驱动机构包括沿门型导轨3的轨迹并成型于门型导轨3一侧的导向齿条33以及分别转动连接于滑台4两端的导向齿轮42,两导向齿轮42分别啮合于两门型导轨3一侧的导向齿条33,滑台4的两端还均固定有第二驱动元件43,用于驱动导向齿轮42转动,第二驱动元件43同样可以采用伺服电机。3 and 4, specifically, the drive mechanism includes a guide rack 33 formed on one side of the door guide rail 3 along the track of the door guide rail 3 and guide gears 42 respectively rotatably connected to two ends of the slide table 4. The gears 42 are respectively meshed with the guide racks 33 on one side of the two door-shaped guide rails 3, and the two ends of the slide table 4 are also fixed with a second drive element 43 for driving the guide gear 42 to rotate. The second drive element 43 can also be used servo motor.

参照图3和图4,当需要滑台4进行移动时,第二驱动元件43带动两导向齿轮42转动,通过两导向齿轮42与两导向齿条33的啮合,配合两导轮41沿两门型导轨3的滑移适配,滑台4即可沿两门型导轨3的轨迹运动,从而使滑台4在车体1前方、上侧以及后方之间往复运动。With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, when need slide table 4 to move, the second driving element 43 drives two guide gears 42 to rotate, through the meshing of two guide gears 42 and two guide racks 33, coordinates two guide wheels 41 to move along the two doorways. Adapted to the sliding of the door-type guide rails 3, the slide table 4 can move along the track of the two door-type guide rails 3, so that the slide table 4 reciprocates between the front, upper side and rear of the car body 1.

参照图5,滑台4上侧水平设置有两相互平行的货叉5,两货叉5的长度方向沿车体1的长度方向设置,两货叉5的下侧均沿其长度方向设有滑槽51,滑槽51的截面呈T形,滑台4上对应两货叉5的位置均设有T形的滑块44,滑块44与滑槽51与适配,滑块44与滑槽51的相对滑移即可实现货叉5的两端与滑台4相对位置的调节。Referring to Fig. 5, two cargo forks 5 parallel to each other are arranged horizontally on the upper side of the slide table 4, the length direction of the two cargo forks 5 is arranged along the length direction of the car body 1, and the lower sides of the two cargo forks 5 are arranged along the length direction. Chute 51, the cross section of chute 51 is T-shaped, and the positions corresponding to two cargo forks 5 on the slide table 4 are all provided with T-shaped slide block 44, slide block 44 and chute 51 are adapted, slide block 44 and slide The relative sliding of the groove 51 can realize the adjustment of the relative positions of the two ends of the pallet fork 5 and the slide table 4 .

参照图4,进一步的,滑台4与货叉5之间还设有调节机构,用于实现货叉5相对于滑台4的运动。调节机构包括调节齿轮45以及调节齿条52,调节齿条52沿货叉5的长度方向固定于货叉5的侧面,调节齿轮45分别转动连接于滑台4,且调节齿轮45啮合于调节齿条52,滑台4对应两调节齿轮45的一侧均固定有第一驱动元件46,用于驱动调节齿轮45转动,第一驱动元件46可以采用伺服电机。Referring to FIG. 4 , further, an adjustment mechanism is provided between the slide table 4 and the fork 5 to realize the movement of the fork 5 relative to the slide table 4 . The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment gear 45 and an adjustment rack 52. The adjustment rack 52 is fixed on the side of the fork 5 along the length direction of the fork 5. The adjustment gears 45 are respectively rotatably connected to the slide table 4, and the adjustment gear 45 is engaged with the adjustment teeth. The bar 52 and the side of the sliding table 4 corresponding to the two adjustment gears 45 are all fixed with a first drive element 46 for driving the adjustment gear 45 to rotate. The first drive element 46 can be a servo motor.

参照图4和图5,当需要调节货叉5相对与滑台4的位置时,通过第一驱动元件46带动调节齿轮45原位转动,即可通过调节齿轮45与调节齿条52的啮合,带动货叉5相对于滑台4运动,从而调节货叉5相对于与滑台4位置,满足不同的作业需求。Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, when it is necessary to adjust the position of the pallet fork 5 relative to the slide table 4, the first driving element 46 drives the regulating gear 45 to rotate in situ, and the meshing between the regulating gear 45 and the regulating rack 52 can be achieved. Drive the fork 5 to move relative to the sliding table 4, thereby adjusting the position of the fork 5 relative to the sliding table 4 to meet different operation requirements.

参照图3,作业时,首先通过车体1移动至待取货位置处,然后通过驱动机构带动滑台4运动至车体1前方的竖直导轨31上端,并通过调节机构带动货叉5运动,从而使货叉5前端趋向远离车体1的方向运动,使货叉5凸出于车体1前方,然后通过驱动机构带动滑台4竖直运动,货叉5便随滑台4同步竖直向下运动,再通过车体1带动滑台4与货叉5同步运动,即可通过此时位于车体1前方的货叉5抬起货物,取货后,驱动机构带动滑台4沿车体1前方竖直导轨31竖直提升,至滑台4运动到竖直导轨31的上端,再通过驱动机构带动滑台4沿水平导轨32水平运动,货叉5随滑台4同步运动,实现将货物移送至车体1的上侧,在此状态下,即可通过车体1带动货物运动,且由于货叉5与货物均位于车体1的上侧,大大的降低了车体1的整体长度,因而此状态下,车体1调头占用空间也会极大的降低,提高了仓储空间的利用率。Referring to Fig. 3, during operation, the car body 1 is first moved to the position to be picked up, and then the driving mechanism drives the slide table 4 to move to the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31 in front of the car body 1, and the fork 5 is driven to move by the adjusting mechanism , so that the front end of the fork 5 tends to move away from the car body 1, so that the fork 5 protrudes from the front of the car body 1, and then the driving mechanism drives the sliding table 4 to move vertically, and the fork 5 is vertically synchronized with the sliding table 4. Move straight down, and then drive the sliding table 4 and the fork 5 to move synchronously through the car body 1, and then lift the goods through the fork 5 located in front of the car body 1 at this time. After picking up the goods, the driving mechanism drives the sliding table 4 along the The vertical guide rail 31 in front of the car body 1 is lifted vertically until the slide table 4 moves to the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31, and then the drive mechanism drives the slide table 4 to move horizontally along the horizontal guide rail 32, and the fork 5 moves synchronously with the slide table 4. Realize transferring the goods to the upper side of the car body 1. In this state, the car body 1 can drive the goods to move, and since the fork 5 and the goods are located on the upper side of the car body 1, the car body 1 is greatly reduced. Therefore, in this state, the space occupied by the U-turn of the car body 1 will also be greatly reduced, improving the utilization rate of the storage space.

当进行直线往返运动送货时,车体1无需掉头,在取到货物后,只需车体1进行反方向运动,当车体1运动至指定的放货点时,调节机构带动货叉5的后端趋向远离车体1的方向运动,即可实现货叉5的后端凸出于车体1后方,而货叉5上的货物也将随货叉5的移动而移动至车体1后方,此时,再通过驱动机构带动滑台4运动至车体1后方竖直导轨31的上端,并由车体1后方竖直导轨31的上端运动至车体1后方竖直导轨31的下端,货叉5也将随滑台4同步运动,而货物也将竖直下降至摆放位置处,再通过车体1带动货叉5运动,脱离货物即可实现货物的放置,然后车体1前进至取货点,货叉5再次重复上述步骤,即可实现另一货物的搬运,整个直线往复运货过程中,无需车体1的调头,便可实现货物的转换,相较于传统的调头送货的方式也较大的提高了作业效率。When carrying out linear reciprocating movement to deliver goods, the car body 1 does not need to turn around. After picking up the goods, only the car body 1 needs to move in the opposite direction. When the car body 1 moves to the designated delivery point, the adjustment mechanism drives the fork 5 The rear end of the fork tends to move away from the car body 1, so that the rear end of the fork 5 protrudes from the rear of the car body 1, and the goods on the fork 5 will also move to the car body 1 as the fork 5 moves. At the rear, at this time, the drive mechanism drives the slide table 4 to move to the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31 at the rear of the car body 1, and moves to the lower end of the vertical guide rail 31 at the rear of the car body 1 from the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31 at the rear of the car body 1. , the fork 5 will also move synchronously with the slide table 4, and the goods will also drop vertically to the placement position, and then drive the fork 5 to move through the car body 1, and the goods can be placed away from the goods, and then the car body 1 Advance to the pick-up point, the fork 5 repeats the above steps again to realize the handling of another cargo. During the whole linear reciprocating cargo transportation process, the conversion of the cargo can be realized without turning around the car body 1. Compared with the traditional The way of U-turn delivery also greatly improves the working efficiency.

参照图4和图5,进一步的,货叉5的长度方向两端均水平设置有叉板53,叉板53的长度方向与货叉5的长度方向相同,且叉板53背离货叉5的一端的厚度小于叉板53靠近货叉5一端的厚度,叉板53靠近货叉5的一端铰接于货叉5,以实现叉板53能够由水平状态向上摆动,货叉5的两端还均设置有伸缩缸54,伸缩缸54的缸体铰接于货叉5,且伸缩缸54的伸缩杆铰接于叉板53。Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, further, both ends of the length direction of the fork 5 are horizontally provided with fork plates 53, the length direction of the fork plates 53 is the same as the length direction of the fork 5, and the fork plates 53 are away from the side of the fork 5. The thickness of one end is less than the thickness of the fork plate 53 near the end of the fork 5, and the end of the fork plate 53 close to the fork 5 is hinged to the fork 5, so that the fork plate 53 can swing upwards from the horizontal state, and the two ends of the fork 5 are evenly spaced. A telescopic cylinder 54 is provided, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder 54 is hinged to the pallet fork 5 , and the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 54 is hinged to the fork plate 53 .

参照图4和图5,当进行取货作业时,通过伸缩缸54带动货叉5朝向取货位置的一端的叉板53摆动至水平状态,且同时通过伸缩缸54带动货叉5背离取货位置的一端的叉板53摆动至竖直状态,此时,货叉5朝向取货一端的叉板53能够便于插入货物下侧,以方便取货,而背离货叉5取货一端的叉板53能够限制货物在货叉5上侧的位置,而当货物随滑台4与货叉5的相互配合运动至车体1的上侧后,货叉5上处于水平状态的叉板53,也会通过伸缩缸54的带动摆动至竖直状态,从而在车体1运行中,减少货物因惯性问题而从车体1的其前后两端掉落的几率,以提高货物运输的安全性。Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5, when carrying out the picking operation, the telescopic cylinder 54 drives the fork 5 towards the fork plate 53 at one end of the picking position to swing to a horizontal state, and at the same time, the telescopic cylinder 54 drives the moving fork 5 away from the picking position. The fork plate 53 at one end of the position swings to a vertical state. At this time, the fork plate 53 at one end of the pallet fork 5 can be conveniently inserted into the underside of the goods to facilitate the retrieval of the goods, while the fork plate at the one end of the cargo fork 5 is taken away from the fork. 53 can limit the position of the goods on the upper side of the fork 5, and when the goods move to the upper side of the car body 1 with the mutual cooperation of the slide table 4 and the fork 5, the fork plate 53 in the horizontal state on the fork 5 will also It will be driven by the telescopic cylinder 54 to swing to a vertical state, thereby reducing the probability of cargo falling from the front and rear ends of the vehicle body 1 due to inertia problems during the operation of the vehicle body 1, so as to improve the safety of cargo transportation.

参照图3,进一步的,车体1的两侧还均竖直滑移连接有侧板6,车体1的两侧对应侧板6的下侧均竖直固定有竖直推缸61,竖直推缸61的伸缩杆固定于侧板6。当货物运送至车体1的上侧后,通过竖直推缸61带动两侧板6上升,突出于车体1的上侧,能够阻挡货物由车体1的两侧掉落,对货物进行保护,此外,当货叉5上搬运的货物大于车体1的宽度时,可以通过竖直推缸61带动侧板6竖直向下运动至低于车体1的上侧,从而便于适用多种尺寸的货物的搬运。Referring to Fig. 3, further, both sides of the car body 1 are vertically slidably connected with side plates 6, and the lower sides of the corresponding side plates 6 on both sides of the car body 1 are vertically fixed with vertical push cylinders 61, and vertically The telescoping rod of the straight push cylinder 61 is fixed on the side plate 6 . After the goods are transported to the upper side of the car body 1, the vertical push cylinder 61 drives the side plates 6 to rise and protrude from the upper side of the car body 1, which can prevent the goods from falling from the both sides of the car body 1, and carry out the inspection of the goods. protection, in addition, when the cargo carried on the fork 5 is larger than the width of the vehicle body 1, the vertical push cylinder 61 can drive the side plate 6 to move vertically downwards to be lower than the upper side of the vehicle body 1, thereby facilitating the application of multiple Handling of goods of various sizes.

本申请实施例一种密集式仓储空间内的物流搬运叉车的实施原理为:The implementation principle of a logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

作业时,首先通过车体1移动至待取货位置处,然后通过驱动机构带动滑台4运动至车体1前方的竖直导轨31上端,并通过调节机构带动货叉5运动,从而使货叉5前端趋向远离车体1的方向运动,使货叉5凸出于车体1前方,然后通过驱动机构带动滑台4竖直运动,货叉5便随滑台4同步竖直向下运动,再通过车体1带动滑台4与货叉5同步运动,即可通过此时位于车体1前方的货叉5抬起货物,取货后,驱动机构带动滑台4沿车体1前方竖直导轨31竖直提升,至滑台4运动到竖直导轨31的上端,再通过驱动机构带动滑台4沿水平导轨32水平运动,货叉5随滑台4同步运动,实现将货物移送至车体1的上侧,在此状态下,即可通过车体1带动货物运动,且由于货叉5与货物均位于车体1的上侧,大大的降低了车体1的整体长度,因而此状态下,车体1调头占用空间也会极大的降低,提高了仓储空间的利用率。During operation, the car body 1 is first moved to the position to be picked up, and then the driving mechanism drives the slide table 4 to move to the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31 in front of the car body 1, and the adjustment mechanism drives the fork 5 to move, so that the goods The front end of the fork 5 tends to move away from the car body 1, so that the fork 5 protrudes in front of the car body 1, and then drives the sliding table 4 to move vertically through the driving mechanism, and the fork 5 moves vertically downward synchronously with the sliding table 4 , and then the car body 1 drives the sliding table 4 to move synchronously with the fork 5, and the goods can be lifted by the fork 5 located in front of the car body 1 at this time. After picking up the goods, the driving mechanism drives the sliding table 4 along the front of the car body 1. The vertical guide rail 31 is lifted vertically until the slide table 4 moves to the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31, and then the drive mechanism drives the slide table 4 to move horizontally along the horizontal guide rail 32, and the fork 5 moves synchronously with the slide table 4 to realize the transfer of goods To the upper side of the car body 1, in this state, the goods can be driven by the car body 1, and since the fork 5 and the goods are located on the upper side of the car body 1, the overall length of the car body 1 is greatly reduced, Therefore, in this state, the space occupied by the U-turn of the car body 1 will also be greatly reduced, improving the utilization rate of the storage space.

当进行直线往返运动送货时,车体1无需掉头,在取到货物后,只需车体1进行反方向运动,当车体1运动至指定的放货点时,调节机构带动货叉5的后端趋向远离车体1的方向运动,即可实现货叉5的后端凸出于车体1后方,而货叉5上的货物也将随货叉5的移动而移动至车体1后方,此时,再通过驱动机构带动滑台4运动至车体1后方竖直导轨31的上端,并由车体1后方竖直导轨31的上端运动至车体1后方竖直导轨31的下端,货叉5也将随滑台4同步运动,而货物也将竖直下降至摆放位置处,再通过车体1带动货叉5运动,脱离货物即可实现货物的放置,然后车体1前进至取货点,货叉5再次重复上述步骤,即可实现另一货物的搬运,整个直线往复运货过程中,无需车体1的调头,便可实现货物的转换,相较于传统的调头送货的方式也较大的提高了作业效率。When carrying out linear reciprocating movement to deliver goods, the car body 1 does not need to turn around. After picking up the goods, only the car body 1 needs to move in the opposite direction. When the car body 1 moves to the designated delivery point, the adjustment mechanism drives the fork 5 The rear end of the fork tends to move away from the car body 1, so that the rear end of the fork 5 protrudes from the rear of the car body 1, and the goods on the fork 5 will also move to the car body 1 as the fork 5 moves. At the rear, at this time, the drive mechanism drives the slide table 4 to move to the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31 at the rear of the car body 1, and moves to the lower end of the vertical guide rail 31 at the rear of the car body 1 from the upper end of the vertical guide rail 31 at the rear of the car body 1. , the fork 5 will also move synchronously with the slide table 4, and the goods will also drop vertically to the placement position, and then drive the fork 5 to move through the car body 1, and the goods can be placed away from the goods, and then the car body 1 Advance to the pick-up point, the fork 5 repeats the above steps again to realize the handling of another cargo. During the whole linear reciprocating cargo transportation process, the conversion of the cargo can be realized without turning around the car body 1. Compared with the traditional The way of U-turn delivery also greatly improves the working efficiency.

以上均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。All of the above are preferred embodiments of the application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the application should be covered by the protection scope of the application. Inside.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a commodity circulation transport fork truck in intensive storage space which characterized in that includes:
a vehicle body (1);
the two door-type guide rails (3) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body (1);
the two vertical guide rails (31) are vertically fixed at the front end and the rear end of the vehicle body (1) respectively;
the horizontal guide rail (32) is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the vehicle body (1), and two ends of the horizontal guide rail (32) are communicated with the upper ends of the two vertical guide rails (31);
a sliding table (4) slides between the two door-shaped guide rails (3) along the track of the door-shaped guide rails (3);
the fork (5) slides on the upper side of the sliding table (4) along the length direction of the horizontal guide rail (32) so as to realize the switching of the positions of the two ends of the fork (5) relative to the sliding table (4);
the adjusting mechanism is arranged between the fork (5) and the sliding table (4) and is used for driving the fork (5) to move;
the driving mechanism is arranged in the vehicle body (1) and used for driving the sliding table (4) to reciprocate between the two vertical guide rails (31) and the horizontal guide rail (32).
2. The logistics transportation forklift in an intensive warehouse space of claim 1, wherein:
a chute (51) is arranged on the lower side of the fork (5) along the length direction of the fork;
the sliding table (4) is fixed with a sliding block (44) at the upper side, and the sliding block (44) slides in the sliding groove (51).
3. The logistics in-storage space forklift of claim 1, wherein said adjustment mechanism comprises:
the adjusting gear (45) is rotatably arranged on the sliding table (4) and is arranged corresponding to the fork (5);
the adjusting rack (52) is arranged on the side surface of the fork (5) along the length direction of the fork (5) and meshed with the adjusting gear (45);
and the first driving element (46) is fixed on the sliding table (4) and is used for driving the adjusting gear (45) to rotate.
4. The logistics transportation forklift in an intensive warehouse space of claim 1, wherein:
guide wheels (41) are rotatably arranged at two ends of the sliding table (4);
the guide wheel (41) is adapted in the door-shaped guide rail (3) so as to enable the sliding table (4) to slide along the door-shaped guide rail (3).
5. The logistics in-storage space forklift of claim 1, wherein said drive mechanism comprises:
the two guide racks (33) are arranged along the track of the door-shaped guide rail (3) and symmetrically fixed on the two door-shaped guide rails (3);
the two guide gears (42) are rotatably arranged at two ends of the sliding table (4) and are used for being meshed with the two guide racks (33);
and a second driving element (43) fixed on the sliding table (4) and used for driving the guide gear (42) to rotate.
6. The logistics in-warehouse space forklift of claim 1, further comprising:
the fork plates (53) are arranged at two ends of the fork (5) along the length direction of the fork (5), and the fork plates (53) are hinged to the fork (5) so as to realize that the fork plates (53) can swing upwards from a horizontal state;
the telescopic cylinder (54), the cylinder body of telescopic cylinder (54) articulates in fork (5) and telescopic link of telescopic cylinder (54) articulates in fork board (53) for drive is inserted the swing.
7. The logistics in-warehouse space forklift of claim 1, further comprising:
the rotary disc (2) is horizontally arranged in the middle of the lower side of the vehicle body (1), and the rotary disc (2) is rotatably arranged on the vehicle body (1);
a rotary driving member (11) fixed to the vehicle body (1) for driving the rotary disk (2) to rotate;
four steering wheels (21) are symmetrically fixed on the lower side of the rotary disc (2) in a central way.
8. The bulk handling forklift in a dense storage space of claim 7, further comprising:
universal wheels (12) are arranged at two sides of the bottom of the vehicle body (1).
9. The logistics in-warehouse space forklift of claim 1, further comprising:
the two side plates (6) are vertically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body (1).
10. The bulk handling forklift in a dense storage space of claim 9, further comprising:
the vertical pushing cylinders (61) are vertically fixed on two sides of the vehicle body (1) and used for driving the side plates (6) to vertically move so that the upper ends of the side plates (6) are higher or lower than the upper side of the vehicle body (1).
CN202310676742.5A 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 A logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space Active CN116395608B (en)

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Denomination of invention: A logistics handling forklift in a dense storage space

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