CN115043674B - Method for quick decomposition and drying of fresh banana straw - Google Patents
Method for quick decomposition and drying of fresh banana straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN115043674B CN115043674B CN202210574676.6A CN202210574676A CN115043674B CN 115043674 B CN115043674 B CN 115043674B CN 202210574676 A CN202210574676 A CN 202210574676A CN 115043674 B CN115043674 B CN 115043674B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quick decomposition and drying of fresh banana straws. The method comprises the steps of mixing and solidifying a composite microbial inoculum and wheat bran or other solid organic wastes until no liquid flows out, fermenting at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ to obtain the composite microbial inoculum, mixing the composite microbial inoculum with fresh banana straw, and thoroughly decomposing and drying the composite microbial inoculum, wherein the composite microbial inoculum contains bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum. The method comprises the steps of utilizing a composite solid microbial inoculum containing bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum to rapidly ferment, dehydrate and dry fresh banana straws within 24 hours at a temperature of 30-50 ℃, discharging after 10-15 batches to obtain organic fertilizer or animal feed with qualified decomposition degree, and generating no wastewater and odor in the whole treatment process. The popularization and application of the technology can realize the high-efficiency, low-cost, zero-pollution and high-valued treatment of the agricultural wastes with high water content such as banana straw, and the like, and can generate remarkable economic, environmental and social benefits after the industrialized application.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently and rapidly decomposing and drying fresh banana straws to be used as fertilizer or feed.
The background technology is as follows:
According to statistics, the annual generation amount of banana straw in China is about 2400 ten thousand tons. The banana straw has water content of more than 85%, can not be directly combusted to be used as energy, and can be decomposed after being piled for several hours at room temperature due to high organic matter content, and bad smell is generated, so that serious environmental problems are caused.
The invention comprises the following steps:
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art in converting banana straws into fertilizers and feeds, developing the concepts of realizing quick decomposition and desiccation of banana straws by utilizing microbial fermentation, converting nutrients in banana straws into animal feeds or organic fertilizers, realizing the recycling of organic wastes, protecting the environment and assisting the realization of ecological cycle agriculture.
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly decomposing and drying fresh banana straws, which effectively avoids the problem of environmental pollution caused by natural decay of banana straws, and efficiently and quickly converts the banana straws into organic fertilizer or animal feed so as to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of organic wastes in banana industry.
The invention relates to a method for quick decomposition and drying of fresh banana straw, which comprises the steps of mixing and solidifying a composite microbial inoculum and wheat bran or other solid organic waste until no liquid flows out, fermenting at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ to obtain a composite solid microbial inoculum, mixing the composite solid microbial inoculum and the fresh banana straw, and decomposing and drying the composite solid microbial inoculum;
The composite microbial inoculum contains bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum.
Preferably, in the process of mixing the composite solid microbial inoculum and the fresh banana straw to thoroughly decompose and dry the composite solid microbial inoculum, part or all of the materials can be removed within 10-15 days to be used as feed or fertilizer, or the fresh banana straw is continuously added to perform the next fermentation.
The preparation method of the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
activating strains, inoculating a seed culture medium, culturing for 24 hours at 37 ℃ and 180rpm to obtain seed liquid, inoculating the seed liquid to a fermentation culture medium according to the volume ratio of 4%, fermenting at 37 ℃ with ventilation of 300-350L/h, and fermenting and culturing for 48 hours to obtain fermentation liquid of each strain;
and mixing fermentation liquor of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1:1 to prepare the composite microbial inoculum.
The seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens comprise 10g/L of peptone, 3g/L, naCl g/L of beef extract, pH is 6.0-8.0, and the solvent is water. The seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium of the lactobacillus fermentum are prepared from 10g/L of peptone, 5g/L of beef extract, 4g/L of yeast extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 1ml/L of tween-80, 2g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5g/L of sodium acetate, 2g/L of triammonium citrate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4.7H2O), 0.05g/L of manganese sulfate (MnSO 4·4H2 O) and 6.0-8.0 of pH value, wherein the solvent is water.
The dosage ratio of the composite microbial inoculum to the wheat bran is that 0.67kg of wheat bran is added per liter of composite microbial inoculum.
The composite solid microbial inoculum is obtained by fermenting at 30-50 ℃ for 24 hours at 40 ℃ under stirring at 20 rpm.
Preferably, the mixing of the composite solid microbial inoculum and the fresh banana straw is that after the fresh banana straw with the mass of 0.5-3.0 times of that of the composite solid microbial inoculum is cut into pieces every 24 hours, the pieces are poured into a solid fermentation reactor for fermentation, the temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the stirring speed is 5-25rpm.
After 10-15 days, the solid state fermentation material in the solid state fermentation reactor is removed from the solid state fermentation reactor and is directly used as feed or fertilizer or is stored in a dry and ventilated place for standby, and the fresh banana straw can also be continuously added for the next round of solid state fermentation.
The method comprises the steps of utilizing a composite solid microbial inoculum containing bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum to rapidly ferment, dehydrate and dry fresh banana straws within 24 hours at a temperature of 30-50 ℃, discharging after 10-15 batches to obtain organic fertilizer or animal feed with qualified decomposition degree, and generating no wastewater and odor in the whole treatment process. The popularization and application of the technology can realize the high-efficiency, low-cost, zero-pollution and high-valued treatment of the agricultural wastes with high water content such as banana straw, and the like, and can generate remarkable economic, environmental and social benefits after the industrialized application.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a solid state microbial inoculum of individual strains of banana straw solid state fermentation treatment of banana straw;
fig. 2 is a composite solid microbial agent solid state fermentation treatment of banana straw.
Fig. 3 is a seed germination index experiment of the organic fertilizer prepared by solid state fermentation treatment of the composite solid state microbial inoculum of banana straw.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
Specific examples of the present invention will be described below, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are those conventional in the art.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of the seed Strain
The strain comprises bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and lactobacillus fermentum (Lactobacillus fermentum).
Bacillus subtilis may produce highly active alkaline proteases or acidic proteases or both. Bacillus licheniformis can produce antibacterial lipopeptides and can produce high-activity cellulase or hemicellulase or both. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can produce highly active starch hydrolyzing enzymes and glucoamylases. Lactobacillus fermentum can secrete bacteriocin and has acid production and probiotic effects.
Activating strains, inoculating a seed culture medium, culturing for 24 hours at 37 ℃ and 180rpm to obtain seed liquid, inoculating the seed liquid to a fermentation culture medium according to the volume ratio of 4%, fermenting at 37 ℃ with ventilation of 300-350L/h, and fermenting and culturing for 48 hours to obtain fermentation liquid of each strain.
And mixing fermentation liquor of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1:1 to prepare the composite microbial inoculum.
Adding 0.67kg of wheat bran into each liter of fermentation liquor for solidification, weighing to obtain the mass of initial solidified strains, transferring into a solid state fermentation reactor, and stirring and fermenting (20 rpm) at 40 ℃ for 24 hours to respectively obtain solid state bactericides and composite solid state bactericides of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum.
The seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens comprise 10g/L of peptone, 3g/L, naCl g/L of beef extract, pH is 6.0-8.0, and the solvent is water. The seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium of the lactobacillus fermentum are prepared from 10g/L of peptone, 5g/L of beef extract, 4g/L of yeast extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 1ml/L of tween-80, 2g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5g/L of sodium acetate, 2g/L of triammonium citrate, 0.2g/L of magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4.7H2O), 0.05g/L of manganese sulfate (MnSO 4·4H2 O) and 6.0-8.0 of pH value, wherein the solvent is water. The preparation method comprises mixing the above materials, and sterilizing.
EXAMPLE 2 solid state fermentation of Banana straw by separate species
After the solid microbial agents of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and lactobacillus fermentum are prepared, adding a part of fresh banana straw (chopped) which is approximately equal to the mass of the solid microbial agents, and observing straw treatment conditions after 24 hours, wherein each sample is treated by 3 pieces. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the fermentation of the strain alone did not complete the treatment of banana stalks within 24 hours (FIG. 1 is Bacillus licheniformis, and the results of Bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Lactobacillus fermentum alone were similar, and the treatment of banana stalks within 24 hours did not complete).
Example 3 composite seed solid State fermentation of Banana straw
After the composite solid microbial inoculant is prepared, adding fresh banana straw which is approximately equal to the composite solid microbial inoculant in mass, and adding fresh banana straw (shredding) which is approximately equal to the composite solid microbial inoculant in mass every 24 hours. 3 treatments per sample. The results are shown in FIG. 2. Compared with the solid microbial inoculum treatment of single strain, the composite solid microbial inoculum can treat banana straw within 24 hours (figure 2).
The mass before and after the addition of the strain was weighed, and the material reduction rate was calculated (Table 1).
Table 1 banana straw reduction rate
As can be seen from Table 1, the banana straw reduction rate is high, the speed is high, the method is suitable for being popularized and used in factories near large-area banana planting bases, the transportation cost of the straw is reduced, the environment is protected, and after 10 times of banana straw is added, the solid state fermentation product is obtained.
Example 4 moisture, pH, CFU and ingredient determination
After 10 banana stalks were added (example 3), the solid state fermentation was partially removed for direct application and the remaining part was stored for later use. The water content is measured to be 28.3%, the pH is 7.8, the strain density is 9.0X10 10 cfu/g, and the compound microbial fertilizer meets the national agricultural industry standard NY/T798-2015.
The details of the component measurement are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 analysis of banana straw fertiliser composition
Example 5 seed germination index determination
Seed germination rate tests were performed on the solid state fermentate prepared in example 3, with reference to national agricultural industry standard NY/T3442-2019, livestock manure composting technical specification appendix D. The germination rate of cucumber seeds is 97.65% (figure 3), and the decomposition degree is good.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN103642726B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-09-30 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of maize straw organism of fermentation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof and fermentation process |
| CN107325990B (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 山东巴迪生物科技股份有限公司 | Composite microorganism decomposing agent and application thereof in tobacco cultivation |
| CN110093300A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-06 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of method of bacillus composite bacteria agent of degrading maize straws and preparation method thereof, degrading straw |
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