CN114939386A

CN114939386A - Membrane catalytic reaction device

Info

Publication number: CN114939386A
Application number: CN202210619398.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱若棨; 钱敬吉
Original assignee: Suzhou Daoyizhicheng Nano Material Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Daoyizhicheng Nano Material Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-02
Filing date: 2022-06-02
Publication date: 2022-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-02
Also published as: CN114939386B

Abstract

The invention provides a membrane catalytic reaction device, which comprises at least one membrane catalytic reactor, wherein the membrane catalytic reactor comprises a catalytic reactor core and a shell, the catalytic reactor core comprises an encloser, a metal inner frame and a metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst, the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst is wound and fixed on the metal inner frame, and the encloser is covered on the end part of the metal inner frame wound with the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst. The shell is of a columnar structure, the catalytic reactor core is arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and materials enter the catalytic reactor core from the first inlet and are discharged from the first outlet after reacting with the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst. The invention can solve the problems of low catalytic efficiency and poor safety of the catalytic reaction device in the prior art.

Description

Membrane catalytic reaction device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of membrane catalytic reaction, in particular to a membrane catalytic reaction device.

Background

In a large-scale industrial process, many synthesis or production processes require the use of catalytic reactors. However, the catalytic reaction techniques used in the existing catalytic reactors all have some drawbacks to a different extent, such as: (1) the catalyst in the catalytic reactor has small catalytic activity and low reaction efficiency; (2) the granular and honeycomb catalysts have high heat storage coefficient, and the local temperature difference of the catalytic bed layer is large, so that the reaction is uneven, and the product purity is low; (3) the local high temperature of the heat storage type catalyst is easy to cause danger. For example, the local temperature of the catalyst in the RCO device exceeds the self-ignition point of VOCs, and when the concentration of VOCs exceeds the lower explosion limit, explosion is easy to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to search for a completely new catalytic reactor to overcome these problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a membrane catalytic reaction device to solve the problems of low catalytic efficiency and poor safety of the catalytic reaction device in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus including at least one membrane catalytic reactor, the membrane catalytic reactor including: the catalytic reactor core comprises a housing, a metal inner frame and a metal mesh-based nano film catalyst, wherein the metal mesh-based nano film catalyst is wound and fixed on the metal inner frame, and the housing is covered on the end part of the metal inner frame wound with the metal mesh-based nano film catalyst; the catalytic reactor core is arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and materials enter the catalytic reactor core from the first inlet and react with the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst, and then are discharged out of the shell from the first outlet.

As an optional technical scheme, the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst is a catalytic film grown on a metal mesh core by utilizing an in-situ growth technology.

As an optional technical scheme, the catalytic membrane is a high-entropy alloy ceramic catalytic membrane.

As an optional technical solution, the metal mesh core is formed by laminating a plurality of metal meshes.

As an optional technical scheme, the number of the metal mesh layers is 80-300.

As an optional technical solution, the metal mesh is a stainless steel mesh or a copper mesh.

As an optional technical scheme, the stainless steel or copper wire forming the metal mesh is 400-1200 meshes and the diameter is 0.2-0.25 mm.

As an optional technical solution, a plurality of the catalytic reactor cores are arranged in the casing.

As an optional technical solution, a plurality of the catalytic reactor cores are uniformly distributed in the casing.

As an optional technical solution, the housing further includes a second inlet.

As optional technical scheme, membrane catalytic reaction unit includes first inlet pipe, first discharging pipe and a plurality of membrane catalytic reactor, first inlet pipe communicates a plurality ofly in proper order membrane catalytic reactor's first import, first discharging pipe communicates a plurality ofly in proper order membrane catalytic reactor's first export.

As optional technical scheme, membrane catalytic reaction unit includes second inlet pipe, second discharging pipe, a plurality of membrane catalytic reactor group, and every membrane catalytic reactor group is by a plurality of membrane catalytic reactor establishes ties the intercommunication and forms, and every membrane catalytic reactor group has material import and product export, the material import of every membrane catalytic reactor group of second inlet pipe intercommunication, the product export of every membrane catalytic reactor group of second discharging pipe intercommunication.

As an optional technical solution, the housing is cylindrical.

As an optional technical scheme, the air conditioner further comprises fans, wherein the fans are arranged at the first inlet and the first outlet.

As an optional technical scheme, the shell is made of stainless steel.

Compared with the prior art, the membrane catalytic reaction device provided by the invention has the advantages that the metal wire mesh-based nano thin film catalyst is fixed on the metal inner frame to form the catalytic reactor core, and the number and parallel-serial relation of the catalytic reactor core and the membrane catalytic reactor are configured according to the actual requirements of industrial production, so that the membrane catalytic reaction device provided by the invention has the following advantages: (1) when the catalytic reaction occurs, the product can be selectively removed, so that the reaction is accelerated to break through the limitation of reaction balance, and side reactions are reduced, thereby achieving 'super-balance' and improving the reaction yield, the conversion rate and the selectivity; (2) the special structure form of membrane catalysis of the metal wire mesh-based nano thin-film catalyst greatly reduces the probability of catalyst poisoning; (3) the metal fiber knitted structure of the heat insulation type membrane catalytic reactor has the advantages of fast heat conduction, uniform temperature of the catalytic layer and intrinsic explosion resistance. Moreover, the membrane catalytic reaction device can realize a regular packing type fixed bed catalytic mode, not only has high efficiency, but also has high safety, thereby replacing a large-volume, high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized bed, a boiling bed and the existing low-efficiency fixed bed catalytic reaction device in the industries of petrifaction, chemical industry, pharmacy and the like, greatly reducing the investment cost and the operation cost, and improving the safety and the reliability of production.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view of the components of a catalytic reactor core according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic combination of the components of the catalytic reactor core of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of membrane catalytic reactors of the membrane catalytic reaction unit of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the objects, structures, features, and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is an exploded view of components of a catalytic reactor core according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is an assembled view of the components of the catalytic reactor core shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention provides a membrane catalytic reactor apparatus, where the membrane catalytic reactor apparatus 1 includes at least one membrane catalytic reactor, the membrane catalytic reactor includes a catalytic reactor core 2 and a housing 3, the catalytic reactor core 2 is disposed in the housing 3, and the housing 3 may be, for example, a cylinder or a column structure with other shapes. The catalytic reactor core 2 comprises a cover 21, a metal inner frame 22 and a metal mesh-based nano film catalyst 23, wherein the metal mesh-based nano film catalyst 23 is wound and fixed on the metal inner frame 22, the metal inner frame 22 can be made of metal such as stainless steel, and the cover 21 is covered on the end 221 of the metal inner frame 22 on which the metal mesh-based nano film catalyst 23 is wound. The shell 3 further has a first inlet 31 and a first outlet 32, wherein the material enters the catalytic reactor core 2 from the first inlet 31, and is catalytically reacted with the metal mesh-based nano-thin film catalyst 23, and then is discharged out of the shell 3 from the first outlet 32.

Moreover, the housing 3 should have sufficient strength to withstand the impact pressure of an explosion, and is preferably made of stainless steel.

The diameter of the catalytic reactor core 2 can be determined according to the actual flow calculation of engineering fluid, and can be large or small.

In addition, the metal mesh-based nano-film catalyst 23 is a catalytic film grown on the metal mesh core by using an in-situ growth technology. And preferably, the catalytic membrane is a high-entropy alloy ceramic catalytic membrane. That is, the above-mentioned catalytic membrane (catalyst) is covalently and ionically bonded to the metal mesh core, and this type of catalyst employed in the present invention is high in stability and long in life as compared with the conventional catalyst bonded by van der waals force.

And preferably, the metal mesh core is formed by laminating a plurality of metal meshes. Specifically, for example, the number of the metal mesh layers is 80-300, and the metal mesh is, for example, a stainless steel mesh or a copper mesh. The stainless steel or copper wire forming the metal net is, for example, 400 to 1200 mesh and 0.2 to 0.25mm in diameter. From the process data, the fire and explosion resistance of the metal mesh core in the invention far surpasses the standard of a universal fire arrester.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the material enters from the first inlet 31 at the lower part of the catalytic reactor core 2, passes through and reacts with the metal mesh-based nano-thin film catalyst 23 to generate a reaction product, and the reaction product flows out of the housing 3 from the first outlet 32 at the upper part of the catalytic reactor core 2. The above-mentioned materials can be single material or mixed material, if it is single material, it is catalytic decomposition reaction, if it is mixed material, it is catalytic synthesis reaction.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; the membrane catalytic reactor 10 in this embodiment is similar to the membrane catalytic reactor 1 in the first embodiment, except that the housing 3 in this embodiment further includes a second inlet, and the number of the second inlets may be one or more, and in this embodiment, the number of the second inlets is two, for example, as shown in fig. 4 as the

second inlets

33 and 34. Through the arrangement of the plurality of inlets, a plurality of materials can respectively enter the catalytic reactor core 2 through the first inlet 31 and the

second inlets

33 and 34, and catalytic synthesis reaction can be carried out under the action of the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst 23. Specifically, for example, the material a enters the catalytic reactor core 2 from the first inlet 31 at the lower part of the membrane catalytic reactor in fig. 4, the material B enters the catalytic reactor core 2 from the

second inlets

33 and 34 at the lower part of the membrane catalytic reactor, the material A, B meets the catalyst layer (i.e., the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst 23) and reacts, and the generated reactant flows out of the housing 3 from the first outlet 32 at the upper part of the membrane catalytic reactor. The structure is particularly suitable for the situation that materials A, B are easy to burn and flash when meeting, such as: hydrogen (flammable and explosive) and oxygen (flammable and explosive) enter the catalytic layer from the first inlet 31 and the

second inlets

33 and 34, respectively, and the structure of the membrane catalytic reaction device of the embodiment can completely eliminate the possibility of explosion.

As shown in fig. 5 to 6, fig. 5 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic view of a distribution of membrane catalytic reactors of the membrane catalytic reaction device in fig. 5; a plurality of the catalytic reactor cores 101 are provided in the housing 102 of the membrane catalytic reactor of the membrane catalytic reaction apparatus 100 in this embodiment. Also preferably, a plurality of said catalytic reactor cores 101 are evenly distributed within said housing 102. The arrangement of this structure can expand the production throughput, for example, in this embodiment, 5 catalytic reactor cores 101 are arranged in the housing 102 of the membrane catalytic reactor, but the present invention is not limited to this number, and the number of catalytic reactor cores 101 can be configured according to the actual industrial production, and this configuration has the advantages that: the overall volume is small, the structure is simple, the manufacture and the installation are convenient, and the cost is low.

In addition, the membrane catalytic reaction device can comprise a plurality of membrane catalytic reactors, and the membrane catalytic reactors can be used independently, in series and/or in parallel, and can be determined according to specific use objects.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in this embodiment, a membrane catalytic reaction apparatus 200 includes a first feeding pipe 204, a first discharging pipe 205, and a plurality of membrane

catalytic reactors

201, 202, 203, the first feeding pipe 204 is sequentially communicated with first inlets of the plurality of membrane

catalytic reactors

203, 202, 201, the first discharging pipe 205 is sequentially communicated with first outlets of the plurality of membrane

catalytic reactors

201, 202, 203, a material enters the plurality of membrane

catalytic reactors

201, 202, 203 from the first feeding pipe 204, meets catalyst layers (i.e., metal mesh-based nano thin film catalysts) and reacts, and a generated reaction product flows out of a housing from the first outlets of the plurality of membrane

catalytic reactors

201, 202, 203 and is collected to the first discharging pipe 205 to be discharged. The arrangement of the structure can enlarge the production throughput, and the number of the membrane catalytic reactors can be actually configured according to industrial production.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a membrane catalytic reactor apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which the membrane catalytic reactor apparatus 300 includes a second feeding pipe 307, a second discharging pipe 308, and a plurality of membrane catalytic reactor groups, each membrane catalytic reactor group is formed by connecting a plurality of membrane catalytic reactors in series. And each membrane catalytic reactor group is provided with a material inlet and a product outlet, the second feeding pipe 307 is communicated with the material inlet of each membrane catalytic reactor group, and the second discharging pipe 308 is communicated with the product outlet of each membrane catalytic reactor group. The material flows from the first feeding pipe 307 through the material inlets of the plurality of membrane catalytic reactor groups and enters the plurality of membrane catalytic reactor groups, meets and reacts on the catalyst layer (i.e. the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst), and the generated reaction product is collected from the material outlets of the plurality of membrane catalytic reactor groups to the second discharging pipe 308 to be discharged. The arrangement of the structure can also enlarge the production throughput, and the number of the membrane catalytic reactors can be actually configured according to industrial production. Moreover, by adopting the configuration, once a certain membrane catalytic reactor has a problem, the whole membrane catalytic reaction device can still continue to operate, and only the shutdown for maintenance or the replacement of the problematic membrane catalytic reactor is needed.

In addition, in one embodiment, the membrane catalytic reaction device may further include a blower disposed at the first inlet and the first outlet.

In one specific embodiment, a VOCs (dimethylacetamide, dimethylamine, acetic acid and trace phenol) tail gas treatment device is adopted to treat VOCs tail gas, a membrane catalyst CM-N-01 running in the tail gas treatment device takes a 304 stainless steel wire mesh as a base frame, and a high-entropy alloy ceramic catalytic membrane with a proper thickness is grown on the base frame through an in-situ growth technology. VOCs tail gas is treated by the VOCs tail gas treatment device and is degraded into water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, the tail gas purification efficiency is detected by a third party authenticated by CMA for many times, the efficiency is as high as 99.87-99.99%, and no secondary pollution (NH) is caused ₃ ，NO _x Etc.). And the membrane catalytic reactor completely meets the parameter requirements of the industry on the explosion-proof flame arrester.

Moreover, due to the structural arrangement of the membrane catalytic reaction device, when the catalytic reaction occurs, the product can be selectively removed, so that the reaction is accelerated to break through the limitation of reaction balance, and side reactions are reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of 'super-balance' and improving the reaction yield, the conversion rate and the selectivity; moreover, the probability of catalyst poisoning is greatly reduced by the special structure form of membrane catalysis; in addition, the metal fiber knitted structure of the heat-insulating membrane catalytic reactor has the advantages of fast heat conduction, uniform temperature of the catalyst layer and intrinsic explosion resistance, so that the membrane catalytic reaction device can be widely applied to scenes such as a catalytic cracking process, a hydrocracking process, an ethylene glycol production process, a polyethylene production process, chemical synthesis, drinking water treatment, sewage treatment and the like, and the application of the membrane catalytic reaction device can change the configuration grade of the devices in the scenes or simplify the process flow, improve the safety and save the fixed investment.

In summary, the membrane catalytic reaction device of the present invention utilizes the metal wire mesh-based nano-film catalyst fixed on the metal inner frame to form the catalytic reactor core, and then configures the number and parallel-serial relationship of the catalytic reactor core and the membrane catalytic reactor according to the actual requirements of industrial production, so that the membrane catalytic reaction device of the present invention can realize a regular packing type fixed bed catalytic mode, and has high efficiency and high safety, thereby being capable of replacing the large-volume, high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized bed, boiling bed and the existing low-efficiency fixed bed catalytic reaction device in the industries of petrochemical industry, chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc., greatly reducing the investment cost and the operation cost, and improving the safety and reliability of production.

The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present invention described above may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that the invention be covered by the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A membrane catalytic reaction device comprising at least one membrane catalytic reactor, the membrane catalytic reactor comprising:

the catalytic reactor core comprises a housing, a metal inner frame and a metal mesh-based nano film catalyst, wherein the metal mesh-based nano film catalyst is wound and fixed on the metal inner frame, and the housing is covered on the end part of the metal inner frame wound with the metal mesh-based nano film catalyst; and

the catalytic reactor core is arranged in the shell, a first inlet and a first outlet are formed in the shell, and materials enter the catalytic reactor core from the first inlet and react with the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst, and then are discharged from the first outlet to the shell.

2. The membrane catalytic reaction device as recited in claim 1, wherein the metal mesh-based nano thin film catalyst is a catalytic membrane grown on the metal mesh core by an in-situ growth technique.

3. The membrane catalytic reaction device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the catalytic membrane is a high entropy alloy ceramic catalytic membrane.

4. The membrane catalytic reaction device as claimed in claim 2 wherein the metal mesh core is formed by a stack of multiple layers of metal mesh.

5. The membrane catalytic reaction device according to claim 4, wherein the number of layers of the metal mesh is 80 to 300.

6. The membrane catalytic reaction device according to claim 4 wherein the metal mesh is a stainless steel mesh or a copper mesh.

7. The membrane catalytic reaction device according to claim 4, wherein the stainless steel or copper wire forming the metal mesh is 400 to 1200 mesh and has a diameter of 0.2 to 0.25 mm.

8. The membrane catalytic reactor device as set forth in claim 1 wherein a plurality of said catalytic reactor cores are disposed within said housing.

9. The membrane catalytic reactor device according to claim 8 wherein a plurality of said catalytic reactor cores are uniformly distributed within said housing.

10. The membrane catalytic reaction device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the housing further comprises a second inlet.

11. The membrane catalytic reaction device according to claim 1, wherein the membrane catalytic reaction device comprises a first feeding pipe, a first discharging pipe and a plurality of membrane catalytic reactors, the first feeding pipe is sequentially communicated with the first inlets of the plurality of membrane catalytic reactors, and the first discharging pipe is sequentially communicated with the first outlets of the plurality of membrane catalytic reactors.

12. The membrane catalytic reactor apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the membrane catalytic reactor apparatus comprises a second feeding pipe, a second discharging pipe, and a plurality of membrane catalytic reactor groups, each membrane catalytic reactor group is formed by a plurality of membrane catalytic reactors connected in series, each membrane catalytic reactor group has a material inlet and a product outlet, the second feeding pipe is connected with the material inlet of each membrane catalytic reactor group, and the second discharging pipe is connected with the product outlet of each membrane catalytic reactor group.

13. The membrane catalytic reaction device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the housing is cylindrical.

14. The membrane catalytic reaction device as recited in claim 1 further comprising fans disposed at the first inlet and the first outlet.

15. The membrane catalytic reactor device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said housing is made of stainless steel.