CN114813611B - An automated plant net carbon fixation capacity determination system and determination method - Google Patents
An automated plant net carbon fixation capacity determination system and determination method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于植物净固碳能力测定技术领域，具体是一种自动化植物净固碳能力测定系统及测定方法。包括由上位机IPC和PLC控制器控制的植物人工光合作用培养箱、气体给排单元和气体在线连续自动监测单元。植物人工光合作用培养箱包括外壳，外壳内设置有密封的内工作室，内工作室内部设置有LED灯源、温度传感器、湿度传感器、压力传感器和恒温恒湿调节装置，气体给排单元包括与内工作室连接的进气装置和排气装置；所述的气体在线连续自动监测单元包括第一气体电磁阀、第二气体电磁阀、在线红外分析设备和在线气相色谱分析设备。本发明兼具植物光合作用固碳和凋落物分解过程碳排放两个实验系统，促进了测定数据的准确性；简化了现有的此类实验的操作步骤。
The present invention belongs to the technical field of measuring the net carbon fixation capacity of plants, and specifically is an automated system and method for measuring the net carbon fixation capacity of plants. It includes a plant artificial photosynthesis incubator controlled by a host computer IPC and PLC controller, a gas supply and exhaust unit, and a gas online continuous automatic monitoring unit. The plant artificial photosynthesis incubator includes an outer shell, a sealed inner working chamber is arranged inside the outer shell, and an LED light source, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, and a constant temperature and humidity regulating device are arranged inside the inner working chamber. The gas supply and exhaust unit includes an air intake device and an exhaust device connected to the inner working chamber; the gas online continuous automatic monitoring unit includes a first gas solenoid valve, a second gas solenoid valve, an online infrared analysis device, and an online gas chromatography analysis device. The present invention has two experimental systems for plant photosynthesis carbon fixation and carbon emission in the process of litter decomposition, which promotes the accuracy of the measurement data; and simplifies the existing operating steps of such experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant net carbon sequestration capacity measurement, and particularly relates to an automatic plant net carbon sequestration capacity measurement system and an automatic plant net carbon sequestration capacity measurement method.
Background
In order to solve the environmental problem of global warming, improving the carbon fixing capability of plants is one of ways of reducing emission of greenhouse gases, the photosynthesis of the plants converts CO 2 into various organic matters to be fixed in the body, provides substances and energy for the growth of the organic matters, is a basic link of the growth and development process, has extremely large carbon sink capability, plays an important role in regulating and controlling the balance of atmospheric CO 2 and O 2 and improving the carbon fixing and storing capability of an ecological system, and gradually expands the carbon sink scale of the plants along with the increase of the concentration of CO 2 in the atmosphere. However, CO 2 and CH 4 generated during the process of litter decomposition are important sources of greenhouse gases, and it is seen that the plant growth and development process has dual functions of "carbon sink" and "carbon source". The method has the advantages of accurately knowing the net carbon fixing capability of plants, having important significance for improving the uncertainty of global or regional scale carbon accounting and balancing global carbon balance, and having practical effect on realization of carbon neutralization targets in China.
At present, a plurality of methods for measuring the net carbon fixing capacity of plants exist, such as a sample plot checking method, a vorticity correlation method, a box-type method and the like, the carbon storage capacity of the plants can be determined by mainly estimating the biomass of the plants in the sample plot checking method, but the problems that the collection of plant samples is difficult, the sample plot selection is subjectively limited by people, the workload is large and the like exist, the estimation of the biomass of the plants is difficult, the estimation between the biomass and the carbon storage capacity also has errors, the accuracy of data is difficult to be ensured, and the method for estimating the carbon storage capacity through remote sensing data is mature based on the remote sensing technology at present and becomes the current main research direction. The method is not suitable for measuring the carbon sequestration capacity of a single plant, and the box method estimates the carbon sequestration capacity of the plant through the change of the concentration of CO 2 and CH 4 in a short time in a sealed space, has the advantages of convenience in device, simplicity in operation, high sensitivity and the like, is a main method for researching the carbon flux change of low plants such as farmlands, grasslands and the like, but the existence of a sealed box body weakens the spatial variability of gas in the measuring process, and the box body can also cause interference to the environment of a sampling area, such as temperature, humidity, air flow, pressure and the like, thereby influencing the accuracy of data. In summary, the existing method for determining the carbon sequestration capacity of plants still has certain defects, and no system for determining the net carbon sequestration capacity of the whole life cycle of plants is found.
In view of the above, the invention provides an automatic plant net carbon fixing capacity measuring system aiming at the characteristic that the plant growth and development process has dual functions of carbon sink and carbon source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic plant net carbon fixing capability measuring system and an automatic plant net carbon fixing capability measuring method, which can be used for measuring the carbon fixing amount in the plant growth process and the carbon emission amount in the decomposition process of the fallen matters, and further explaining the net carbon fixing capability of plants by comparing the characteristics of plant carbon fixing and carbon emission of the fallen matters.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme that the automatic plant carbon purifying and fixing capability measuring system comprises a plant artificial photosynthesis incubator, a gas supply and discharge unit and a gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit, wherein the plant artificial photosynthesis incubator is controlled by an upper computer IPC and a PLC. The plant artificial photosynthesis incubator comprises a shell, a sealed inner working chamber is arranged in the shell, an LED lamp source, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and a constant temperature and humidity adjusting device are arranged in the inner working chamber, and temperature, humidity and pressure signals of the inner working chamber are transmitted to a PLC at any time by the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the pressure sensor and displayed on an upper computer IPC. The gas supply and exhaust unit comprises an air inlet device and an air exhaust device which are connected with the inner working chamber, the gas online continuous automatic monitoring unit comprises a first gas electromagnetic valve, a second gas electromagnetic valve, online infrared analysis equipment and online gas chromatography analysis equipment, the air inlet ends of the first gas electromagnetic valve and the second gas electromagnetic valve are connected with the air exhaust device, the air exhaust ends of the first gas electromagnetic valve and the second gas electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the online infrared analysis equipment and the online gas chromatography analysis equipment, and the online infrared analysis equipment and the online gas chromatography analysis equipment are connected with the air inlet device through pipelines.
Further, the air inlet device comprises a carrier gas cylinder, an air inlet pump, a first electromagnetic three-way valve, a first air flowmeter and an air inlet hole arranged on the inner working chamber which are sequentially connected through pipelines.
Further, the on-line infrared analysis device and the on-line gas chromatography analysis device are connected with a first electromagnetic three-way valve of the air inlet device through pipelines.
Further, exhaust apparatus includes sampling probe, suction opening, aspiration pump, second electromagnetism three-way valve and second gas flowmeter, and sampling probe sets up in the working chamber, and the suction opening sets up on the working chamber, and sampling probe is connected with the suction opening, and the suction opening is connected with second gas flowmeter, aspiration pump and second electromagnetism three-way valve in proper order.
Further, the second electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with the first gas electromagnetic valve and the second gas electromagnetic valve.
Further, an organic glass window is arranged on the inner working chamber.
Further, the LED light source is internally provided with light emitting diodes of red, white, blue and green wave bands and also comprises an ultraviolet lamp.
Further, the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device comprises a refrigerating unit, a heating system, a humidifying system and a dehumidifying system, and is arranged between the outer shell and the inner working chamber and communicated with the inner working chamber.
An automatic plant net carbon fixing capacity measuring system measuring method comprises the following steps:
And S100, monitoring the environmental conditions of a working chamber in the incubator in real time by a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor, transmitting signals to a PLC and displaying the signals on an upper computer IPC.
And S200, when the temperature or the humidity of the inner working chamber is lower than or higher than a set value, the PLC receives signals of the temperature sensor or the humidity sensor and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device to adjust the temperature or the humidity of the inner working chamber so that the temperature or the humidity of the inner working chamber reaches the set value, and when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC controls the air inlet device and the air outlet device according to signals of the pressure sensor until the pressure of the inner working chamber reaches the set value.
And S300, starting the air pump at fixed time, pumping the sample gas by the exhaust device, entering the gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit, measuring the concentration of different gases, and transmitting data to the upper computer IPC.
And S400, when the gas concentration exceeds a set value, the PLC controls the air inlet device and the air outlet device until the gas concentration of the inner working chamber is recovered to the set value, and the gas analyzed by the on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit enters the inner working chamber again through the air inlet device so as to keep the gas composition of the inner working chamber unchanged.
S500, calculating the net carbon fixing capacity numerical value of the plant:
After being analyzed by on-line infrared analysis equipment, the mass of CO 2 absorbed by the net photosynthesis of the plants and the emission of CO 2 decomposed by plant apoptosis can be obtained; after the measurement of the online gas chromatographic analysis equipment, CH 4 emission of plant litters can be obtained respectively, and the calculation method of the net carbon fixing capacity of the plants comprises the following steps:
Wherein M represents the net carbon fixing capacity of the plant, 12/44 represents the coefficient of conversion of CO 2 to C, S j represents the mass of CO 2 absorbed by the plant by net photosynthesis over a period of j days, L t1 represents the emission of CO 2 at time t of the dry matter grown by the plant at time j, L t2 represents the emission of CH 4 at time t of the dry matter grown by the plant at time j, and 25 represents the coefficient of conversion of CH 4 to CO 2 equivalents.
Compared with the prior art, the experiment is carried out in the sealed plant artificial photosynthesis incubator, the measured data are more accurate, the LED lamp source, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the pressure sensor and the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device in the incubator can keep the environment in the incubator stable, the problems of dysplasia, retardation or death and the like in the plant cultivation process are solved, the gas supply and discharge unit can realize automation of gas regulation in the incubator, the stability of the concentration and the pressure of the gas in the incubator is maintained, and the online continuous automatic monitoring unit of the gas can continuously, automatically and for a long time analyze sample gas in the incubator, and is continuous in operation and stable in operation.
The invention has two experimental systems of plant photosynthesis carbon fixation and carbon emission in the process of littering substance decomposition, has stable operation and strong controllability, effectively promotes the accuracy of measured data, simplifies the operation steps of the existing experiment, avoids errors caused by manual operation or errors, and simultaneously ensures that the whole system flow is simple, automatic and visual, the data processing is accurate and timely, and the invention has wide application prospect by using the PLC and the upper computer IPC.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of data transmission and control according to the present invention;
In the figure, 1 part of incubator shell, 2 parts of LED lamp source, 3 parts of sealed inner working chamber, 4 parts of organic glass window, 5 parts of sampling probe, 6 parts of temperature sensor, 7 parts of humidity sensor, 8 parts of experimental sample, 9 parts of air inlet pump, 10 parts of first electromagnetic three-way valve, 11 parts of first gas flowmeter, 12 parts of carrier gas cylinder, 13 parts of gas, 14 parts of constant temperature and humidity regulating device, 15 parts of air inlet hole, 16 parts of air suction hole, 17 parts of second gas flowmeter, 18 parts of air suction pump, 19 parts of second electromagnetic three-way valve, 20 parts of pressure sensor, 21 parts of first gas electromagnetic valve, 22 parts of online infrared analysis equipment, 23 parts of second gas electromagnetic valve, 24 parts of online gas chromatographic analysis equipment, 25 parts of PLC controller and 26 parts of upper computer IPC.
Detailed Description
The system is further described below in conjunction with figures 1 and 2 of the specification.
An automatic plant carbon purifying and fixing capability measuring system comprises a plant artificial photosynthesis incubator, a gas supply and discharge unit and a gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit, wherein the plant artificial photosynthesis incubator is controlled by an upper computer IPC26 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 25.
The upper computer IPC26 is provided with a liquid crystal industrial tablet personal computer and has the functions of displaying collected data (temperature, humidity, pressure, flow, CO 2 concentration, O 2 concentration and CH 4 concentration), setting various parameter values (temperature, humidity, pressure and gas concentration) of the environment in the incubator, completing maintenance and diagnosis operations of various parts in the device, editing instrument parameters and analysis methods and the like. The large screen touch screen mode is adopted, the screen picture enables the experiment operation to be simple and the editing to be convenient, the interface is provided with Chinese and English for selection, the data change curve graph and the data can be displayed by the screen, the automatic calculation function is provided, the temperature, the humidity, the concentration change of CO 2 and CH 4 can be immediately corrected, and the control is more accurate and stable.
The PLC 25 receives signals of various gas concentrations (CO 2 concentration, O 2 concentration and CH 4 concentration), temperature, humidity, pressure and flow, carries out data deep processing through software, and transmits processed data to the upper computer IPC25, meanwhile, the component is a master controller of the whole device, can control the on-off states of other units or devices according to the received signals, and provides rich functions, higher reliability and expansibility.
The plant artificial photosynthesis incubator consists of a shell 1, a sealed inner working chamber 3, an LED lamp source 2, an organic glass window 4, a temperature sensor 6, a humidity sensor 7, a pressure sensor 20 and a constant temperature and humidity adjusting device 14, wherein the LED lamp source 2 is internally provided with a light emitting diode and an ultraviolet lamp in red, white, blue and green wave bands for plant illumination, the LED lamp source is arranged at the top of the working chamber in the incubator, the illumination intensity can be automatically adjusted, the ultraviolet lamp can be used for sterilizing the inner working chamber 3 at regular time, and the cleanness in a closed space is ensured. The temperature sensor 6, the humidity sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 20 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the working chamber 3 in the incubator, the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device 14 consists of a refrigerating unit (a refrigerating agent, a refrigerating machine, a drying filter and a fan), a heating system (a stainless steel pipe with radiating fins), a humidifying system (a steam heating wire coil pipe) and a dehumidifying system (a compressor), and is arranged between the incubator shell 1 and the inner working chamber 3 and communicated with the inner working chamber 3. The TMHM constant temperature room adjusting mode is adopted for keeping the environment of the inner working chamber stable. The sealed inner working chamber 3 adopts an inner cavity integrated laser inner and outer welding process, the sealing is free from leakage, the material is a stainless steel mirror inner container, the four corners are semicircular arc-shaped excessively, the sealing inner working chamber has an automatic cleaning function, and meanwhile, a partition plate with a proper size can be selected to be installed in the inner working chamber, so that the free division of the space in the box is realized.
The temperature sensor 6, the humidity sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 20 transmit temperature, humidity and pressure signals of the inner working chamber to the PLC 25 at any time, and the signals are displayed on the upper computer IPC26, but when the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber 3 is lower or higher than a set value, the PLC 25 receives the signals and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device 14 to adjust the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber 3, so that the temperature and humidity of the inner working chamber 3 reach the set value, and when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC 25 controls the on-off state of the gas supply and exhaust unit and monitors the gas flow according to the signals of the pressure sensor 20 until the pressure of the inner working chamber 3 reaches the set value.
The gas supply and exhaust unit consists of a gas inlet device and an exhaust device, wherein the gas inlet device consists of a carrier gas cylinder 12, a gas inlet pump 9, a first electromagnetic three-way valve 10, a first gas flowmeter 11 and a gas inlet hole 15 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the exhaust device consists of a sampling probe 5, a gas exhaust hole 16, a gas exhaust pump 18, a second electromagnetic three-way valve 19 and a second gas flowmeter 17 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, the sampling probe 5 is arranged on the left wall surface and the right wall surface of an inner working chamber in a variable manner, can collect sample gas in all directions of the inner working chamber 3 for measurement, is connected with the gas exhaust hole 16 on the upper wall surface of the right side of the incubator through a pipeline, the other end of the gas exhaust hole 16 is connected with the exhaust device outside the incubator through a pipeline, the gas inlet hole 15 is arranged on the lower wall surface of the left side of the incubator, the gas inlet hole 15 is connected with the gas inlet device outside the incubator, and the carrier gas cylinder 12 can be replaced as required.
The gas online continuous automatic monitoring unit consists of a first gas electromagnetic valve 21, a second gas electromagnetic valve 23, an online infrared analysis device 22 and an online gas chromatography analysis device 24 which are connected through pipelines, wherein the air inlet ends of the first gas electromagnetic valve 21 and the second gas electromagnetic valve 23 are connected with a second electromagnetic three-way valve 19, the air outlet ends of the first gas electromagnetic valve 21 and the second gas electromagnetic valve 23 are respectively connected with the online infrared analysis device 22 and the online gas chromatography analysis device 24, and the online infrared analysis device 22 and the online gas chromatography analysis device 24 are connected with the first electromagnetic three-way valve 10 through pipelines so that analyzed gas reenters the working chamber 3 in the incubator, and the gas components of the inner working chamber 3 are kept unchanged.
The gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit is used for analyzing the concentration of CO 2、O2 and CH 4 of the collected sample gas, transmitting the information to the PLC controller 25, displaying the information on the upper computer IPC26, and when the concentration of CO 2、O2 and CH 4 exceeds or is lower than a set value, the PLC controller 25 receives the signal and controls the on-off state of the gas supply and discharge unit, monitors the gas flow until the gas concentration of the inner working chamber 3 is recovered to the set value, and has the functions of maintenance calibration, fault diagnosis, alarm function, automatic data calibration, wireless data transmission and the like.
The on-line infrared analysis equipment adopts NDIR technology to detect the non-dispersed infrared gas of CO 2, can accurately monitor low-concentration CO 2 and eliminate the interference of other gases. And obtaining the absorption spectrum of the gas to be detected according to the contrast analysis of the difference of the gas molecules to be detected on the radiation absorption of the specific light source and the original light intensity, so as to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the components and the content of the gas absorbed in the wave band.
First, the relationship between I and I 0 is obtained from the Lambert-Beer law, as shown in formula (1):
I(λ)=I0(λ)e(-Lσ(λ)c) (1)
wherein lambda represents the wavelength of the spectrum, I (lambda) represents the emergent light intensity, I 0 (lambda) represents the incident light intensity, L represents the effective optical path, sigma (lambda) represents the absorption section of the gas to be measured, and c represents the concentration of the gas to be measured.
Considering Rayleigh scattering (Rayleigh), rice scattering (Mie) and the absorption of other gas molecules, the expression (1) is modified as:
Wherein λ represents the wavelength of the spectrum, I (λ) represents the intensity of the emitted light, I 0 (λ) represents the intensity of the incident light, L represents the effective optical path, σ i' (λ) represents the absorption cross section of the ith gas under test, and c i represents the concentration of the gas under test.
Introducing a reference analysis channel, wherein the absorption of any gas does not exist in the bandwidth of the channel filter, or the absorption is negligible, so that the signal attenuation amplitude caused by external interference at any moment is the same as that of the target gas analysis channel, and after the signal attenuation amplitude is converted into absorbance, the formula (2) can be modified as follows:
Wherein A represents total absorbance, I 1' (lambda) and I 1 (lambda) are respectively reference signal intensities before and after gas absorption, and Ai is absorbance of the ith gas.
When NDIR multicomponent gas is analyzed, n filters are respectively used for measuring n target gases, the total absorbance in each analysis channel is the superposition of a series of absorbance, n analysis channels can establish n-element linear regression equation sets, such as formula (4), the concentration value C (CO2) of CO 2 can be obtained by solving the n-element linear regression equation sets, the CO2 mass discharged by absorption of plant net photosynthesis or decomposition of litters is calculated according to the size of a closed space by measuring the difference of the concentration of CO 2 for multiple times, and the mass is S j and L t1 respectively.
The on-line gas chromatographic analysis equipment adopts a hydrogen Flame Ionization Detector (FID) with high sensitivity to measure CH 4 with functions of automatic ignition, automatic flow display such as hydrogen, air, tail blowing and the like, automatic overtemperature protection and the like, is high in sensitivity, simple in maintenance and low in gas consumption, the FID detector takes nitrogen as carrier gas, hydrogen and air as energy sources to enable sample components separated by a chromatographic column to be subjected to chemical ionization, positive and negative ions generated after the organic compound C mHn is subjected to the following reaction ：CmHn→-CH;-CH+O→CHO++e-;CHO++H2O→H3O++CO, ionization form micro-current under the action of a micro-power plant formed by polarized voltage, the size of signals in a certain range is in proportion to the mass of the detected components entering the detector in unit time, an electric signal is recorded, a chromatogram with peak area in proportion to the organic compound is obtained, the organic compound is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed according to the chromatogram of the hydrogen flame ionization detector, the concentration value C (CH4) of the detected components CH 4 can be obtained, and the plant litters can be obtained according to the difference value of the measured CH 4 concentration, namely the plant litters 6257 can be obtained.
An automatic plant net carbon fixing capacity measuring system measuring method comprises the following steps:
s100, monitoring the environment condition of a working chamber 3 in the incubator in real time by a temperature sensor 6, a humidity sensor 7 and a pressure sensor 20, transmitting signals to a PLC (programmable logic controller) 25, and displaying the signals on an upper computer IPC 26;
S200, when the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber 3 is lower than or higher than a set value, the PLC 25 receives signals of the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7 and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device to adjust the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber 3 so that the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber 3 reaches the set value, when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC 25 controls the air inlet device and the air outlet device according to signals of the pressure sensor 20 until the pressure of the inner working chamber 3 reaches the set value;
S300, starting the air pump 18 at fixed time, pumping the sample gas by the exhaust device, then entering the gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit, measuring the concentration of different gases, and transmitting data to the upper computer IPC26;
And S400, when the gas concentration exceeds a set value, the PLC 25 controls the air inlet device and the air outlet device until the gas concentration of the inner working chamber 3 is recovered to the set value, and the gas analyzed by the on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit is re-introduced into the inner working chamber 3 through the air inlet device so as to keep the gas composition of the inner working chamber 3 unchanged.
S500, the net carbon fixing capacity of the plant is the carbon fixing benefit after the carbon emission of the plant is removed, the mass of CO 2 absorbed by the net photosynthesis of the plant and the emission of CO 2 decomposed by plant litters can be obtained after the analysis of the on-line infrared analysis equipment 22, and the emission of CH 4 decomposed by plant litters can be obtained after the measurement of the on-line gas chromatography analysis equipment 24. The calculation method of the net carbon fixing capacity of the plant comprises the following steps:
Wherein M represents the net carbon fixing capacity of the plant, 12/44 represents the coefficient of conversion of CO 2 to C, S j represents the mass of CO 2 absorbed by the plant by net photosynthesis over a period of j days, L t1 represents the emission of CO 2 at time t of the dry matter grown by the plant at time j, L t2 represents the emission of CH 4 at time t of the dry matter grown by the plant at time j, and 25 represents the coefficient of conversion of CH 4 to CO 2 equivalents.
A preferred embodiment of the present system is described in detail below in conjunction with figures 1 and 2.
Example 1:
A measurement system for investigating net CO 2 uptake by plants is provided, the operation of which is described in detail below.
The carrier gas cylinder 12 is a mixed gas cylinder, and the second gas solenoid valve 23 is always in a closed state. The temperature sensor 6, the humidity sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 20 monitor the environment condition of the working chamber 3 in the incubator in real time, signals are transmitted to the PLC controller 25, and the upper computer IPC26 displays that when the temperature or the humidity of the working chamber 3 is lower than or higher than a set value, the PLC controller 25 receives the signals of the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7 and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device to adjust the temperature or the humidity of the working chamber 3 so that the temperature or the humidity of the working chamber 3 reaches the set value, when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC controller 25 controls the on-off state of the gas supply and exhaust unit according to the signals of the pressure sensor 20, monitors the gas flow rate until the pressure of the working chamber 3 reaches the set value, the air pump 18 is started at fixed time, the sampling probe 5 pumps the sampled gas and then enters the gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit through the valve of the second electromagnetic three-way valve 19, the sample gas enters the on-line infrared analysis device 22 through the first gas electromagnetic valve 21 for measuring the concentration of CO 2 and O 2, and the CO 2 concentration of the infrared analysis device 22 at the moment, the PLC controller 25 receives the concentration of the O 2 and the signal of the CO 2 of the infrared analysis device 22, and transmits the signal to the IPC controller 25 until the on-off state of the working chamber 3 exceeds the set value, and the gas flow rate reaches the set value when the pressure exceeds the set value, and the gas flow rate of the PLC controller 3525 is controlled, and the gas flow rate exceeds the set value, and the set value is recovered.
Example 2:
An assay system for studying the release of CO 2 and CH 4 from the decomposition of litter in an aerobic environment is provided, the operation of which is described in detail below.
The temperature sensor 6, the humidity sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 20 monitor the environmental condition of the working chamber 3 in the incubator in real time, signals are transmitted to the PLC 25, and the upper computer IPC26 displays that when the temperature or the humidity of the working chamber 3 is lower than or higher than a set value, the PLC 25 receives the signals of the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7 and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device to adjust the temperature or the humidity of the working chamber 3 so that the temperature or the humidity of the working chamber 3 reaches the set value; when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC controller 25 controls the on-off state of the gas supply and exhaust unit and monitors the gas flow rate until the pressure of the inner working chamber 3 reaches the set value according to the signal of the pressure sensor 20, the air pump 18 is started at regular time, the sampling probe 5 pumps the sampling gas and then the sampling gas is converted into the gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit through the valve of the second electromagnetic three-way valve 19, one path of the sampling gas enters the on-line infrared analysis equipment 22 through the first gas electromagnetic valve 21 for measuring the concentration of CO 2 and O 2, the other path of the sampling gas enters the on-line gas chromatographic analysis equipment through the second gas electromagnetic valve 23 for measuring the concentration of CH 4, at the moment, the PLC controller 25 receives the signals of the concentration of CO 2, the concentration of O 2 and the concentration of CH 4 and transmits the data to the upper computer IPC26, but when the concentration of the CO 2 and the concentration of O 2 exceed the set value, the PLC controller 25 controls the on-off state of the gas supply and exhaust unit and monitors the gas flow rate until the gas concentration of the inner working chamber 3 is recovered to the set value, the gas analyzed by the on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit is reentered into the inner working chamber 3 through the first electromagnetic three-way valve 10, to keep the gas composition of the working chamber 3 in the incubator unchanged.
Example 3:
An assay system for studying the release of CO 2 and CH 4 from the decomposition of litter in an anaerobic environment is provided, the operation of which is described in detail below.
The carrier gas bottle 12 is an N 2 bottle, the air inlet device conveys N 2 into the incubator at the beginning of the experiment, and the air exhaust device pumps air out of the incubator until the incubator is filled with N 2, so that an anaerobic environment is created; the temperature sensor 6, the humidity sensor 7 and the pressure sensor 20 monitor the environment condition of the working chamber 3 in the incubator in real time, signals are transmitted to the PLC controller 25, and the upper computer IPC26 displays that when the temperature or the humidity in the incubator of the inner working chamber 3 is lower than or higher than a set value, the PLC controller 25 receives signals of the temperature sensor 6 or the humidity sensor 7 and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device to regulate the temperature and the humidity of the inner working chamber 3, so that the temperature and the humidity of the inner working chamber 3 reach the set value, when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC controller 25 controls the on-off state of the gas supply and exhaust unit according to the signals of the pressure sensor 20, monitors the gas flow rate until the pressure of the inner working chamber 3 reaches the set value, the sampling pump 18 is started at a certain time, the sampled gas is converted into a gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit through the valve of the second electromagnetic three-way valve 19 after being pumped by the sampling probe 5, one path of the sampled gas enters the on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit through the first gas electromagnetic valve 21, the CO 2 concentration is measured, the other path of the gas is pumped into the on-line automatic monitoring unit through the gas electromagnetic valve 22 through the sampling probe 5, the second gas electromagnetic valve 21, the CO concentration is continuously enters the on-line automatic monitoring unit 4 through the gas analyzer for measuring the on-line automatic monitoring unit 4, the gas concentration is automatically through the gas-phase analyzer unit for the gas-passing through the gas-communication device 4, and the three-way valve 25, and the automatic analyzer unit for measuring the concentration of the gas concentration is 4, and the gas concentration is automatically, and the gas is fed through the PLC unit, and the three-phase controller 4, and the gas is 4, when the gas concentration is detected, so as to keep the gas composition of the working chamber 3 in the incubator unchanged.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic plant carbon purifying and fixing capability measuring system is characterized by comprising a plant artificial photosynthesis incubator, a gas supply and discharge unit and a gas on-line continuous automatic monitoring unit which are controlled by an upper computer IPC (26) and a PLC (25),
The plant artificial photosynthesis incubator comprises a shell (1), a sealed inner working chamber (3) is arranged in the shell (1), an LED lamp source (2), a temperature sensor (6), a humidity sensor (7), a pressure sensor (20) and a constant temperature and humidity regulating device (14) are arranged in the inner working chamber (3), the temperature sensor (6), the humidity sensor (7) and the pressure sensor (20) transmit temperature, humidity and pressure signals of the inner working chamber to a PLC (25) at any time and display the signals on an upper computer IPC (26),
The gas supply and exhaust unit comprises an air inlet device and an air exhaust device which are connected with the inner working chamber (3);
The gas online continuous automatic monitoring unit comprises a first gas electromagnetic valve (21), a second gas electromagnetic valve (23), online infrared analysis equipment (22) and online gas chromatography analysis equipment (24), wherein the gas inlet ends of the first gas electromagnetic valve (21) and the second gas electromagnetic valve (23) are connected with a gas exhaust device, the gas exhaust ends are respectively connected with the online infrared analysis equipment (22) and the online gas chromatography analysis equipment (24), and the online infrared analysis equipment (22) and the online gas chromatography analysis equipment (24) are connected with the gas inlet device through pipelines;
The air inlet device comprises a carrier gas cylinder (12), an air inlet pump (9), a first electromagnetic three-way valve (10), a first gas flowmeter (11) and an air inlet hole (15) arranged on the inner working chamber (3) which are sequentially connected through pipelines;
The exhaust device comprises a sampling probe (5), an air suction hole (16), an air suction pump (18), a second electromagnetic three-way valve (19) and a second gas flowmeter (17), wherein the sampling probe (5) is arranged in the inner working chamber (3), the air suction hole (16) is arranged on the working chamber (3), the sampling probe (5) is connected with the air suction hole (16), and the air suction hole (16) is sequentially connected with the second gas flowmeter (17), the air suction pump (18) and the second electromagnetic three-way valve (19);
the second electromagnetic three-way valve (19) is connected with the first gas electromagnetic valve (21) and the second gas electromagnetic valve (23).
2. The automated plant carbon sequestration capacity determination system of claim 1, wherein the on-line infrared analysis device (22) and the on-line gas chromatograph device (24) are connected to the first electromagnetic three-way valve (10) of the air intake device via a pipeline.
3. The automated plant carbon sequestration capacity determination system of claim 1, wherein the inner working chamber (3) is provided with a plexiglass window (4).
4. The system for measuring the carbon sequestration capacity of an automatic plant according to claim 1, wherein the LED lamp source (2) is internally provided with light emitting diodes of four wave bands of red, white, blue and green, and further comprises an ultraviolet lamp.
5. The automated plant carbon sequestration capacity measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the constant temperature and humidity regulator comprises a refrigerating unit, a heating system, a humidifying system and a dehumidifying system, and the constant temperature and humidity regulator is placed between the outer casing (1) and the inner working chamber (3) and is communicated with the inner working chamber (3).
6. An assay method of an automated plant net carbon sequestration capacity assay system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized by comprising the steps of,
S100, monitoring the environment condition of a working chamber (3) in the incubator in real time by a temperature sensor (6), a humidity sensor (7) and a pressure sensor (20), transmitting signals to a PLC (programmable logic controller) 25, and displaying the signals on an upper computer IPC (26);
S200, when the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber (3) is lower than or higher than a set value, the PLC (25) receives signals of the temperature sensor (6) or the humidity sensor (7) and controls the constant temperature and humidity adjusting device to adjust the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber (3) so that the temperature or humidity of the inner working chamber (3) reaches the set value, and when the pressure exceeds the set value, the PLC (25) controls the air inlet device and the air outlet device according to signals of the pressure sensor (20) until the pressure of the inner working chamber (3) reaches the set value;
S300, starting an air pump (18) at fixed time, pumping the sample gas by an exhaust device, then entering a gas online continuous automatic monitoring unit, measuring the concentration of different gases, and transmitting data to an upper computer IPC (26);
S400, when the gas concentration exceeds a set value, the PLC (25) controls the air inlet device and the air outlet device until the gas concentration of the inner working chamber (3) is recovered to the set value, and the gas analyzed by the online continuous automatic monitoring unit reenters the inner working chamber (3) through the air inlet device so as to keep the gas component of the inner working chamber (3) unchanged;
s500, calculating the net carbon fixing capacity numerical value of the plant:
After analysis by an online infrared analysis device (22), the CO 2 mass absorbed by the plant net photosynthesis and the CO 2 emission amount decomposed by plant litters can be obtained, after measurement by the online gas chromatography analysis device (24), the CH 4 emission amount decomposed by plant litters can be obtained respectively, and the calculation method of the plant net carbon fixing capacity comprises the following steps:
Wherein M represents the net carbon fixing capacity of the plant, 12/44 represents the coefficient of conversion of CO 2 to C, S j represents the mass of CO 2 absorbed by the plant by net photosynthesis over a period of j days, L tj1 represents the emission of CO 2 at time t of the dry matter grown by the plant at time j, L tj2 represents the emission of CH 4 at time t of the dry matter grown by the plant at time j, and 25 represents the coefficient of conversion of CH 4 to CO 2 equivalents.
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