CN114801160A - 3DP printer and printing method - Google Patents
3DP printer and printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114801160A CN114801160A CN202210237654.0A CN202210237654A CN114801160A CN 114801160 A CN114801160 A CN 114801160A CN 202210237654 A CN202210237654 A CN 202210237654A CN 114801160 A CN114801160 A CN 114801160A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/314—Preparation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3DP printer, which comprises a rack, a printing mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a working platform, wherein the printing mechanism comprises a first linear motion unit, a second linear motion unit and a printing trolley, the first linear motion unit can drive the second linear motion unit to move along the length direction of the working platform, and the second linear motion unit can drive the printing trolley to move along the width direction of the working platform; spread powder mechanism and include third linear motion unit and shop's powder ware, the third linear motion unit can order about shop's powder ware is followed work platform's length direction removes, elevating system can order about work platform removes along upper and lower direction. The 3DP printer has a wider printing range, can print by reciprocating motion, and has higher printing efficiency. The invention also discloses a 3DP printing method based on the 3DP printer, which can avoid the phenomenon of idle stroke and has higher printing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3DP printer and a printing method.
Background
At present, the 3D printing technologies that are widely applied mainly include fused deposition rapid prototyping (FDM), light curing modeling (SLA), three-dimensional printing (3DP), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and the like. Among them, the 3DP technology has been widely used because it has features of large molding volume, fast printing speed and low cost.
The principle of 3DP technical printing is: the method comprises the steps of firstly generating an STL file from a part CAD model, slicing and layering the model to obtain a section graph, then generating section graph information into control information, and sending the corresponding control information to each printing mechanism by a controller for printing. During modeling, the catalyst and the powder are uniformly stirred, the spray head accurately sprays the binder on the working platform according to the section pattern, the powder mixed with the catalyst is paved on the working platform by the powder paving device, the binder and the catalyst are subjected to a glue-linking reaction, the powder is solidified layer by layer and is piled up and molded, the powder under the combined action of the binder and the catalyst is solidified together, the next layer is adhered after the solidification of one layer, and a space entity is obtained after all the section patterns are adhered. The powder is still in a loose powder state at the place where the binder is not sprayed, the powder is easy to remove, and the loose powder which is not solidified in the middle is cleaned, so that a solid model for 3D printing can be obtained.
The existing 3DP printer can only realize one-way powder paving, namely the powder paving device returns to the original position of the powder paving device after paving a layer of powder, and the powder paving device continues to pave the next layer of powder after the spray head of the printing trolley prints the layer; the printing trolley also moves in a single direction, namely the printing trolley returns to the printing original point after printing one layer; in addition, the movement direction of the powder spreader is the same as the printing direction of the printing trolley, so that the printing waiting time is long, the idle stroke is long, and the printing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3DP printer and a printing method for solving one or more technical problems in the prior art.
The solution of the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a3 DP printer comprises a frame, a printing mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a working platform; the printing mechanism comprises a first linear motion unit, a second linear motion unit and a printing trolley; the first linear motion unit is arranged on the rack, the first linear motion unit is arranged along the length direction of the working platform, the second linear motion unit is arranged on the first linear motion unit, the second linear motion unit is arranged along the width direction of the working platform, the printing trolley is arranged on the second linear motion unit, a printing nozzle is arranged on the printing trolley, the printing nozzle is positioned above the working platform, the first linear motion unit can drive the second linear motion unit to move along the length direction of the working platform, and the second linear motion unit can drive the printing trolley to move along the width direction of the working platform; the powder spreading mechanism comprises a third linear motion unit and a powder spreader; the third linear motion unit is arranged on the rack and arranged along the length direction of the working platform, the powder spreader is arranged on the third linear motion unit and positioned above the working platform, and the third linear motion unit can drive the powder spreader to move along the length direction of the working platform; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the rack, the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected with the working platform, and the lifting mechanism can drive the working platform to move in the up-and-down direction.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the powder spreader of the 3DP printer can realize reciprocating motion on a working platform, can realize reciprocating powder spreading without idle stroke, can spread powder from an original point, can also spread powder from a pause waiting station, finishes one-time powder spreading after starting once, does not need idle stroke return, eliminates auxiliary time, and has higher powder spreading efficiency compared with the traditional printer. The powder spreader and the printing trolley are respectively arranged in two vertical directions of the working platform, namely the powder spreader moves along the length direction of the working platform, the printing trolley moves along the width direction and the length direction of the working platform, when the powder spreader spreads powder in front of the working platform, the printing trolley can print after the powder spreader moves for a small distance, so that the printing trolley does not need to start printing after the powder spreader is completely spread, the waiting time is reduced, and the printing efficiency is improved.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, spread the powder ware including spread the powder mounting panel, spread the powder hopper, electronic roller and scrape the subassembly, spread the powder mounting panel and establish on the third linear motion unit, spread the powder hopper and establish on spreading the powder mounting panel, the below of spreading the powder hopper is equipped with the discharge gate, electronic roller is established the below of discharge gate and being located work platform's top, electronic roller's both ends are followed work platform's width direction extends, the quantity of scraping the subassembly is two, and two are scraped the quantity of subassembly and are followed work platform's length direction establishes respectively electric roller's both sides, two scrape the subassembly and all be located work platform's top, traditional powder ware of spreading only one and be used for scraping the part of powder, can scrape the powder on the work platform when spreading the powder forward promptly, but just can not play the effect of scraping the powder when the back motion, therefore, the traditional powder spreading device can only realize unidirectional powder spreading and cannot realize bidirectional powder spreading, and the powder spreading device is provided with the two strickling assemblies which are respectively positioned on two sides of the electric roller, so that the powder spreading device can play a role in strickling powder no matter the powder spreading device moves forwards or backwards, bidirectional powder spreading can be realized, no idle stroke return is needed, and the powder spreading efficiency is higher.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the powder spreading device further comprises a scattering assembly, the scattering assembly comprises a roller-shaped scattering brush and a scattering motor, the two ends of the roller-shaped scattering brush extend along the width direction of the working platform, the roller-shaped scattering brush is positioned on the side surface of the electric roller, the scattering motor is arranged on the powder spreading mounting plate, the output end of the scattering motor is connected with the roller-shaped scattering brush to drive the roller-shaped scattering brush to rotate, the length direction of the roller-shaped scattering brush is parallel to the width direction of the working platform, the width direction of the roller-shaped scattering brush is parallel to the length direction of the working platform, namely, the scattering motor can drive the roller-shaped scattering brush to rotate, the scattering assembly can further scatter powder sent out by the discharge port into uniform powder, and then the powder falls on the surface of the working platform, creates better conditions for scraping the sand surface of the powder, and is convenient for scraping the powder on the working platform.
As the further improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, strickle the subassembly and include the strickle, the length direction of strickle with work platform's width direction is parallel, the one end of strickle with spread the powder mounting panel and connect, the other end downwardly extending of strickle, the lower extreme of strickle is located work platform's top is convenient for strickle the powder on the work platform for thin one deck, and it is better to strickle the effect.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the width of the single printing breadth of the printing spray head is one N times of the length of the working platform, N is more than or equal to 2, N is a positive integer, when in printing, the printing trolley moves along the width direction of the working platform to print one part of the printing breadth on the working platform, then the printing trolley moves along the length direction of the working platform for a distance of one printing length, then moves along the width direction of the working platform to print the other part on the working platform, and reciprocates in such a way, the length of the working platform is N times of the single printing length, namely the length of the working platform is an integral multiple of the single printing length, each movement of the printing trolley can print one part on the working platform, each stroke of the printing trolley is not wasted, and the maximization of the single printing range of the printing trolley can be realized, the efficiency of printing is improved, improves the utilization ratio of printing the dolly, and adjacent twice printing scope can not take place to overlap moreover, ensures the accuracy of printing, and product quality is better.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first linear motion unit includes a first linear module, the first linear module is disposed along a length direction of the working platform, the second linear motion unit includes a second linear module, the second linear module is disposed along a width direction of the working platform, the second linear module is disposed on the first linear module, the printing cart is disposed on the second linear module, the first linear module can drive the second linear module to move along the length direction of the working platform, the second linear module can drive the printing cart to move along the width direction of the working platform, the second linear module is located below the first linear module, the printing cart is located below the second linear module, and the position change of the printing cart is realized by using the first linear module and the second linear module, the printing trolley is more stable in the moving process, and the printing quality is better.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the third linear motion unit includes two third linear modules, two of the third linear modules are respectively disposed at two sides of the working platform, the two third linear modules are both disposed along the length direction of the working platform, the powder spreader is disposed along the width direction of the working platform, two ends of the powder spreader are respectively connected to the two third linear modules, the two third linear modules can drive the powder spreader to move along the length direction of the working platform, the third linear module is located below the powder spreader, the length of the commonly used powder spreader is long, so that the position change of the powder spreader is realized by using the two third linear modules, that is, the two third linear modules are respectively located at two ends of the powder spreader, so that the powder spreader is more stable in the moving process, spread the powder effect better, in addition, the third sharp module is located the below of spreading the powder ware, and first sharp module and the top that the second sharp module is located the printing dolly, and the motion of first sharp module and second sharp module can not be interfered at the in-process of work to the third sharp module, makes things convenient for first sharp module, the linkage of second sharp module and third sharp module realization, and structural design is more reasonable.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, be equipped with the work box in the frame, be equipped with the ascending working chamber of opening in the work box, work platform is located the working chamber, elevating system can order about work platform is in the working chamber is followed the upper and lower direction and is removed, and work platform can reciprocate in the working chamber, because after the shape of the good one deck product of printing, work platform can move down the one deck, consequently, in other words, the good one deck product of printing can descend and enter into the working chamber, and the product can remain in the working chamber always, can protect the product better, prevents that the product from damaging.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, elevating system includes electronic lead screw, electronic lead screw's output with work platform connects, electronic lead screw can order about work platform removes along upper and lower direction, electronic lead screw adopts servo motor to drive, adopts servo motor drive, and the accuracy is higher, and stability is better.
The invention also provides a 3DP printing method based on the 3DP printer, which comprises the following steps:
s100, the third linear module drives the powder spreader to move along the length direction of the working platform, and the powder spreader moves from one end of the working platform to the other end of the working platform;
s200, the second linear module drives the printing trolley to move along the width direction of the working platform, and the printing trolley moves from one end of the working platform to the other end of the working platform;
s300, after the printing trolley moves once along the width direction of the working platform, the first linear module drives the second linear module to move along the length direction of the working platform, and the moving distance is the width of the single printing breadth of the printing spray head;
s400, the second linear module drives the printing trolley to move along the width direction of the working platform, and the moving direction is opposite to the moving direction in the step S200;
s500, the first linear module drives the second linear module to move along the length direction of the working platform, and the moving distance is the width of a single printing breadth of the printing spray head;
s600, repeating the steps S200 to S500 in sequence until a layer of structure of the product is printed on the working platform;
s700, driving the working platform to move downwards by the lifting mechanism, wherein the moving distance is a preset printing thickness;
s800, the third linear module drives the powder spreader to move along the length direction of the working platform, the powder spreader moves from one end of the working platform to the other end, and the moving direction is opposite to the direction of the step S100;
s900, repeating the step S200 to the step S500 in sequence until another layer of structure of the product is printed on the working platform;
s1000, driving the working platform to move downwards by the lifting mechanism, wherein the moving distance is a preset printing thickness;
and S1100, repeating the steps S100 to S1000 in sequence until the whole product is printed on the working platform.
Traditional 3DP printer can only one-way shop powder and print, and shop's powder ware and printing dolly all can only be fixed ground from one side of work platform toward the another side and print, and after shop's powder ware had spread the one deck powder, print the dolly and print along the same direction again, printed the one deck after, printed the dolly and shop's powder ware and all need get back to the original point and carry out the printing of next floor again, had idle stroke, lead to printing inefficiency. According to the 3DP printing method provided by the invention, based on the 3DP printer provided by the invention, the powder spreader can realize reciprocating motion powder spreading, the first linear module and the second linear module which control the motion direction of the printing trolley are vertically arranged, and after the powder spreader and the printing trolley print a layer, the powder spreader can return along the original route and perform powder spreading and printing, so that the phenomenon of idle stroke is avoided, and the printing efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a 3DP printer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a 3DP printer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a 3DP printer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a powder spreader of the 3DP printer according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a route diagram of a 3DP printing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another route diagram of the 3DP printing method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a frame; 200. a first linear module; 300. a second linear module; 400. a third linear module; 500. a powder spreader; 510. spreading a powder mounting plate; 520. spreading a powder hopper; 530. an electric roller; 540. scraping the plate; 550. a roller-shaped scattering brush; 560. a micro vibration motor; 600. printing the trolley; 700. a working platform; 800. an electric lead screw; 900. a work box.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if words such as "a plurality" are described, the meaning is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, more than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as excluding the present number, and more than, less than, etc. are understood as including the present number.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a 3DP printer includes a frame 100, a printing mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a work platform 700.
In this embodiment, the work platform 700 is rectangular, the length direction of the work platform 700 is the Y direction, the width direction of the work platform 700 is the X direction, and the vertical direction is the Z direction, more specifically, the Y direction is the left-right direction, the X direction is the front-back direction, and the Z direction is the up-down direction.
In some embodiments, the shape of the work platform 700 may also be a square, and the left-right direction of the work platform 700 is a Y direction, the front-back direction of the work platform 700 is an X direction, and the vertical direction is a Z direction.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the printing mechanism includes a first linear motion unit, a second linear motion unit and a printing cart 600, the first linear motion unit is disposed on the frame 100, the first linear motion unit is disposed along the length direction of the working platform 700, i.e., along the Y direction, the second linear motion unit is disposed on the first linear motion unit, the second linear motion unit is disposed along the width direction of the working platform 700, i.e., along the X direction, the printing cart 600 is disposed on the second linear motion unit, the printing cart 600 is located above the working platform 700, the first linear motion unit can drive the second linear motion unit to move along the length direction of the working platform 700, and the second linear motion unit can drive the printing cart 600 to move along the width direction of the working platform 700.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first linear motion unit includes a first linear module 200, the first linear module 200 is disposed along a length direction of the working platform 700, two ends of the first linear module 200 extend along a Y direction, the first linear module 200 is disposed at a top of the rack 100, the first linear module 200 is fixedly connected, for example, bolted, to the rack 100, the number of the first linear modules 200 is two, two first linear modules 200 are respectively disposed at front and rear sides of the rack 100, the second linear motion unit includes a second linear module 300, the second linear module 300 is disposed along a width direction of the working platform 700, that is, two ends of the second linear module 300 extend along an X direction, the second linear module 300 is disposed on the first linear module 200, the entirety of the second linear module 300 is located below the first linear module 200, more specifically, the second linear module 300 is fixedly connected to a slider on the first linear module 200, for example, the front end of the second linear module 300 is connected to the first linear module 200 located at the front side, the rear end of the second linear module 300 is connected to the first linear module 200 located at the rear side, and the two first linear modules 200 are adopted to drive the second linear module 300 to move in the left-right direction, so that the movement is more stable.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the printing cart 600 is disposed on the second linear module 300, the printing cart 600 is disposed below the second linear module 300, and the printing cart 600 is disposed above the working platform 700, more specifically, the printing cart 600 is fixedly connected to the slider of the second linear module 300, for example, by bolts, the second linear module 300 can drive the printing cart 600 to move along the width direction of the working platform 700, that is, the printing cart 600 can move along the front-back direction for printing, and the position of the printing cart 600 can be changed by using the first linear module 200 and the second linear module 300, so that the printing cart 600 is more stable in the moving process, and the printing quality is better.
In some embodiments, the first linear motion unit and the second linear motion unit may also use a component capable of performing linear motion, such as an electric push rod or a linear motor.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the rack 100 is provided with a work box 900, the whole work box 900 is located in the middle of the rack 100, the work box 900 is located below the printing cart 600, the work box 900 is arranged on the rack 100 and movably connected to the rack 100, after the printing of the whole box is completed, the working box can be moved out of the 3DP printer of this embodiment by the corresponding conveying mechanism, a working chamber with an upward opening is provided in the working box 900, the working platform 700 is located in the working chamber, the lifting mechanism can drive the working platform 700 to move up and down in the working chamber, the working platform 700 can move up and down in the working chamber, since the work platform 700 is moved down one layer after printing the shape of one layer of the product, in other words, the printed one layer of the product is lowered into the work chamber, the product can keep in the working chamber all the time, can protect the product better, prevents the product damage.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the lifting mechanism includes an electric screw 800, the whole electric screw 800 is located below the working box 900, the electric screw 800 is fixedly connected to the rack 100, for example, a bolt is connected to the electric screw 800, an output end of the electric screw 800 passes through the working box 900 and then movably connected to the working platform 700 in the working cavity, for example, an electromagnet attracts the electric screw, the electric screw 800 can drive the working platform 700 to move in an up-and-down direction, the electric screw 800 is driven by a servo motor, and the servo motor is used for driving, so that the precision is higher and the stability is better.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the powder spreading mechanism includes a third linear motion unit and a powder spreader 500, the third linear motion unit is disposed on the frame 100, the third linear motion unit is disposed along the length direction of the working platform 700, that is, along the Y direction, the powder spreader 500 is disposed on the third linear motion unit, the powder spreader 500 is located above the working platform 700, and the third linear motion unit can drive the powder spreader 500 to move along the length direction of the working platform 700.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the third linear motion unit includes two third linear modules 400, two third linear modules 400 are respectively disposed at the front and rear sides of the work platform 700, more specifically, two third linear modules 400 are respectively disposed at the front and rear sides of the work box 900, both third linear modules 400 are fixedly connected to the frame 100, for example, bolted, both third linear modules 400 are disposed along the length direction of the work platform 700, that is, along the Y direction, the powder spreader 500 is based on a conventional long powder spreader 500, the whole powder spreader 500 is disposed along the width direction of the work platform 700, that is, both ends of the powder spreader 500 extend along the front and rear direction, both ends of the powder spreader 500 are respectively connected to the two third linear modules 400, that is, the front end of the powder spreader 500 is connected to the third linear module 400 located at the front side, the rear end of the powder spreader 500 is connected to the third linear module 400 located at the rear side, more specifically, the powder spreader 500 is fixedly connected to the sliding blocks of the third linear module 400, for example, bolted connection, the two third linear modules 400 can drive the powder spreader 500 to move along the length direction of the working platform 700, that is, the powder spreader 500 can move along the left-right direction, the third linear module 400 is located below the powder spreader 500, the length of the conventional powder spreader 500 is longer, so that the two third linear modules 400 are required to change the position of the powder spreader 500, the two third linear modules 400 are respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the powder spreader 500, so that the powder spreader 500 is more stable during the movement process, the powder spreading effect is better, in addition, the printing cart 600 and the powder spreader 500 are both located on the working platform 700, the third linear module 400 is located below the powder spreader 500, the first linear module 200 and the second linear module 300 are located above the printing cart 600, and the third linear module 400 does not interfere with the movement of the first linear module 200 and the second linear module 300 during the working process, the structural design is more reasonable.
As shown in fig. 4, the powder spreader 500 includes a powder spreading mounting plate 510, a powder spreading hopper 520, a motorized roller 530 and leveling assemblies, the powder spreading mounting plate 510 is fixedly connected with, for example, bolted to the slide block of the third linear module 400, the powder spreading hopper 520 is disposed on the powder spreading mounting plate 510 and is fixedly connected thereto, for example, welded or bolted to the slide block, a discharge port is disposed below the powder spreading hopper 520, the motorized roller 530 is disposed below the discharge port and above the work platform 700, the motorized roller 530 is fixedly connected, for example, bolted to the powder spreading mounting plate 510, both ends of the motorized roller 530 extend in the width direction of the work platform 700, that is, in the front-rear direction, the number of the leveling assemblies is two, two leveling assemblies are disposed on both sides of the motorized roller 530 respectively in the length direction of the work platform 700, more specifically, one leveling assembly is disposed on the left side of the motorized roller 530, the other leveling assembly is disposed on the right side of the motorized roller 530, the two scraping components are arranged above the working platform 700, and the traditional powder spreader 500 only has one component for scraping powder, namely, the powder on the working platform 700 can be scraped when the powder is spread forwards, but the traditional powder spreader 500 cannot play a role in scraping the powder when the powder moves backwards, so that the traditional powder spreader 500 can only achieve unidirectional powder spreading and cannot achieve bidirectional powder spreading.
In this embodiment, the height of the discharge port is 4 mm-12 mm, the discharge port is larger, the electric roller 530 rotates to convey the powder out, the electric roller 530 stops to convey the powder to stop, the larger discharge port enables the powder to be looser, and the printed product quality is better.
In this embodiment, the height distance between the lowest point of the electric roller 530 and the upper surface of the working platform 700 is 70mm to 150mm, so that the scattered powder can be uniformly scattered on the working platform 700, the powder spreading effect is better, and the density of the printed model is better.
As shown in fig. 4, the powder spreader 500 further includes a scattering assembly, the scattering assembly includes a roller-shaped scattering brush 550 and a scattering motor, both ends of the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 extend along the width direction of the work platform 700, i.e. along the front-rear direction, the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 is located at the side of the electric roller 530, more specifically, the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 is located at the upper right side of the electric roller 530, the scattering motor is disposed on the powder spreading mounting plate 510 and fixedly connected thereto, e.g. bolted, the output end of the scattering motor is connected to the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 to drive the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 to rotate, the rotation axis of the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 is parallel to the rotation axis of the electric roller 530, i.e. both extend along the front-rear direction, the length direction of the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 is parallel to the width direction of the work platform 700, i.e. the whole of the roller-shaped scattering brush 550 extends along the front-rear direction, the width direction that brush 550 was broken up to the cylinder form is parallel with work platform 700's length direction, more specifically, the brush 550 is broken up to the cylinder form leaves a bit space near the one end of electric roller 530 and electric roller 530's surface, can supply the powder to drop, break up the subassembly and can further break up into even powdered with the powder that the discharge gate sent out, spill work platform 700's surface again, for strickleing off the powder sand face and created better condition, be convenient for strickle off the powder on work platform 700.
As shown in fig. 4, the leveling assembly includes a leveling plate 540, the length direction of the leveling plate 540 is parallel to the width direction of the working platform 700, that is, both ends of the leveling plate 540 extend along the front-back direction, the upper end of the leveling plate 540 is fixedly connected with the powder spreading mounting plate 510, for example, bolted connection is performed, the lower end of the leveling plate 540 extends downward, the lower end of the leveling plate 540 is located above the working platform 700, a gap is left between the lower end of the leveling plate 540 and the upper surface of the working platform 700, so that powder can be spread on the working platform 700, which is convenient for leveling the powder on the working platform 700 into a thin layer, and the leveling effect is better.
The traditional scraping mode is to add an electric roller to scrape the powder, the electric roller is easy to throw the powder and scrape the powder surface, the scraping component of the invention is plate-shaped, the scraping plate 540 is in line contact with the powder surface, and the powder surface is not easy to scrape.
As shown in fig. 4, a high-frequency micro vibration motor 560 is further disposed on the scraping plate 540, so that when the scraping plate 540 scrapes off the powder, secondary kinetic energy can be applied to the powder at the same time, the powder has better fluidity, the powder spreading density is tighter, and the printed model has better density. In some embodiments, the third linear motion unit may also use a component capable of performing linear motion, such as an electric push rod or a linear motor.
In this embodiment, the first linear module 200, the second linear module 300, and the third linear module 400 are all driven by a servo-controlled motor, and the servo-controlled motor is adopted for driving, so that the accuracy is higher, and the stability is better.
In this embodiment, the width of the single printing width of the printing nozzle is one N times of the length of the working platform 700, N is greater than or equal to 2, N is a positive integer, when printing, the printing cart 600 moves along the width direction of the working platform 700, that is, the printing cart 600 moves along the front-back direction, prints one part of the printing width on the working platform 700, then the printing cart 600 moves along the length direction of the working platform 700 for a distance of one printing length, then moves along the width direction of the working platform 700, prints another part on the working platform 700, and so on, the length of the working platform 700 is N times of the single printing length, that is, the length of the working platform 700 is an integral multiple of the single printing length, for example, the length of the printing cart 600 for one printing is 2, the length of the working platform 700 is 10, each movement of the printing cart 600 can print one part on the working platform 700, not extravagant at every turn stroke of printing dolly 600 can realize printing the maximize that dolly 600 single printed the scope, improves and prints efficiency, improves the utilization ratio of printing dolly 600, and adjacent twice printing scope can not take place to overlap moreover, ensures the accuracy of printing, and product quality is better.
In this embodiment, N is an odd number, and more specifically, N is 5, that is, the printing cart 600 can print one layer of product after 5 times of printing.
In some embodiments, N may be even, for example, N is 4, i.e., the print carriage 600 can print one layer of product after 4 prints.
In some embodiments, N may be varied according to actual production needs.
In this embodiment, what print the shower nozzle adopts is the piezoelectric type shower nozzle, and the quantity of piezoelectric type shower nozzle is a plurality of, and all piezoelectric type shower nozzles distribute in the below of printing dolly 600 along left and right directions, and the quantity of piezoelectric type shower nozzle can change according to actual production needs.
In this embodiment, the 3DP printer still includes the industrial computer, the industrial computer respectively with printing mechanism, shop's powder mechanism and elevating system electric connection, adopt the work of each mechanism of industrial computer control, degree of automation is high.
In this embodiment, a layer of raw material is laid by the powder spreader 500, the printing cart 600 is used to print a layer of product shape on the working platform 700, then the lifting mechanism is used to move the working platform 700 down by one layer, then the powder spreader 500 and the printing cart 600 return according to the original path, and the raw material is continuously laid and printed in the return process, and the steps are repeated in this way, and the layer-by-layer overlapping is performed, so that the printing of the whole product is completed.
In some embodiments, after the powder spreader 500 moves the printing length of one printing cart 600, the printing cart 600 can directly print, and the powder spreader 500 and the printing cart 600 can simultaneously work, so that the printing efficiency can be further improved.
The embodiment also provides a 3DP printing method based on the 3DP printer, which includes the following steps:
s100, the third linear module 400 drives the powder spreader 500 to move along the length direction of the working platform 700, and the powder spreader 500 moves from one end of the working platform 700 to the other end;
s200, the second linear module 300 drives the printing trolley 600 to move along the width direction of the working platform 700, and the printing trolley 600 moves from one end of the working platform 700 to the other end;
s300, after the printing trolley 600 moves once along the width direction of the working platform 700, the first linear module 200 drives the second linear module 300 to move along the length direction of the working platform 700, and the moving distance is the width of the single printing breadth of the printing spray head;
s400, the second linear module 300 drives the printing trolley 600 to move along the width direction of the working platform 700, and the moving direction is opposite to the moving direction in the step S200;
s500, the first linear module 200 drives the second linear module 300 to move along the length direction of the working platform 700, and the moving distance is the width of a single printing breadth of the printing spray head;
s600, repeating the steps S200 to S500 in sequence until a layer of structure of the product is printed on the working platform 700;
s700, driving the working platform 700 to move downwards by a lifting mechanism, wherein the moving distance is a preset printing thickness;
s800, the third linear module 400 drives the powder spreader 500 to move along the length direction of the working platform 700, the powder spreader 500 moves from one end of the working platform 700 to the other end, and the moving direction is opposite to the direction of the step S100;
s900, repeating the step S200 to the step S500 in sequence until another layer of structure of the product is printed on the working platform 700;
s1000, driving the working platform 700 to move downwards by a lifting mechanism, wherein the moving distance is a preset printing thickness;
s1100, repeating the steps S100 to S1000 in sequence until a complete product is printed on the working platform 700.
Traditional 3DP printer can only one-way shop powder and print, and shop's powder ware 500 and print dolly 600 can only be fixed ground and print from one side of work platform 700 to the another side, and after shop's powder ware 500 laid the one deck powder, print dolly 600 and print along the same direction again, printed the one deck after, print dolly 600 and shop's powder ware 500 and all need get back to the original point and carry out the printing of next floor again, have idle stroke, lead to printing inefficiency. According to the 3DP printing method provided by the invention, based on the 3DP printer provided by the invention, the powder spreader 500 can realize reciprocating powder spreading, the first linear module 200 and the second linear module 300 for controlling the movement direction of the printing trolley 600 are vertically arranged, and after one layer of printing is finished, the powder spreader 500 and the printing trolley 600 can return along the original route and perform powder spreading and printing, so that the phenomenon of idle stroke is avoided, and the printing efficiency is effectively improved.
In this embodiment, when higher printing speed and efficiency are required, the number of the piezoelectric nozzles can be increased on the printing cart 600, the printing width of the printing cart 600 is widened, and the number of times of printing PASS is reduced, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the number of times of PASS can be either odd or even, and the printing efficiency is higher. Since the piezo jets are expensive and lossy components, if a lower cost is to be obtained, the number of piezo jet combinations of the printing cart 600 is reduced, the printing width of the printing cart 600 is narrowed, the number of times of printing PASS is increased, the printing speed is relatively slowed down, but a lower manufacturing and use maintenance cost can be obtained. When in design, a balance point with high cost performance can be obtained between the printing speed and the cost by increasing or decreasing the number of the piezoelectric type spray heads, so that different customer groups are met.
In this embodiment, two-axis bidirectional printing can be realized by the first linear motion unit and the second linear motion unit, that is, printing can be performed from the left side of the working platform 700 to the right side, printing can also be performed from the right side of the working platform 700 to the left side, and transmission of printing data is also bidirectionally transmitted, namely, when the printing trolley 600 prints from the left side of the working platform 700 to the right side, graphic data in the industrial personal computer is set to be transmitted from the left side to the right side, when the printing trolley 600 prints from the right side of the working platform 700 to the left side, graphic data in the industrial personal computer is designed to be transmitted from the right side to the left side correspondingly, and when the printer continuously prints, graphic data in the industrial personal computer is transmitted according to the direction required by printing.
In this embodiment, in order to realize the function of printing of two-way multistation, all be equipped with grating chi or magnetic grid chi on first linear motion unit and the second linear motion unit, can realize the accurate location of absolute coordinate, have higher positioning accuracy, guaranteed that first linear motion unit and second linear motion unit can not cause the dislocation when two-way printing.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments, and that various equivalent changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
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Country or region after: China Address after: Room 201, 2nd Floor, Office Building A, No. 40-1 Bo'ai Middle Road, Shishan Town, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province 528000 Applicant after: Zhongli Ding Additive Technology (Guangdong) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528000 workshop 1-4, No. 31, Gongye Avenue, Danzao Town, Nanhai District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province (residence declaration) Applicant before: Guangdong zhongliding Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |
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Application publication date: 20220729 |