CN114482945A

CN114482945A - System and method for realizing side-bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment

Info

Publication number: CN114482945A
Application number: CN202011173666.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马涛; 伦增珉; 吕成远; 王友启
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-10-28
Filing date: 2020-10-28
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-28
Also published as: CN114482945B

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for realizing a simulation experiment of edge-bottom water oil reservoir recovery, comprising: an injection device, which is configured to inject an injection medium into a model device; an edge-bottom water simulation device, which is configured to inject into the model device. The edge and bottom water simulation fluid required for the experiment is satisfied, and the edge and bottom water energy obtained by the model device is kept in a sufficient state; the production device is configured to collect the recovered fluid and measure the corresponding recovery data; the model device, which is respectively related to The injection device, the edge-bottom water simulation device and the production device are communicated and configured to simulate the porous medium of the reservoir. The invention can simulate the recovery situation of the oil reservoir in various displacement modes, various well types, different location conditions and different production stages.

Description

System and method for realizing side-bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, in particular to a system and a method for realizing a bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment.

Background

The bottom water oil reservoir in China has a large proportion of reserves of all types of oil reservoirs, and the reserves are quite rich. In addition to the large number of natural bottom water reservoirs, as oil fields enter two or three times of exploitation, the development characteristics of more oil fields are constantly trending toward bottom water type reservoirs. The bottom water oil reservoir has the characteristic that the oil-containing area is completely contacted with the bottom water, which is not only a place where the bottom water oil reservoir is superior to other oil reservoirs in the aspect of development, but also a place where the bottom water oil reservoir is difficult to develop.

The development experience of the bottom water oil field at home and abroad shows that: the key technology of bottom water oil layer development is to inhibit water coning or control bottom water coning, prolong the waterless oil extraction period of the oil well to the maximum extent and control bottom water uniform displacement, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the development effect of the bottom water oil layer. The prior technical measures are mainly embodied as follows: optimizing perforation and controlling critical yield and critical pressure difference, developing a bottom water oil layer by adopting a horizontal well and forming an artificial interlayer near an oil-water interface to block bottom water; in the middle and later development period, a well-packing adjustment technology, a double-layer well completion technology, an oil-water separate recovery technology and the like are adopted. With the development and wide application of the numerical reservoir simulation technology, some main factors influencing the development of the bottom water reservoir are revealed by establishing a relatively fine reservoir geological model: such as reservoir sedimentary rhythm, vertical horizontal permeability ratio, interlayer size and position, edge and bottom water energy, oil-water viscosity ratio, well spacing, oil well jet-opening degree and the like, so as to determine a more effective development strategy.

When the oil reservoir development parameters are optimized and new technologies are verified, a physical simulation experiment is not needed, and how to more closely simulate the bottom water condition of the oil reservoir is one of the keys of successful experiments. Researchers at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on the aspect of physically simulating an oil displacement device, and strive for simulation experiments which can be closer to real oil reservoir conditions. However, in the technical schemes of various existing physical simulation devices, part of the existing physical simulation devices have the problems that experimental temperature and pressure conditions cannot meet the actual requirements of oil reservoirs, and part of the existing physical simulation devices have the problems that the bottom water energy simulation is insufficient.

Therefore, there is a need in the art to provide a testing device that solves one or more of the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a system for realizing a bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment, which comprises: an injection device configured to introduce an injection medium into the mold device; the edge bottom water simulation device is configured to inject edge bottom water simulation fluid meeting the experiment requirement into the model device and enable the edge bottom water energy obtained by the model device to be kept in a sufficient state; a production device configured to collect production fluids and measure corresponding production data; the model device is respectively communicated with the injection device, the edge and bottom water simulation device and the extraction device and is configured to simulate the oil reservoir porous medium.

Preferably, the bottom water simulating device comprises: a fluid simulation unit configured to receive the bottom water simulation fluid and inject the bottom water simulation fluid into the model device under an external pressure; and the pressure control unit is configured to provide the external pressure for the bottom water simulation fluid, monitor and regulate the pressure, wherein the external pressure is the pressure required by the experiment and used for controlling the bottom water simulation fluid to keep a stable state.

Preferably, the fluid simulation unit is provided with a first container including: a first piston disposed within the cavity of the first container; a first chamber configured on a first side of the first piston and having a bottom water outlet port, the first chamber for receiving the bottom water simulating fluid; a second cavity configured on a second side of the first piston, the second cavity configured to create the external pressure with a ventilation gas contained therein.

Preferably, the fluid simulation unit is provided with a second container including: a second piston disposed within the cavity of the second container; a third cavity configured on the first side of the second piston, the third cavity configured to equalize the external pressure by injecting a pressurized fluid into the cavity; and the fourth cavity is communicated with the second cavity and is used for forming the external pressure under the matching of the circulating gas contained in the fourth cavity and the circulating gas in the second cavity, so that the bottom water energy obtained by the model device is kept in a stable state.

Preferably, the model device is constructed into a holder type model with a ring pressure applying device or a core model made of sand-filled materials, and the holder is internally provided with an experimental core.

Preferably, the model device is provided with a first interface end, a second interface end and a third interface end, wherein the first interface end is arranged at the first side end face of the core and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device when the oil displacement stage is simulated; the second interface end is arranged at the end face of the second side of the rock core and is configured to connect the model device with the production device when the oil displacement stage is simulated; and the third interface end is arranged along the axial direction of the outer surface of the experimental rock core, is connected with a side bottom water output port of the side bottom water simulation device, and is configured to connect the model device with the side bottom water simulation device when simulating an oil displacement stage.

Preferably, the model device is provided with a first interface end, a second interface end and a third interface end, wherein the first interface end is arranged at the first side end face of the core and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device and the extraction device simultaneously when a huff-puff stage or a collapse-mining stage is simulated; the second interface end is arranged at the end face of the second side of the rock core, is connected with the edge bottom water output port of the edge bottom water simulation device and is configured to connect the model device with the edge bottom water simulation device when a huff-puff stage or a failure mining stage is simulated; the third interface end is arranged along the axial direction of the outer surface of the experimental rock core, is connected with the edge bottom water output port and is configured to connect the model device with the edge bottom water simulation device when a huff-puff stage or a failure mining stage is simulated.

Preferably, the mould device is configured as a full-diameter core mould.

Preferably, the model device is provided with a fourth interface end, a fifth interface end, a sixth interface end and a seventh interface end, wherein the fourth interface end is arranged at the first end face of the core model and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device when simulating the oil displacement stage; the fifth interface end is arranged at the second end face of the core model, is connected with the edge bottom water output port of the edge bottom water simulation device and is configured to connect the model device with the edge bottom water simulation device when the oil displacement stage is simulated; the sixth interface end is arranged along the first axial direction of the outer surface of the core model and is configured to connect the model device with the production device when the oil displacement stage is simulated; the seventh interface end is arranged along the second axial direction of the outer surface of the core model and is configured to connect the model device with the production device when the oil displacement stage is simulated.

Preferably, the model device is provided with a fourth interface end, a fifth interface end, a sixth interface end and a seventh interface end, wherein the fourth interface end is arranged at the first end face of the core model and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device and the extraction device simultaneously when a huff-puff stage or a failure recovery stage is simulated; the fifth interface end is arranged at the second end face of the core model, is connected with the edge bottom water output port of the edge bottom water simulation device and is configured to connect the model device with the edge bottom water simulation device when a huff and puff stage or a failure exploitation stage is simulated; the sixth interface end is arranged along the first axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, is connected with the edge bottom water output port and is configured to connect the model device with the edge bottom water simulation device when a huff-puff stage or a failure mining stage is simulated; the seventh interface end is arranged along the second axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, connected with the edge bottom water output port and configured to connect the model device with the edge bottom water simulation device when a huff-puff stage or a failure mining stage is simulated.

Preferably, the system further comprises: and the constant-temperature oven is used for placing the model device in the experiment implementation process.

In another aspect, the present invention further provides a method for implementing a bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment, the method being implemented by using the system as described above, wherein the method includes the following steps: designing experimental parameters including, but not limited to: the side bottom water pressure, the side bottom water injection amount, the core pressure, the experimental environment temperature, the injection pressure and the recovery outlet pressure; respectively connecting the injection device, the edge-bottom water simulation device and the extraction device with the model device to complete system installation; initializing the experimental parameters, and injecting edge bottom water simulation fluid meeting the requirement of the experiment into the model device by using the edge bottom water simulation device so as to ensure that the edge bottom water energy obtained by the model device is kept in a sufficient state; introducing an injection medium into the model device by the injection device, and starting an experiment; the production device is used to collect the production fluid and measure corresponding production data.

Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments in the above scheme can have the following advantages or beneficial effects:

the invention discloses a system and a method for realizing a side-bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment, in particular to a physical simulation experiment device aiming at the technology of improving the recovery ratio of a bottom water reservoir and a side water reservoir. The invention can simulate various displacement modes such as water flooding, chemical flooding and the like by introducing the edge and bottom water simulation device; can simulate various well types such as a vertical well, a horizontal well and the like; the production conditions of bottom water and side water under different position conditions can be simulated; the simulation system can simulate displacement and huff and puff and can also simulate the attenuation development experiment by utilizing the natural energy of the edge water and the bottom water, thereby providing reference and guidance for oil field development and application of new technology.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model in which a model device is a gripper type or a sand pack type in a system for implementing an edge-bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic model diagram of a full-diameter core model as a model device in a system for realizing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom water simulation device in a system for implementing a bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system corresponding to the system for implementing the bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to the embodiment of the present application when the first-type model is applied to oil displacement simulation.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system corresponding to the system for implementing the bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to the embodiment of the present application, when a second-type model is applied to oil displacement simulation.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a first-type model is applied to simulation of stimulation or depletion of production.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a second type of model is applied to simulation of stimulation or depletion.

Fig. 9 is a step diagram of a method for implementing a bottom-of-edge reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.

When the oil reservoir development parameters are optimized and new technologies are verified, physical simulation experiments are not required, and the fact that how to more closely simulate the bottom water conditions of the oil reservoir is one of the keys of successful experiments. Researchers at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on the aspect of physically simulating an oil displacement device, and strive for simulation experiments which can be closer to real oil reservoir conditions. However, in the technical schemes of the existing various physical simulation devices, part of the problems that the experimental temperature and pressure conditions cannot meet the actual requirements of the oil reservoir exist, and part of the problems that the simulation of bottom water energy is insufficient exist.

Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system and a method for implementing a bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment. The system and the method comprise the following steps: the device comprises an injection device, a side and bottom water simulation device, a production device and a model device. The model device is respectively communicated with other devices in the system and is used for simulating porous media at corresponding positions in the oil reservoir; the injection device is used for introducing an injection medium into the model device in the experiment implementation process so as to simulate the oil displacement process in the oil reservoir porous medium; the edge bottom water simulation device is used for injecting edge bottom water simulation fluid meeting the experiment requirement into the model device and keeping the edge bottom water energy obtained by the model device in a sufficient state; the production device is used to collect the production fluid and measure the corresponding production data. Therefore, the invention can simulate the actual recovery condition of the side-bottom water reservoir accurately under the conditions of the side-bottom water existence, high temperature and high pressure through the technical scheme.

In addition, the invention achieves the effects of filling fluid for displacement of reservoir oil, filling fluid for huff and puff, and developing a plurality of different forms for simulation by using the bottom water energy attenuation by configuring different connection modes for each device in the system. Furthermore, the invention simulates various well types such as a vertical well, a horizontal well and the like and edge bottom water reservoirs at different position conditions by configuring different structural characteristics for the model device.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, an overall structure of a system (hereinafter, referred to as an "experimental system") for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the experimental system at least includes: the injection device 100, the edge bottom water simulation device 200, the model device 300 and the extraction device 400. The model device 300 is used for simulating a porous core medium in the bottom water reservoir, so that simulation of a rock medium in the bottom water reservoir is realized. An experimental core is constructed in the model device 300, and the experimental core can be a core sample at different positions in the bottom-edge water reservoir and has rock characteristics at corresponding positions. Therefore, the production conditions of the bottom water reservoir under different position conditions can be simulated by configuring the experimental rock cores representing the rock characteristics of different positions in the bottom water reservoir.

The model device 300 is communicated with other devices in the system, namely, the model device 300 is communicated with the injection device 100, the model device 300 is communicated with the bottom water simulation device 200, and the model device 300 is communicated with the extraction device 400.

Further, the injection device 100 is used to inject an injection medium into the model device 300 during the (bottom water reservoir recovery) experiment. These injection media include, but are not limited to: clean water, oilfield reinjection water, polymer solution, alkali liquor, surfactant solution, composite flooding solution and CO₂、N₂Air, flue gas, natural gas, etc. These fluid media are primarily used to drive the crude oil in the reservoir porous media. Specifically, the injection device 100 includes at least: a reservoir (101, not shown), an injection pump (102, not shown) and an injection pressure monitoring unit (103, not shown). The reservoir 101 is used to store an injection medium. The injection pump 102 is used to pump the injection medium required for the experiment into the model device 300. An injection pressure monitoring unit (103, not shown) is disposed at the connection interface between the injection device 100 and the mold device 300 for real-time monitoring of the injection end pressure of the system. In the embodiment of the invention, the injection pump 102 is selected from one of common fluid injection devices such as a plunger pump, a constant flow pump and the like, the displacement of the pump can be between 1mL/min and 200mL/min, and the displacement is as large as possible.

Further, the production device 400 is used to collect the recovery fluid from the model device 300 and measure the corresponding recovery data during the (bottom water reservoir recovery) experiment. In an embodiment of the invention, recovery device 400 includes at least: a back pressure device 401 (not shown), an oil-gas-water separation device 402 (not shown), a production pressure monitoring unit 403 (not shown), and a metering unit 404 (not shown) provided at different positions. A back pressure device 401 is provided at the interface where the recovery device 400 and the model device 300 are connected to regulate the outlet pressure of the system. The oil, gas and water separation device 402 is used to perform oil, water and gas separation on the recovered fluid. The recovery pressure monitoring unit 403 is disposed at the connection interface between the recovery device 400 and the model device 300, and is used for monitoring the outlet pressure of the system in real time. In an embodiment of the present invention, the metering unit 404 may be disposed at different locations within the recovery device 400 for measuring the recovered crude oil flow, water flow, gas flow, and the like. Recovery device 400 is used, among other things, to obtain in real time recovery data related to the recovery of the bottom water reservoir, including but not limited to: the total production amount, gas-liquid ratio, oil production, water production, gas production and the like of the recovered fluid.

Further, the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 is used to inject bottom water simulation fluid required for the experiment into the model apparatus 300 during the experiment (bottom water reservoir recovery), so that the model apparatus 300 can obtain sufficient and stable bottom water energy and maintain the energy in a continuous sufficient state. In the embodiment of the present invention, the edge bottom water simulation apparatus 200 needs to inject the edge bottom water simulation fluid meeting the experimental design requirement into the model apparatus 300 during the experiment implementation process, and the system starts to simulate the displacement or throughput or attenuation mining of the edge bottom water reservoir under the condition that the edge bottom water pressure (external pressure) and the edge bottom water injection amount meet the actual design requirement.

Thus, the present invention utilizes the bottom water simulator 200 to simulate the recovery of an oil reservoir in the presence of bottom water by providing stable bottom water energy to the model device.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom water simulation device in a system for implementing a bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application. The structure of the bottom water simulator 200 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 and 4. As shown in fig. 1, the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 includes: a fluid simulation unit 210 and a pressure control unit 220. The fluid simulation unit 210 is configured to receive the edge-bottom water simulation fluid, and inject the edge-bottom water simulation fluid into the model apparatus 300 under the external pressure, so as to provide sufficient edge-bottom water energy for the simulation experiment. The edge bottom water simulation fluid is used to simulate the actual edge bottom water fluid within the edge bottom water reservoir. The pressure control unit 220 is used to provide a stable external pressure to the bottom water simulation fluid (i.e., to perform pressurization and adjustment operations on the bottom water simulation fluid in the fluid simulation unit 210 using the external pressure), and to perform monitoring and adjustment of the external pressure. Wherein, the external pressure is the pressure (the designed edge bottom water pressure required by the experiment) required by the current edge bottom water oil reservoir recovery simulation experiment and used for controlling the edge bottom water simulation fluid to keep a sufficient state. Thus, embodiments of the present invention utilize the edge-bottom water simulator 200 to provide stable edge-bottom water energy conditions for the model device 300. It should be noted that "stabilization" herein has two levels: one is persistence in the time dimension, so that the simulation device 300 can continuously obtain the edge bottom water energy from the edge bottom water simulation device 200 in the experiment implementation process; the second is the sufficiency in the energy amplitude dimension, so that in the experiment implementation process, the simulation device 300 can also obtain enough edge bottom water fluid from the edge bottom water simulation device 200 to accurately simulate the actual edge bottom water condition in the oil reservoir.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the fluid simulation unit 210 includes at least: a first container 211. The first container 211 is a high-pressure container. The pressure resistance of the first vessel 211 is determined according to the actual reservoir pressure, and is preferably 35 to 100 MPa. Under the normal condition, the pressure is only 35MPa, but when a special oil reservoir is met, a container with the pressure of 70MPa needs to be selected, and even the pressure can reach 100MPa at most. Wherein the first container 211 includes: a first piston 2111, a first chamber 2112, and a second chamber 2113. The first piston 2111 is disposed in the cavity of the first container 211, dividing the entire cavity inside the first container 211 into two cavity spaces. In the embodiment of the present invention, the position of the first container 211 where the first piston 2111 is located is determined according to the size of the experimental core in the model device 300. That is, the cavity space ratio between the first cavity 2112 and the second cavity 2113 formed by the first piston 2111 is determined according to the size of the experimental core in the model apparatus 300.

A first cavity 2112 is configured at a first side of the first container interior cavity. The first chamber 2112 is provided with a bottom water outlet. The bottom water outlet port serves as an outlet port of the first container 211 for connecting the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 and the model apparatus 300. The first cavity 2112 is used to contain the bottomside water-simulating fluid. Additionally, a second cavity 2113 is configured on a second side of the first container interior cavity. The second chamber 2113 is provided with a flow-through gas input port. The ventilation gas inlet port serves as an inlet port of the first container 211 for connecting the fluid simulating unit 210 and the pressure control unit 220 in the bottom water simulating assembly 200. The second chamber 2113 is used to contain the ventilation gas and to create a preliminary external pressure using the ventilation gas contained therein. It should be noted that the preliminary external pressure here is a certain amount of pressure provided to the first cavity 2112, and the cooperation of the pressure control unit 220 is required to form a more stable external pressure.

Further, the fluid simulation unit 210 further includes: a valve 212 provided at an inlet end of the first container 211 (provided between the ventilation gas input port and the pressure control unit 220), and a valve 213 provided at an outlet end of the first container 211 (provided between the bottom water output port and the mold apparatus 300) are used to open and/or close the fluid communication at the corresponding positions, respectively. In addition, the fluid simulation unit 210 further includes: a bottom water pressure monitoring unit 214 (not shown) is disposed at the bottom water outlet of the first container 211, and is used for monitoring the bottom water pressure (i.e., the external pressure) in real time.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 4, the pressure control unit 220 is provided with at least: a second container 221. The second vessel 221 is a high-pressure vessel. The pressure resistance of the second vessel 221 is determined according to the actual reservoir pressure, and is preferably 35 to 100 MPa. Under the normal condition, the pressure is only 35MPa, but when a special oil reservoir is met, a container with the pressure of 70MPa needs to be selected, and even the pressure can reach 100MPa at most. Wherein the second container 221 includes: a second piston 2211, a third cavity 2212, and a fourth cavity 2213. The second piston 2211 is disposed in the cavity of the second container 221, and divides the entire cavity inside the second container 221 into two cavity spaces. A third cavity 2212 is configured at a first side of the interior cavity of the second container 221. Third cavity 2212 is provided with a pressurized inlet. The pressurized inlet is used as an inlet end of the second container 221, and is used for forming a loading pressure with a certain intensity in the third cavity 2212 after the pressurized fluid is introduced into the third cavity 2212 by using a below-mentioned pressurization pump, so as to balance the external pressure formed by the second cavity 2113 and the third cavity 2212 together. In order to better form the external pressure with sufficient strength, the second piston 2211 needs to be disposed at the top position of the second container 221 at the time of the initial configuration of the experiment (before the pressurized fluid is introduced). The third cavity 2212 is used for containing a pressurized fluid, and external pressure is balanced by injecting the pressurized fluid into the cavity, so that the adjustment and control of the external pressure are realized.

In addition, a fourth cavity 2213 is configured at a second side of the inner cavity of the second container 221. The fourth cavity 2213 is provided with a ventilation gas outlet. The ventilation gas outlet is used as an outlet of the second container 221, and is connected to the ventilation gas inlet through a U-shaped pipe, so that the fluid simulation unit 210 (the first container 211) and the pressure control unit 220 (the second container 221) in the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 are in a state of being communicated with each other. The fourth cavity 2213 is used for containing the ventilation gas, and under the coordination of the ventilation gas contained in the third cavity 2212 and the ventilation gas in the second cavity 2113, an external pressure is formed, so that the bottom water energy obtained by the model device 300 is kept in a stable state.

Further, the pressure control unit 220 further includes: a valve 222 provided at the inlet end of the second container 221 (provided between the flow-through gas output port and the flow-through gas input port), and a valve 223 provided at the outlet end of the second container 221 (provided between the pressurized inlet and a pressurizing pump described below) for opening and/or closing and/or opening control of the fluid communication at the respective positions. In addition, a valve 224 is provided in the middle of the U-shaped tube to control the opening or release of the fluid. Further, the pressure control unit 220 further includes: a booster pump 225 and a reservoir 226 (not shown). Reservoir 226 is used to store pressurized fluid. The pressurizing pump 225 is used to pump the pressurizing fluid required for the experiment into the third cavity 2212, and the magnitude of the external pressure is regulated and controlled.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the bottom water simulator 200 mainly comprises: A. b, two high-pressure containers with pistons and a pressurizing pump. The high-pressure container A sequentially comprises a space a for containing the edge bottom water simulation fluid, a piston b and a space c for containing circulating gas from top to bottom. The bottom water simulating fluid contained in the space a is selected from: the stratum produces one of water, simulated salt water and the like and is used for simulating fluid of side water and bottom water in the side-bottom water reservoir. The gas to be circulated in the space c is a hardly liquefied gas, preferably one or more of nitrogen, air, and the like (although carbon dioxide is not recommended). The circulating gas is used for continuously and stably keeping the sufficient energy of the bottom water, and can provide the bottom water energy of 70MPa and 150 ℃.

The high-pressure container B is similar to the high-pressure container A in composition, and the high-pressure container B is provided with a space d for containing pressurized fluid, a piston e and a space f for containing circulating gas from top to bottom in sequence. The space f for containing gas is communicated with the space c of the high-pressure container A through a pipeline, and the circulating gas contained in the space f is consistent with the space c and is used for keeping the balance of the bottom water energy. The pressurized fluid contained in the space d is preferably one or more of distilled water, deionized water and the like, and the space d is connected with a pressurizing pump and used for controlling the stability of the simulated edge bottom water pressure in real time.

In the using process of the system, the position of the piston b in the high-pressure container A is controlled according to the size of the experimental core in the model device 300, so that the energy of edge water and bottom water meeting the experimental requirements can be provided for the model in the experimental process. The piston e in the high-pressure container B is placed at the top of the high-pressure container B, and the circulating gas is pumped into the corresponding spaces of the two high-pressure containers through the valves 212, 224 and 223 in the open state by a booster pump (not shown) until the real-time monitored bottom water (dynamic) pressure reaches the bottom water pressure (external pressure) required by the experimental design, and the valve 224 is closed. In the experimental process, if the pressure of the bottom water (dynamic) is reduced too fast, the stability of the pressure of the bottom water is kept in real time by injecting a pressurized fluid. When the process of huff and puff mining or exhaustion energy mining is simulated, according to the speed required by pressure attenuation, the process is realized by discharging partial gas in the space c and the space f; if the pressure needs to be increased, pressurization is carried out by injecting a pressurized fluid.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the capacities of the high pressure vessel a (the first vessel 211) and the high pressure vessel B (the second vessel 221) are set according to the size of the assay core in the model device 300, and are selected from one of 250mL, 500mL, 1000mL, 2000mL, 5000mL, and 10000 mL.

In order to enable the experimental system provided by the invention to simulate the production condition of the bottom water reservoir under the condition of high temperature, in the embodiment of the invention, the experimental system further comprises: and (5) a constant temperature oven 500. The constant temperature oven 500 is used to place the model device 300 during the experiment implementation process, so as to simulate the actual temperature environment of the bottom water reservoir by using the stable temperature condition provided by the constant temperature oven 500.

In order to enable the experimental system of the present invention to be applicable to various occasions such as different well types, and/or different reservoir location conditions, and/or different mining stages, different types of experimental core samples and installation manners need to be configured for the model device 300, and/or different combination connection manners between the model device 300 and other devices in the system need to be configured.

Further, the model arrangement 300 is configured as a first type model. The first model is a holder model with an annular pressure applying device, and an experimental core (containing lithology characteristic information of rocks at corresponding positions of the bottom-water reservoir) is arranged in the holder; or the first type of model is a core model made of a sand-packed material. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model in which a model device is a gripper type or a sand pack type in a system for implementing an edge-bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application. The first type of model is a holder type model (shown in figure 2) which is applied to natural cores, artificial cores and the like and needs to apply ring pressure. The model utilizes a rock core holder to fix an experimental rock core. Wherein the length range of the experimental rock core is 5-100 cm. Further, the length of the experimental core is selected from one of 10cm, 30cm, 70cm and 100 cm. Further, core holders having a length of 10cm and 30cm are most commonly used.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the cross section (end face) of the experimental core held by the core holder is not specifically limited, and may be any one of a square, a rectangle, a circle, a triangle, and the like. In addition, the experimental core can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, and the length and the size can be adjusted.

Further, the first type of model may also be configured as an experimental core model made with a sand-packed material. Wherein the sand filling material is selected from one of quartz sand, river sand, oil sand and the like. The length range of the experimental rock core of the model is 5-100 cm. The length of the experimental core is selected from one of 10cm, 30cm, 70cm and 100 cm. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the cross section (end face) of the core model is not particularly limited, and may be any one of a square, a rectangle, a circle, a triangle, and the like, and the size of the cross sectional area is adjustable. The cross-sectional shape of the core model is preferably circular. More specifically, when the shape of the interface is circular, the cross-sectional diameter is selected from one of 1 inch (or 2.5cm) and 1.5 inches (or 3.75 cm). In addition, the second type of model has a pressure bearing capacity of 70MPa and a temperature resistance of 150 ℃.

Further, no matter the first type of model is a holder type or a sand-packed type model, a plurality of edge-bottom water connection interfaces are provided in any axial direction (third axial direction) of the outer surface of the experimental core, and are used for being connected with the edge-bottom water simulation device 200. Meanwhile, a ring pressure access point is also arranged on the experimental core. The number of the edge bottom water connecting interfaces is set according to the length of the experimental rock core. In a specific example, the edge bottom water connecting interface has 1 ~ 3 to be equipped with 1 ring pressure access point, if: setting 1-2 edge-bottom water connecting interfaces if the length of the experimental core is 30 cm; and 3 edge bottom water connecting interfaces are arranged when the length of the experimental core is 100 cm.

It should be noted that, in the actual application process, after the configuration of the edge-bottom water connection interface is completed, according to the position of the target layer to be simulated in the current simulation experiment, one or a part or all of the edge-bottom water connection interfaces meeting the position condition of the current target layer are selected from all configured edge-bottom water connection interfaces as the actual edge-bottom water device connection interfaces matched with the position condition of the target layer in the current simulation experiment, so that the selected actual edge-bottom water device connection interfaces are used to connect the edge-bottom water simulation device 200 with the model device 300, and other unselected interfaces are plugged. For example: referring to fig. 2, the interface at the middle position is selected to be connected with the bottom water simulating device 200, and the leftmost and rightmost interfaces are plugged so as to simulate the production condition at the middle position of the shaft; the rightmost interface is selected to connect with the bottom water simulator 200 and the interfaces at the leftmost and intermediate locations are plugged to simulate production at the bottom of the wellbore, and so on. Thus, the invention can simulate the production conditions under the conditions of edge water and bottom water at different positions.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, whether the first type of model is a holder type or a sand-packed type model, a plurality of pressure measurement points are provided in any axial direction (a fourth axial direction, preferably, the third axial direction is opposite to the fourth axial direction) in the outer surface of the experimental core, so as to monitor the pressure state of the core. The number of the pressure measuring points is the same as that of the edge bottom water connecting interfaces, and the pressure measuring points are set according to the length of the experimental rock core. In one specific example, the number of pressure measurement points is 1-3, such as: setting 1-2 pressure measuring points when the length of the experimental rock core is 30 cm; and 3 pressure measuring points are set when the length of the experimental core is 100 cm.

It should be noted that, if the model device 300 is a first type model and the first type model is placed horizontally, vertically or obliquely, in the experiment implementation process, the production conditions of different well types such as a horizontal well, a vertical well or a slant well and/or bottom water reservoirs at different wellbore positions can be simulated, so that different scenes can be simulated by using the combined configuration configured with the first type model and the model placement manner thereof.

Further, the model arrangement 300 may also be configured as a second type of model. Fig. 3 is a schematic model diagram of a full-diameter core model as a model device in a system for realizing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application. The second type of model includes: full-diameter radial flow core models (as shown in fig. 3), and flat plate models of various sizes and shapes.

It should be noted that, for the experimental system using the first type of model, the simulation is mainly performed on the bottom water reservoir recovery condition under the horizontal well condition, and the process of horizontal displacement of the vertical well can also be simulated; for experimental systems using the second type of model described above, the vertical well radial flow displacement process is mainly simulated.

In order to make the experimental system of the present invention suitable for different mining stages, it is necessary to configure the model device 300 and other devices in the system in different connection modes.

First, when the model device 300 is configured as the first type model, the different model interface arrangements and the connections with other devices in the system will be described. When the mold apparatus 300 is configured as a first type of mold, the mold apparatus 300 has three interface ends, including: a first interface end, a second interface end, and a third interface end.

First example

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a first-type model is applied to perform reservoir displacement simulation. The following describes the configuration of the interfaces of the model device used in the displacement phase and the connection between the model device and other devices in the system, with reference to fig. 5.

As shown in fig. 5, a first interface end is disposed at a first end face of the experimental core (in a preferred embodiment, the first interface end is disposed at a center of the first end face of the experimental core), and the first interface end is configured to connect the model apparatus 300 and the injection apparatus 100 to serve as an interface for connecting with the injection apparatus 100 when the system simulates a flooding phase. The second interface end is disposed at the second end face of the experimental core (in a preferred embodiment, the second interface end is disposed at a central position of the second end face of the experimental core), and the second interface end is configured to connect the model device 300 and the production device 400 as an interface for connecting the production device 400 when the system simulates the oil flooding stage. The third interface end (formed by the plurality of edge bottom water connecting interfaces) is arranged along the axial direction (the third axial direction) of the outer surface of the experimental core, and the third interface end is connected with the edge bottom water output port of the edge bottom water simulation device 200. The third interface is used to connect the model device 300 with the edge-bottom water simulation device 200 when the system simulates the flooding phase, so as to serve as an interface for connecting with the edge-bottom water simulation device 200.

In this way, in the present first example, in the model device 300, the simulation of the bottom water reservoir recovery situation in the displacement scene by using the gripper-type model or the sand-pack-type core model is realized by using the connection manner in which the injection device 100, the extraction device 400 and the bottom water simulation device 200 are respectively provided with the independent interface ends.

Second example

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a first-type model is applied to simulation of stimulation or depletion of production. The following description will be made with reference to fig. 7, with respect to the configuration of the interface of the model device applied to the stage of throughput or exhaustion of mining, and the connection between the model device and other devices in the system. In the practical application process, when the edge-bottom water reservoir is in the handling or exhaustion stage, the reservoir is intersected with the displacement stage and has higher edge-bottom water energy, and at this time, a specified connection mode needs to be configured for the edge-bottom water simulation apparatus 200 and the model apparatus 300 to adapt to different recovery stage scenes.

As shown in fig. 7, a first interface end is disposed at a first end face of the experimental core (in a preferred embodiment, the first interface end is disposed at a center position of the first end face of the experimental core), and the first interface end is used for connecting the model device 300 with the injection device 100 and the production device 400 simultaneously when the system simulates a throughput phase or a failure production phase, so that the injection device 100 and the production device 400 share the same interface end, and the first interface end is used as a common connection interface of the injection device 100 and the production device 400. The second interface end is disposed at the second end face of the experimental core (in a preferred embodiment, the second interface end is disposed at a central position of the second end face of the experimental core), and the second interface end is connected to the edge-bottom water output port of the edge-bottom water simulation apparatus 200. The second interface port is used to connect the model apparatus 300 to the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 as one of the connection interfaces to the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 when the system is simulating a stimulation period of either a stimulation period or a depletion period. And a third interface end (formed by the plurality of edge bottom water connecting interfaces) is arranged along the axial direction (the third axial direction) of the outer surface of the current experimental core, and is also connected with the edge bottom water output port. The third interface port is used to connect the model apparatus 300 with the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 as another connection interface with the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 when the system is simulating a huff and puff phase or a starved production phase.

Thus, in the second example, the connection mode of configuring the injection device 100 and the extraction device 400 with a common interface end and configuring the edge-bottom water simulation device 200 with at least two interface ends is used to simulate the edge-bottom water reservoir recovery situation in the huff-and-puff or failure mining scene by using the gripper-type model or the sand-packed type core model.

Next, when the model device 300 is configured as the second type model, the different model interface arrangements and the connections to other devices in the system will be described. When the mold apparatus 300 is configured as a second type of mold, the mold apparatus 300 has four interface ends, including: a fourth interface end, a fifth interface end, a sixth interface end, and a seventh interface end.

Third example

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system corresponding to the system for implementing the bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to the embodiment of the present application, when a second-type model is applied to oil displacement simulation. The following describes the configuration of the interfaces of the model device used in the displacement phase and the connection between the model device and other devices in the system, with reference to fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 6, a fourth interface end is disposed at the first end face of the core model (in a preferred embodiment, the fourth interface end is disposed at a center position of the first end face of the experimental core), and the fourth interface end is used to connect the model apparatus 300 and the injection apparatus 100 as an interface for connecting with the injection apparatus 100 when the system simulates a flooding phase. The fifth interface end is arranged at the second end face of the core model (in a preferred embodiment, the fifth interface end is arranged at the central position of the second end face of the experimental core), and the fifth interface end is connected with the edge-bottom water output port of the edge-bottom water simulation device 200. The fifth interface is used to connect the model device 300 with the edge-bottom water simulation device 200 when the system simulates the oil displacement stage, so as to serve as an interface for connecting with the edge-bottom water simulation device 200. The sixth interface end is arranged along the first axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, and is used for connecting the model device 300 with the production device 400 when the system simulates the oil displacement stage, so as to serve as one of the connection interfaces for connecting with the production device 400. The seventh interface end is arranged along the second axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, and is used for connecting the model device 300 with the production device 400 when the system simulates the oil displacement stage, so as to serve as another connection interface connected with the production device 400.

In this way, in the present third example, in the model apparatus 300, the injection apparatus 100 and the extraction apparatus 400 are respectively configured with independent interface ends, and the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 is configured with a connection manner of at least two interface ends, so that the bottom water reservoir recovery condition under the displacement scene is simulated by using the full-diameter core model.

Fourth example

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for implementing a bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application, in which a second type of model is applied to simulation of stimulation or depletion. Next, the configuration of the model device interface applied to the throughput or exhaustion stage and the connection between the model device and other devices in the system will be described with reference to fig. 8. In the practical application process, when the edge-bottom water reservoir is in the handling or exhaustion stage, the reservoir is intersected with the displacement stage and has higher edge-bottom water energy, and at this time, a specified connection mode needs to be configured for the edge-bottom water simulation apparatus 200 and the model apparatus 300 to adapt to different recovery stage scenes.

As shown in fig. 8, a fourth interface end is disposed at the first end face of the core model (in a preferred embodiment, the fourth interface end is disposed at a center position of the first end face of the experimental core), and the fourth interface end is used for connecting the model device 300 with the injection device 100 and the production device 400 simultaneously when the system simulates a throughput phase or a failure production phase, so that the injection device 100 and the production device 400 share the same interface end, and the fourth interface end is used as a common connection interface of the injection device 100 and the production device 400. The fifth interface end is arranged at the second end face of the core model (in a preferred embodiment, the fifth interface end is arranged at the center of the second end face of the experimental core), and the fifth interface end is connected with the edge-bottom water output port of the edge-bottom water simulation device 200. The fifth interface is used to connect the model apparatus 300 with the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 as a first connection interface to the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 when the system is simulating a stimulation of a stimulation phase of either a stimulation phase or a depletion phase. The sixth interface end is arranged along the axial direction (the first axial direction) of the outer surface of the current core model, and is also connected with the edge bottom water output port. The sixth interface is used to connect the model apparatus 300 with the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 as a second connection interface to the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 when the system is simulating a stimulation period of either a stimulation period or a depletion period. The seventh interface end is arranged along the axial direction (second axial direction) of the outer surface of the current core model, and the seventh interface end is also connected with the edge bottom water output port. The seventh interface is used to connect the model apparatus 300 with the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 as a third connection interface to the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 when the system is simulating a stimulation period of a stimulation.

In this way, in the present fourth example, in the model apparatus 300, the simulation of the bottom water reservoir recovery situation in the huff and puff or failure mining scenario by using the full-diameter core model is implemented by using a connection manner in which the injection apparatus 100 and the production apparatus 400 are configured with a common connection interface end and the bottom water simulation apparatus 200 is configured with at least three interface ends.

In summary, the experimental system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can simulate various displacement modes such as water flooding, chemical flooding and the like by introducing the edge-bottom water simulation device; and/or various well types such as a vertical well, a horizontal well and the like can be simulated; and/or can simulate the production conditions under the conditions of bottom water and side water (different positions); and/or the displacement, the huff and puff and the attenuation development stage of utilizing the natural energy of the edge water and the bottom water can be simulated, so that the experimental device for simulating the enhanced oil recovery technology, which can be suitable for various different edge water and bottom water reservoir conditions, is provided.

On the other hand, based on the experimental system, the invention also provides a method (hereinafter referred to as an experimental method) for realizing the simulation experiment of the bottom-edge water reservoir recovery, which is realized by utilizing the experimental system and is suitable for the simulation experiment of the recovery conditions of various bottom-edge water reservoirs under different conditions. Fig. 9 is a step diagram of a method for implementing a bottom-of-edge reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, step S910 designs corresponding experimental parameters for the current experiment according to the bottom water reservoir conditions of the current recovery simulation experiment. Wherein, the experimental parameters include but are not limited to: edge bottom water pressure, edge bottom water injection volume, core pressure, experimental environment temperature, injection pressure (monitored by an injection pressure monitoring unit), and recovery outlet pressure. After the experiment design is completed, the process proceeds to step S920.

Step S920 connects the injection apparatus 100, the edge-bottom water simulation apparatus 200, and the extraction apparatus 400 to the model apparatus 300, respectively, thereby completing the system installation. In step S920, the model type (including the type of the experimental core), the interface end configuration, and the connection method between the model apparatus 300 and other apparatuses need to be determined, and then, the installation and connection of the components are completed, so that the process proceeds to step S930.

Step S930 is to initialize the experimental parameters designed in step S910, and inject the edge-bottom water simulation fluid required by the experiment into the model device 300 by using the edge-bottom water simulation apparatus 200, so that the edge-bottom water energy obtained by the model device 300 can be kept in a sufficient state. In step S930, firstly, performing a gas permeability test on the model device 300, performing vacuum saturation and saturated oil treatment, and then placing the model device 300 in the constant temperature oven 500; then, the first piston 2111 needs to be adjusted to a corresponding position in the first container 211 according to the volume of the experimental core in the model device 300; then, the second piston 2211 is placed at the top position of the second container 221; pumping corresponding fluid or gas into the first cavity, the second cavity and the fourth cavity until the external pressure reaches the edge bottom water pressure in the experimental parameters; finally, the back pressure of the extraction device 400 is adjusted, and the real-time edge bottom water pressure is further adjusted by means of introducing pressurized fluid, so that various data in the experimental parameters are controlled to reach corresponding numerical values. In this way, the initialization configuration process for the current simulation experiment is completed, and the process proceeds to step S940. It should be noted that, the present invention does not specifically limit the sequence of each step in step S930, and those skilled in the art can perform an initialization configuration of an experiment according to actual requirements.

In step S940, the injection device 100 injects an injection medium into the model device 300, a displacement or huff and puff or exhaustion stage mining condition simulation experiment is started, and in step S950, the recovery device 400 is used to collect the recovery fluid, and the recovery data at the corresponding time is measured and recorded in real time. In the experiment implementation process, the pressure, temperature, flow and other data of different positions of the system are monitored in real time, and the edge bottom water pressure, core pressure and other data are adjusted in time.

The following describes the flow involved in the simulation experiments for different edge-bottom water reservoir conditions.

First example

When the system implements a simulation experiment of the recovery condition in the oil displacement stage, the first type of model is applied, referring to fig. 5, and the specific operation flow is as follows:

(1) relevant experimental parameters were designed for the current simulation experiment.

(2) Installing a system: and determining the type corresponding to the model device 300, placing the model device horizontally or vertically or obliquely, and connecting the edge bottom water simulation device with the model device through a six-way valve.

(3) Initialization configuration: carrying out gas permeability measurement on the clamp holder type model or the sand filling type model, vacuumizing saturated water and saturated oil, and putting the saturated water and the saturated oil into an oven; selecting a high-pressure container A and a high-pressure container B with proper volumes according to the total amount of edge bottom water required by the experimental rock core, and placing a piston B at a proper position of the high-pressure container A; a piston e in the high-pressure container B is arranged at the top of the high-pressure container B, and circulating gas is pumped into the two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; the edge bottom water simulation device is connected with the model device, and the model device is respectively connected with the injection device and the extraction device, so that the back pressure of the extraction device is adjusted, and the edge bottom water pressure is adjusted by injecting pressurized fluid.

(4) A displacement phase production simulation experiment was started.

(5) Collecting and recording collected data.

Second example

When the system implements a simulation experiment of the recovery condition in the oil displacement stage, a second type of model is applied, referring to fig. 6, and the specific operation flow is as follows:

(2) Installing a system: determine the type of model device 300, etc.

(3) Initialization configuration: carrying out gas permeability measurement on the full-diameter core radial flow model, vacuumizing saturated water and saturated oil, and putting the saturated water and the saturated oil into an oven; selecting a high-pressure container A and a high-pressure container B with proper volumes according to the total amount of edge bottom water required by the experimental rock core, and placing a piston B at a proper position of the high-pressure container A; a piston e in the high-pressure container B is arranged at the top of the high-pressure container B, and circulating gas is pumped into the two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; connecting the bottom water simulation device with the model device, simultaneously connecting the model device with the injection device, then selecting partial interfaces to be connected with the extraction device and sealing other interfaces connected with the extraction device by dead plugs according to the current simulation experiment requirements; regulating the back pressure of the extraction device and regulating the pressure of the bottom water by injecting pressurized fluid.

(4) A displacement phase production simulation experiment was started.

(5) Collecting and recording collected data.

Third example

When the system implements a simulation experiment of the recovery condition in the handling stage, the first type of model is applied, and with reference to fig. 7, the specific operation flow is as follows:

(2) Installing a system: determining the type corresponding to the model device, horizontally or vertically or obliquely placing the model device, and connecting the edge bottom water simulation device with the model device through the six-way valve.

(3) Initialization configuration: carrying out gas permeability measurement on a clamp holder model or a sand filling model, vacuumizing saturated water and saturated oil, and putting into an oven; selecting a high-pressure container A and a high-pressure container B with proper volumes according to the total amount of edge bottom water required by the experimental rock core, and placing a piston B at a proper position of the high-pressure container A; a piston e in the high-pressure container B is arranged at the top of the high-pressure container B, and circulating gas is pumped into the two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; the edge bottom water simulation device is connected with the model device, and the model device is respectively connected with the injection device and the extraction device, so that the back pressure of the extraction device is adjusted, and the edge bottom water pressure is adjusted by injecting pressurized fluid.

(4) And starting a stimulation experiment of the mining in the stage of huff and puff, wherein when the injection medium is introduced, the medium fluid in the model enters the space a of the high-pressure container A, so that the real-time dynamic pressure of the bottom water is increased, and at the moment, the medium fluid is driven out of the model by the external pressure provided by the bottom water simulation unit during production.

(5) Collecting and recording collected data.

Fourth example

When the system implements the stimulation experiment of the recovery condition in the handling stage, the second type of model is applied, referring to fig. 8, and the specific operation flow is as follows:

(2) Installing a system: determine the type to which the model apparatus 300 corresponds, etc.

(3) Initialization configuration: carrying out gas permeability measurement on the full-diameter core radial flow model, vacuumizing saturated water and saturated oil, and putting the saturated water and the saturated oil into an oven; selecting a high-pressure container A and a high-pressure container B with proper volumes according to the total amount of edge bottom water required by the experimental rock core, and placing a piston B at a proper position of the high-pressure container A; a piston e in the high-pressure container B is arranged at the top of the high-pressure container B, and circulating gas is pumped into the two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; connecting the bottom water simulation device with the model device, simultaneously connecting the model device with the injection device, then selecting partial interfaces to be connected with the extraction device and sealing other interfaces connected with the extraction device by dead plugs according to the current simulation experiment requirements; regulating the back pressure of the extracting device and regulating the pressure of the bottom water by injecting pressurized fluid.

(4) And starting a displacement stage mining simulation experiment, wherein when the injection medium is introduced, the medium fluid in the model can enter the space a of the high-pressure container A, so that the real-time dynamic pressure of the bottom water is increased, and at the moment, the medium fluid can be driven out of the model by the external pressure provided by the bottom water simulation unit during production.

(5) Collecting and recording collected data.

Fifth example

When the system implements the failure stage recovery condition simulation experiment, the first type of model is applied, and with reference to fig. 7, the specific operation flow is as follows:

(4) And starting a stimulation experiment of the mining in the stage of handling, monitoring the mining speed in the failure stage in the process of a laboratory, and achieving the purpose of controlling the failure mining speed in a mode of regulating the pressure of a back pressure valve in back pressure equipment.

(5) Collecting and recording collected data.

Sixth example

When the system implements the failure stage recovery condition simulation experiment, a second type of model is applied, and with reference to fig. 8, the specific operation flow is as follows:

(2) Installing a system: determine the type of model device 300, etc.

(3) Initialization configuration: carrying out gas permeability measurement on the full-diameter core radial flow model, vacuumizing saturated water and saturated oil, and putting the saturated water and the saturated oil into an oven; selecting a high-pressure container A and a high-pressure container B with proper volumes according to the total amount of edge bottom water required by the experimental rock core, and placing a piston B at a proper position of the high-pressure container A; a piston e in the high-pressure container B is arranged at the top of the high-pressure container B, and circulating gas is pumped into the two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the side bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; connecting the bottom water simulation device with the model device, simultaneously connecting the model device with the injection device, then selecting partial interfaces to be connected with the extraction device and sealing other interfaces connected with the extraction device by dead plugs according to the current simulation experiment requirements; regulating the back pressure of the extraction device and regulating the pressure of the bottom water by injecting pressurized fluid.

(4) And starting a displacement stage mining simulation experiment, monitoring the mining speed of the failure stage in the laboratory process, and achieving the purpose of controlling the failure mining speed by regulating the pressure of a back pressure valve in back pressure equipment.

(5) Collecting and recording collected data.

The system and the method for realizing the bottom-edge water reservoir recovery simulation experiment according to the embodiment of the invention are applied to different practical experimental scenes, and the experimental flows corresponding to the scenes are as follows:

scene one

And simulating an oil displacement experiment of the rock core holder model in the presence of bottom water.

The core used by the selected holder is a natural Bailey core, the diameter is 2.5cm, the length is 30cm, the middle detection zone is provided with two pressure measuring points, and two edge and bottom water access ports are arranged. The high-pressure container A, B in the bottom water simulator had a capacity of 250 mL.

During the experiment, (1) a Bailey rock core is loaded into a rock core holder, and is put into an oven after ring pressure, gas permeability measurement, vacuum saturated water and saturated oil are added; (2) placing the piston b of the high-pressure container A at a middle position; (3) placing a piston e in a high-pressure container B at the top of the high-pressure container B, and pumping circulating gas in a gas cylinder into two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; (4) connecting the side bottom water simulation device with the model device, and simultaneously connecting the side bottom water simulation device with the injection device and the extraction device, and adjusting back pressure and side bottom water pressure; (5) and starting displacement and collecting data.

Scene two

And simulating a throughput experiment of the full-size core radial flow model in the presence of bottom water.

The selected core is a natural Bailey core, the diameter of the core is 11cm, the length of the core is 30cm, four extraction unit interfaces and 1 edge bottom water access port. The volumes of the high-pressure containers A, B in the bottom water units used were all 500 mL.

During the experiment, (1) a Bailey rock core is loaded into a rock core holder, and is put into an oven after ring pressure, gas permeability measurement, vacuum saturated water and saturated oil are added; (2) placing the piston b of the high-pressure container A at a middle position; (3) placing a piston e in a high-pressure container B at the top of the high-pressure container B, and pumping circulating gas in a gas cylinder into two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; (4) connecting the side bottom water simulation device with the model device, and simultaneously connecting the side bottom water simulation device with the injection device and the extraction device, and adjusting back pressure and side bottom water pressure; (5) water is driven to 0.2PV, and then bottom water energy is utilized to be discharged for production.

Scene three

And simulating a failure mining experiment of the full-size core radial flow model in the presence of bottom water.

The selected core is a natural Bailey core, the diameter of the core is 11cm, the length of the core is 30cm, four extraction unit interfaces and 1 edge bottom water access port. The volumes of the high-pressure vessel A, B in the bottom water units used were all 1000 mL.

During the experiment, (1) a Bailey rock core is loaded into a rock core holder, and is put into an oven after ring pressure, gas permeability measurement, vacuum saturated water and saturated oil are added; (2) the piston b of the high-pressure container a is placed at a position distant from the bottom 1/3; (3) placing a piston e in a high-pressure container B at the top of the high-pressure container B, and pumping circulating gas in a gas cylinder into two high-pressure containers by a booster pump until the bottom water pressure of the experimental design is reached; (4) and connecting the edge bottom water simulation device with the model device, and simultaneously connecting the edge bottom water simulation device with the injection device and the extraction device to adjust back pressure and edge bottom water pressure. (5) Regulating the back pressure of the extracting device, and controlling the pressure failure speed to produce.

The invention discloses a system and a method for realizing a side-bottom water reservoir recovery simulation experiment, in particular to a physical simulation experiment device aiming at the technology of improving the recovery ratio of a bottom water reservoir and a side water reservoir. The side bottom water simulation device consists of two high-pressure containers with pistons and a pump, wherein a space c of the high-pressure container A is communicated with a space f of the high-pressure container B through a pipeline, and gas is contained to keep the balance of the energy of the side bottom water. The fluid in the space d of the high-pressure container B is used for being connected with a pump to control the stability of the dynamic pressure of the edge bottom water in real time. Therefore, by introducing the edge and bottom water simulation device, various displacement modes such as water flooding, chemical flooding and the like can be simulated; can simulate various well types such as a vertical well, a horizontal well and the like; the production conditions of bottom water and side water under different position conditions can be simulated; the simulation system can simulate displacement and huff and puff and can also simulate the attenuation development experiment by utilizing the natural energy of the edge water and the bottom water, thereby providing reference and guidance for oil field development and application of new technology.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for realizing a simulation experiment of edge-bottom water reservoir recovery, comprising:

an injection device configured to pass an injection medium to the model device;

A side-bottom water simulation device, which is configured to inject the edge-bottom water simulation fluid required for the experiment into the model device, and keep the edge-bottom water energy obtained by the model device in a sufficient state;

a production device configured to collect production fluids and measure corresponding production data;

The model device, which is respectively communicated with the injection device, the edge-bottom water simulation device and the production device, is configured to simulate the porous medium of the reservoir.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the edge and bottom water simulation device comprises:

a fluid simulation unit configured to accommodate the edge-bottom water simulation fluid and inject the edge-bottom water simulation fluid into the model device under the action of external pressure;

a pressure control unit, configured to provide the external pressure to the edge-bottom water simulated fluid, and to monitor and adjust the pressure, the external pressure is required for the experiment to control the edge-bottom water simulated fluid to maintain a stable state pressure.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the fluid simulation unit has a first container, the first container comprising:

a first piston, which is arranged in the cavity of the first container;

a first cavity constructed on the first side of the first piston, which is provided with a side-bottom water output port, and the first cavity is used for accommodating the side-bottom water simulation fluid;

A second cavity configured on the second side of the first piston, the second cavity configured to utilize the circulating gas contained therein to form the external pressure.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the fluid simulation unit has a second container, the second container comprising:

a second piston, which is arranged in the cavity of the second container;

a third cavity configured on the first side of the second piston, the third cavity configured to balance the external pressure by injecting pressurized fluid into the cavity;

a fourth cavity constructed on the second side of the second piston, the fourth cavity communicates with the second cavity, and is used for the circulating gas contained therein and the second cavity With the cooperation of the circulating gas in the body, the external pressure is formed, so that the edge and bottom water energy obtained by the model device remains in a stable state.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the model device is configured as a clamp-type model with a ring pressure applying device or a core model made of sand-packing materials, so An experimental core is installed in the holder.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the model device is provided with a first interface end, a second interface end and a third interface end, wherein,

The first interface end is arranged at the end face of the first side of the core, and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device when simulating the oil displacement stage;

The second interface end is provided at the second side end face of the core, and is configured to connect the model device with the production device when simulating the oil displacement stage; and

The third interface end is arranged along the axial direction of the outer surface of the experimental core, the third interface end is connected to the edge and bottom water output port of the edge and bottom water simulation device, and is configured to simulate the oil displacement stage , connect the model device with the edge and bottom water simulation device.

7. The system according to claim 5, wherein the model device is provided with a first interface end, a second interface end and a third interface end, wherein,

The first interface end is arranged at the end face of the first side of the core, and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device and the production device simultaneously when simulating the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage;

The second interface end is arranged at the second side end face of the core, and the second interface end is connected to the edge and bottom water output port of the edge and bottom water simulation device, and is configured to simulate the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage when the simulation is performed. , connecting the model device with the edge and bottom water simulation device;

The third interface end is arranged along the axial direction of the outer surface of the experimental core, the third interface end is connected with the edge and bottom water output port, and is configured to be configured to simulate the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage, the The model device is connected with the edge and bottom water simulation device.

8. The system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the model device is configured as a full diameter core model.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the model device is provided with a fourth interface end, a fifth interface end, a sixth interface end and a seventh interface end, wherein,

The fourth interface end is arranged at the first end face of the core model, and is configured to connect the model device with the injection device when simulating the oil displacement stage;

The fifth interface end is arranged at the second end face of the core model, and the fifth interface end is connected to the edge and bottom water output port of the edge and bottom water simulation device, and is configured to simulate the oil displacement stage by connecting The model device is connected with the edge and bottom water simulation device;

The sixth interface end is disposed along the first axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, and is configured to connect the model device with the production device when simulating the oil displacement stage;

The seventh interface end is disposed along the second axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, and is configured to connect the model device with the production device when simulating the oil displacement phase.

10. The system according to claim 8, wherein the model device is provided with a fourth interface end, a fifth interface end, a sixth interface end and a seventh interface end, wherein,

The fourth interface end is arranged at the first end face of the core model, and is configured to connect the model device to the injection device and the extraction device simultaneously when simulating the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage;

The fifth interface end is arranged at the second end face of the core model, the fifth interface end is connected to the edge and bottom water output port of the edge and bottom water simulation device, and is configured to simulate the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage When the model device is connected to the edge and bottom water simulation device;

The sixth interface end is arranged along the first axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, the sixth interface end is connected with the edge and bottom water output port, and is configured to be configured to simulate the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage, connecting the model device with the edge and bottom water simulation device;

The seventh interface end is arranged along the second axial direction of the outer surface of the core model, the seventh interface end is connected to the edge and bottom water output port, and is configured to be configured to simulate the huff and puff stage or the depletion production stage, Connect the model device to the edge and bottom water simulation device.

11. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the system further comprises: a constant temperature oven, which is used to place the model device during the experiment implementation.

12. A method for realizing a simulation experiment of edge and bottom water reservoir recovery, characterized in that the method is realized by using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the method comprises: Follow the steps below:

Design experimental parameters, the experimental parameters include but are not limited to: edge and bottom water pressure, edge and bottom water injection volume, core pressure, experimental ambient temperature, injection pressure and recovery outlet pressure;

Connect the injection device, the edge and bottom water simulation device and the extraction device to the model device respectively to complete the system installation;

Initialize the experimental parameters, and use the edge-bottom water simulation device to inject the edge-bottom water simulation fluid that meets the experimental requirements into the model device, so that the edge-bottom water energy obtained by the model device remains in a sufficient state ;

The injection medium is introduced into the model device from the injection device to start the experiment;

The production fluid is collected using the production device and the corresponding production data is measured.