CN113206602B - DC charger based on single-phase grid three-level pseudo-totem pole - Google Patents
DC charger based on single-phase grid three-level pseudo-totem pole Download PDFInfo
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- CN113206602B CN113206602B CN202110390857.9A CN202110390857A CN113206602B CN 113206602 B CN113206602 B CN 113206602B CN 202110390857 A CN202110390857 A CN 202110390857A CN 113206602 B CN113206602 B CN 113206602B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/066—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode particular circuits having a special characteristic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
Abstract
The direct-current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo-totem pole comprises a pseudo-totem pole bridge arm, a filter circuit and a single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge; the pseudo totem pole leg comprises a switching tube: s is S 1 、S 2 Diode D 3 、D 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The filter circuit comprises an inductor L 1 、L 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge comprises a diode D 1 、D 2 Double-loop mesh bidirectional switch tube and capacitor C 1 、C 2 Load R L The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The double-loop mesh bidirectional switching tube comprises a switching tube S 3 、S 4 Diode D 5 、D 6 Switch tube S 5 、S 6 Diode D 7 、D 8 . The direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole integrates the pseudo totem pole rectifying technology and the three-level topology technology, and compared with the traditional boost power factor correction rectifier, the direct current charger can effectively reduce the stress of a switching tube, has small conduction loss of the switching tube and does not have bridge arm through phenomenon; meanwhile, because the mesh type bidirectional switch branch exists in the circuit, the reliability of the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronic and electric energy conversion, in particular to a direct current charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in recent years, the conservation amount of electric vehicles is continuously increased, one of the heaviest technologies for developing pure electric vehicles is a charging technology, a large number of charging devices brought by the construction of a large number of charging stations and charging piles are connected to a power grid, and the performance of a charging power supply can bring different influences to the power grid and the charging devices. The front end of the traditional single-phase charger cannot be further improved due to the existence of a diode rectifier bridge, and a full-control switch tube is used for replacing a diode as a rectifier bridge for a full-bridge type AC/DC converter, so that the problems of bridge arm straight-through, switch loss increase and the like are also brought while the efficiency of the DC charger is improved. The pseudo totem pole two-level rectification circuit structure is advantageous in high efficiency and no bridge arm direct connection. However, the pseudo-totem pole two-level device bears direct-current side voltage, and the device bears the problems of large voltage, large on-state loss of a pipe and the like, so that the direct-current charger based on the two-level pseudo-totem pole structure has the problems of high cost, high efficiency and the like. In addition, the two-level pseudo totem pole structure limits the application of the direct current charger in the middle-high voltage power direct current charging occasion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a direct current charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo-totem pole, which combines a traditional pseudo-totem pole structure with a three-level rectifier bridge, and solves the problem of high voltage stress of a power device of the two-level rectifier by utilizing a three-level technology while maintaining the advantages of the two-level rectifier of the pseudo-totem pole by utilizing a pair of bidirectional switch tube structures. The three-level rectifier improves the reliability of the circuit, reduces the switch voltage stress, improves the current sine degree and reduces the harmonic content.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
direct current charger based on single-phase net three-level pseudo totem pole, this direct current charger includes:
pseudo totem pole bridge arm, filter circuit, single phase grid three-level rectifier bridge;
the pseudo totem pole leg comprises a switching tube: s is S 1 、S 2 Diode D 3 、D 4 ；
The filter circuit comprises an inductor L 1 、L 2 ；
The single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge comprises a diode D 1 、D 2 Double-loop mesh bidirectional switch tube and capacitor C 1 、C 2 Load R L ；
The double-loop mesh bidirectional switching tube comprises a switching tube S 3 、S 4 Diode D 5 、D 6 Switch tube S 5 、S 6 Diode D 7 、D 8 ；
AC power supply u s One end is respectively connected with a diode D 1 Anode, diode D 2 Cathode, AC power supply u s The other end is connected with an inductor L 1 One end, inductance L 2 One end;
inductance L 1 The other ends are respectively connected with a diode D 3 Anode, switch tube S 1 Drain electrode, switch tube S 3 Source, switch tube S 4 A drain electrode;
inductance L 2 The other ends are respectively connected with a diode D 4 Cathode, switch tube S 2 Source, switch tube S 5 Source, switch tube S 6 A drain electrode;
switch tube S 3 Drain electrode connection diode D 5 Cathode, diode D 5 Anode-connected diode D 6 Cathode, diode D 6 Anode connection switch tube S 4 A source electrode;
switch tube S 5 Drain electrode connection diode D 7 Cathode, diode D 7 Anode-connected diode D 8 Cathode, diode D 8 Anode connection switch tube S 6 A source electrode;
diode D 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a diode D 3 Cathode, switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, capacitor C 1 A positive electrode;
diode D 2 The anodes are respectively connected with a diode D 4 Anode, switch tube S 1 Source, capacitor C 2 A negative electrode;
capacitor C 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a diode D 5 Anode, diode D 6 Cathode, diode D 7 Anode, diode D 8 A cathode;
load R L Two ends are respectively connected with a capacitor C 1 Positive electrode, capacitor C 2 And a negative electrode.
The pseudo totem pole bridge arm consists of a pair of asymmetric rectifying bridge arms formed by full-control switching tubes and diodes, and each bridge arm comprises 1 power switching device and 1 clamping diode.
The single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge comprises two bidirectional switch tubes, wherein any one bidirectional switch tube consists of 2 full-control switch tubes and 2 diodes, and is connected with an inductor L 1 The connected structure is an upper mesh type bidirectional switch and an inductor L 2 The connected structure is a lower mesh type bidirectional switch.
The single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge comprises two mesh bidirectional switches with the same structure and two parallel inductors L respectively 1 、L 2 And the connection is used for controlling the bidirectional circulation of inductance current between the capacitors, and realizing three-level output between bridge arms.
The direct-current charger circuit is connected with two identical inductors in parallel at one end of an alternating-current power supply, and the boost converter with the double-tube structure enables partial switching tube voltage/current stress to be low, the conduction loss of the switching tube is small, and the voltage gain is higher.
The bridge arm in the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole adopts a pseudo totem pole structure, and the advantages of no bridge arm straight-through hidden danger, no switching tube diode reverse recovery problem, high reliability, high efficiency and the like of the pseudo totem pole structure are reserved. The switch tube S 1 ～S 6 Are MOSFETs (metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors) or IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) with body diodes.
The direct-current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole has the following beneficial effects:
1) The invention adopts a pseudo totem pole structure, and retains the advantages of no bridge arm straight-through hidden trouble, no reverse recovery problem of a switching tube diode, high reliability, high efficiency and the like of the pseudo totem pole rectifier.
2) According to the invention, the pseudo-totem pole structure is combined with the single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge, a group of diode bridge arms and two-way switching tubes are added on the basis of the traditional pseudo-totem rectifier, so that the switching stress is reduced, the problem of high voltage resistance of the switching tubes is solved, and the method is suitable for high-voltage output occasions.
3) The invention adopts double-loop mesh bidirectionalThe switch tube is respectively connected with the inductor L 1 、L 2 And the damage of the single-mesh bidirectional switch tube does not affect the three-level output of the circuit, so that the reliability of the direct current charging circuit is greatly improved.
4) The direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole integrates the pseudo totem pole rectifying technology and the three-level topology technology, and compared with the traditional boost power factor correction rectifier, the direct current charger can effectively reduce the stress of a switching tube, has small conduction loss of the switching tube and does not have bridge arm through phenomenon; meanwhile, because the mesh type bidirectional switch branch exists in the circuit, the reliability of the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a main topology structure diagram of a direct-current charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 2 is a phase diagram of the working state of the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 3 is a second diagram of the working state of the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 4 is a three-phase diagram of the working state of the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 5 is a four-stage diagram of the working state of the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 6 is a five-stage diagram of the working state of the direct-current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 7 is a six-stage diagram of the working state of the direct-current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 8 shows a switching tube S in a dc charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole according to the present invention 1 ～S 6 A corresponding pulse distribution diagram.
Fig. 9 is a voltage and current waveform diagram of the input side of the direct current charger in a stable state based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole.
Fig. 10 shows an inductance L in a steady state of a dc charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole according to the present invention 1 Is a current waveform diagram of (a).
Fig. 11 shows an inductance L in a steady state of a dc charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole according to the present invention 2 Is a current waveform diagram of (a).
Fig. 12 shows voltage u in steady state of a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole based DC charger according to the present invention B1O Waveform diagram.
Fig. 13 shows voltage u in steady state of a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole based DC charger according to the present invention B2O Waveform diagram.
Fig. 14 shows a dc output voltage u in a steady state of a dc charger based on a single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole according to the present invention dc Waveform diagram.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the direct current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole comprises a pair of pseudo totem pole bridge arms, a filter circuit and a single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge.
The pair of pseudo totem pole bridge arm structures comprise two full-control power switch tubes S 1 、S 2 2 common diodes D 3 、D 4 A pair of asymmetric rectifying bridge arms is formed by a full-control switch tube and a diode, and each bridge arm comprises 1 power switch device and 1 clamping diode. S is S 1 Drain and inductance L 1 And diode D 3 Anode is connected to node B 1 ，S 2 Source and inductance L 2 And diode D 4 Cathode is connected to node B 2 。
The filter circuit is composed of a filter inductance L 1 And L 2 The two inductances are completely consistent and respectively matched with a fully-controlled switch tube S 1 Drain electrode S of (2) 2 The other end of the capacitor is connected with the positive electrode of the alternating current power supply in parallel, and the negative electrode of the alternating current power supply is defined as a node O.
The single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge consists of 2 diodes D 1 、D 2 A pair of two-waySwitching tube and 2 capacitors C 1 、C 2 And a load R L Composition is prepared. Wherein, diode D 1 Anode-connected diode D 2 Cathode, diode D 1 、D 2 The connection point is connected with the negative electrode of the alternating current power supply at a point O; the mesh bidirectional switching tube structure consists of 2 full-control switching tubes and 2 common diodes, and the single-phase mesh three-level rectifier bridge comprises a double-loop mesh bidirectional switching tube, a definition and an inductance L 1 The connected structure is an upper mesh bidirectional switch and an inductor L 2 The connected structure is a lower mesh bidirectional switch.
The upper mesh bidirectional switch comprises 2 full-control switch tubes S 3 、S 4 And 2 common diodes D 5 、D 6 Full-control switch tube S 3 Source and full control type switch tube S 4 Is connected with the drain electrode of the capacitor by an inductance L 1 Connected to point B 1 Full-control switch tube S 3 Drain of (D) and diode D 5 Cathode series connection of all-controlled switch tube S 4 Source electrode of (D) and diode D 6 Anode of diode D 5 Anode and diode D of (c) 6 Is connected to the cathode of the battery.
The lower mesh bidirectional switch is consistent with the upper mesh bidirectional switch, and the full-control switch tube S 5 Source and full control type switch tube S 6 Is connected to the drain of the inductor L at its connection point 2 Connected to node B 2 Full-control switch tube S 6 Source electrode of (D) and diode D 8 Anode series connection of all-control switch tube S 5 Drain of (D) and diode D 7 Cathode series connection of diode D 7 Anode and diode D of (c) 8 The lower mesh bidirectional switch is connected with the lower mesh bidirectional switch in parallel and is connected with the split capacitor C 1 、C 2 Is connected to node n. Capacitor C 1 Positive electrode of (C) and capacitor C 2 The negative electrodes of the diodes D are respectively connected with a load 1 、D 3 Cathode and switching tube S of (2) 2 Is connected to the drain of the capacitor C at its connection point 1 The positive electrode of (C) intersects at node p, diode D 2 、D 4 Anode and switching tube S of (C) 1 Is connected with the source electrode ofContact and capacitor C 2 The negative electrode of (2) intersects at node m.
The specific experimental parameters are as follows:
the effective value of the power grid voltage in the input side of the direct-current charger based on the single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole is 220V, the frequency is 50Hz, the output voltage of the direct-current side is 400V, the switching frequency is 20kHz, and the filter inductance L 1 ＝L 2 =3mh, load R L The resistance value of (2) is 80 omega, and the output capacitor C 1 ＝C 2 ＝4700μF。
Based on the direct-current charger of the three-level pseudo totem pole of single-phase net, when the circuit works normally, there are six kinds of working modes in total under the steady state:
(1) Three modes of operation for the positive half cycle:
as shown in fig. 2, mode one: switch tube S 1 ～S 6 All turn off, AC power supply u s And inductance L 1 And inductance L 2 To the load R L Providing energy, diode D 2 、D 3 Switch tube S 2 The body diode is forward biased to conduct and outputs the voltage u dc >u s Inductance current linearly decreases, capacitance C 1 、C 2 In a charged state, the charging current is equal to i s -i dc Voltage u B1O ＝u B2O ＝u c1 +u c2 ＝+u dc ；
As shown in fig. 3, mode two: switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 5 Turn-off, switch tube S 4 、S 6 Conduction and capacitance C 2 Charging with a charging current i s -i dc Capacitance C 1 Discharging a load, providing a current i dc Voltage u B1O ＝u B2O ＝u c1 ＝+u dc /2；
As shown in fig. 4, mode three: switch tube S 2 ～S 6 All turn-off, switch tube S 1 Conduction, diode D 2 Forward bias conduction, AC power supply u s Inductance L 1 Charging, inductance L 1 The current rises linearly, the capacitance C 1 And C 2 To the load R L Discharge at voltage u B1O ＝0，u B2O ＝u s ；
(2) Three modes of operation are negative half cycles:
as shown in fig. 5, mode four: switch tube S 2 Conduction and switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 Turn-off, diode D 1 Forward bias conduction, AC power supply u s Inductance L 2 Charging, inductance L 2 The current rises linearly, the capacitance C 1 And C 2 Continue to load R L Discharge at voltage u B2O ＝0,u B1O ＝u s ；
As shown in fig. 6, mode five: switch tube S 3 、S 5 Conduction and switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 4 、S 6 Turn off, capacitance C 1 Charging with a charging current of-i s -i dc Capacitance C 2 Discharging a load, providing a current i dc Voltage u B1O ＝u B2O ＝u c2 ＝-u dc /2；
As shown in fig. 7, mode six: switch tube is completely turned off, AC power supply u s And inductance L 1 And inductance L 2 To the load R L Providing energy, diode D 4 、D 1 And a switch tube S 2 The body diode is forward biased to conduct and outputs the voltage u dc >u s Inductance current linearly decreases, capacitance C 1 、C 2 In a charged state, the charging current is equal to i s -i dc Voltage u B1O ＝u B2O ＝-u c1 -u c2 ＝-u dc ；
In the six modes of operation shown in fig. 2-7, the net side inputs current i s The two return paths are arranged in the mode one, the mode two, the mode five and the mode six, namely, in one power frequency period, the mode three has only the inductance L 1 With current, only inductance L in mode four 2 In other modes, besides the current, the current flows through the two inductors. Table 1 shows a switching tube S in the practice of the present invention 1 ～S 6 Six operating mode tables.
Table 1 switching tube S 1 ～S 6 Six working mode table
As shown in Table 1, the circuit has six modes of operation in one cycle, when u s >When 0, there are 0, +u dc /2、+u dc Three states; when u is s <When 0, there is 0, -u dc /2、-u dc In the three states, under different working modes, all parameters of the system are changed, wherein 1 is used for indicating the on state of the switching tube, and 0 is used for indicating the off state of the switching tube. FIG. 8 shows a switching tube S in the circuit of the present invention 1 ～S 6 In the pulse distribution diagram in one cycle, the gate driving voltage is unitized, the voltage to the switching transistor Shi Jiamen is denoted by 1, and the voltage to the switching transistor Shi Jiamen is not denoted by 0.
As shown in fig. 9, the ac voltage is multiplied by a gain of 0.1 times, and compared with the inductor current by an oscilloscope, the ac input voltage is in phase with the input current, so that a high power factor can be realized;
FIG. 10 shows the flow through inductance L 1 Is used for the current of the character i L1 FIG. 11 shows the flow through inductance L 2 Is used for the current of the character i L2 The method shows that the zero-removal mode is verified, and the current passes through the two inductors in other states;
FIG. 12 is a voltage u B1O Waveform diagram, FIG. 13 is voltage u B2O Waveform diagrams, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, voltage u B1O Three-level voltage can be generated in the positive half period, and the voltage is +u due to the redundant mode when the switching tube is switched dc In the mode, the voltage u may be directly switched to +0 mode B2O Generating AND u in the negative half cycle B2O Symmetrical three-level voltages; fig. 14 shows that the dc charger realizes dc output voltage stabilization.
Claims (4)
1. Direct current charger based on single-phase net three-level pseudo totem pole, its characterized in that this direct current charger includes:
pseudo totem pole bridge arm, filter circuit, single phase grid three-level rectifier bridge;
the pseudo totem pole leg comprises a switching tube: s is S 1 、S 2 Diode D 3 、D 4 ；
The filter circuit comprises an inductor L 1 、L 2 ；
The single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge comprises a diode D 1 、D 2 Double-loop mesh bidirectional switch tube and capacitor C 1 、C 2 Load R L ；
The double-loop mesh bidirectional switching tube comprises a switching tube S 3 、S 4 Diode D 5 、D 6 Switch tube S 5 、S 6 Diode D 7 、D 8 ；
AC power supply u s One end is respectively connected with a diode D 1 Anode, diode D 2 Cathode, AC power supply u s The other end is connected with an inductor L 1 One end, inductance L 2 One end;
inductance L 1 The other ends are respectively connected with a diode D 3 Anode, switch tube S 1 Drain electrode, switch tube S 3 Source, switch tube S 4 A drain electrode;
inductance L 2 The other ends are respectively connected with a diode D 4 Cathode, switch tube S 2 Source, switch tube S 5 Source, switch tube S 6 A drain electrode;
switch tube S 3 Drain electrode connection diode D 5 Cathode, diode D 5 Anode-connected diode D 6 Cathode, diode D 6 Anode connection switch tube S 4 A source electrode;
switch tube S 5 Drain electrode connection diode D 7 Cathode, diode D 7 Anode-connected diode D 8 Cathode, diode D 8 Anode connection switch tube S 6 A source electrode;
diode D 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a diode D 3 Cathode, switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, capacitor C 1 A positive electrode;
diode D 2 The anodes are respectively connected with a diode D 4 Anode, switch tube S 1 Source, capacitor C 2 A negative electrode;
capacitor C 1 The cathodes are respectively connected with a diode D 5 Anode, diode D 6 Cathode, diode D 7 Anode, diode D 8 A cathode;
load R L Two ends are respectively connected with a capacitor C 1 Positive electrode, capacitor C 2 A negative electrode;
inductance L during normal operation of circuit 1 The current of (2) is i L1 Inductance L 2 The current of (2) is i L2 To the power grid output current i s The method comprises the following steps: i.e s =i L1 +i L2 The circuit comprises 6 operating modes in steady state:
(1) Three modes of operation for the positive half cycle: grid voltage u s And output current i s Are all greater than 0;
mode one: switch tube S 1 ~S 6 All turn off, AC power supply u s And inductance L 1 And inductance L 2 To the load R L Providing energy, diode D 2 、D 3 Switch tube S 2 The body diode is forward biased to conduct and outputs the voltage u dc >u s Inductance current linearly decreases, capacitance C 1 、C 2 In a charged state, the charging current is equal to i s -i dc Voltage u B1O =u B2O =u c1 +u c2 =+u dc ；
Mode two: switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 3 Turn-off, switch tube S 4 、S 5 、S 6 Conduction and capacitance C 2 Charging with a charging current i s -i dc Capacitance C 1 Discharging a load, providing a current i dc Voltage u B1O =u B2O =u c1 =+u dc /2；
Mode three: switch tube S 2 ~S 6 All turn-off, switch tube S 1 Conduction, diode D 2 Forward bias conductionAc power supply u s Inductance L 1 Charging, inductance L 1 The current rises linearly, the capacitance C 1 And C 2 To the load R L Discharge at voltage u B1O =0，u B2O =u s ；
(2) Three modes of operation are negative half cycles: grid voltage u s And output current i s Are all less than 0;
mode four: switch tube S 2 Conduction and switch tube S 1 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 Turn-off, diode D 1 Forward bias conduction, AC power supply u s Inductance L 2 Charging, inductance L 2 The current rises linearly, the capacitance C 1 And C 2 Continue to load R L Discharge at voltage u B2O =0,u B1O =u s ；
Mode five: switch tube S 3 、S 4 、S 5 Conduction and switch tube S 1 、S 2 、S 6 Turn off, capacitance C 1 Charging with a charging current of-i s -i dc Capacitance C 2 Discharging a load, providing a current i dc Voltage u B1O =u B2O =u c2 =-u dc /2；
Mode six: switch tube is completely turned off, AC power supply u s And inductance L 1 And inductance L 2 To the load R L Providing energy, diode D 4 、D 1 And a switch tube S 2 The body diode is forward biased to conduct and outputs the voltage u dc >u s Inductance current linearly decreases, capacitance C 1 、C 2 In a charged state, the charging current is equal to i s -i dc Voltage u B1O =u B2O =-u c1 -u c2 =-u dc 。
2. The single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole based direct current charger according to claim 1, wherein: the pseudo totem pole bridge arm is a pair of asymmetric rectifying bridge arms formed by a full-control switch tube and a diode, and each bridge arm comprises 1 power switch device and 1 clamping diode.
3. The single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole based direct current charger according to claim 1, wherein: the single-phase grid three-level rectifier bridge comprises two bidirectional switching tubes, wherein any one bidirectional switching tube consists of 2 full-control switching tubes and 2 diodes, and is connected with an inductor L 1 The connected structure is an upper mesh type bidirectional switch and an inductor L 2 The connected structure is a lower mesh type bidirectional switch.
4. The single-phase grid three-level pseudo totem pole based direct current charger according to claim 1, wherein: the switch tube S 1 ~S 6 Are MOSFETs, or IGBTs with body diodes.
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| CN110112903A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-09 | 青岛大学 | A kind of circuit of power factor correction, method, charger and electric car |
| CN111416534A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 三峡大学 | Current path reconstruction type single-phase five-level rectifier |
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| CN110112903A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-09 | 青岛大学 | A kind of circuit of power factor correction, method, charger and electric car |
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