CN112715489B - A kind of feeding method of white streak ladybug - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for raising lepidoptera coccinea. Pumpkin powdery mildew comes from pumpkin leaves infected with powdery mildew; artificial feed is prepared according to the following mass percentages: glucose 20%, fructose 20%, soybean powder 5%, silkworm chrysalis powder 15%, feed-grade vitamins 0.3%, sterile water 39.7% %, the ingredients are cheap, readily available and nutritious. By adopting the above-mentioned method to raise the white streak lady beetle, the adult acquisition rate is high, the female egg laying period is long, and the egg laying quantity is large. Using the obtained white streak and lady beetle to control plant powdery mildew has ideal effect, economical and environmental protection.

Description

A kind of feeding method of white streak ladybug

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of lady beetle breeding, in particular to a raising method of white streak lady beetle.

Background technique

Powdery mildew, belonging to the Ascomycota subphylum Sclerotinia, is a kind of pathogenic fungi that obligately parasitize the surface of plants and produce powdery mildew. When powdery mildew damages plants, its haustorium penetrates into the host cells to absorb nutrients and expands under the epidermis. The affected parts of plants gradually turn green and yellow, and even the whole leaves die. Generally speaking, powdery mildew has a high host specificity, and can be divided into powdery mildew fungi that specifically infect economic forest plants, such as prickly pear powdery mildew, apple powdery mildew, wolfberry powdery mildew, etc.; cucumber powdery mildew specifically infects crops Bacteria, wheat powdery mildew, chili powdery mildew, etc.; rose powdery mildew, chrysanthemum powdery mildew, rose powdery mildew, etc., which specially infect flowers. These types of powdery mildew can occur on an annual basis, which not only disrupts the ecological balance, but also severely damages the economic benefits of growers. Regarding the control technology of powdery mildew, chemical pesticides are currently used for control. Due to the unscientific use of chemical pesticides for a long time, it not only causes environmental pollution, but also leads to powdery mildew resistance to chemical pesticides, and the efficacy of the drugs is greatly reduced.

Halyzia hauseri Mader, belonging to Coleoptera Coccinellidae, is the nemesis of powdery mildew on prickly pears, pumpkins and other plants. Large-scale breeding of the white-striped lady beetle, that is, to obtain a large number of natural enemy insects of powdery mildew, and then use it to control plant powdery mildew can effectively reduce the use of pesticides, which is not only effective, but also economical and environmentally friendly.

At present, the number of white-striped lady beetles in the natural environment is small, and there are few reports on indoor breeding of white-striped lady beetles. To realize large-scale rearing of white-streaked ladybugs, the first thing to solve is the food problem, but powdery mildew is a fungus that cannot be cultured in vitro, so how to easily, quickly and massively breed powdery mildew has become a difficult problem. At present, the existing scheme is to use the method of moisturizing diseased leaves to raise the lepidopteran ladybug. However, this method also has many limitations. It is time-consuming and laborious to raise a large number of people. Moreover, the activity area of the leucorrhea ladybug is small. If the leaves are not replaced immediately, it is easy to cause self-harm. Phenomenon. To sum up, there are various drawbacks in the use of traditional feeding methods to raise Coccinella chinensis. These drawbacks limit the large-scale rearing of Coccinella chinensis and are not conducive to its industrialization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of raising method of lepidoptera coccinea, in order to solve the existing problem that cannot easily, quickly and in large quantities cultivate leucorrhea coccinellae.

The feeding method provided by the invention utilizes the characteristics of short growth cycle of pumpkin and low production environment requirements, and provides a food basis for the large-scale feeding of white-striped ladybugs; the characteristics of artificial feeding are cheap, easy to obtain, easy to manufacture and easy to store, and are The large-scale feeding of the adult beetles of lepidoptera larvae provides nutrition; at the same time, the invention also designs a collection net for the eggs of lepidoptera The technical solution provided by the present invention mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Incubation of the eggs of Coccinellus leucoides: The collected eggs of Coccinellus leucoides were placed in a Petri dish (90 mm in diameter) lined with a piece of moist filter paper (70 mm in diameter) to incubate.

(2) Breeding of the larvae of the white streak fungus: once the eggs of the white streaked lady beetle are found to hatch, immediately transfer all the eggs in the petri dish to the potted pumpkin leaves in the rearing box, and check the white powder on the pumpkin leaves every 24 hours. If the diseased area of 80% of the leaves is less than 20%, immediately replace the pumpkin pot with a large diseased area.

(3) Rearing of adult beetles of leucorrhea: The adult feeding is mainly artificial feed, and the adults as seed insects are mainly fed with pumpkin powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii).

(4) Collection of eggs of Coccinella stipitis: Put 4 pairs of male and female species of insects and the egg collection net into the egg-laying box, feed fresh leaves of infecting pumpkin powdery mildew every 12 hours, and collect eggs from the egg collection net every 24 hours. .

Further, the method also includes step (5) indoor pot planting of pumpkin: using indoor pot planting to plant pumpkin, spraying leaf fertilizer once a week, when 8 to 10 leaves are grown, use leaf smear method or spore suspension. The liquid method is used to inoculate powdery mildew on healthy pumpkin leaves, and then put it in a non-ventilated environment, which is conducive to the reproduction of powdery mildew. When 80% of the leaves are diseased, it can be used for feeding the larvae of the white streak ladybug.

Further, the method also includes step (6) making artificial feed: configuring according to the following mass percentages: 20% of glucose, 20% of fructose, 5% of soybean powder, 15% of silkworm chrysalis powder, 0.3% of feed-grade vitamins, sterile Water 39.7%.

Wherein, the silkworm chrysalis powder and soybean powder should be dried and crushed and sieved with an 80-mesh sieve. The soybean powder, silkworm chrysalis powder and feed-grade vitamins are mixed and stirred evenly, and then put into a sterilizer for sterilization for 15 minutes, and then taken out and then cooled to room temperature. Add sterile water and 0.2-0.4% sorbic acid (preservative) and stir well.

The method uses an egg collection net to lure ladybugs to lay eggs on it, so as to collect the eggs of ladybugs. During the larval rearing process, live pumpkins infected with powdery mildew are used for direct feeding, compared with using diseased leaves. The moisturizing feeding operation is simpler and the effect is better, which can further improve the survival rate of the white streak ladybug.

Further, in step (1), the incubation environment temperature of white streak ladybird is 25～28 ℃, the humidity is 70～80%, and the illumination condition is 12L:12D; Step (2) and step (3) white streak ladybird The breeding environment temperature of larvae and adults is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70-80%, and the light condition is 14L:10D; step (4) the egg-laying environment temperature of the white streak ladybug is 25-28 ℃, and the humidity is 70- 80%, the light condition is 14L:10D.

Further, the production method of the egg collection net in step (4) is: folding the white gauze (PP material) of A4 paper size with an aperture of about 1.2 to 1.4 mm from the middle to make the clip after normal unfolding. The angle should be between 30° and 90°, soak it in 10% honey water for 30s, and dry it naturally before use.

Furthermore, petri dishes, rearing boxes, egg-laying boxes and other high-temperature-resistant utensils need to be sterilized by steam sterilizer before use. The utensils need to be disinfected with 75% alcohol for more than 30s.

Further, in step (5), the ambient temperature of pumpkin indoor pot planting is 25-28° C., and the pot is cylindrical, with a diameter of about 120 mm and a height of about 130 mm. Water once a day after planting, and topdress with 0.3%-0.5% compound fertilizer solution and 2% pumpkin foliar fertilizer solution once a week after the buds are unearthed; diseased pumpkins and healthy pumpkins must be planted separately to prevent early infection of powdery mildew. normal growth.

Further, the rearing box in step (2) is rectangular, and is made of acrylic material, and its length, width and height are 40cm, 30cm, and 50cm respectively; For the ventilation openings, use double-sided tape to fix a gauze (PP material) with a diameter of about 0.5mm to seal it to prevent larvae from crawling out. The top of the rearing box is detachable and has a good airtightness; observe and collect the successfully emerged adults in the rearing box every day.

Further, the spawning box in step (4) is rectangular, uses PP material, and its length, width and height are respectively 30cm, 20cm, 15cm; its top is a detachable design, and there is a 2cm × 2cm For air holes, use double-sided tape to fix a gauze (PP material) with a diameter of about 1mm and seal it.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable effects:

The method can effectively avoid the disadvantages of complicated operation, time-consuming and labor-intensive, low survival rate and the like in the traditional moisturizing feeding of leaves infected with powdery mildew. The present invention adopts potted pumpkin to propagate powdery mildew in vivo as the main feed for the larvae and seed insects of the white streak fungus, and has mature planting technology, fast growth, large leaves, high morbidity rate, easy inoculation, low cost, and is not affected by seasonal factors. Sufficient food is provided for the feeding of lepidopteran and ladybugs all year round; the adult beetles of lepidoptera The consumption of the eggs is reduced, and the complexity of feeding is further reduced; the egg collection net designed by this method can effectively lure the white streak ladybugs to lay eggs on it, reduce the difficulty of egg collection and the artificial damage rate, and collect eggs regularly. Laying eggs and avoiding situations in which females can eat their eggs. In practice, the method has the advantages of simple operation, ideal development rate of white streak ladybird, low mortality rate, high adult acquisition rate, long egg-laying period and large egg-laying amount of females.

Detailed ways:

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The ingredients or materials involved in the following methods are commercially available unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, all relevant experimental methods are conventional methods in the art. The numerical value or numerical ratio, if not marked, refers to the mass numerical value or mass ratio.

Example 1:

The pumpkin powdery mildew is used as the live feed for the larvae and seed insects of the white-striped lady beetle, and the artificial feed is used as the main food for the adults, and the raising method thereof comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation before feeding

All petri dishes, breeding boxes, egg-laying boxes and other high-temperature-resistant utensils need to be sterilized by steam sterilizer before use. It needs to be disinfected with 75% alcohol for more than 30s before use.

Soak several pumpkin seeds for 4 hours and configure 10% bee water.

The egg collection net is made as designed. The egg collection net is made of white gauze (PP material) with the size of A4 paper, the aperture is about 1.2~1.4mm, and it is folded from the middle so that the angle after normal unfolding is 30°~90°. Soak in 10% honey water for 30s, then dry naturally.

(2) Indoor potted pumpkin

Prepare several cylindrical pots with a diameter of about 120mm and a height of about 130mm. First put two-thirds of the soil, press it lightly, then put the soaked seeds, and then fill the soil without pressing . The planting period was 1 month at an ambient temperature of 25-28°C, during which watering was performed once a day. After the buds were unearthed, 0.3-0.5% compound fertilizer aqueous solution and 2% pumpkin foliar fertilizer aqueous solution were topdressed once every 7 days. When 8 to 10 leaves grow, use the method of smearing leaves or spore suspension to inoculate powdery mildew, and then put it into a non-ventilated environment for 7 days to observe the disease situation. About 80% of the leaves have more than 60% of the diseased area. , which can be used to raise white streak ladybugs; pumpkin pots infected with powdery mildew should be planted in different places from normal pumpkin pots to prevent early infection of powdery mildew and affect normal growth.

(3) Making artificial feed

It is configured according to the following mass percentages: glucose 20%, fructose 20%, soybean powder 5%, silkworm chrysalis powder 15%, feed-grade vitamins 0.3%, and sterile water 39.7%.

The silkworm chrysalis powder and soybean powder should be dried and crushed and sieved with an 80-mesh sieve. The soybean powder, silkworm chrysalis powder and feed-grade vitamins should be mixed and stirred evenly, then put into a sterilizer for sterilization for 15 minutes, taken out and cooled to room temperature before adding Sterile water and 0.2-0.4% sorbic acid (preservative), stir well.

(4) Incubation of eggs of white streak ladybug

Wet a piece of filter paper with a diameter of 70mm with water, put it into a petri dish with a diameter of 90mm, transfer all the eggs on the egg collection net to the filter paper in the petri dish, cover the petri dish, and put it at a temperature of 25-28°C. , the humidity is 70-80%, and the light condition is 12L:12D. Under this condition, the egg stage of the white-striped lady beetle is about 3d.

(5) Rearing of larvae of white streak fungus

Once it is found that the eggs of the white-striped lady beetle have hatched, immediately transfer all the eggs in the petri dish to the leaves of the potted pumpkin in the breeding box, and check the area of powdery mildew on the leaves of the pumpkin every 24 hours, if 80% of the leaves are affected If it is lower than 20%, immediately replace the pumpkin pot with a large disease area; the breeding box should be placed in an environment with a temperature of 25-28°C, a humidity of 70-80%, and a light condition of 14L:10D; The larval stage of the worm is about 14d; the rearing box is rectangular and made of acrylic, and its length, width and height are 40cm, 30cm, and 50cm respectively; there is a 10cm × 10cm vent on the front, rear, left and right sides. , Use double-sided tape to fix a gauze (PP material) with an aperture of about 0.5mm to seal it to prevent larvae from crawling out. The top of the rearing box is detachable and has a good airtightness; the adults that have successfully emerged in the rearing box are observed and collected every day.

(6) Rearing of adult lady beetles

The feeding of adults is mainly based on artificial feed, and the adults as seed insects are mainly fed with pumpkin powdery mildew; the feeding environment temperature of adults and seed insects is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70-80%, and the light condition is 14L: 10D;

(7) Collection of eggs of white streak and lady beetle

Put 4 pairs of male and female species of ladybird species collected in the field and the egg collection net into the egg-laying box, place the egg-laying box at a temperature of 25-28°C, a humidity of 70-80%, and a light condition of 14L: In a 10D environment; fresh pumpkin powdery mildew leaves were fed every 12h, and eggs were collected from the egg collection net every 24h. The spawning box is cuboid, made of PP material, and its length, width, and height are 30cm, 20cm, and 15cm respectively; its top is detachable, and there is a 2cm×2cm air hole, which is fixed with double-sided tape with a diameter of about 1mm. of gauze (PP material) to seal it.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for breeding ladybug of white streak fungus is characterized in that: the method uses pumpkin powdery mildew as the living feed of the larva and the seed worm of the ladybug, and then uses the artificial feed as the main food of the adult for feeding; the method comprises the following steps: 1) hatching the eggs of the ladybug with the white streak: putting the collected eggs of the ladybug into a culture dish padded with a piece of wet filter paper for incubation; 2) breeding of ladybug larvae by using the following steps: after hatching the eggs of the ladybug, transferring all the eggs in the culture dish to potted pumpkin leaves in the breeding box, checking powdery mildew incidence areas on the pumpkin leaves every 24 hours, and immediately replacing the potted pumpkin with large incidence areas if 80% of the incidence areas of the leaves are lower than 20%; 3) and (3) breeding of the white streak fungus ladybug adults: the adult is mainly fed with artificial feed, and the adult as the seed insect is mainly fed with pumpkin powdery mildew; 4) collecting eggs of the ladybug with the white fungus: and (3) putting the 4 pairs of male and female seed worms and the egg collecting net into an egg laying box, feeding fresh pumpkin powdery mildew leaves every 12h, and collecting worm eggs from the egg collecting net once every 24 h.

2. The breeding method of ladybug according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the steps of: 5) indoor potted planting of pumpkins: the pumpkin is planted in an indoor pot culture mode, compound fertilizer and leaf fertilizer are applied once every week, when 8-10 leaves grow out, powdery mildew is inoculated to the healthy pumpkin leaves by using a leaf smearing method or a spore suspension method, then the healthy pumpkin leaves are placed in a non-ventilated environment for breeding, and when 80% of the leaves reach 60%, the pumpkin leaves can be placed in a breeding box for feeding.

3. The breeding method of ladybug according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the steps of: 6) preparing artificial feed: the preparation method comprises the following steps of: 20% of glucose, 20% of fructose, 5% of soybean meal, 15% of silkworm chrysalis meal, 0.3% of feed-grade vitamin and 39.7% of sterile water.

4. The breeding method of ladybug with saxifraga according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manufacturing method of the egg collecting net in the step 4) comprises the following steps: folding a PP white gauze with the size of A4 paper and the aperture of 1.2-1.4 mm from the middle to ensure that the included angle after the gauze is normally unfolded is 30-90 degrees, soaking the gauze in 10% of honey water for 30s, and naturally drying the gauze.

5. The breeding method of ladybug with saxifraga according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the incubation environment temperature of the ladybug with the brevibacterium sp is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70-80%, and the illumination condition is 12L: 12D; in the step 2) and the step 3), the breeding environment temperature of the ladybug larvae and the imagoes is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70-80%, and the illumination condition is 14L: 10D; in the step 4), the egg-laying environment temperature of the ladybug is 25-28 ℃, the humidity is 70-80%, and the illumination condition is 14L: 10D.

6. The breeding method of ladybug with saxifraga according to claim 1, characterized in that: the culture dish, the breeding box, the spawning box and other high-temperature resistant appliances adopted by the method are sterilized by a steam sterilizer before use, and the sterilization conditions are as follows: the temperature is 120 ℃, the time is 15-30 min, and instruments which cannot be sterilized at high temperature are sterilized by using 75% alcohol for more than 30 s.

7. The breeding method of ladybug with saxifraga according to claim 1, characterized in that: step 5), the indoor potted planting environment temperature of the pumpkin is 25-28 ℃; watering once a day after planting, and applying 0.3% -0.5% compound fertilizer aqueous solution and 2% pumpkin foliar fertilizer aqueous solution 1 time a week after sprouting; diseased pumpkins and healthy pumpkins are planted separately.

8. The method of raising ladybug of Alkayama according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the feeding box in the step 2) is a cuboid, the feeding box is made of acryl materials, and the length, the width and the height of the feeding box are respectively 40cm, 30cm and 50 cm; the front, back, left and right sides are provided with a vent hole of 10cm multiplied by 10cm, and gauze with the aperture of 0.5mm is fixed by double-sided adhesive tape to seal the vent hole; the top of the feeding box is detachably designed and has sealing performance; adults successfully eclosion in the rearing boxes were observed and collected every day.

9. The breeding method of ladybug with saxifraga according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the oviposition box in the step 4) is a cuboid, and the length, width and height of the oviposition box are respectively 30cm, 20cm and 15 cm; the top of the bag is detachably designed, and is provided with a 2cm multiplied by 2cm air hole, and the bag is sealed by a gauze fixed by double-sided adhesive tape.