CN1120561C - Mixed bridge-type zero-voltage and zero-current switch three level DC converter - Google Patents

Mixed bridge-type zero-voltage and zero-current switch three level DC converter Download PDF

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CN1120561C
CN1120561C CN01127182A CN01127182A CN1120561C CN 1120561 C CN1120561 C CN 1120561C CN 01127182 A CN01127182 A CN 01127182A CN 01127182 A CN01127182 A CN 01127182A CN 1120561 C CN1120561 C CN 1120561C
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voltage
zero
bridge arm
level
switch
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CN1336715A (en
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阮新波
李斌
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
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Abstract

一种零电压零电流开关混合型全桥三电平直流变换器属于直流变换器。包括输入分压电容电路(1)、阻断电容电路(4)、隔离变压器(5)、整流滤波电路(6)，其特点是还包括三电平逆变桥臂(2)与两电平逆变桥臂(3)。三电平逆变桥臂，其开关管的电压应力为输入电压的一半，可在很宽的负载范围内实现零电压开关，可选用MOSFET；两电平逆变桥臂其开关管的电压应力为输入电压可在很宽的负载范围内实现零电流开关，可先用IGBT，且体积小，重量轻，动态特性好等优点。

Figure 01127182

The invention relates to a zero-voltage zero-current switching hybrid full-bridge three-level direct-current converter, which belongs to direct-current converters. Including input voltage dividing capacitor circuit (1), blocking capacitor circuit (4), isolation transformer (5), rectification filter circuit (6), and its characteristic is that it also includes three-level inverter bridge arm (2) and two-level Inverter bridge arm (3). The voltage stress of the switch tube of the three-level inverter bridge arm is half of the input voltage, which can realize zero-voltage switching in a wide load range, and MOSFET can be selected; the voltage stress of the switch tube of the two-level inverter bridge arm The input voltage can realize zero-current switching in a wide load range, and IGBT can be used first, and it has the advantages of small size, light weight, and good dynamic characteristics.

Figure 01127182

Description

Zero-voltage and zero-current switch mixed type full-bridge three-level DC converter
Technical field
Zero-voltage and zero-current switch mixed type full-bridge three-level DC converter of the present invention, the DC converter of genus transformation of electrical energy device.
Background technology
Along with the development of power electronic technology, more and more higher to the requirement of electrical energy transformer, particularly more and more higher to the requirement of input power factor.The output voltage of circuit generally can reach 760～800V behind three-phase activity coefficient adjustment, and sometimes even reach 1000V, the switch tube voltage quota that this just requires to improve the DC converter of back level makes to be difficult to select suitable power switch pipe.And the voltage stress of three-level DC converter switching tube is input direct voltage half, therefore is easy to select suitable switching tube.
In order to reduce the volume and weight of converter, must improve switching frequency, the soft switch (being zero voltage switch or Zero Current Switch) that this will realistic existing switching tube is to reduce switching loss.At present existing soft switch in three electrical levels DC converter can be divided into two classes: zero voltage switch and zero-voltage and zero-current switch.Two switching tubes in the outside of three-level DC converter of zero-voltage switch can be realized zero voltage switch in very wide loading range, but two switching tubes of the inside can not be realized zero voltage switch when load is light; (patent No.: 00219197.0), its two switching tubes in outside can be realized zero voltage switch in very wide loading range, and two switching tubes in the inside can be realized Zero Current Switch in very wide loading range for the zero-voltage and zero-current switch three-level DC converter.Two switching tubes of outside can be selected MOSFET for use, and two switching tubes of the inside can be selected IGBT for use.For present device level, be easy to buy the IGBT (such as 1200V) of high pressure, so IGBT is with not bringing into play its advantage here.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soft switch of in wide loading range, realizing switch, can make full use of injectron IGBT, simultaneously input and output filter volume weight can be reduced again, and the zero-voltage and zero-current switch mixed type full-bridge three-level DC converter of converter dynamic characteristic can be improved.This DC converter comprises input dividing potential drop condenser network, the blocking capacitor circuit, and isolating transformer, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is characterized in, the inverter bridge circuit is made up of tri-level inversion brachium pontis and two-level inverter arm.Because a brachium pontis of this DC converter is three level brachium pontis, the voltage stress of its switching tube is half of input voltage, can realize zero voltage switch in very wide loading range, therefore can select MOSFET for use; Another brachium pontis is two level brachium pontis, is made up of two switching tubes, and the voltage stress of its switching tube is an input voltage, can realize Zero Current Switch in very wide loading range, therefore can select IGBT for use; The alternating current component of this converter output commutating voltage waveform is very little, therefore can reduce output filter greatly, thereby reduce the volume and weight of filter, and improve the dynamic characteristic of converter; The input current pulsation of this converter is very little, therefore can reduce input filter.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1, circuit of the present invention are formed schematic diagram.
The circuit embodiments figure of accompanying drawing 2-6, several different composition forms of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 7, main waveform schematic diagram of the present invention.
The schematic equivalent circuit of accompanying drawing 8-15, each switch mode of the present invention.
Label title in the accompanying drawing 1 in each frame of broken lines: 1, input dividing potential drop condenser network, 2, the tri-level inversion brachium pontis, 3, the two-level inverter arm, 4, the blocking capacitor circuit, 5, isolating transformer, 6, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.
Embodiment
1-6 narrates concrete composition of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing 1 is that basic circuit of the present invention is formed schematic diagram, in input dividing potential drop condenser network 1, and dividing potential drop capacitor C in 1And Cin 2Capacity equate that and very big, their voltage is half of input supply voltage Vin, i.e. Vcin 1=Vcin 2=Vin/2.
The formation of tri-level inversion brachium pontis 2 is four switching tube Q 1, Q 2, Q 3, Q 4Difference reverse parallel connection diode D 1, D 2, D 3, D 4Junction capacitance in parallel again (or external capacitor) C 1, C 2, C 3, C 4, switching tube Q wherein 1With Q 4Form advance pipe, Q 2With Q 3The sustained diode of two series connection respectively in parallel on the hysteresis pipe of forming 7, D 8With the connection capacitor C Ss, shunt capacitance C SsEffect be two couples of switching tube Q 1With Q 4And Q 2With Q 3Switching process couple together.When the converter steady operation, capacitor C SsOn voltage constant be Vin/2.Q 1, Q 2, Q 3, Q 4Voltage stress be half of input voltage, can in very wide loading range, realize zero voltage switch, therefore can select the switch mosfet pipe for use.
Two-level inverter arm 3 is by two switching tube Q 5With Q 6With two diode D 5With D 6Form.Two diode D 5, D 6Both can be respectively and corresponding switching tube Q 5, Q 6Series connection (as shown in Figure 1) also can be respectively and Q 5, Q 6(shown in accompanying drawing 2～6) in parallel, the voltage stress of its switching tube is an input voltage, can realize Zero Current Switch in very wide loading range, therefore can select injectron IGBT for use.
Blocking capacitor circuit 4 is used for realizing Q 5With Q 6Zero Current Switch.
Isolating transformer 5 all can adopt prior art with current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 6.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the pulsactor L of isolating transformer 5 former limit series connection in Fig. 1 s
Accompanying drawing 3 is with the blocking capacitor C among Fig. 1 bMove on to isolating transformer 5 secondary, with a switching tube Q bBe in series Q bThe S utmost point and output rectification two diode D R1, D R2Negative electrode link to each other blocking capacitor C bThe other end link to each other with the centre cap of isolating transformer 5 secondary windings.
Accompanying drawing 4 is with the blocking capacitor C among Fig. 1 bRemove, in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 6, add two diode D B1And D B2And capacitor C B1I.e. diode D B1With a capacitor C B1Be connected in parallel on the output of isolating transformer secondary after the series connection, another diode D B2Be connected across diode D B1, capacitor C B1Serial connection point and filter inductance L f, filter capacitor C fSerial connection point between.
Accompanying drawing 5 is same with the blocking capacitor C among Fig. 1 bRemove, in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 6, add two capacitor C B1And C B2And three diode D B1, D B2, and D B3, i.e. diode D B1With a capacitor C B1Be attempted by isolating transformer secondary output after the series connection, the another capacitor C B2With second diode D B2Be attempted by the input of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit after the series connection, the 3rd diode D B3On the serial connection point of above-mentioned two series circuits of cross-over connection.
Accompanying drawing 6 is with the blocking capacitor C among Fig. 1 bMove on in the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, in isolating transformer 5, increase by two secondary windings simultaneously, with three diode D A1, D A2, and D A3The common current reset circuit of forming.
Accompanying drawing 2-6 compares the difference that does not have in essence with accompanying drawing 1, but accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4 and accompanying drawing 5 can better suppress to export the due to voltage spikes on the rectifying tube.
Be example with accompanying drawing 1 below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 7～15 the narration concrete operation principle of the present invention, by accompanying drawing 7 as can be known whole converter 14 kinds of switch mode are arranged in a switch periods, respectively with (t 0(t constantly), 0t 1), (t 1t 2), (t 2t 3), (t 3t 4), (t 4t 5), (t 5t 6), (t 6t 7), (t 7t 8), (t 8t 9), (t 9t 10), (t 10t 11), (t 11t 12), (t 12t 13) (t 13t 14) (seeing accompanying drawing 7), wherein, (t 0t 7) be the preceding half period, (t 7t 14) be the later half cycle.Below to (t 0t 7) the working condition of each switch mode make a concrete analysis of.In accompanying drawing 7, made following hypothesis: a) two input dividing potential drop electric capacity is Vin/2 with two voltages respectively voltage source substitutes, and output filter circuit is output current I with an electric current 0Current source substitute.1, switch mode 0 (t 0Constantly) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 8)
At t 0Constantly, Q 1, Q 2And Q 6Conducting, v AB=V In, former limit powering load, primary current i pGive blocking capacitor C bCharging.Output rectifying tube D R1Conducting, D R2End.At t 0Constantly, i p=I P0=I 0/ K, wherein K is the former secondary turn ratio of transformer.C bVoltage be V Cb(t 0).2, switch mode 1 (t 0t 1) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 9)
t 1Constantly turn-off Q 1, i pGive C 1Capacitor C is passed through in charging simultaneously SsGive C 4Discharge.Because C is arranged 1And C 4, Q 1Be that no-voltage is turn-offed.This moment L LkAnd L fBe in series i pThe approximate I that keeps P0Constant.i pContinue to give C bCharging.C 1Voltage linear rise C 4Voltage linear descend.At t 1Constantly, C 1Voltage rise to V In/ 2 o'clock, C 4Voltage drop to 0, A point current potential is V In/ 2, D 7The nature conducting.3, switch mode 2 (t 1t 2) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 10)
Work as D 7After the conducting, C 4Voltage by pincers 0, therefore can no-voltage open Q 4Q 4With Q 1Dead Time t between the drive signal d(14)＞t 01In this section the period, v AB=V In/ 2, powering load, i are continued in former limit pGive C bCharging.4, switch mode 3 (t 2t 3) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 11) t 2Constantly turn-off Q 2, i pGive C 2Capacitor C is passed through in charging simultaneously SsGive C 3Discharge.Because C is arranged 2And C 3, Q 2Be that no-voltage is turn-offed.This moment L LkAnd L fBe in series i p=I P0I pContinue to give C bCharging is because C bVery big, can think that its voltage is constant substantially during this period.C 2Voltage linear rise C 3Voltage linear descend.At t 3Constantly, C 2Voltage rise to V In/ 2, C 3Voltage drop to 0, D 3The nature conducting.5, switch mode 4 (t 3t 4) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 12)
Work as D 3After the conducting, C 3Voltage by pincers 0, therefore can no-voltage open Q 3During this period, D 3, D 6And Q 6Conducting, v AB=0.v CbMake i pBegin to reduce i pBe not enough to provide load current, so D R1And D R2Conducting simultaneously, the former and deputy limit of transformer winding voltage is zero like this.This moment v CbAll be added in L LkOn, i pReduce v CbRise.Because L LkLess, and C bBigger, therefore can think v CbSubstantially constant in this switch mode, i pProximal line reduces.At i pDrop to zero.The duration of switch mode is: 6, switch mode 5 (t 4t 5) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 13)
In this switch mode, i pThe trend that reverse flow is arranged, but D 6Existence make i pRemain on zero, at this moment v B=-V CbpTwo rectifying tube conductings simultaneously, the load-sharing electric current.7, switch mode 6 (t 5t 6) (corresponding to accompanying drawing 14)
t 5Constantly turn-off Q 6, this moment Q 6In not electric current flow through so Q 6It is zero-current switching.After very little time-delay, open Q 5, because L LkExistence, i pCan not suddenly change Q 6It is zero current turning-on.Because i pBe not enough in load current is provided, two rectifying tube conductings simultaneously still, the former and deputy limit winding of transformer is clamped in no-voltage.Be added in L this moment LkOn voltage be-(V In+ V Cbp), i pStarting from scratch in the other direction, linearity increases.At t 6Constantly, i pBe increased to the load current I that converts former limit in the other direction 0/ K.The time of this switch mode is: 8, switch mode 7 (t 6t 7) (respective figure 14)
From t 6Constantly begin, former limit provides energy for load, gives C simultaneously bReverse charging.D R1Turn-off, all load currents all flow through D R2
At t 7Constantly, turn-off Q 4, begin another half period (t 7t 14), the situation of its work is similar to previously described (t 0T 7).
Example of the present invention is as follows: input ac voltage 380V/50HZ alternating current is V through obtaining direct voltage behind the rectifying and wave-filtering In=530VDC; Output dc voltage is V 0=54VDC; Output current I 0=50A; The former secondary turn ratio of transformer K=7; Output inductor is L f=10 μ H; Output filter capacitor is C f=10000 μ F; Connect capacitor C SsBe 2.2 μ F; Switching tube Q 1-Q 4(comprise its anti-and diode D 1-D 4With junction capacitance C 1-C 4) be MOSFET (model is IRF460); Switching tube Q 5And Q 6Be IGBT (model is CT60AM-20); Diode D 5, D 6, D 7, and D 8Be DSEI130-06A; Output rectifier diode D R1And D R2Be MEK95-06DA; Switching frequency is f s=50kHZ.
As seen from the above description, the three-level zero-voltage switch DC convertor of the band clamp diode of the present invention's proposition has following advantage:
1, this converter brachium pontis is three level brachium pontis, and the voltage stress of its switching tube is half of input voltage, can realize zero voltage switch in very wide loading range, therefore can select MOSFET for use;
2, another brachium pontis is two level brachium pontis, is made up of two switching tubes, and the voltage stress of its switching tube is an input voltage, can realize Zero Current Switch in very wide loading range, therefore can select IGBT for use.
3, the alternating current component of this converter output commutating voltage waveform is very little, therefore can reduce output filter greatly, thereby reduce the volume and weight of filter, and improve the dynamic characteristic of converter.
4, the pulsation of the input current of this converter is very little, therefore can reduce input filter.

Claims (3)

1、一种零电压零电流开关混合型全桥三电平直流变换器包括输入分压电容电路、阻断电容电路、隔离变压器、整流滤波电路，其特征在于，还包括由三电平逆变桥臂和两电平逆变桥臂构成全桥式电路，即三电平逆变桥臂中的两只互相串联的开关管与两电平逆变桥臂中一桥臂的一只开关管构成一对桥臂，而三电平逆变桥臂中另一桥臂的两只相互串联的开关管与两电平逆变桥臂中的另一桥臂的一只开关管构成另一对桥臂，此桥式电路的输入端连于分压电容电路输出端，桥式电路的输出端通过阻断电容电路连于隔离变压器初级绕组。1. A zero-voltage zero-current switch hybrid full-bridge three-level DC converter includes an input voltage dividing capacitor circuit, a blocking capacitor circuit, an isolation transformer, and a rectifying and filtering circuit, and is characterized in that it also includes a three-level inverter The bridge arm and the two-level inverter bridge arm constitute a full-bridge circuit, that is, two switch tubes connected in series in the three-level inverter bridge arm and one switch tube in one bridge arm of the two-level inverter bridge arm A pair of bridge arms is formed, and two switch tubes connected in series in the other bridge arm of the three-level inverter bridge arm and a switch tube of the other bridge arm in the two-level inverter bridge arm form another pair The bridge arm, the input end of the bridge circuit is connected to the output end of the voltage dividing capacitor circuit, and the output end of the bridge circuit is connected to the primary winding of the isolation transformer through the blocking capacitor circuit. 2、依据权利要求1所述的零电压零电流开关混合型全桥三电平直流变换器，其特征在于，三电平逆变桥臂的组成是，四只开关管各自分别反向并联二极管和电容，在第二个开关管的阴极与第三个开关管的阳极之间分别并联互相串联的二个二极管和联结电容，其中二个二极管的串接点连于输入分压电容电路的两个电容的串接点。2. According to the zero-voltage zero-current switching hybrid full-bridge three-level DC converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the composition of the three-level inverter bridge arm is that each of the four switch tubes is connected in reverse parallel with a diode And capacitance, between the cathode of the second switch tube and the anode of the third switch tube, two diodes and connection capacitors are connected in parallel and connected in series, and the series connection point of the two diodes is connected to two of the input voltage dividing capacitor circuit The series connection point of the capacitor. 3、依据权利要求1或2所述的零电压零电流开关混合型全桥三电平直流变换器，其特征在于，两电平逆变桥臂由两只开关管各自分别串联或并联一个二极管所组成。3. The zero-voltage zero-current switch hybrid full-bridge three-level DC converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two-level inverter bridge arm is composed of two switch tubes connected in series or in parallel with a diode respectively composed of.
CN01127182A 2001-09-07 2001-09-07 Mixed bridge-type zero-voltage and zero-current switch three level DC converter Expired - Fee Related CN1120561C (en)

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CN100571006C (en) * 2006-05-16 2009-12-16 中国科学院电工研究所 Bidirectional three-level soft-switching DC/DC converter for superconducting energy storage and its control method
US7375984B2 (en) * 2006-06-16 2008-05-20 Astec Custom Power (Hk) Ltd. Zero voltage zero current switching converter
CN101494419B (en) * 2008-01-21 2011-05-18 许继集团有限公司 High efficiency zero voltage, zero current whole bridge converter
CN101599713B (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-09-14 华中科技大学 Three-level inverter of single-phase mixed bridge
CN102355152B (en) * 2011-10-09 2014-03-12 西安爱科赛博电气股份有限公司 Control method of flying capacitor hybrid three-level DC-AC (Direct Current-Alternating Current) inverter
CN102611342B (en) * 2012-03-13 2014-10-08 华为技术有限公司 three-level inverter
CN107070232B (en) * 2017-01-06 2019-07-16 南京工业大学 A molecular cleavage AC drive
CN109120171B (en) * 2017-06-22 2021-10-29 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 Multi-level inverter system for generating power frequency alternating current under control of high-frequency switch
CN111313708B (en) * 2020-01-13 2021-07-27 北京理工大学 A full bridge DC-DC converter
CN112564524A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-03-26 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 Active self-adaptive auxiliary network and method applied to direct current charging module
CN119420183B (en) * 2024-10-31 2025-07-29 南京杰芯源科技有限公司 ZCT soft switch DC/DC converter

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