CN111497843A - Driving assistance system, brake control unit and brake control method thereof - Google Patents

Driving assistance system, brake control unit and brake control method thereof Download PDF

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CN111497843A
CN111497843A CN201910086273.5A CN201910086273A CN111497843A CN 111497843 A CN111497843 A CN 111497843A CN 201910086273 A CN201910086273 A CN 201910086273A CN 111497843 A CN111497843 A CN 111497843A
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braking force
vehicle
host vehicle
braking
target
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CN111497843B (en
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钱驰
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18109Braking
    • B60W30/18118Hill holding

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a driving assistance system, a brake control unit and a brake control method thereof. The brake control unit (130) according to the invention comprises: an acquisition module (131) configured to acquire a driving state of a preceding vehicle and a host vehicle during climbing, wherein at least the speed of the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle and the distance between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle are included; a processing module (132) configured to determine whether the driving assistance system (100) of the host vehicle needs to brake the host vehicle based on the acquired running state, acquire a target deceleration of the host vehicle and calculate a first term of braking force according to the target deceleration when it is determined that the braking of the host vehicle is needed, and calculate a second term of braking force according to a gradient value of a road where the host vehicle is located; a braking force determination module (133) configured to determine a target braking force required by the driving assistance system (100) to apply braking to the host vehicle, based on the first and second braking forces.

Description

驾驶辅助系统及其制动控制单元和制动控制方法Driving assistance system, brake control unit and brake control method thereof

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及辅助驾驶的技术领域,尤其涉及驾驶辅助系统及其制动控制单元和制动控制方法。The present application relates to the technical field of assisted driving, and in particular, to a driving assistance system, a brake control unit and a brake control method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

驾驶辅助系统利用安装在车上的各式各样传感器,在汽车行驶过程中随时感应周围的环境,收集数据,进行系统的运算与分析,从而有效增加汽车驾驶的舒适性和安全性。The driving assistance system uses various sensors installed on the car to sense the surrounding environment at any time during the driving process of the car, collect data, and perform systematic calculation and analysis, thereby effectively increasing the comfort and safety of car driving.

自适应巡航控制系统(ACC)是驾驶辅助系统中的一种智能化自动控制系统。根据采用ACC的技术方案,在车辆行驶过程中,安装在车辆前部的车距传感器(雷达)持续扫描车辆前方道路,同时轮速传感器获取车速信号,ACC系统的控制单元根据雷达探测的信号来控制车辆的制动过程。但是,现有的ACC在控制车辆制动时,通常存在噪声、振动与声振粗糙度(NVH)表现不佳的问题。并且,现有的ACC在控制车辆制动时,通常不会识别车辆所在道路是平坦的道路还是有坡度的道路,从而在车辆爬坡跟停的情况下,无法为车辆提供适合的制动控制。Adaptive cruise control (ACC) is an intelligent automatic control system in driver assistance systems. According to the technical solution using ACC, the distance sensor (radar) installed at the front of the vehicle continuously scans the road in front of the vehicle while the vehicle is running, while the wheel speed sensor obtains the vehicle speed signal, and the control unit of the ACC system uses the signal detected by the radar to detect Control the braking process of the vehicle. However, the existing ACC usually has the problem of poor noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance when controlling vehicle braking. In addition, when the existing ACC controls the braking of the vehicle, it usually does not recognize whether the road where the vehicle is located is a flat road or a sloped road, so that when the vehicle is climbing and stopping, it cannot provide suitable braking control for the vehicle. .

因此,希望为在爬坡过程中需要刹停的车辆提供一种改进的制动控制的技术方案。Therefore, it is desirable to provide a technical solution for improved braking control for vehicles that need to be braked during hill climbing.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

鉴于现有技术中的上述问题,本申请提供了一种驾驶辅助系统及其制动控制的技术方案,其能够为在爬坡过程中需要刹停的车辆提供合适的制动控制,从而提高了制动过程的安全性和舒适性。In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a driving assistance system and a technical solution for braking control thereof, which can provide suitable braking control for a vehicle that needs to be braked during a hill climb, thereby improving the Safety and comfort during braking.

为此,根据本申请的一个方面,提供了一种用在驾驶辅助系统中的制动控制单元,其包括:获取模块,配置为在爬坡期间获取前车与本车的行驶状态,其中至少包括前车与本车的速度以及前车与本车之间的距离;处理模块,配置为基于所获取的行驶状态判断本车的驾驶辅助系统是否需要对本车实施制动,在判断为需要对本车实施制动时,获取本车的目标减速度并根据所述目标减速度计算制动力第一项,并且根据本车所在道路的坡度值计算制动力第二项;以及制动力确定模块,配置为根据所述制动力第一项和所述制动力第二项确定所述驾驶辅助系统对本车实施制动所需的目标制动力。To this end, according to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a brake control unit used in a driving assistance system, which includes: an acquisition module configured to acquire the driving states of the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle during hill climbing, wherein at least Including the speed of the vehicle in front and the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle in front and the vehicle; the processing module is configured to determine whether the driving assistance system of the vehicle needs to brake the vehicle based on the obtained driving state. When the vehicle brakes, obtain the target deceleration of the vehicle and calculate the first item of the braking force according to the target deceleration, and calculate the second item of the braking force according to the gradient value of the road where the vehicle is located; and a braking force determination module, configured The target braking force required by the driving assistance system to brake the vehicle is determined according to the first term of the braking force and the second term of the braking force.

由此可见,根据本申请的技术方案,在为爬坡过程中需要刹停的车辆确定制动力时,考虑了道路坡度对制动的影响,从而能够为制动过程提供适合的目标制动力。It can be seen that, according to the technical solution of the present application, when determining the braking force for the vehicle that needs to stop during the climbing process, the influence of the road gradient on the braking is considered, so that a suitable target braking force can be provided for the braking process.

根据上述技术构思,本申请可进一步包括任何一个或多个如下的可选形式。According to the above technical idea, the present application may further include any one or more of the following optional forms.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,所述获取模块还获取所述驾驶辅助系统对本车实施制动期间由本车的动力系提供给本车的驱动力;所述处理模块还配置为根据所述驱动力计算制动力第三项;所述制动力确定模块根据所述制动力第一项、所述制动力第二项和所述制动力第三项确定所述目标制动力。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, the obtaining module further obtains the driving force provided to the vehicle by the powertrain of the vehicle during the braking of the vehicle by the driving assistance system; the processing module is further configured to The driving force calculates a third item of braking force; the braking force determination module determines the target braking force according to the first item of braking force, the second item of braking force and the third item of braking force.

在为上坡过程中刹停的车辆确定制动力时,除了考虑了道路坡度对制动的影响以外,还考虑了驱动力的影响,从而能够为制动过程提供更适合的目标制动力,制动过程更为柔和,提升了用户体验。When determining the braking force for the vehicle that stops during the uphill process, in addition to the influence of the road gradient on the braking, the influence of the driving force is also considered, so that a more suitable target braking force can be provided for the braking process. The movement process is softer and the user experience is improved.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,所述处理模块通过以下方式获得所述坡度值:由本车的坡度传感器测得并提供给所述处理模块;或者所述处理模块根据由本车的纵向加速度传感器的测量值和本车的当前减速度计算出所述坡度值。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, the processing module obtains the gradient value in the following manner: measured by the gradient sensor of the vehicle and provided to the processing module; or the processing module is based on the longitudinal acceleration sensor of the vehicle The gradient value is calculated from the measured value of , and the current deceleration of the vehicle.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,计算所述制动力第二项包括:在包含坡度值与制动力修正值之间对应关系的对照表中确定所述制动力第二项。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, calculating the second term of the braking force includes: determining the second term of the braking force in a comparison table including a corresponding relationship between the gradient value and the braking force correction value.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,获取本车的目标减速度包括:处理模块基于前车与本车的速度以及前车与本车之间的距离计算出所述目标减速度;或者处理模块对驾驶辅助系统的雷达装置提供的目标减速度进行数据处理,并将经处理的目标减速度作为所述目标减速度。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, acquiring the target deceleration of the vehicle includes: the processing module calculates the target deceleration based on the speed of the preceding vehicle and the vehicle and the distance between the preceding vehicle and the vehicle; or the processing module calculates the target deceleration Data processing is performed on the target deceleration provided by the radar device of the driving assistance system, and the processed target deceleration is used as the target deceleration.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,所述处理模块判断本车的驾驶辅助系统是否需要对本车实施制动包括:在基于前车与本车的速度以及前车与本车之间的距离确定为需要本车刹停时,计算出本车的目标制动时间;将目标制动时间与所述驾驶辅助系统规定的制动时间阈值相比较;当目标制动时间符合所述制动时间阈值时,生成指示符合时间阈值的第一指令。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, the processing module judging whether the driving assistance system of the vehicle needs to perform braking on the vehicle includes: determining based on the speed of the vehicle in front and the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle in front and the vehicle Calculate the target braking time of the vehicle when the vehicle needs to be stopped; compare the target braking time with the braking time threshold specified by the driving assistance system; when the target braking time meets the braking time threshold , generating a first instruction indicating compliance with the time threshold.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,所述获取模块响应于所述第一指令获取所述驾驶辅助系统对本车施加的当前制动力;所述处理模块将当前制动力与目标制动力相比较,并且在判定为当前制动力小于目标制动力时,生成指示增加当前制动力的第二指令。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, the obtaining module obtains the current braking force applied by the driving assistance system to the vehicle in response to the first instruction; the processing module compares the current braking force with the target braking force, And when it is determined that the current braking force is smaller than the target braking force, a second command instructing to increase the current braking force is generated.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,所述制动控制单元还包括制动力控制模块,配置为响应于所述第一指令和所述第二指令控制当前制动力开始增加,直至达到目标制动力为止。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, the braking control unit further includes a braking force control module configured to control the current braking force to start increasing in response to the first command and the second command until the target braking force is reached until.

根据本申请的一种可行实施方式,所述制动力控制模块还配置为:设置用于增加制动力的执行时间;根据所述执行时间以及目标制动力来确定增加制动力的梯度;控制当前制动力以所述梯度增加至目标制动力。According to a feasible implementation manner of the present application, the braking force control module is further configured to: set an execution time for increasing the braking force; determine the gradient of increasing the braking force according to the execution time and the target braking force; control the current braking force Power is increased to the target braking force at the gradient.

由此可见,根据该实施方式,通过调节执行时间来调节增加制动力的梯度。也就是说,通过调节执行时间来使得本车刹停过程快一些或者慢一些,例如,根据用户的感受或需求在适当范围内调节执行时间,从而使得整个制动过程更人性化,进一步提升了用户体验。It can be seen that, according to this embodiment, the gradient of increasing the braking force is adjusted by adjusting the execution time. That is to say, by adjusting the execution time, the braking process of the vehicle can be made faster or slower. For example, the execution time can be adjusted within an appropriate range according to the user's feelings or needs, so that the entire braking process is more humanized and further improved. user experience.

本申请在其另一个方面提供一种用于驾驶辅助系统中的制动控制方法,可选地,借助根据上述的制动控制单元实施,所述制动控制方法包括:在本车爬坡期间获取前车与本车的行驶状态,其中至少包括前车与本车的速度以及前车与本车之间的距离;基于所获取的行驶状态判断本车的驾驶辅助系统是否需要对本车实施制动,在判断为需要对本车实施制动时,获取本车的目标减速度并根据所述目标减速度计算制动力第一项,并且根据本车所在道路的坡度值计算制动力第二项;以及根据所述制动力第一项和所述制动力第二项确定所述驾驶辅助系统对本车实施制动所需的目标制动力。The present application provides, in another aspect thereof, a braking control method for use in a driving assistance system, optionally implemented by means of the above-mentioned braking control unit, the braking control method comprising: during a hill-climbing of the host vehicle Obtain the driving status of the vehicle in front and the vehicle, including at least the speed of the vehicle in front and the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle in front and the vehicle; based on the obtained driving status, determine whether the driving assistance system of the vehicle needs to implement control on the vehicle. When it is determined that the vehicle needs to be braked, the target deceleration of the vehicle is obtained, the first item of braking force is calculated according to the target deceleration, and the second item of braking force is calculated according to the gradient value of the road where the vehicle is located; and determining the target braking force required by the driving assistance system to brake the vehicle according to the first term of braking force and the second term of braking force.

本申请在其又一个方面提供了一种驾驶辅助系统,尤其是自适应巡航控制系统,其包括:雷达装置,测量前车与本车之间的距离;以及稳定性装置,与所述雷达装置耦接,并包括如上所述的制动控制单元,可选地,稳定性装置配置为响应于来自雷达装置的减速请求信号生成触发信号,以激活所述制动控制单元。In yet another aspect of the present application, there is provided a driving assistance system, especially an adaptive cruise control system, comprising: a radar device, which measures the distance between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle; and a stability device, which is connected with the radar device coupled to and comprising a brake control unit as described above, optionally the stabilization device is configured to generate a trigger signal to activate the brake control unit in response to a deceleration request signal from the radar device.

根据本申请的技术方案,能够在为爬坡过程中需要刹停的车辆确定合适的制动力时,例如,在确定目标制动力的过程中,考虑了道路坡度对制动的影响,可选地,还考虑驱动力对制动的影响,进一步可选地,还能够在适当范围内调节增加制动力的梯度,从而提供了安全性和舒适性更佳的制动控制方案。According to the technical solution of the present application, when determining an appropriate braking force for a vehicle that needs to be braked during the climbing process, for example, in the process of determining the target braking force, the influence of the road gradient on braking can be considered, optionally , the influence of the driving force on the braking is also considered, and further optionally, the gradient of increasing the braking force can be adjusted within an appropriate range, thereby providing a braking control scheme with better safety and comfort.

附图说明Description of drawings

本发明的特征、特点、优点和益处通过以下结合附图的详细描述将变得显而易见。The features, characteristics, advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

图1例示了按照本申请的一种可行实施方式的驾驶辅助系统的示意性框图。FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a driving assistance system according to a possible embodiment of the present application.

图2例示了图1中驾驶辅助系统的制动控制单元的示意性框图。FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a brake control unit of the driving assistance system of FIG. 1 .

图3例示了按照本申请的一种可行实施方式的用于驾驶辅助系统的制动控制方法的流程图。FIG. 3 illustrates a flowchart of a braking control method for a driving assistance system according to a possible embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面,结合附图详细描述本申请的各个实施例。Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本申请总体上涉及一种驾驶辅助技术,用于为在爬坡过程中需要刹停的车辆提供制动控制。The present application generally relates to a driving assistance technology for providing braking control for a vehicle that requires braking during a hill climb.

图1示意性地显示了按照本申请的一种可行实施方式的驾驶辅助系统100。驾驶辅助系统100设置在车辆上,包括雷达装置110和稳定性装置120。所述驾驶辅助系统100可以配置为自适应巡航控制系统。FIG. 1 schematically shows a driving assistance system 100 according to a possible embodiment of the present application. The driving assistance system 100 is provided on the vehicle and includes a radar device 110 and a stabilization device 120 . The driving assistance system 100 may be configured as an adaptive cruise control system.

在本实施例中,雷达装置110用于探测前车与本车的行驶状态,例如,前车与本车之间的距离。雷达装置110还可以探测前车与本车之间的相对方位等信息。In this embodiment, the radar device 110 is used to detect the driving state of the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle, for example, the distance between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle. The radar device 110 can also detect information such as the relative orientation between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle.

在本实施例中,稳定性装置120(例如,ESP)经由总线系统与雷达装置110交互信号。例如,稳定性装置120从雷达装置110接收其探测到的距离信号。稳定性装置120包括制动控制单元130,用于在本车爬坡过程中,判断是否需要为本车实施制动。制动控制单元130还用于在判断为需要实施制动时,计算出目标制动力。可选地,制动控制单元130还可以用于确定增加制动力的梯度。In this embodiment, the stabilization device 120 (eg, ESP) exchanges signals with the radar device 110 via a bus system. For example, the stabilization device 120 receives its detected distance signal from the radar device 110 . The stability device 120 includes a braking control unit 130, which is used to determine whether the vehicle needs to be braked during the climbing process of the vehicle. The braking control unit 130 is further configured to calculate the target braking force when it is determined that the braking needs to be implemented. Optionally, the brake control unit 130 may also be used to determine a gradient of increased braking force.

在本实施例中,稳定性装置120与雷达装置110通过车内网络和总线系统(例如,CAN总线)进行通信,即,在稳定性装置120与雷达装置110之间以通信协议规定的周期来传输信号。例如,以通信周期(例如,20ms)将雷达装置110探测到距离等信号传输给稳定性装置120。In this embodiment, the stabilization device 120 and the radar device 110 communicate via the in-vehicle network and a bus system (eg, CAN bus), that is, the communication between the stabilization device 120 and the radar device 110 is performed at a period specified by the communication protocol. Transmission signal. For example, a signal such as the distance detected by the radar device 110 is transmitted to the stabilization device 120 in a communication period (eg, 20 ms).

根据一种具体实施方式,雷达装置110可以包括雷达传感器(未示出)和与雷达传感器耦接的电控单元(未示出)。雷达传感器用于探测前车与本车之间的距离信息。电控单元从稳定性装置120接收本车速度信号,并基于该速度信号和探测到的前车与本车之间的距离计算出前车速度。在一些实施例中,电控单元可以基于前车与本车的速度以及前车与本车之间距离确定为本车需要刹停并生成用于请求本车静止的静止请求信号,并且将该静止请求信号发送给稳定性装置120。According to a specific embodiment, the radar device 110 may include a radar sensor (not shown) and an electronic control unit (not shown) coupled to the radar sensor. The radar sensor is used to detect the distance information between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle. The electronic control unit receives the vehicle speed signal from the stabilization device 120, and calculates the speed of the preceding vehicle based on the speed signal and the detected distance between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle. In some embodiments, the electronic control unit may determine that the vehicle needs to stop based on the speed of the vehicle in front and the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle in front and the vehicle, generate a stationary request signal for requesting the vehicle to be stationary, and use the The stillness request signal is sent to the stabilization device 120 .

在一些实施例中,电控单元可以根据前车与本车的速度和前车与本车之间的距离确定本车从当前速度减速至速度为零的目标减速度,并将所确定的目标减速度提供给稳定性装置120。稳定性装置120对所接收的目标减速度进行数据处理(例如,平滑滤波等),并采用经处理的目标减速度来计算目标制动力。In some embodiments, the electronic control unit may determine the target deceleration for the vehicle to decelerate from the current speed to zero according to the speed of the preceding vehicle and the vehicle and the distance between the preceding vehicle and the vehicle, and decelerate the determined target The deceleration is provided to the stabilization device 120 . The stabilization device 120 performs data processing (eg, smoothing filtering, etc.) on the received target deceleration, and uses the processed target deceleration to calculate a target braking force.

在一些实施例中,稳定性装置120的制动控制单元130在稳定性装置120开启后一直处于待机状态,并且可以选择性地被激活。例如,稳定性装置120响应于来自雷达装置110的减速需求信号而生成触发信号,以激活制动控制单元130。In some embodiments, the brake control unit 130 of the stabilization device 120 is always in a standby state after the stabilization device 120 is turned on, and can be selectively activated. For example, the stabilization device 120 generates a trigger signal to activate the brake control unit 130 in response to a deceleration demand signal from the radar device 110 .

图2示出了图1中的制动控制单元130的示意性框图。以下具体介绍制动控制单元130及其操作过程。FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of the brake control unit 130 in FIG. 1 . The following describes the brake control unit 130 and its operation process in detail.

参见图2,制动控制单元130主要包括获取模块131、处理模块132和制动力确定模块133。获取模块131用于在本车爬坡期间获取前车与本车的行驶状态,其中至少包括前车与本车的速度以及前车与本车之间的距离。处理模块132基于所获取的行驶状态判断本车的驾驶辅助系统100是否需要对本车实施制动,在判断为需要对本车实施制动时获取本车的目标减速度并根据该目标减速度计算出制动力第一项F1。处理模块132还根据本车所在道路的坡度值计算出制动力第二项F2。制动力确定模块133用于根据制动力第一项F1和制动力第二项F2确定驾驶辅助系统100对本车实施制动所需的目标制动力。例如,目标制动力可以为F1-F2,或是与F1和F2相关的函数。需注意,F2与F1的正负号相反。Referring to FIG. 2 , the braking control unit 130 mainly includes an acquisition module 131 , a processing module 132 and a braking force determination module 133 . The obtaining module 131 is used for obtaining the driving state of the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle during the climbing period of the own vehicle, which at least includes the speed of the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle and the distance between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle. The processing module 132 determines whether the driving assistance system 100 of the vehicle needs to brake the vehicle based on the obtained driving state, and when it is determined that the vehicle needs to be braked, the target deceleration of the vehicle is obtained and calculated according to the target deceleration. Braking power first F1. The processing module 132 also calculates the second term F2 of the braking force according to the gradient value of the road where the vehicle is located. The braking force determination module 133 is configured to determine the target braking force required by the driving assistance system 100 to brake the host vehicle according to the first term of braking force F1 and the second term of braking force F2. For example, the target braking force can be F1-F2, or a function related to F1 and F2. It should be noted that the sign of F2 is opposite to that of F1.

由此可见,根据本申请的实施例,在为爬坡过程中需要刹停的车辆确定制动力时,考虑了道路坡度对制动的影响,例如,基于坡度阻力和滚动阻力来修正目标制动力,从而能够为制动过程提供适合的目标制动力。It can be seen that, according to the embodiments of the present application, when determining the braking force for the vehicle that needs to be stopped during the climbing process, the influence of the road gradient on the braking is considered, for example, the target braking force is corrected based on the gradient resistance and the rolling resistance , so that a suitable target braking force can be provided for the braking process.

处理模块132可以根据公式F=ma来计算制动力第一项F1,其中,F为所述制动力第一项F1,m是本车及其内容物的重量,a是所述目标减速度。在一些实施例中,处理模块132根据从雷达装置110接收到的数据信息以及驾驶辅助系统100的速度传感器的测量值来计算目标减速度,并采用该目标减速来计算制动力第一项F1。在另一些实施例中,如上所述,雷达装置110基于前车和本车的行驶状态确定出目标减速度并将该目标减速度提供给处理模块132。处理模块132对所接收的目标减速度进行数据处理(例如,滤波)并采用经处理的目标减速度来计算制动力第一项F1。The processing module 132 may calculate the first term F1 of the braking force according to the formula F=ma, where F is the first term F1 of the braking force, m is the weight of the vehicle and its contents, and a is the target deceleration. In some embodiments, the processing module 132 calculates the target deceleration according to the data information received from the radar device 110 and the measurement value of the speed sensor of the driving assistance system 100, and uses the target deceleration to calculate the first term F1 of the braking force. In other embodiments, as described above, the radar device 110 determines the target deceleration based on the driving state of the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle and provides the target deceleration to the processing module 132 . The processing module 132 performs data processing (eg, filtering) on the received target deceleration and uses the processed target deceleration to calculate a braking force first term F1.

处理模块132可以从包含坡度值与制动力修正值之间对应关系的对照表中确定制动力第二项F2。例如,在该对照表面中,各坡度值范围分别对应于不同的制动力第二项F2。在该对照表的对应关系中,针对车辆制动考虑了与坡度值相关的两种力的因素,即重力和滚动阻力。该对照表例如是预先制作好并存储在驾驶辅助系统的存储器(未示出)中的。The processing module 132 may determine the braking force second term F2 from a look-up table that includes a correspondence between the gradient value and the braking force correction value. For example, in the comparison surface, each gradient value range corresponds to a different second term F2 of the braking force, respectively. In the correspondence of this look-up table, two force factors related to the gradient value, namely gravity and rolling resistance, are considered for vehicle braking. The look-up table is, for example, pre-made and stored in a memory (not shown) of the driver assistance system.

在一些实施例中,本车具有坡度传感器,用于测量当前道路坡度值,并将测得的坡度值提供给处理模块132。在另一些实施例中,本车可能不具有坡度传感器,替代地,本车具有纵向加速度传感器和用于测量本车当前的减速度的加速度传感器。处理模块132根据纵向加速度传感器的测量值和本车的当前减速度计算出当前道路的坡度值。In some embodiments, the host vehicle has a gradient sensor for measuring the current road gradient value and providing the measured gradient value to the processing module 132 . In other embodiments, the host vehicle may not have a gradient sensor, instead, the host vehicle has a longitudinal acceleration sensor and an acceleration sensor for measuring the current deceleration of the host vehicle. The processing module 132 calculates the gradient value of the current road according to the measurement value of the longitudinal acceleration sensor and the current deceleration of the vehicle.

在一些情况下,车辆的动力系在车辆爬坡期间会为车辆提供驱动力。在该情况下的实施例中,获取模块131还获取驾驶辅助系统100对本车实施制动期间由本车的动力系提供给本车的驱动力。处理模块132根据该驱动力计算出制动力第三项F3。制动力确定模块133根据制动力第一项F1、制动力第二项F2和制动力第三项F3确定目标制动力。例如,目标制动力可以为F1-F2+F3,或是与F1、F2、F3相关的函数。在该实施例中,在坡度较大的情况下,重力影响较大,驱动力可能不足以抵消掉重力,则制动力主要用于抵消重力沿与坡道平行方向的分量。在坡度较小的情况下,重力影响较小,重力沿与坡道平行方向的分量不足以抵消掉驱动力,则需要制动力一起来抵消驱动力。In some cases, the vehicle's powertrain provides propulsion for the vehicle during a hill climb. In the embodiment in this case, the obtaining module 131 also obtains the driving force provided to the vehicle by the powertrain of the vehicle during the braking of the vehicle by the driving assistance system 100 . The processing module 132 calculates the third term F3 of the braking force according to the driving force. The braking force determination module 133 determines the target braking force according to the first term of braking force F1, the second term of braking force F2, and the third term of braking force F3. For example, the target braking force can be F1-F2+F3, or a function related to F1, F2, and F3. In this embodiment, when the gradient is relatively large, the influence of gravity is relatively large, and the driving force may not be enough to offset the gravity, and the braking force is mainly used to offset the component of the gravity along the direction parallel to the slope. In the case of a small gradient, the influence of gravity is small, and the component of gravity in the direction parallel to the slope is not enough to offset the driving force, and the braking force is required to counteract the driving force.

由此可见,根据本申请的实施例,在为上坡过程中刹停的车辆确定制动力时,除了考虑了道路坡度对制动的影响以外,还考虑了驱动力的影响,从而能够为制动过程提供更适合的目标制动力,制动过程更为柔和,提升了用户体验。It can be seen that, according to the embodiments of the present application, when determining the braking force for the vehicle that brakes during the uphill process, in addition to the influence of the road gradient on the braking, the influence of the driving force is also considered, so that the braking force can be determined for the braking force. The braking process provides a more suitable target braking force, the braking process is softer, and the user experience is improved.

以下描述处理模块132判断驾驶辅助系统100是否需要对本车实施制动的过程。The following describes the process by which the processing module 132 determines whether the driving assistance system 100 needs to perform braking on the vehicle.

首先,处理模块132判断目标制动时间是否满足制动时间阈值。制动时间阈值是驾驶辅助系统100为本车规定的制动时间门限值。在一些实施例中,驾驶辅助系统100可以根据本车所在道路的坡度值来为本车设定制动时间阈值。例如,将制动时间阈值设定为随着坡度值增大而增大。也就是说,在坡度值大的情况下,需要早一点实施制动。First, the processing module 132 determines whether the target braking time meets the braking time threshold. The braking time threshold value is the braking time threshold value specified by the driving assistance system 100 for the vehicle. In some embodiments, the driving assistance system 100 may set a braking time threshold for the vehicle according to the gradient value of the road where the vehicle is located. For example, the braking time threshold is set to increase as the gradient value increases. That is, when the gradient value is large, it is necessary to apply braking earlier.

处理模块132计算目标制动时间包括反馈计算和前馈计算两种情况。当车速较大时,例如大于等于预定速度阈值,则处理模块132采用反馈计算来计算出目标制动时间,即,根据本车的当前车速(例如,由车速传感器测得)和当前减速度(例如,由加速度传感器测得)来计算目标制动时间。也就是说,当车速大于等于预定阈值时,处理模块132根据公式t=v/a来计算目标制动时间。当车速减小到小于预定速度阈值时,根据该公式计算就不准确了,以前馈计算方式计算更为准确,即以周期性递减的方式来计算目标制动时间,该周期指上述通信周期。也就是说,当车速小于预定速度阈值时,通过在每个通信周期递减一时间段的方式来确定目标制动时间。The calculation of the target braking time by the processing module 132 includes feedback calculation and feedforward calculation. When the vehicle speed is relatively high, for example, greater than or equal to a predetermined speed threshold, the processing module 132 uses feedback calculation to calculate the target braking time, that is, according to the current vehicle speed (eg, measured by the vehicle speed sensor) and the current deceleration ( For example, measured by an acceleration sensor) to calculate the target braking time. That is, when the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the processing module 132 calculates the target braking time according to the formula t=v/a. When the vehicle speed is reduced to less than the predetermined speed threshold, the calculation according to this formula is inaccurate, and the feedforward calculation method is more accurate, that is, the target braking time is calculated in a periodic decreasing manner, and the period refers to the above-mentioned communication period. That is, when the vehicle speed is less than a predetermined speed threshold, the target braking time is determined by decrementing a period of time every communication cycle.

处理模块132以上述方式一直计算目标制动时间,直到计算出的目标制动时间减小至制动时间阈值时,处理模块132判断为目标制动时间满足制动时间阈值,并生成指示符合时间阈值的第一指令。获取模块131响应于第一指令获取本车的当前制动力。也就是说,在计算出的目标制动力减小至制动时间阈值时,获取模块131获取该时刻的当前制动力。处理模块132将当前制动力与计算出的目标制动力相比较,当确定为当前制动力大于等于目标制动力时,处理模块132判断为制动控制单元130不执行制动控制。当处理模块132判断为当前制动力小于目标制动力时,生成指示增加当前制动力的第二指令。The processing module 132 has been calculating the target braking time in the above-mentioned manner, until the calculated target braking time is reduced to the braking time threshold, the processing module 132 determines that the target braking time meets the braking time threshold, and generates an indication that the time meets the braking time. Threshold for the first instruction. The obtaining module 131 obtains the current braking force of the vehicle in response to the first instruction. That is to say, when the calculated target braking force decreases to the braking time threshold, the obtaining module 131 obtains the current braking force at this moment. The processing module 132 compares the current braking force with the calculated target braking force, and when it is determined that the current braking force is greater than or equal to the target braking force, the processing module 132 determines that the braking control unit 130 does not perform braking control. When the processing module 132 determines that the current braking force is less than the target braking force, a second instruction instructing to increase the current braking force is generated.

为了控制从当前制动力至达到目标制动力的制动力增加过程,制动控制单元130还包括制动力控制模块134。制动力控制模块134响应于第一指令和第二指令控制本车制动系统开始增加当前制动力,直至达到目标制动力为止。In order to control the braking force increase process from the current braking force to reaching the target braking force, the braking control unit 130 further includes a braking force control module 134 . The braking force control module 134 controls the vehicle braking system to start increasing the current braking force in response to the first command and the second command until the target braking force is reached.

在一个实施例中,制动力控制模块134还设置执行时间,即,从开始增加制动力至达到目标制动力的执行时间。制动力控制模块134根据需要增加的制动力以及执行时间确定增加制动力的梯度,并控制制动系统以该梯度增加制动力。In one embodiment, the braking force control module 134 also sets the execution time, ie, the execution time from when the braking force is increased until the target braking force is reached. The braking force control module 134 determines the gradient of the increased braking force based on the desired increased braking force and the execution time, and controls the braking system to increase the braking force by the gradient.

由此可见,根据该实施例,能够通过调节执行时间来调节增加制动力的梯度。也就是说,能够通过调节执行时间来使得本车刹停过程快一些或者慢一些,例如,根据用户的感受或需求在适当范围内调节执行时间,从而使得整个制动过程更人性化,进一步提升了用户体验。It can be seen that, according to this embodiment, the gradient of increasing the braking force can be adjusted by adjusting the execution time. That is to say, the braking process of the vehicle can be made faster or slower by adjusting the execution time. For example, the execution time can be adjusted within an appropriate range according to the user's feelings or needs, so as to make the entire braking process more user-friendly and further improve the user experience.

应当理解,在一些实施方式中,在整个制动过程中,虽然存在动态变化因素,例如各传感器(例如,雷达传感器、速度传感器、加速度传感器等)的实时感测值可能会变化,道路坡度也可能会变化,但目标制动力以计算出的目标制动时间满足制动时间阈值的时刻为准,在此后的制动过程中,就不再变化了(即,目标制动力在“冻结”后就不再变化了)。在另一些实施方式中,在整个制动过程中,目标制动力根据各传感器的实时测量值而不断计算更新,也就是说,整个制动过程都是实时检测并实时调控制动力的。It should be understood that, in some embodiments, during the entire braking process, although there are dynamic changing factors, such as real-time sensing values of various sensors (eg, radar sensors, speed sensors, acceleration sensors, etc.) may change, the road gradient may also change. It may change, but the target braking force is subject to the moment when the calculated target braking time meets the braking time threshold, and will not change during the subsequent braking process (that is, the target braking force is "frozen" after no longer changes). In other embodiments, during the entire braking process, the target braking force is continuously calculated and updated according to the real-time measurement values of each sensor, that is, the entire braking process is detected and controlled in real time in real time.

应当理解,当本车停在坡道上时,主要靠制动力来使得车停在坡道上而不会溜车,也就是说,此时制动力用于抵消重力沿坡道平行方向的分量。根据各种车辆控制系统的策略不同,当车辆完全静止时,动力系可以立即撤销驱动力,也可以在车辆静止一段时间以后再撤销驱动力,还可以一直不撤销驱动力而保留一点驱动力。It should be understood that when the vehicle is parked on a ramp, the braking force is mainly used to make the vehicle stop on the ramp without rolling away, that is, the braking force is used to offset the component of gravity along the parallel direction of the ramp. Depending on the strategy of various vehicle control systems, when the vehicle is completely stationary, the powertrain can immediately withdraw the driving force, or after the vehicle has been stationary for a period of time, the driving force can be withdrawn, and the driving force can also be retained without canceling the driving force.

图3示出了根据本发明一种可行实施方式的用于驾驶辅助系统100的制动控制方法300。可选地,制动控制方法300由上述制动控制单元130来实施。但是需要指出的是,本申请的原理并不局限于特定类型和结构的控制单元。如图3所示,在步骤310中,在本车爬坡期间获取前车与本车的行驶状态。在步骤320中,基于所获取的行驶状态判断本车的驾驶辅助系统100是否需要对本车实施制动,在判断为需要对本车实施制动时,获取本车的目标减速度并根据该目标减速度计算出制动力第一项F1,并且根据本车所在道路的坡度值计算出制动力第二项F2。在步骤330中,根据制动力第一项F1和制动力第二项F2确定驾驶辅助系统100对本车实施制动所需的目标制动力。FIG. 3 shows a braking control method 300 for the driving assistance system 100 according to a possible embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, the braking control method 300 is implemented by the braking control unit 130 described above. However, it should be pointed out that the principles of the present application are not limited to a specific type and structure of control units. As shown in FIG. 3 , in step 310 , the driving states of the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle are acquired during the climbing period of the own vehicle. In step 320, it is determined whether the driving assistance system 100 of the own vehicle needs to brake the own vehicle based on the obtained driving state, and when it is determined that the vehicle needs to be braked, the target deceleration of the own vehicle is obtained, and the target deceleration is reduced according to the target deceleration. The first term F1 of the braking force is calculated from the speed, and the second term F2 of the braking force is calculated according to the gradient value of the road where the vehicle is located. In step 330, the target braking force required by the driving assistance system 100 to brake the own vehicle is determined according to the first term of braking force F1 and the second term of braking force F2.

应当理解,制动控制单元130的操作过程同样适用于制动控制方法300。因此,以上关于制动控制单元130描述的各种相关特征也同样适用于此制动控制方法300。It should be understood that the operation of the brake control unit 130 is equally applicable to the brake control method 300 . Accordingly, the various relevant features described above with respect to the brake control unit 130 also apply to this brake control method 300 .

按照本发明的实施例还提供一种机器可读存储介质,其上存储有可执行指令,其中,所述可执行指令当被执行时使得所述方法300被执行。Embodiments in accordance with the present invention also provide a machine-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon, wherein the executable instructions, when executed, cause the method 300 to be performed.

虽然前面描述了一些实施方式,这些实施方式仅以示例的方式给出,而不意于限制本发明的范围。所附的权利要求及其等同替换意在涵盖本发明范围和主旨内做出的所有修改、替代和改变。While some embodiments have been described above, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover all modifications, substitutions and changes made within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. A brake control unit (130) for use in a driving assistance system (100), comprising:
an acquisition module (131) configured to acquire a driving state of a preceding vehicle and a host vehicle during climbing, wherein at least the speed of the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle and the distance between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle are included;
a processing module (132) configured to determine whether the driving assistance system (100) of the host vehicle needs to brake the host vehicle based on the acquired running state, acquire a target deceleration of the host vehicle and calculate a first term of braking force according to the target deceleration when it is determined that the braking of the host vehicle is needed, and calculate a second term of braking force according to a gradient value of a road where the host vehicle is located; and
a braking force determination module (133) configured to determine a target braking force required by the driving assistance system (100) to apply braking to the host vehicle, based on the first and second braking forces.
2. The brake control unit (130) of claim 1,
the acquisition module (131) further acquires a driving force provided to the host vehicle by a powertrain of the host vehicle during braking of the host vehicle by the driving assistance system (100);
the processing module (132) is further configured to calculate a third term of braking force from the driving force;
the braking force determination module (133) determines the target braking force based on the first, second, and third terms of braking force.
3. The brake control unit (130) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the processing module (132) obtains the gradient value by:
measured by a host vehicle's grade sensor and provided to the processing module (132); or
The processing module (132) calculates the grade value from a measurement from a longitudinal acceleration sensor of the host vehicle and a current deceleration of the host vehicle.
4. The brake control device (130) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein calculating the second term of braking force includes:
the second term of the braking force is determined in a look-up table containing the correspondence between the gradient value and the braking force correction value.
5. The brake control unit (130) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein obtaining the target deceleration of the host vehicle includes:
a processing module (132) calculates the target deceleration based on the speed of the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle and the distance between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle; or
A processing module (132) performs data processing on a target deceleration provided by a radar device of the driving assistance system (100), and takes the processed target deceleration as the target deceleration.
6. The brake control unit (130) of any of claims 1-5, wherein the processing module (132) determining whether the driving assistance system (100) of the host vehicle requires braking of the host vehicle comprises:
when the fact that the vehicle needs to be braked and stopped is determined based on the speed of the front vehicle and the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the front vehicle and the vehicle, calculating the target braking time of the vehicle;
comparing a target braking time with a braking time threshold value prescribed by the driving assistance system (100);
when the target brake time meets the brake time threshold, a first command is generated indicating that a time threshold is met.
7. The brake control unit (130) of claim 6,
the acquisition module (131) acquires a current braking force applied to the host vehicle by the driving assistance system (100) in response to the first instruction;
the processing module (132) compares the current braking force to a target braking force and generates a second command instructing to increase the current braking force when it is determined that the current braking force is less than the target braking force.
8. The brake control unit (130) of claim 7,
the brake control unit (130) further includes a braking force control module (134) configured to control a current braking force to start increasing in response to the first and second instructions until a target braking force is reached.
9. The brake control apparatus (130) of claim 8, wherein the braking force control module (134) is further configured to:
setting an execution time for increasing the braking force;
determining a gradient of the increased braking force according to the execution time and the target braking force;
the current braking force is controlled to increase to the target braking force at the gradient.
10. A brake control method for use in a driving assistance system, optionally implemented by means of a brake control unit according to any one of claims 1-9, the brake control method comprising:
acquiring the driving states of a front vehicle and a host vehicle during the climbing of the host vehicle, wherein the driving states at least comprise the speeds of the front vehicle and the host vehicle and the distance between the front vehicle and the host vehicle;
determining whether the driving assistance system (100) of the host vehicle needs to brake the host vehicle based on the acquired running state, and when determining that the braking of the host vehicle is needed, acquiring a target deceleration of the host vehicle, calculating a first item of braking force according to the target deceleration, and calculating a second item of braking force according to a gradient value of a road where the host vehicle is located; and
determining a target braking force required by the driving assistance system (100) to brake the host vehicle according to the first braking force term and the second braking force term.
11. A driving assistance system (100), in particular an adaptive cruise control system, comprising:
a radar device (110) that measures the distance between the preceding vehicle and the own vehicle; and
a stability device (120) coupled to the radar device (110) and comprising a brake control unit (130) according to any of claims 1-9, optionally the stability device (120) is configured to generate a trigger signal to activate the brake control unit (130) in response to a deceleration request signal from the radar device (110).
CN201910086273.5A 2019-01-29 2019-01-29 Driving assistance system, braking control unit and braking control method thereof Active CN111497843B (en)

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