CN111341868A - Photovoltaic building integrated assembly and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic building integrated assembly and a preparation method thereof. The assembly comprises a photovoltaic cell and a back plate which are arranged in a stacked mode, wherein the back plate comprises an upper cover film layer, a honeycomb supporting layer and a lower cover film layer, and the upper cover film layer is arranged close to the photovoltaic cell; the honeycomb supporting layer is arranged on one side, far away from the photovoltaic cell, of the upper cover film layer; the lower cover film layer is arranged on one side of the honeycomb supporting layer far away from the upper cover film layer. The photovoltaic building integrated assembly adopts the composite back plate comprising the upper cover film layer, the honeycomb supporting layer and the lower cover film layer, wherein the honeycomb supporting layer has the characteristic of light weight, and has higher rigidity and strength on the premise of the same weight. The upper and lower composite cover film layers of the honeycomb supporting layer enable the photovoltaic building integrated assembly provided by the invention to have the performances of light weight, rigidity, strength and the like.

Description

Photovoltaic building-integrated module and preparation method thereof

technical field

The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular, to a photovoltaic building-integrated component and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology is a technology that integrates solar photovoltaic power generation products into buildings. It is different from the building-supporting photovoltaic (BAPV) technology, which uses photovoltaic cell components strings supported on roofs and sun visors through metal brackets. Solarization is to use glass and flexible substrate solar cells as the main body of power generation, and integrate them into the exterior walls, roofs or indoors of buildings to make intelligent power generation curtain walls, power generation glass, power generation tiles, power generation screens, power generation greenhouses, power generation greenhouse balconies, etc. An essential part of a building structure that is both aesthetically pleasing and functional.

In modern society, people's requirements for buildings are not only to shelter from wind and rain, but also to have higher requirements on the appearance aesthetics, living comfort and energy efficiency of buildings. In developed countries, the energy consumption of buildings, including lighting, air conditioning, heating and office, has accounted for 40% of the total energy consumption of various types in the country. The energy consumption of residential and commercial office buildings in my country also accounts for more than 20% of the total energy consumption. In economically developed first- and second-tier cities, the amount of land available is limited, the roof area is limited, and there are few areas where large-area photovoltaic panels can be placed in vacant lots, all of which put forward a more urgent demand for solar power generation buildings.

Most of the current BIPV modules use quenched tempered glass on the front, EVA adhesive photovoltaic cells as the middle interlayer, and a multi-layer transparent polymer or the same tempered glass structure on the back. According to the aesthetic requirements of the building, the color of the glass can be customized. , cell duty ratio, light transmittance customization and thermal insulation customization and many other user requirements. However, due to safety considerations such as hurricane resistance, hail resistance, and shock resistance, the top and bottom protective glass or polymer films are often thickened and protected by multi-layer films by various processes, resulting in the weight of the components is often 15kg/ ^m2 . The double-glass modules even reach 20kg/m ² . The application of such weight in the decoration of old and broken buildings with brick and tile structure faces many problems, such as large-area load-bearing overload of the wall, unsuitable traditional thin and light glass frame, and high price and cost. Therefore, it is necessary to develop BIPV modules with high mechanical strength, good light transmittance, and more importantly, lightweight and durable.

At present, the conventional method to solve the weight problem of BIPV modules is to make photovoltaic cells flexible or semi-flexible, and at the same time replace the backplane glass with a lighter polymer composite film backplane, such as TPT, APE, BBF, etc., but this cannot be done. To ensure the mechanical strength of the components, these are often used in the field of autonomous mobile transportation (such as space satellites, solar-powered aircraft, solar-powered vehicles, ships, etc.), but cannot be applied in areas with high strength requirements.

For the above reasons, it is necessary to develop lightweight BIPV modules with higher stiffness and strength.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic building-integrated component and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the photovoltaic building-integrated component in the prior art cannot balance light weight, rigidity and strength.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a building-integrated photovoltaic module is provided, which includes photovoltaic cells and a backplane arranged in layers, and the backplane includes: an upper cover film layer, disposed close to the photovoltaic cells; a honeycomb support layer , which is arranged on the side of the upper cover film layer away from the photovoltaic cell; the lower cover film layer is arranged on the side of the honeycomb support layer away from the upper cover film layer.

Further, the honeycomb support layer is a metal material honeycomb structure or a polymer material honeycomb structure.

Further, the metal material of the metal material honeycomb structure is aluminum or tin; the polymer material of the polymer material honeycomb structure is aramid.

Further, the materials of the upper cover film layer and the lower cover film layer are independently selected from GFRP materials or acrylic materials.

Further, a water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer is also included, which is disposed on the side of the photovoltaic cell away from the back plate.

Further, the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer is an ETFE layer, a PET layer, or a laminated film formed by an ETFE layer and a PET layer.

Further, it also includes: a first adhesive layer, disposed between the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer and the photovoltaic cell; a second adhesive layer, disposed between the photovoltaic cell and the upper cover film layer; and a third adhesive layer, disposed on the top between the cover film layer and the honeycomb support layer; the fourth glue layer is arranged between the honeycomb support layer and the lower cover film layer.

Further, the material of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is independently selected from EVA, Surlyn resin or POE, or the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are independently any two in EVA, Surlyn resin and POE. or three kinds of laminated films formed; the materials of the third adhesive layer and the fourth adhesive layer are independently selected from epoxy resin, EVA or ionomer.

Further, the thicknesses of the upper cover film layer and the lower cover film layer are independently selected from 0.5-2 mm; the thickness of the honeycomb support layer is 3-10 mm; the thickness of the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer is 0.1-1 mm; the first adhesive layer The thicknesses of the second adhesive layer, the third adhesive layer, and the fourth adhesive layer are independently selected from 0.01 to 1 mm.

In another aspect, a method for preparing a photovoltaic building-integrated module is also provided, the preparation method comprising the following steps: laminating each layer of the photovoltaic building-integration module, bonding and fixing the layers together, and then forming a photovoltaic building All-in-one components.

Further, the preparation method specifically adopts the following method one or method two:

The first method includes the following steps: laying the upper cover film layer flatly, laying the second adhesive layer, photovoltaic cells, first adhesive layer and water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer in sequence on one side surface of the upper cover film layer to form a first prefabricated layer structure; Laminate the first prefabricated structure on a laminator to bond the layers to form a pre-bonded body; Lay a third adhesive layer in sequence on the other side surface of the upper cover film layer of the pre-bonded body , the honeycomb support layer, the fourth adhesive layer and the lower cover film layer to form a second prefabricated structure; and the second prefabricated structure is normalized in a vacuum state to obtain a photovoltaic building-integrated module; and the third method used in the first method. The materials of the adhesive layer and the fourth adhesive layer are epoxy resin;

The second method includes the following steps: laying the lower cover film layer, and sequentially laying a fourth adhesive layer, a honeycomb support layer, a third adhesive layer, an upper cover film layer, a second adhesive layer, a photovoltaic layer on one surface of the lower cover film layer The battery, the first adhesive layer, and the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer form a third prefabricated structure; the third prefabricated structure is laminated on a laminator to bond the layers to form a photovoltaic building-integrated module; and in the second method The materials used for the third adhesive layer and the fourth adhesive layer are independently selected from EVA or ionomer.

The invention provides a photovoltaic building-integrated component, which comprises stacked photovoltaic cells and a back plate, the back plate includes an upper cover film layer, a honeycomb support layer and a lower cover film layer, and the upper cover film layer is arranged close to the photovoltaic cells; The support layer is arranged on the side of the upper cover film layer away from the photovoltaic cell; the lower cover film layer is arranged on the side of the honeycomb support layer away from the upper cover film layer.

The photovoltaic building-integrated component provided by the present invention adopts a composite backplane comprising an upper cover film layer, a honeycomb support layer and a lower cover film layer. The honeycomb support layer is a support structure that imitates the honeycomb structure of bees in nature. It has the characteristics of light weight, and under the premise of the same weight, it has higher stiffness and strength. The top and bottom of the honeycomb support layer is composited with the cover film layer, so that the photovoltaic building-integrated module provided by the present invention can well have the properties of light weight, stiffness and strength.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic building-integrated component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

As described in the background section, the photovoltaic building-integrated components in the prior art cannot balance light weight, stiffness and strength. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic building-integrated module, as shown in FIG. 1 , which includes stacked photovoltaic cells 10 and a backplane 20 , and the backplane 20 includes an upper cover film layer 21 and a honeycomb support layer 22 and the lower cover film layer 23, the upper cover film layer 21 is arranged close to the photovoltaic cell 10; the honeycomb support layer 22 is arranged on the side of the upper cover film layer 21 away from the photovoltaic cell 10; the lower cover film layer 23 is arranged on the honeycomb support layer 22 away from the upper One side of the cover film layer 21 .

The photovoltaic building-integrated module provided by the present invention adopts a composite backplane 20 including an upper cover film layer 21 , a honeycomb support layer 22 and a lower cover film layer 23 . The honeycomb support layer 22 is a support structure that imitates the honeycomb structure of natural bees, and has the characteristics of light weight, and under the premise of the same weight, it has higher rigidity and strength. The top and bottom of the honeycomb support layer 22 is compounded with a cover film layer, so that the photovoltaic building-integrated module provided by the present invention can well have the properties of light weight, stiffness and strength.

The above photovoltaic cell 10 can be a type commonly used in the art, for example, it can be a series of four-group element semiconductor solar cells including crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, crystalline germanium, amorphous germanium, silicon-germanium alloy, etc., and can be gallium arsenide. , indium phosphide, gallium nitride and a series of III-V compound semiconductor solar cells, can be a series of II-VI compound semiconductor solar cells such as cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, cadmium telluride, etc., can also be copper indium gallium selenide, A series of multi-element compound semiconductor solar cells such as copper-zinc-tin-sulfur, organic, dye-sensitized, quantum dots, perovskite, etc.

In a preferred embodiment, the honeycomb support layer 22 is a metal material honeycomb structure or a polymer material honeycomb structure, which is used to provide back support and overall rigidity of the entire component structure, and has the characteristics of light weight. Preferably, the metallic material of the metallic material honeycomb structure is aluminum or tin; the polymeric material of the polymeric material honeycomb structure is aramid. More preferably, the above-mentioned honeycomb support layer 22 is an aramid support structure, and the aramid honeycomb is a non-metallic composite material made of aramid fiber paper impregnated with resin. Under the same weight, its stiffness and strength are several times higher than aluminum or even steel.

In a preferred embodiment, the materials of the upper cover film layer 21 and the lower cover film layer 23 are independently selected from GFRP materials or acrylic materials. The full name of GFRP is glass fiber reinforced composite material. It is a reinforced plastic material made of polymer epoxy resin as the matrix and glass fiber as the structural reinforcement. It has high strength and is used as the upper cover film layer 21 and The material of the lower cover film layer 23 can further improve the strength of the assembly. More preferably, both the upper cover film layer 21 and the lower cover film layer 23 are formed by laminating multiple layers of GFRP materials, and the orientations of the glass fibers in the two adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other, and the number of stacked layers is 4-10 layers. It should also be noted that the lower cap film layer 23 formed of GFRP material can also cover the lower surface of the honeycomb support layer 22 and prevent water vapor and corrosive gas from intruding into the interior of the photovoltaic cell 10 from the back. The upper cover film layer 21 is arranged between the honeycomb support layer 22 and the photovoltaic cell 10 , and plays the role of covering the upper surface of the honeycomb support layer 22 to prevent the subsequent adhesive layer from flowing into the honeycomb holes due to heat, and can be used as a further isolation layer. , to prevent water vapor and corrosive gas from intruding into the interior of the photovoltaic cell 10 from the back.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the above-mentioned building-integrated photovoltaic assembly further includes a water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 , which is disposed on the side of the photovoltaic cell 10 away from the back plate 20 . The provision of the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 can protect the top surface of the photovoltaic cell 10 and play the role of blocking water and transmitting light, thereby improving the weather resistance of the module. Preferably, the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 is an ETFE layer, a PET layer, or a laminated film formed by an ETFE layer and a PET layer. ETFE has excellent light transmittance, ultra-high strength and toughness, corrosion resistance, and excellent chemical stability. It is very suitable as a material for the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30, in addition to improving the resistance to water vapor intrusion or corrosion of building-integrated photovoltaic modules. In addition to the ability of gas corrosion, the light receiving condition of the photovoltaic cell 10 is ensured, and the strength of the module is increased. PET is a highly transparent thermoplastic polyester plastic with good light transmittance. The laminated film formed by the ETFE layer and the PET layer combines the advantages of the above two materials.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the above-mentioned building-integrated photovoltaic assembly further includes: a first adhesive layer 40 , a second adhesive layer 50 , a third adhesive layer 60 and a fourth adhesive layer 70 . The adhesive layer 40 is arranged between the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 and the photovoltaic cell 10 ; the second adhesive layer 50 is arranged between the photovoltaic cell 10 and the upper cover film layer 21 ; the third adhesive layer 60 is arranged on the upper cover film layer 21 and the honeycomb support layer 22 ; the fourth adhesive layer 70 is arranged between the honeycomb support layer 22 and the lower cover film layer 23 . The above adhesive layers can be used to better bond and fix each layer.

Preferably, the materials of the first adhesive layer 40 and the second adhesive layer 50 are independently selected from EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), Surlyn resin (ethylene-methacrylic acid-based ionic polymer) or POE (ethylene-octane) dilute copolymer), or the first adhesive layer 40 and the second adhesive layer 50 are respectively independently laminated films formed by any two or three of EVA, Surlyn resin and POE, which can provide better insulation, fixation, Adhesive effect. Preferably, the materials of the third adhesive layer 60 and the fourth adhesive layer 70 are independently selected from epoxy resin, EVA or ionomer, which is conducive to better bonding and fixing the honeycomb support layer 22 and the upper and lower cover film layers.

In order to make the components more balanced in terms of light weight, stiffness, strength, etc., in a preferred embodiment, the thicknesses of the upper cover film layer 21 and the lower cover film layer 23 are independently selected from 0.5-2 mm; the honeycomb support layer 22 The thickness of the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 is 0.1-1 mm; the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer 40, the second adhesive layer 50, the third adhesive layer 60, and the fourth adhesive layer 70 are independently selected. From 0.01 to 1mm.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned building-integrated photovoltaic module, which comprises the following steps: laminating each layer of the building-integrated photovoltaic module, so that the layers are bonded and fixed together, And then form a photovoltaic building-integrated component. The photovoltaic building-integrated module prepared by the present invention adopts a composite back plate 20 including an upper cover film layer 21 , a honeycomb support layer 22 and a lower cover film layer 23 . The honeycomb support layer 22 is a support structure that imitates the honeycomb structure of natural bees, and has the characteristics of light weight, and under the premise of the same weight, it has higher rigidity and strength. The top and bottom of the honeycomb support layer 22 is compounded with a cover film layer, so that the photovoltaic building-integrated module prepared by the present invention can well have the properties of light weight, stiffness and strength.

In the actual preparation process, the layers in the module can be stacked and then pressed and cured to form a module product, or some of the functional layers can be pre-pressed and formed, and then pressed and cured with other functional layers.

In a preferred embodiment, the first method or the second method is used to prepare the above-mentioned building-integrated photovoltaic module:

The steps of method 1 are as follows:

The first step: the upper cover film layer 21 is laid flat, and the second adhesive layer 50 is laid thereon.

The second step: laying the connected photovoltaic cells 10 on the second adhesive layer 50 .

The third step: laying the first adhesive layer 40 on the photovoltaic cells 10 of the third layer of photovoltaic cell strings.

The fourth step: laying a water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 on the first adhesive layer 40 to complete the prefabricated structure of the multi-layer stacking of the photovoltaic cell front plate.

Step 5: Laminate the multi-layer stacked prefabricated structure completed above on a laminator, so that each layer of film and the photovoltaic cell can be firmly bonded into one.

Step 6: apply a third adhesive layer 60 (preferably epoxy resin adhesive here) on the exposed surface of the upper cover film layer 21 .

The seventh step: laying the honeycomb support layer 22 on the third adhesive layer 60 .

Step 8: apply a fourth glue layer 70 on the honeycomb support layer 22 (here, epoxy glue is preferably used).

The ninth step: laying the lower cover film layer 23 on the fourth adhesive layer 70 to complete the stacked prefabricated structure of the photovoltaic cell front plate and the aramid honeycomb support back plate.

The tenth step: the entire prefabricated structure completed in the ninth step is placed in a vacuum bag for curing at room temperature for more than 12 hours to obtain a photovoltaic building-integrated module.

In the above method 1, epoxy resin is used as the material of the third adhesive layer 60 and the fourth adhesive layer 70, and each layer of the backplane can be well bonded by vacuum curing.

The steps of method 2 are as follows:

The first step: the lower cover film layer 23 is laid flat, and a fourth adhesive layer 70 (here, preferably an ionomer film or an EVA film) is laid on it.

The second step: laying the honeycomb support layer 22 on the fourth adhesive layer 70 .

The third step: laying a third adhesive layer 60 (preferably an ionomer film or an EVA film here) on the honeycomb support layer 22 .

The fourth step: laying the upper cover film layer 21 on the third adhesive layer 60 .

Step 5: Lay the second adhesive layer 50 on the upper cover film layer 21 .

The sixth step: placing the connected photovoltaic cells 10 on the second adhesive layer 50 .

The seventh step: laying the first adhesive layer 40 on the photovoltaic cell 10 .

The eighth step: laying a water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30 on the first adhesive layer 40 to complete the stacked prefabricated structure of the photovoltaic cell front plate and the honeycomb support rear plate.

The ninth step: laminating the completed multi-layer stacked prefabricated structure on a laminator, so that each layer of film and the photovoltaic cell can be firmly bonded into one.

Using the above-mentioned method 2, each layer can be laminated and formed once, and the operation is convenient and simple.

In the above preparation method, the subsequent layers can also be laid in sequence starting from the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer 30, not limited to starting from the lower cover film layer 23, which should be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here. Repeat.

The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present application.

Example 1

In this embodiment, a photovoltaic building-integrated module with a structure as shown in Figure 1 is prepared, and the specific process is as follows:

Step 1: Lay the fifth layer of GFRP, and then lay the fourth layer of EVA film, the connected third layer of photovoltaic cell strings, the second layer of EVA film, and the first layer of water-blocking and light-transmitting ETFE film. A prefabricated structure of a multi-layer stack of photovoltaic cell front sheets.

Step 2: Put the completed multi-layer stacked prefabricated structure into the double-layer vacuum laminator, vacuum the upper and lower layers of the laminator at the same time, and heat the laminate to a temperature of 110-120°C, and the upper layer pressure returns to At normal pressure, the interlayer rubber film extrudes the lower layer stack due to the pressure difference, the temperature rises to 130-170°C, the constant temperature cures, and the lower layer is kept under vacuum for cyclic cooling. The one-step heating method can also be used, and the initial temperature is directly set to the curing temperature of EVA at 165°C, and the curing is performed at a constant temperature. Finally, remove the assembly and remove excess encapsulation material. After being laminated on the above-mentioned laminator, each layer of film and the photovoltaic cell can be firmly bonded into one.

The third step: apply the sixth layer of epoxy resin glue on the exposed surface of the fifth layer of GFRP, lay the seventh layer of aramid honeycomb support body, apply the eighth layer of epoxy resin glue, and lay the ninth layer of GFRP to complete the photovoltaic Stacked prefabricated structure of battery front plate and aramid honeycomb support back plate.

Step 4: Put the entire prefabricated structure completed in Step 9 in a vacuum bag below 1 bar for curing at room temperature for more than 12 hours. Of course, the appropriate heating temperature below 100 ° C can accelerate the curing process.

The thickness of the upper cover film layer and the lower cover film layer is 2mm; the thickness of the honeycomb support layer is 5mm; the thickness of the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer is 1mm;

The performance of the module is as follows: According to the IEC61215 standard, the relative power loss of the module is 1.2% after 200 temperature cycles from -40°C to 85°C, and the relative power loss is 1.4% after 1000 hours of damp heat aging. . The bending stiffness reaches 15N·m ² , the peel strength reaches 30N/cm, the yield load reaches 350N, the power attenuation of the hail test module is less than 5%, and the module weight is 6kg/m ² .

Example 2

In this embodiment, a photovoltaic building-integrated module with a structure as shown in Figure 1 is prepared, and the specific process is as follows:

The first step: lay the GFRP flat, and lay the first ionomer film or EVA film, aramid honeycomb support body, ionomer film or EVA film, GFRP, EVA film, and the connected third layer of photovoltaic cells on it. String, EVA film, water-blocking and light-transmitting ETFE film to complete the stacked prefabricated structure of the photovoltaic cell front plate and the aramid honeycomb support back plate.

Step 2: Put the completed multi-layer stacked prefabricated structure into the double-layer vacuum laminator, vacuum the upper and lower layers of the laminator at the same time, and heat the laminate to a temperature of 110-120°C, and the upper layer pressure returns to At normal pressure, the interlayer rubber film extrudes the lower layer stack due to the pressure difference, the temperature rises to 130-170°C, the constant temperature cures, and the lower layer is kept under vacuum for cyclic cooling. The one-step heating method can also be used, and the initial temperature is directly set to the curing temperature of EVA at 165°C, and the curing is performed at a constant temperature. During the lamination process, in order to ensure the cross-linking degree of the EVA film, the upper and lower sides of the laminator need to have hot plates to ensure that the upper and lower EVA films are heated evenly. Laminate the assembly after turning it over. Finally, remove the assembly and remove excess encapsulation material. After lamination on the above-mentioned laminator, the stacking structure of the photovoltaic cell front plate and the aramid honeycomb support rear plate is completed.

The thickness of the upper cover film layer and the lower cover film layer is 0.5mm; the thickness of the honeycomb support layer is 6mm; the thickness of the water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer is 0.5mm;

The performance of the module is as follows: According to the IEC61215 standard, the relative power loss of the module is 2.4% after 200 temperature cycles of -40°C to 85°C, and the relative power loss is 4.1% after 1000 hours of damp heat aging. . The bending stiffness reaches 10N·m ² , the peel strength reaches 40N/cm, the yield load reaches 120N, the power attenuation of the hail test module is less than 5%, and the module weight is 5kg/m ² .

In a word, the BIPV module proposed by the present invention has the advantage of light weight per unit area (the weight of the module can be as low as 5kg/m ² ), does not add too much extra weight to the exterior wall of the building, and also requires less mechanical strength for the fixed frame. not tall. Compared with the traditional single-glass module with front glass and polymer film on the back or the double-glass module with glass on the front and back, the module proposed by the present invention is more rigid, and the rigidity can reach 15N·m ² or even more. , rockfall and local physical shock and vibration of buildings have strong resistance. And preferably, the BIPV photovoltaic module of the composite sandwich backplane structure of the present invention has the advantages of resistance to water vapor, damp heat, and thermal shock, high efficiency stability, and slow decay. This component has major advantages for applications in construction, aviation or mobile energy.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A building-integrated photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic cell (10) and a backsheet (20) arranged in a stack, the backsheet (20) comprising:

an upper cap film layer (21) disposed adjacent to the photovoltaic cell (10);

a honeycomb support layer (22) arranged on the side of the upper cover film layer (21) far away from the photovoltaic cell (10); and

and the lower cover film layer (23) is arranged on one side, away from the upper cover film layer (21), of the honeycomb supporting layer (22).

2. Building-integrated photovoltaic assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the cellular support layer (22) is a metallic or polymeric material honeycomb.

3. The building-integrated photovoltaic assembly according to claim 2, wherein the metal material of the metal material honeycomb structure is aluminum or tin; the polymer material of the polymer material honeycomb structure is aramid fiber.

4. The pv building-integrated assembly according to claim 1, wherein the material of the upper and lower cover film layers (21, 23) is independently selected from GFRP material or acrylic material.

5. Building-integrated photovoltaic assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a protective layer (30) transparent to light and water, arranged on the side of the photovoltaic cell (10) remote from the backsheet (20).

6. The building-integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that the protective water-and light-blocking layer (30) is an ETFE layer, a PET layer, or a laminated film formed by ETFE layer and PET layer.

7. The building-integrated photovoltaic assembly according to claim 5, further comprising:

a first glue layer (40) arranged between the water-blocking light-transmitting protective layer (30) and the photovoltaic cell (10);

a second glue layer (50) arranged between the photovoltaic cell (10) and the upper cover film layer (21);

a third glue layer (60) arranged between the upper cover film layer (21) and the honeycomb support layer (22); and

a fourth glue layer (70) arranged between the honeycomb support layer (22) and the lower cover film layer (23);

preferably, the materials of the first adhesive layer (40) and the second adhesive layer (50) are respectively and independently selected from EVA, Surlyn resin or POE, or the first adhesive layer (40) and the second adhesive layer (50) are respectively and independently laminated films formed by any two or three of EVA, Surlyn resin and POE; the materials of the third glue layer (60) and the fourth glue layer (70) are respectively and independently selected from epoxy resin, EVA or ionic polymer.

8. The building-integrated photovoltaic assembly according to claim 7, wherein:

the thicknesses of the upper cover film layer (21) and the lower cover film layer (23) are respectively and independently selected from 0.5-2 mm;

the thickness of the honeycomb supporting layer (22) is 3-10 mm;

the thickness of the water-blocking light-transmitting protective layer (30) is 0.1-1 mm;

the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer (40), the second adhesive layer (50), the third adhesive layer (60) and the fourth adhesive layer (70) are respectively and independently selected from 0.01-1 mm.

9. A method of manufacturing a building-integrated photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: and laminating and curing each layer of the building integrated photovoltaic assembly to bond and fix the layers together so as to form the building integrated photovoltaic assembly.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the preparation method specifically adopts the following method one or method two:

the first method comprises the following steps:

the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) flatly paving an upper cover film layer (21), and sequentially paving a second adhesive layer (50), a photovoltaic cell (10), a first adhesive layer (40) and a water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer (30) on one side surface of the upper cover film layer (21) to form a first prefabricated structure;

laminating the first prefabricated structure on a laminating machine to bond the layers to form a pre-bonded body;

sequentially laying a third adhesive layer (60), a honeycomb supporting layer (22), a fourth adhesive layer (70) and a lower covering film layer (23) on the other side surface of the upper covering film layer (21) of the pre-bonding body to form a second prefabricated structure; and

the second prefabricated structure is subjected to constant temperature in a vacuum state, and the photovoltaic building integrated assembly is obtained;

the third adhesive layer (60) and the fourth adhesive layer (70) adopted in the first method are both made of epoxy resin;

the second method comprises the following steps:

the manufacturing method comprises the following steps of (1) flatly paving a lower covering film layer (23), and sequentially paving a fourth adhesive layer (70), a honeycomb supporting layer (22), a third adhesive layer (60), an upper covering film layer (21), a second adhesive layer (50), a photovoltaic cell (10), a first adhesive layer (40) and a water-blocking and light-transmitting protective layer (30) on one side surface of the lower covering film layer (23) to form a third prefabricated structure;

laminating the third prefabricated structural laminated machine to bond each layer to form the photovoltaic building integrated assembly;

and the materials of the third adhesive layer (60) and the fourth adhesive layer (70) adopted in the second method are respectively and independently selected from EVA or ionic polymer.

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