CN111270529A - Lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/544—No clear coat specified the first layer is let to dry at least partially before applying the second layer
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
- F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
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- D06N2209/04—Properties of the materials having electrical or magnetic properties
- D06N2209/048—Electromagnetic interference shielding
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- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轻质高弹性吸波材料及其制备方法。其中，该轻质高弹性吸波材料包括依次设置的基底层和柔性吸波层，其中，柔性吸波层包含水性树脂、吸波填料、有机润湿分散剂和去离子水。应用本发明的技术方案，采用水性树脂及柔性织物等，开发了低面密度、高弹性以及零污染的环保吸波材料，极大的提高了吸波材料的弹性，扩大了其应用范围；本发明的吸波材料可应用于装备的雷达隐身，可显著提高目标装备在高频雷达下的隐身性能，可直接涂覆在装备表面，由于其能够用于柔性基材，还可制成隐身篷布、车衣、帐篷等用于地面目标隐身伪装。
The invention discloses a light-weight high-elasticity wave-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof. Wherein, the light-weight and highly elastic wave-absorbing material includes a base layer and a flexible wave-absorbing layer arranged in sequence, wherein the flexible wave-absorbing layer contains water-based resin, wave-absorbing filler, organic wetting and dispersing agent and deionized water. By applying the technical scheme of the present invention, water-based resins and flexible fabrics are used to develop an environmentally friendly wave-absorbing material with low areal density, high elasticity and zero pollution, which greatly improves the elasticity of the wave-absorbing material and expands its application range; The invented wave-absorbing material can be applied to the radar stealth of equipment, which can significantly improve the stealth performance of target equipment under high-frequency radar, and can be directly coated on the surface of the equipment. Since it can be used for flexible substrates, it can also be made into a stealth canopy. Cloth, car clothing, tents, etc. are used for stealth camouflage of ground targets.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及吸波材料技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种轻质高弹性吸波材料及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of wave absorbing materials, in particular, to a light-weight and highly elastic wave absorbing material and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
吸波材料是指有效吸收入射的电磁波，并将电磁能转化为热能消耗或使电磁波干涉相消，从而使目标的回波强度显著减弱的一类功能材料。吸收材料在军用和民用两个领域都具有非常重要的应用价值。按照吸波机理，吸波材料分为磁损耗、介电损耗和导电损耗型。在武器装备上覆盖吸波材料，可以吸收雷达波，衰减反射信号，是反雷达探测非常有效的手段，是减少武器装备遭受导弹和激光武器打击的一种方法。Absorbers refer to a class of functional materials that effectively absorb incident electromagnetic waves, convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy, or cancel electromagnetic wave interference, thereby significantly weakening the echo intensity of the target. Absorbent materials have very important application value in both military and civilian fields. According to the absorbing mechanism, absorbing materials are divided into magnetic loss, dielectric loss and conductive loss types. Covering the weapons and equipment with absorbing materials can absorb radar waves and attenuate the reflected signals.
现有吸波材料普遍采用油性体系，生产施工过程中产生大量有机溶剂污染环境，油性体系涂层一般硬度较高，弹性小，面密度大，高弹性树脂种类较少且价格高昂；上述方案材料只能应用于硬质底材，使用受到极大的限制。Existing absorbing materials generally use oil-based systems, and a large amount of organic solvents are generated during production and construction to pollute the environment. The oil-based system coatings generally have high hardness, low elasticity, high areal density, fewer types of high-elasticity resins and high prices; It can only be applied to hard substrates, and its use is greatly restricted.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明旨在提供一种轻质高弹性吸波材料及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中吸波材料硬度较高使用受到极大的限制的技术问题。The present invention aims to provide a light-weight and high-elasticity wave absorbing material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the high hardness of the wave absorbing material in the prior art is greatly restricted.
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种轻质高弹性吸波材料。该轻质高弹性吸波材料包括依次设置的基底层和柔性吸波层，其中，柔性吸波层包含水性树脂、吸波填料、有机润湿分散剂和去离子水。In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a light-weight high-elasticity wave absorbing material is provided. The light-weight high-elasticity wave-absorbing material includes a base layer and a flexible wave-absorbing layer arranged in sequence, wherein the flexible wave-absorbing layer contains a water-based resin, a wave-absorbing filler, an organic wetting and dispersing agent, and deionized water.
进一步地，柔性吸波层包含水性树脂60～78重量份、吸波填料10～20重量份、有机润湿分散剂2～5重量份和去离子水10～16重量份。Further, the flexible wave-absorbing layer comprises 60-78 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of wave-absorbing filler, 2-5 parts by weight of organic wetting and dispersing agent, and 10-16 parts by weight of deionized water.
进一步地，基底层为金属层或柔性织物层，当基底层为柔性织物层时，柔性吸波层上还设置有柔性金属涂层；优选的，柔性金属涂层包含水性树脂、片状金属浆和去离子水。Further, the base layer is a metal layer or a flexible fabric layer, and when the base layer is a flexible fabric layer, a flexible metal coating is also provided on the flexible wave-absorbing layer; preferably, the flexible metal coating comprises water-based resin, sheet metal paste and deionized water.
进一步地，柔性金属涂层包含水性树脂60～85重量份、片状金属浆10～20重量份和去离子水5～10重量份；优选的，柔性金属涂层的厚度为40μm～80μm。Further, the flexible metal coating comprises 60-85 parts by weight of aqueous resin, 10-20 parts by weight of sheet metal paste and 5-10 parts by weight of deionized water; preferably, the thickness of the flexible metal coating is 40-80 μm.
进一步地，水性树脂为选自由水性聚氨酯分散液、水性聚氨酯乳液和水性环氧树脂组成的组中的一种或多种。Further, the waterborne resin is one or more selected from the group consisting of waterborne polyurethane dispersion, waterborne polyurethane emulsion and waterborne epoxy resin.
进一步地，吸波填料选自由高导电炭黑、高导电石墨、短切碳纤、短切不锈钢纤维组成的组中的一种或多种。Further, the wave-absorbing filler is selected from one or more of the group consisting of highly conductive carbon black, highly conductive graphite, chopped carbon fiber, and chopped stainless steel fiber.
进一步地，有机润湿分散剂为分散剂WS4000、分散剂Tego 760W和分散剂BYK-190中的一种或多种。Further, the organic wetting and dispersing agent is one or more of dispersing agent WS4000, dispersing agent Tego 760W and dispersing agent BYK-190.
进一步地，柔性吸波层的厚度为0.5～0.6mm。Further, the thickness of the flexible wave absorbing layer is 0.5-0.6 mm.
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种上述轻质高弹性吸波材料的制备方法。该制备方法包括以下步骤：S1，分别称取水性树脂、吸波填料、有机润湿分散剂和去离子水，采用分散机进行研磨润湿，制得柔性吸波层浆料；S2，将基底层上喷涂处理液，然后在基底层上设置柔性吸波层。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a preparation method of the above-mentioned lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material. The preparation method includes the following steps: S1, respectively weighing water-based resin, wave-absorbing filler, organic wetting and dispersing agent and deionized water, and using a disperser for grinding and wetting to prepare a flexible wave-absorbing layer slurry; S2, mixing the base The treatment liquid is sprayed on the bottom layer, and then a flexible wave absorbing layer is arranged on the base layer.
进一步地，基底层为金属层或柔性织物层，当基底层为柔性织物层时，该制备方法还包括在柔性吸波层上设置柔性金属涂层；优选的，柔性金属涂层采用柔性金属涂层浆料制得，柔性金属涂层浆料的制备包括：分别称取水性树脂、片状金属浆和去离子水搅拌分散后制得柔性金属涂层浆料。Further, the base layer is a metal layer or a flexible fabric layer, and when the base layer is a flexible fabric layer, the preparation method further includes providing a flexible metal coating on the flexible wave-absorbing layer; preferably, the flexible metal coating adopts a flexible metal coating. The layer slurry is prepared, and the preparation of the flexible metal coating slurry includes: respectively weighing water-based resin, sheet metal slurry and deionized water, stirring and dispersing to prepare the flexible metal coating slurry.
进一步地，S1具体包括：分别称取水性树脂60～78重量份，吸波填料10～20重量份、有机润湿分散剂2～5重量份和去离子水10～16重量份；采用高速分散机，加入粒径1.0～2.0mm的锆珠作为研磨介质，在500～800rpm下搅拌0.5h使各组分初步润湿，在2000～2500rpm下搅拌3h，用刮板细度计测试浆料细度≤10um，搅拌时在分散罐通冷却水；将分散好的物料密封，在室温下静置12h待用。Further, S1 specifically includes: respectively weighing 60-78 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of wave-absorbing filler, 2-5 parts by weight of organic wetting and dispersing agent, and 10-16 parts by weight of deionized water; Add zirconium beads with a particle size of 1.0 to 2.0 mm as the grinding medium, stir at 500 to 800 rpm for 0.5 h to initially wet the components, stir at 2000 to 2500 rpm for 3 h, and use a scraper fineness meter to test the fineness of the slurry. When the temperature is less than or equal to 10um, pass cooling water in the dispersing tank during stirring; seal the dispersed material and let it stand for 12 hours at room temperature for use.
进一步地，柔性金属涂层浆料的制备具体包括：分别称取水性树脂60～85重量份、片状金属浆10～20重量份和去离子水5～10重量份搅拌分散后制得柔性金属涂层浆料。Further, the preparation of the flexible metal coating slurry specifically includes: respectively weighing 60-85 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of sheet metal slurry, and 5-10 parts by weight of deionized water, stirring and dispersing to prepare the flexible metal. coating paste.
进一步地，处理液为选自由乙醇、硅烷偶联剂KH550/560、聚乙烯醇或聚丙烯酰胺组成的组中的一种或多种。Further, the treatment liquid is one or more selected from the group consisting of ethanol, silane coupling agent KH550/560, polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.
进一步地，当基底层为柔性织物层时，该制备方法具体包括：将柔性织物层上喷涂处理液；然后取柔性吸波层浆料喷涂在柔性织物层上，控制厚度为0.5～0.6mm，待涂层表干后，喷涂一层柔性金属涂层浆料，控制厚度为40～80um，45～50℃下烘烤0.5～1h得到轻质高弹性吸波材料。Further, when the base layer is a flexible fabric layer, the preparation method specifically includes: spraying the treatment liquid on the flexible fabric layer; then spraying the flexible wave-absorbing layer slurry on the flexible fabric layer, and controlling the thickness to be 0.5-0.6 mm, After the coating surface is dry, spray a layer of flexible metal coating slurry, control the thickness to be 40-80um, and bake at 45-50°C for 0.5-1h to obtain a light-weight and highly elastic wave absorbing material.
根据本发明的再一方面，提供了一种上述轻质高弹性吸波材料在雷达隐身、隐身篷布、隐身车衣、隐身帐篷的隐身伪装中的应用。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, an application of the above-mentioned light-weight and highly elastic wave-absorbing material in stealth camouflage of radar stealth, stealth tarpaulin, stealth vehicle cover, and stealth tent is provided.
应用本发明的技术方案，采用水性树脂及柔性织物等，开发了低面密度、高弹性以及零污染的环保吸波材料，极大的提高了吸波材料的弹性，扩大了其应用范围；本发明的吸波材料可应用于装备的雷达隐身，可显著提高目标装备在高频雷达下的隐身性能，可直接涂覆在装备表面，由于其能够用于柔性基材，还可制成隐身篷布、车衣、帐篷等用于地面目标隐身伪装。By applying the technical scheme of the present invention, water-based resins and flexible fabrics are used to develop environmentally friendly wave-absorbing materials with low areal density, high elasticity and zero pollution, which greatly improves the elasticity of the wave-absorbing materials and expands its application range; The invented wave-absorbing material can be applied to the radar stealth of equipment, can significantly improve the stealth performance of target equipment under high-frequency radar, can be directly coated on the surface of equipment, and can also be made into a stealth canopy because it can be used for flexible substrates. Cloth, car clothing, tents, etc. are used for stealth camouflage of ground targets.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:
图1示出了实施例1的轻质高弹性吸波材料的结构示意图；Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the light-weight high-elasticity wave absorbing material of Example 1;
图2示出了实施例1中制备的轻质高弹性吸波材料的高频吸波性能测试结果图；以及FIG. 2 shows a graph of the test results of the high-frequency wave absorbing performance of the light-weight high-elasticity wave-absorbing material prepared in Example 1; and
图3示出了实施例2中制备的轻质高弹性吸波材料的高频吸波性能测试结果图。FIG. 3 shows the results of the high-frequency wave absorbing performance test of the light-weight and highly elastic wave absorbing material prepared in Example 2. FIG.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，提供一种轻质高弹性吸波材料。该轻质高弹性吸波材料包括依次设置的基底层和柔性吸波层，其中，柔性吸波层包含水性树脂、吸波填料、有机润湿分散剂和去离子水。According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material is provided. The light-weight high-elasticity wave-absorbing material includes a base layer and a flexible wave-absorbing layer arranged in sequence, wherein the flexible wave-absorbing layer contains a water-based resin, a wave-absorbing filler, an organic wetting and dispersing agent, and deionized water.
应用本发明的技术方案，采用水性树脂及柔性织物等，开发了低面密度、高弹性以及零污染的环保吸波材料，极大的提高了吸波材料的弹性，扩大了其应用范围；本发明的吸波材料可应用于装备的雷达隐身，可显著提高目标装备在高频雷达下的隐身性能，可直接涂覆在装备表面，由于其能够用于柔性基材，还可制成隐身篷布、车衣、帐篷等用于地面目标隐身伪装。By applying the technical scheme of the present invention, water-based resins and flexible fabrics are used to develop environmentally friendly wave-absorbing materials with low areal density, high elasticity and zero pollution, which greatly improves the elasticity of the wave-absorbing materials and expands its application range; The invented wave-absorbing material can be applied to the radar stealth of equipment, can significantly improve the stealth performance of target equipment under high-frequency radar, can be directly coated on the surface of equipment, and can also be made into a stealth canopy because it can be used for flexible substrates. Cloth, car clothing, tents, etc. are used for stealth camouflage of ground targets.
优选的，柔性吸波层包含水性树脂60～78重量份、吸波填料10～20重量份、有机润湿分散剂2～5重量份和去离子水10～16重量份。在此比例范围内，能够较大限定的全面提升吸波材料的综合性能。Preferably, the flexible wave-absorbing layer comprises 60-78 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of wave-absorbing filler, 2-5 parts by weight of organic wetting and dispersing agent, and 10-16 parts by weight of deionized water. Within this ratio range, the comprehensive performance of the wave absorbing material can be fully improved in a relatively limited manner.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，基底层为金属层或柔性织物层，当基底层为柔性织物层时，柔性吸波层上还设置有柔性金属涂层；优选的，柔性金属涂层包含水性树脂、片状金属浆和去离子水。优选的，柔性金属涂层包含水性树脂60～85重量份、片状金属浆10～20重量份和去离子水5～10重量份。According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, the base layer is a metal layer or a flexible fabric layer, and when the base layer is a flexible fabric layer, a flexible metal coating is also provided on the flexible wave-absorbing layer; preferably, the flexible metal coating comprises Waterborne resin, sheet metal paste and deionized water. Preferably, the flexible metal coating comprises 60-85 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of sheet metal paste and 5-10 parts by weight of deionized water.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，水性树脂为选自由水性聚氨酯分散液、水性聚氨酯乳液和水性环氧树脂组成的组中的一种或多种，这些水性树脂弹性好，污染少。According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, the waterborne resin is one or more selected from the group consisting of waterborne polyurethane dispersion, waterborne polyurethane emulsion and waterborne epoxy resin, and these waterborne resins have good elasticity and less pollution.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，吸波填料分别选自由高导电炭黑、高导电石墨、短切碳纤、短切不锈钢纤维组成的组中的一种或多种，这些吸波填料吸波性能好，并且不会影响柔性吸波层的整体性能，例如柔韧性等。According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, the wave-absorbing fillers are respectively selected from one or more selected from the group consisting of highly conductive carbon black, high-conductivity graphite, chopped carbon fibers, and chopped stainless steel fibers, and these wave-absorbing fillers absorb waves It has good performance and will not affect the overall performance of the flexible wave absorbing layer, such as flexibility.
优选的，有机润湿分散剂为分散剂WS4000、分散剂Tego 760W和分散剂BYK-190中的一种或多种。柔性吸波层和柔性金属涂层的厚度可以根据实际需求进行设定，优选的，柔性吸波层的厚度为0.5～0.6mm，柔性金属涂层的厚度为40μm～80μm，以保证其柔韧性和吸波性能。Preferably, the organic wetting and dispersing agent is one or more of dispersing agent WS4000, dispersing agent Tego 760W and dispersing agent BYK-190. The thicknesses of the flexible wave absorbing layer and the flexible metal coating can be set according to actual needs. Preferably, the thickness of the flexible wave absorbing layer is 0.5-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the flexible metal coating is 40 μm-80 μm to ensure its flexibility. and absorbing properties.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，提供一种轻质高弹性吸波材料的制备方法。该制备方法包括以下步骤：S1，分别称取水性树脂、吸波填料、有机润湿分散剂和去离子水，采用分散机进行研磨润湿，制得柔性吸波层浆料；S2，将基底层上喷涂处理液，然后在基底层上设置柔性吸波层。其中，处理液可以采用本领域常规的处理液，处理织物表面的毛刺、增强织物与涂层的黏着力。According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material is provided. The preparation method includes the following steps: S1, respectively weighing water-based resin, wave-absorbing filler, organic wetting and dispersing agent and deionized water, and using a disperser for grinding and wetting to prepare a flexible wave-absorbing layer slurry; S2, mixing the base The treatment liquid is sprayed on the bottom layer, and then a flexible wave absorbing layer is arranged on the base layer. Among them, the treatment liquid can be a conventional treatment liquid in the field to treat the burrs on the surface of the fabric and enhance the adhesion between the fabric and the coating.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，基底层为金属层或柔性织物层，当基底层为柔性织物层时，该制备方法还包括在柔性吸波层上设置柔性金属涂层；优选的，柔性金属涂层采用柔性金属涂层浆料制得，柔性金属涂层浆料的制备包括：分别称取水性树脂、片状金属浆和去离子水搅拌分散后制得柔性金属涂层浆料。According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, the base layer is a metal layer or a flexible fabric layer, and when the base layer is a flexible fabric layer, the preparation method further includes disposing a flexible metal coating on the flexible wave-absorbing layer; The metal coating is prepared by using a flexible metal coating slurry, and the preparation of the flexible metal coating slurry includes: respectively weighing water-based resin, sheet metal slurry and deionized water, stirring and dispersing to prepare the flexible metal coating slurry.
优选的，S1具体包括：分别称取水性树脂60～78重量份，吸波填料10～20重量份、有机润湿分散剂2～5重量份和去离子水10～16重量份；采用高速分散机，加入粒径1.0～2.0mm的锆珠作为研磨介质，在500～800rpm下搅拌0.5h使各组分初步润湿，在2000～2500rpm下搅拌3h，用刮板细度计测试浆料细度≤10um，搅拌时在分散罐通冷却水；将分散好的物料密封，在室温下静置12h待用。Preferably, S1 specifically includes: respectively weighing 60-78 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of wave absorbing filler, 2-5 parts by weight of organic wetting and dispersing agent, and 10-16 parts by weight of deionized water; Add zirconium beads with a particle size of 1.0 to 2.0 mm as the grinding medium, stir at 500 to 800 rpm for 0.5 h to initially wet the components, stir at 2000 to 2500 rpm for 3 h, and use a scraper fineness meter to test the fineness of the slurry. When the temperature is less than or equal to 10um, pass cooling water in the dispersing tank during stirring; seal the dispersed material and let it stand for 12 hours at room temperature for use.
优选的，柔性金属涂层浆料的制备具体包括：分别称取水性树脂60～85重量份、片状金属浆10～20重量份和去离子水5～10重量份搅拌分散后制得柔性金属涂层浆料。Preferably, the preparation of the flexible metal coating slurry specifically includes: respectively weighing 60-85 parts by weight of water-based resin, 10-20 parts by weight of sheet metal slurry and 5-10 parts by weight of deionized water, stirring and dispersing to prepare the flexible metal coating paste.
优选的，处理液为选自由乙醇、硅烷偶联剂KH550/560、聚乙烯醇或聚丙烯酰胺组成的组中的一种或多种。Preferably, the treatment liquid is one or more selected from the group consisting of ethanol, silane coupling agent KH550/560, polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.
优选的，当基底层为柔性织物层时，该制备方法具体包括：将柔性织物层上喷涂处理液；然后取柔性吸波层浆料喷涂在柔性织物层上，控制厚度为0.5～0.6mm，待涂层表干后，喷涂一层柔性金属涂层浆料，控制厚度为40～80um，45～50℃下烘烤0.5～1h得到轻质高弹性吸波材料。Preferably, when the base layer is a flexible fabric layer, the preparation method specifically includes: spraying the treatment liquid on the flexible fabric layer; then spraying the flexible wave-absorbing layer slurry on the flexible fabric layer, and controlling the thickness to be 0.5-0.6 mm, After the coating surface is dry, spray a layer of flexible metal coating slurry, control the thickness to be 40-80um, and bake at 45-50°C for 0.5-1h to obtain a light-weight and highly elastic wave absorbing material.
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式，提供一种轻质高弹性吸波材料在雷达隐身、隐身篷布、隐身车衣、隐身帐篷的隐身伪装中的应用。According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, an application of a lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material in stealth camouflage of radar stealth, stealth tarpaulin, stealth vehicle cover and stealth tent is provided.
此外，本发明材料施工方式不限于喷涂、辊涂或刷涂，还可作为浆料浸渍或者涂布于织物上制成柔性吸波织物In addition, the construction method of the material of the present invention is not limited to spraying, rolling or brushing, and can also be dipped or coated on fabrics as slurry to make flexible absorbing fabrics
下面将结合实施例进一步说明本发明的有益效果。以下实施例中没有详细描述的技术手段可以采用本发明具体实施方式部分描述的或本领域的常规技术手段实现。The beneficial effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. The technical means not described in detail in the following embodiments can be implemented by using the technical means described in the specific embodiment of the present invention or conventional technical means in the field.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例以柔性面料为基材制备轻质高弹性吸波材料，其基本工艺结构如图1所示，最底层为柔性金属涂层30，中层为柔性吸波涂层20，最上层为柔性织物层10(可为伪装迷彩面料等)。In this embodiment, a flexible fabric is used as the base material to prepare a lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material. The basic process structure is shown in Figure 1. The bottom layer is a
制备步骤如下：The preparation steps are as follows:
称取水性聚氨酯分散液60份，高导电炭黑吸波填料20份，WS4000加5份，去离子水15份。Weigh 60 parts of aqueous polyurethane dispersion, 20 parts of high-conductivity carbon black wave-absorbing filler, 5 parts of WS4000, and 15 parts of deionized water.
采用实验室高速分散机，加入1.2Kg粒径2mm的锆珠作为研磨介质，在500rpm下搅拌0.5h使各组分初步润湿，在2100rpm下搅拌3h，用刮板细度计测试浆料细度≤10um，搅拌时应在分散罐通冷却水，防止浆料温度过高；将分散好的物料密封，在室温下静置12h待用。Use a laboratory high-speed disperser, add 1.2Kg of zirconium beads with a particle size of 2mm as the grinding medium, stir at 500rpm for 0.5h to initially wet the components, stir at 2100rpm for 3h, use a scraper fineness meter to test the fineness of the slurry When the temperature is less than or equal to 10um, cooling water should be passed through the dispersing tank during stirring to prevent the temperature of the slurry from being too high; the dispersed material should be sealed and left at room temperature for 12 hours for use.
裁取柔性织物面料320mm*320mm，反面朝上固定在平面板上，用喷枪吹洗干净然后喷涂一层聚乙烯醇；Cut a flexible fabric of 320mm*320mm, fix it on a flat plate with the reverse side up, clean it with a spray gun, and then spray a layer of polyvinyl alcohol;
取适量配置好的吸波浆料，喷涂在织物面料上，控制厚度为0.6mm，待涂层表干后，喷涂一层柔性金属层(配制柔性金属涂层用浆料：称取水性树脂75份，片状金属浆20份，去离子水5份，搅拌分散均匀后待用)，控制厚度为40-80um，将上述涂层在50℃下烘烤0.5h即得柔性复合吸波材料。Take an appropriate amount of the prepared wave-absorbing slurry, spray it on the fabric, and control the thickness to 0.6mm. After the coating surface is dry, spray a layer of flexible metal layer (to prepare the slurry for flexible metal coating: weigh the water-based resin 75 parts, 20 parts of sheet metal paste, 5 parts of deionized water, stir and disperse evenly before use), control the thickness to be 40-80um, bake the above coating at 50°C for 0.5h to obtain a flexible composite wave absorbing material.
将所制复合吸波材料剪裁成300mm*300mm样品，测试其面密度，高频吸波性能，耐盐水性能等。The composite absorbing material was cut into a 300mm*300mm sample, and its areal density, high-frequency absorbing performance, and salt water resistance were tested.
经过测试样品面密度为0.8Kg/㎡，耐65℃环境5％wt氯化钠溶液浸泡96h，复合材料未出现剥离、脱落、粉化、裂纹、起泡等现象。高频吸波性能测试结果见图2。After testing, the surface density of the sample is 0.8Kg/㎡, and it is resistant to immersion in 5% wt sodium chloride solution at 65 °C for 96 hours. The test results of high frequency absorbing performance are shown in Figure 2.
实施例2Example 2
制备步骤如下：The preparation steps are as follows:
称取水性聚氨酯乳液78份，短切碳纤10份，Tego 760W3份，去离子水9份。Weigh 78 parts of water-based polyurethane emulsion, 10 parts of chopped carbon fiber, 3 parts of Tego 760W, and 9 parts of deionized water.
采用实验室高速分散机，加入1.2Kg粒径2mm的锆珠作为研磨介质，在800rpm下搅拌0.5h使各组分初步润湿，在2100rpm下搅拌3h，用刮板细度计测试浆料细度≤10um，搅拌时应在分散罐通冷却水，防止浆料温度过高；将分散好的物料密封，在室温下静置12h待用。Use a laboratory high-speed disperser, add 1.2Kg of zirconium beads with a particle size of 2mm as the grinding medium, stir at 800rpm for 0.5h to initially wet the components, stir at 2100rpm for 3h, use a scraper fineness meter to test the fineness of the slurry When the temperature is less than or equal to 10um, cooling water should be passed through the dispersing tank during stirring to prevent the temperature of the slurry from being too high; the dispersed material should be sealed and left at room temperature for 12 hours for use.
将300*300mm大小的碳钢板用300目砂纸打磨然后清洗干净，用空气喷枪在表面喷涂一层0.4mm厚的高韧性环氧树脂涂层。Grind the 300*300mm carbon steel plate with 300-grit sandpaper and then clean it, and spray a 0.4mm thick high-toughness epoxy resin coating on the surface with an air spray gun.
研磨好的吸波浆料喷涂在环氧涂层之上，控制涂层厚度0.2mm，可以多次喷涂，喷涂间隔将样品放置在不高于50℃的环境下表干。The ground wave absorbing slurry is sprayed on the epoxy coating, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to 0.2mm, which can be sprayed multiple times.
将喷涂完成的样品在室温下表干30-80min，然后50℃烘干30min即得到所需要的样品；Dry the sprayed sample at room temperature for 30-80min, and then dry it at 50°C for 30min to obtain the required sample;
测试所制样品的面密度，高频吸波性能和耐盐水性能等。Test the areal density, high frequency absorbing properties and salt water resistance of the prepared samples.
经过测试样品面密度为0.43Kg/㎡，耐65℃环境5％wt氯化钠溶液浸泡96h，复合材料未出现剥离、脱落、粉化、裂纹、起泡等现象。高频吸波性能测试结果见图3。After testing, the surface density of the sample is 0.43Kg/㎡, and it is resistant to immersion in 5% wt sodium chloride solution at 65 °C for 96 hours. The high frequency absorbing performance test results are shown in Figure 3.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例以柔性面料为基材制备轻质高弹性吸波材料，其基本工艺结构如图1所示，最底层为柔性金属涂层30，中层为柔性吸波涂层20，最上层为柔性织物层10(可为伪装迷彩面料等)。In this embodiment, a flexible fabric is used as the base material to prepare a lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material. The basic process structure is shown in Figure 1. The bottom layer is a
制备步骤如下：The preparation steps are as follows:
称取水性聚氨酯分散液70份，高导电炭黑20份，有机润湿分散剂WS4000 5份，去离子水5份。Weigh 70 parts of aqueous polyurethane dispersion, 20 parts of highly conductive carbon black, 5 parts of organic wetting and dispersing agent WS4000, and 5 parts of deionized water.
采用实验室高速分散机，加入1.2Kg粒径2mm的锆珠作为研磨介质，在600rpm下搅拌0.5h使各组分初步润湿，在2400rpm下搅拌3h，用刮板细度计测试浆料细度≤10um，搅拌时应在分散罐通冷却水，防止浆料温度过高；将分散好的物料密封，在室温下静置12h待用。Use a laboratory high-speed disperser, add 1.2Kg zirconium beads with a particle size of 2mm as the grinding medium, stir at 600rpm for 0.5h to initially wet the components, stir at 2400rpm for 3h, use a scraper fineness meter to test the fineness of the slurry When the temperature is less than or equal to 10um, cooling water should be passed through the dispersing tank during stirring to prevent the temperature of the slurry from being too high; the dispersed material should be sealed and left at room temperature for 12 hours for use.
配制金属涂层用浆料：称取水性树脂85份，片状金属浆10份，去离子水5份，搅拌分散均匀后待用。Preparation of slurry for metal coating: Weigh 85 parts of water-based resin, 10 parts of sheet metal slurry, and 5 parts of deionized water, stir and disperse evenly and set aside.
裁取柔性织物面料320mm*320mm，反面朝上固定在平面板上，用喷枪吹洗干净然后喷涂一层处理液(乙醇)；Cut a flexible fabric of 320mm*320mm, fix it on a flat plate with the reverse side up, clean it with a spray gun, and then spray a layer of treatment solution (ethanol);
取适量配置好的吸波浆料，喷涂在织物面料上，控制厚度为0.5mm，待涂层表干后，喷涂一层柔性金属涂层，控制厚度为60-80um，将上述涂层在50℃下烘烤0.5h即得柔性复合吸波材料。Take an appropriate amount of the prepared wave absorbing paste, spray it on the fabric, and control the thickness to be 0.5mm. After the coating surface is dry, spray a layer of flexible metal coating, and control the thickness to be 60-80um. Bake at ℃ for 0.5h to obtain the flexible composite wave absorbing material.
将所制复合吸波材料剪裁成300mm*300mm样品，测试其面密度，高频吸波性能，耐盐水性能等。The composite absorbing material was cut into a 300mm*300mm sample, and its areal density, high-frequency absorbing performance, and salt water resistance were tested.
经过测试样品面密度为0.65Kg/㎡，耐65℃环境5％wt氯化钠溶液浸泡96h，复合材料未出现剥离、脱落、粉化、裂纹、起泡等现象。After testing, the surface density of the sample is 0.65Kg/㎡, and it is resistant to immersion in 5% wt sodium chloride solution at 65 °C for 96 hours.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例以柔性面料为基材制备轻质高弹性吸波材料，其基本工艺结构如图1所示，最底层为柔性金属涂层30，中层为柔性吸波涂层20，最上层为柔性织物层10(可为伪装迷彩面料等)。In this embodiment, a flexible fabric is used as the base material to prepare a lightweight and highly elastic wave absorbing material. The basic process structure is shown in Figure 1. The bottom layer is a
制备步骤如下：The preparation steps are as follows:
称取水性聚氨酯乳液68份，吸波填料18份，WS4000加5份，去离子水9份。Weigh 68 parts of water-based polyurethane emulsion, 18 parts of wave absorbing filler, 5 parts of WS4000, and 9 parts of deionized water.
采用实验室高速分散机，加入1.2Kg粒径2mm的锆珠作为研磨介质，在600rpm下搅拌0.5h使各组分初步润湿，在2200rpm下搅拌3h，用刮板细度计测试浆料细度≤10um，搅拌时应在分散罐通冷却水，防止浆料温度过高；将分散好的物料密封，在室温下静置12h待用。Use a laboratory high-speed disperser, add 1.2Kg of zirconium beads with a particle size of 2mm as the grinding medium, stir at 600rpm for 0.5h to initially wet the components, stir at 2200rpm for 3h, use a scraper fineness meter to test the fineness of the slurry When the temperature is less than or equal to 10um, cooling water should be passed through the dispersing tank during stirring to prevent the temperature of the slurry from being too high; the dispersed material should be sealed and left at room temperature for 12 hours for use.
配制金属层用浆料：称取水性树脂75份，片状金属浆20份，去离子水5份，搅拌分散均匀后待用。Preparation of slurry for metal layer: Weigh 75 parts of water-based resin, 20 parts of sheet metal slurry, and 5 parts of deionized water, stir and disperse evenly and set aside.
裁取柔性织物面料320mm*320mm，反面朝上固定在平面板上，用喷枪吹洗干净然后喷涂一层处理液；Cut a flexible fabric of 320mm*320mm, fix it on a flat plate with the reverse side up, clean it with a spray gun, and then spray a layer of treatment liquid;
取适量配置好的吸波浆料，喷涂在织物面料上，控制厚度为0.6mm，待涂层表干后，喷涂一层柔性金属涂层，控制厚度为40-80um，将上述涂层在50℃下烘烤0.5h即得柔性复合吸波材料。Take an appropriate amount of the prepared wave absorbing slurry, spray it on the fabric, and control the thickness to be 0.6mm. After the coating surface is dry, spray a layer of flexible metal coating with a control thickness of 40-80um. Bake at ℃ for 0.5h to obtain the flexible composite wave absorbing material.
将所制复合吸波材料剪裁成300mm*300mm样品，测试其面密度，高频吸波性能，耐盐水性能等。The composite absorbing material was cut into a 300mm*300mm sample, and its areal density, high-frequency absorbing performance, and salt water resistance were tested.
经过测试样品面密度为0.75Kg/㎡，耐65℃环境5％wt氯化钠溶液浸泡96h，复合材料未出现剥离、脱落、粉化、裂纹、起泡等现象。After testing, the surface density of the sample is 0.75Kg/㎡, and it is resistant to immersion in 5% wt sodium chloride solution at 65 °C for 96 hours.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
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