CN110690722B - Photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690722B CN110690722B CN201910889270.5A CN201910889270A CN110690722B CN 110690722 B CN110690722 B CN 110690722B CN 201910889270 A CN201910889270 A CN 201910889270A CN 110690722 B CN110690722 B CN 110690722B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system and an operation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage, and are technically characterized in that: the energy storage module is connected with a commercial power grid, and can supply power to the load module, and the load module is connected with the commercial power grid and can acquire electric energy from the commercial power grid; the energy storage module comprises a storage battery pack and a bidirectional inverter, wherein the storage battery pack is used for storing electric energy, and the storage battery pack can discharge to a commercial power grid and the load module through the bidirectional inverter. According to the invention, the energy storage module is arranged to store electric energy in the electricity consumption valley period and supply power in the electricity consumption peak period, so that the power supply pressure of the commercial power grid in the electricity consumption peak period is relieved, and the power supply quality of the commercial power grid is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage, in particular to a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system and an operation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of economy and society, electric energy becomes the energy required by life, work and production of people, but according to the activity rule of people, the difference of power consumption between electricity consumption peaks and electricity consumption low peaks is great, so that the stability of a power grid is affected. In order to reduce the huge difference of electricity demand in peak-to-valley electricity periods, the country has introduced a policy of peak-to-valley electricity price, namely, in the peak-to-valley electricity periods, the electricity price is improved, in the valley-to-electricity periods, the motor is reduced, and the price lever is used for reducing and inhibiting part of enterprise and resident electricity, so that the peak-to-electricity periods are staggered, and meanwhile, the waste of part of electric energy is reduced.
However, due to the demands of production, work and life, the peak-to-valley electricity method can only reduce partial electricity consumption, and has very little effect on the difference of electricity consumption between the electricity consumption peak and the electricity consumption low peak, so that a new technical scheme is required to be provided for solving the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system and an operation method thereof, wherein the energy storage module is arranged to store electric energy in a power consumption valley period and supply power in a power consumption peak period, so that the power supply pressure in the power consumption peak period of a commercial power grid is relieved, and the power supply quality of the commercial power grid is improved.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system which characterized in that: the energy storage module is connected with a commercial power grid, and can supply power to the load module, and the load module is connected with the commercial power grid and can acquire electric energy from the commercial power grid; the energy storage module comprises a storage battery pack and a bidirectional inverter, wherein the storage battery pack is used for storing electric energy, and the storage battery pack can discharge to a commercial power grid and the load module through the bidirectional inverter.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up energy storage module and making energy storage module and commercial power electric wire netting and load module be connected, utilize energy storage module's the electricity of depositing and discharging effect, store the electric energy when the power consumption is low peak, discharge the energy supply through energy storage module to load module in the power consumption peak period to reduce load module and obtain the quantity of electric energy to the commercial power electric wire netting from the power supply electric wire netting in the power consumption peak period, slow down the power supply pressure of commercial power electric wire netting in the power consumption peak period, thereby guarantee the power supply quality of commercial power electric wire netting in the power consumption peak period.
The invention is further provided with: the energy storage module is also connected with a photovoltaic power generation module, the photovoltaic power generation module comprises a solar cell module for converting solar energy, a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and a combiner box, the solar cell module is arranged on a bracket, and the bracket is obliquely arranged; the photovoltaic power generation module is also connected with the load module and the commercial power grid.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up photovoltaic power generation module and carrying out conversion utilization to solar energy, when improving clean energy utilization, also can reduce energy storage module and load module and acquire the electric energy from the commercial power electric wire netting in ordinary times and millet interval, be connected with the commercial power electric wire netting through photovoltaic power generation module simultaneously, when photovoltaic power generation module conversion electric energy satisfies the load power supply and energy storage module electric energy is stored full, through feeding the electric energy into the commercial power electric wire netting in order to avoid the waste of electric energy.
The invention is further provided with: the solar cell is connected into the junction box through a cable, the junction box comprises a lightning protection component, and the support is provided with a lightning rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can effectively avoid the equipment damage that the thunderbolt leads to through setting up lightning protection subassembly, through setting up the lightning rod on the support, avoid solar module to receive the thunderbolt influence in the use.
The invention is further provided with: the system further includes an EMS energy management unit having a side response mode, a time-of-use electricity price mode, and an operation mode of clean energy utilization.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out real-time supervision through setting up EMS energy management unit to photovoltaic power generation module and energy storage module for the route that load module obtained the electric energy can carry out fast switch over according to live, guarantees load module operating stability, makes photovoltaic power generation module can deposit unnecessary energy in the storage battery when illumination is sufficient simultaneously, uses when illumination is not enough, avoids the energy extravagant.
The invention is further provided with: a priority control unit is arranged between the photovoltaic power generation module and the energy storage module, between the photovoltaic power generation module and the load module as well as between the photovoltaic power generation module and the utility power grid, and the priority control unit is used for controlling the on-off of the photovoltaic power generation module and the energy storage module, between the photovoltaic power generation module and the load module as well as between the photovoltaic power generation module and the utility power grid; the priority control unit includes:
the detection circuit is used for detecting the external illumination intensity and the time period, and outputting a detection signal when the illumination intensity and the peak time period are detected;
and the control circuit is used for receiving and responding to the detection signal, outputting a control signal when receiving the detection signal, and controlling the photovoltaic power generation module to be connected with the mains supply power grid and disconnected with the load module and the energy storage module.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, control through setting up the break-make between photovoltaic power generation module and energy storage module, load module and the commercial power electric wire netting, detect illumination intensity and the period that is located through detection circuitry, when photovoltaic power generation module is in the time of having light and peak, switch through control circuit to photovoltaic power generation module's connection to realize at peak period, when illumination intensity satisfies solar module's power generation requirement, be connected photovoltaic power generation module and commercial power electric wire netting through priority control unit, make photovoltaic power generation module discharge the commercial power electric wire netting, thereby alleviate the power supply pressure of commercial power electric wire netting at peak period.
The invention is further provided with: the detection circuit includes:
the illumination intensity detector is used for detecting the external illumination intensity and outputting a high level when the illumination intensity is detected;
the singlechip outputs high level in peak time period, and outputs low level in valley time period and flat time period;
and the logic gate element is coupled with the illumination intensity detector and the singlechip and is used for receiving output signals of the illumination intensity detector and the singlechip and outputting detection signals.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up detection element of detection circuitry, illumination intensity detector detects illumination intensity, and the singlechip is according to the time quantum preset high-low level, under the integration of logic gate element, in peak period, when illumination intensity satisfies solar module's electricity generation requirement, output detection signal.
The invention is further provided with: the control circuit comprises a switching element, a relay and a battery, wherein a control electrode of the switching element is connected to the output end of the logic gate element, and the switching element is connected between the battery and the ground in series; the exciting coil of the relay is connected in series between the battery and the switching element, the first normally-closed contact of the relay is connected in series between the photovoltaic power generation module and the energy storage module and the load module, and the second normally-open contact of the relay is connected in series between the photovoltaic power generation module and the mains supply power grid.
By adopting the technical scheme, the photovoltaic power generation module is connected with a commercial power grid and is connected with the load module and the energy storage module through the control circuit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an operation method of a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, when an electricity utilization period is a valley period, the power supply pressure of a commercial power grid is minimum in the period, the commercial power grid supplies power to the load module, and the energy storage module is charged until the load module is full;
s2, when the electricity consumption period is a flat period, the power supply pressure of a commercial power grid is small, the commercial power grid supplies power to the energy storage module, at the moment, if the energy storage module is fully charged, the operation is stopped in the period, and if the energy storage module is not fully charged, the electric energy is supplemented in the period;
s3, when the electricity consumption period is a peak period, the power supply pressure of the commercial power grid is high in the period, the energy storage module discharges the load module, and the priority control unit can control the photovoltaic power generation module to be connected with the commercial power grid and discharge the commercial power grid;
and S4, when the energy storage module enters a peak period before a valley period, the energy storage module discharges the load module and/or the mains supply power grid, and the electric energy stored by the energy storage module is less than five percent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the control method for storing and discharging the energy storage module is arranged, so that the utility power grid charges and stores energy to the energy storage module in the valley period, the energy storage module discharges the load in the peak period, the utility power grid supplies power to the load module in the normal period, the discharge condition of the energy storage module in the last peak period supplements the energy storage module, the energy storage module discharges the utility power grid in the peak period before entering the valley period, and supplements the energy of the utility power grid, thereby slowing down the power supply pressure of the utility power grid.
The invention is further provided with: and when the generating capacity of the photovoltaic power generation module in the valley period and the flat period is larger than the electric energy required by the load module, the photovoltaic power generation module stores the redundant generating capacity in the energy storage module until the energy storage module is full, and discharges to the mains supply grid after the energy storage module is full.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in valley period and flat period, the electric energy with photovoltaic power generation module is preferentially supplied with load module and reduces the waste of electric energy in the conversion process, through being full of the back at energy storage module, is connected photovoltaic power generation module and commercial power electric wire netting to supply the commercial power electric wire netting electric energy, avoid the electric energy waste.
In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the charging and discharging of the energy storage module are arranged, so that the energy storage module is used for storing electric energy of the mains supply power grid in and out of the valley period and the flat period, and the load module is discharged in the peak period, so that the electric energy acquired by the load module from the mains supply power grid in the peak period is reduced, the power supply pressure of the mains supply power grid is slowed down, and the power supply quality is improved; the photovoltaic power generation module is arranged to convert and utilize solar energy, so that the acquisition of electric energy in the commercial power grid by the load module is reduced, the peak period is realized by arranging the priority control unit, and when the illumination intensity meets the power generation requirement of the solar cell module, the photovoltaic power generation module is connected with the commercial power grid by the priority control unit, so that the photovoltaic power generation module discharges the commercial power grid, and the power supply pressure of the commercial power grid in the peak period is further relieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, mainly showing the circuit connection relationship between the constituent parts;
FIG. 3 is a partial structural circuit diagram of the present invention, mainly showing the composition of a photovoltaic power generation module;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic structural view of the present invention, mainly showing the relationship between the solar cell module and the holder.
In the figure: 1. an energy storage module; 11. a battery pack; 12. a bidirectional inverter; 2. a load module; 3. a photovoltaic power generation module; 31. a solar cell module; 32. a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter; 33. a junction box; 34. a bracket; 35. a power distribution protection device; 4. an EMS energy management unit; 5. a BMS battery management unit; 6. a priority control unit; 61. a detection circuit; 611. an illumination intensity detector; 612. a single chip microcomputer; 62. and a control circuit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system disclosed by the invention comprises an energy storage module 1 connected with a utility power grid, wherein the energy storage module 1 can acquire electric energy from the utility power grid and store the electric energy. The energy storage module 1 is connected with the load module 2 and can supply power to the load module 2, and meanwhile, the load module 2 is also connected with a mains supply grid and can acquire electric energy from the mains supply grid.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to reduce the consumption of electric energy in the utility power grid, the system further includes a photovoltaic power generation module 3, where the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is connected with the load module 2 and the energy storage module 1, and when the power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is greater than that of the load module 2, the electric energy can be stored in the energy storage module 1, so that the amount of electric energy obtained by the load module 2 and the energy storage module 1 to the utility power grid is reduced. The photovoltaic power generation module 3 includes a solar cell module 31 for converting solar energy, a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32 and a combiner box 33, wherein the solar cell module 31 in this embodiment is a polysilicon solar cell panel, and the solar cell panel is in an array design.
Referring to fig. 4, the solar cell module 31 is fixedly disposed on the bracket 34, and the bracket 34 is disposed in an inclined manner. The solar cell module 31 fixedly installed corresponding to the inclination angle receives solar radiation energy related to the installation inclination angle of the bracket 34, when the following formula is calculated according to the radiation amount: rβ=sx [ sin (α+β)/sin α ] +d, where: r beta is the total solar radiation quantity on the inclined photovoltaic array surface, S is the direct solar radiation quantity on the horizontal plane, D is the scattered radiation quantity, alpha is the solar altitude angle of noon hours, beta is the inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, and the inclination angle of the support 34 is adjusted according to the installation position of the support 34 and the local weather station data, and in the embodiment, the solar radiation energy received by the solar module is maximum all year round when the installation inclination angle of the support 34 is about 25 degrees. In order to prevent the solar cell module 31 from being affected by lightning during use, the bracket 34 is made of a metal material, and the bracket 34 is fixedly provided with a lightning rod (not shown in the figure); in addition, in the embodiment, the bracket 34 is made of a Q235 hot dip galvanized steel sheet, so that the bracket 34 is not easy to corrode and rust in the use process.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32 adopts the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32 with rated power of 60KW, and the core control of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32 adopts the SVPWM-based impact-free synchronous grid-connected technology and a multi-path PPT system, so that the system has perfect fault self-checking, protecting and displaying functions, higher reliability and adaptability to severe power grid environments. Since the dc operating voltage range of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32 is 450Vdc to 850Vdc, and the influence of the temperature change coefficient is considered, the number of components of the solar cell module 31 connected in series should be 24, and 12 strings are provided in total, and the actual generated power can reach 66kw p.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the solar cell module 31 is connected to the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32, and the output end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32 is connected to the bus bar of the bus box 33 through a cable, and is connected to the 400V distribution system through the bus bar of the bus box 33, so that the electric energy obtained by converting solar energy by the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is fed into the 400V line. The combiner box 33 contains lightning protection components, and equipment damage caused by lightning stroke can be effectively avoided by arranging the lightning protection components. A power distribution protection device 35 is arranged between the combiner box 33 and the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 32, and the power distribution protection device 35 comprises a visual breakpoint, overcurrent detection, a three-phase compound switch, a three-phase kilowatt-hour meter and the like, so that equipment protection is realized for abnormal conditions in a circuit. The photovoltaic power generation module 3 does not generate power when the solar cell module 31 does not receive radiant energy, and does not generate power when the power grid fails or the power substation fails temporarily due to maintenance or the like, and after the power grid is restored, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 can detect restoration of the power grid and automatically restore grid-connected power generation.
Referring to fig. 2, the energy storage module 1 includes a storage battery 11 for storing electric energy and a bi-directional inverter 12, and when the utility grid supplies energy to the energy storage module 1, the electric energy obtained by the energy storage module 1 is stored in the storage battery 11, and at the same time, the storage battery 11 can discharge the electric energy stored therein to the utility grid through the bi-directional inverter 12. The bidirectional inverter 12 adopts an alternating current coupling mode, can independently operate and can perform energy interaction with a power grid, has the functions of off-grid, grid-connected discharging, grid-connected charging and bidirectional electric energy flow control, and realizes off-grid seamless switching. The energy storage module 1 adopts a peak clipping and valley filling mode, acquires electric energy from the mains supply power grid in valley period and flat period, stores the electric energy in the storage battery 11, and discharges the electric energy outwards in peak period, so that the power supply pressure of the mains supply power grid in the power consumption peak period is relieved, and the power supply quality of the mains supply power grid is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the storage battery 11 is not only used for storing electric energy from a utility power grid, but also used for storing electric energy of the photovoltaic power generation module 3, in this embodiment, the storage battery 11 is configured by adopting a lithium iron phosphate core of a square aluminum shell of EC-AUU206-NAH3L7 as a basic battery unit, and the storage battery 11 is formed by connecting a plurality of basic battery units of 100KWh in series, so that uninterrupted power supply to a load in an off-grid state can be ensured for a period of time, and safe and reliable operation of the load is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, the system further includes an EMS energy management unit 4 and a BMS battery management unit 5, and the EMS energy management unit 4 is provided with a side response mode, a time-of-use electricity price mode, and a clean energy utilization operation mode, and can store surplus energy into the storage battery 11 when the illumination is sufficient, and can be used when the illumination is insufficient, thereby avoiding energy waste. The BMS battery management unit 5 collects and processes important information in the operation process of the battery pack 11 in real time, exchanges information with external devices, and alarms and protects in real time in the operation process of the battery pack 11.
Referring to fig. 2, a priority control unit 6 is provided between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the energy storage module 1, the load module 2 and the utility grid, and the on-off between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the energy storage module 1, the load module 2 and the utility grid is controlled by providing the priority control unit 6. The priority control unit 6 includes a detection circuit 61 and a control circuit 62, the detection circuit 61 being configured to detect an external illumination intensity and a time period in which the external illumination intensity and the peak time period are located, and to output a detection signal when the illumination intensity and the peak time period are detected; the control circuit 62 is configured to receive and respond to the detection signal, and when receiving the detection signal, output a control signal to control the photovoltaic power generation module 3 to be connected to the utility grid and disconnected from the connection between the load module 2 and the energy storage module 1, so as to implement a peak period, and when the illumination intensity meets the power generation requirement of the solar module 31, connect the photovoltaic power generation module 3 to the utility grid through the priority control unit 6, so that the photovoltaic power generation module 3 discharges the utility grid, thereby reducing the power supply pressure of the utility grid in the peak period.
Referring to fig. 2, the detection circuit 61 includes an illumination intensity detector 611, a single-chip microcomputer 612, AND a logic gate element AND, AND outputs of the illumination intensity detector 611 AND the single-chip microcomputer 612 are connected to two inputs of the logic gate element AND. The illumination intensity detector 611 is disposed on the bracket 34 for detecting the illumination intensity of the outside and outputting a high level when the illumination intensity satisfies the condition that the solar cell module 31 converts it into electric energy; the single chip microcomputer 612 outputs a high level or a low level according to the power supply requirement of the mains supply grid, and can also be adjusted according to the requirement of a user, in the embodiment, the single chip microcomputer 612 outputs the high level in peak time periods and outputs the low level in valley time periods and flat time periods; the logic gate element AND employs an AND gate, AND when the illumination intensity detector 611 AND the singlechip 612 both output a high level, the detection signal output by the logic gate element AND is a high level.
Referring to fig. 2, the control circuit 62 includes a battery VCC for supplying power, a switching element Q, AND a relay KM, wherein a control electrode of the switching element Q is connected to an output terminal of the logic gate element AND, the switching element Q adopts an NPN transistor, a collector of the switching element Q is connected in series with an exciting coil of the relay KM, the other end of the exciting coil of the relay KM is coupled to the battery VCC, AND an emitter of the switching element Q is grounded through a protection resistor. A first normally-closed contact KM-1 of a relay KM is arranged between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the energy storage module 1 and between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the load module 2, and a second normally-open contact KM-2 of the relay KM is arranged between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the commercial power grid. When the logic gate circuit outputs a high level, the switching element Q is conducted, the exciting coil of the relay KM is electrified, so that the first normally-closed contact KM-1 is opened, the second normally-open contact KM-2 is closed, connection between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the energy storage module 1 and the load module 2 is disconnected, and the photovoltaic power generation module is connected with a mains supply grid, so that electric energy generated by the solar cell module 31 is directly fed into the mains supply grid, voltage force of the mains supply grid during a power utilization peak period is relieved, and the problem of unstable power utilization supply of the peak is solved.
Referring to fig. 2, an operation method of the photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system includes the following steps:
s1, when a power utilization period is a valley period, the power supply pressure of a commercial power grid is minimum in the period, the commercial power grid supplies power to the load module 2, and the energy storage module 1 is charged until full;
s2, when the electricity consumption period is a flat period, the power supply pressure of a commercial power grid is small, the commercial power grid supplies power to the energy storage module 1, at the moment, if the energy storage module 1 is fully charged, the operation is stopped in the period, and if the energy storage module 1 is not fully charged, the electric energy is supplemented in the period;
s3, when the electricity consumption period is a peak period, the power supply pressure of the commercial power grid is high in the period, the energy storage module 1 discharges the load module 2, and the priority control unit 6 can control the photovoltaic power generation module 3 to be connected with the commercial power grid and discharge the commercial power grid;
and S4, when the energy storage module 1 enters a peak period before a valley period, the BMS energy management unit 4EMS controls the energy storage module 1 to discharge the load module 2 and/or the mains supply grid, and enables the electric energy stored by the energy storage module 1 to be less than five percent.
The peak period of the application scene of this embodiment is divided into three time periods, which are respectively: 9:00-11:30, 14:00-16:30, 19:00-21:00; the flat time period is divided into four time periods, which are respectively: 7:00-9:00, 11:30-14:00, 16:30-19:00, 21:00-23:00, and valley period 23:00-7:00.
The energy storage module 1 is charged until full while the load module 2 is supplied by the utility grid at 23:00-7:00, valley period. Because the charging time of the time end is 8 hours, the charging multiplying power can be slowly charged by 0.1-0.2C, so that the heat energy generated by partial current in order to counteract counter-potential acting during large-current charging is reduced, the electric energy loss is reduced, and the influence of the heat energy on the service life of the storage battery 11 is reduced.
And in the period of 7:00-9:00, the time period is a normal period, and the energy storage module 1 stops working in the period because the battery is fully charged in the upper stage, and the utility power grid supplies power to the load module 2 so as to ensure the power consumption requirement of the load module 2.
The time period is a peak period in 9:00-11:30, and because the utility power grid is in tension and has high electricity price in the time period, the energy storage module 1 discharges the load module 2 by adopting the discharge multiplying power of 0.3-0.5C so as to maintain the normal operation of the load module 2, and when the energy storage module 1 is in insufficient power, the utility power grid supplies power to the load module 2.
In the period of 11:30-14:00, which is a normal period, the energy storage module 1 is discharged outwards in the previous stage, the storage battery 11 needs to be supplemented with electric energy, the utility power grid supplies power to the load module 2, and meanwhile, the energy storage module 1 is charged in and out, and the charging multiplying power is 0.1-0.2C for slow charging.
In the period of 14:00-16:30, the peak period is the period of time, the energy storage module 1 discharges the load module 2 again due to the electric energy supplement in the previous stage, and when the electric energy of the energy storage module 1 is insufficient, the utility power grid supplies power to the load module 2 again.
At 16:30-19:00, the time period is a normal period, and the energy storage module 1 acquires and stores electric energy from the mains supply grid because the next period is a peak period.
In the period of 19:00-21:00, the time period is a peak period, the energy storage module 1 discharges the load module 2, and when the energy storage module 1 is insufficient in electric energy, the utility power grid supplies power to the load module 2; if the energy storage module 1 is sufficiently charged, the energy storage module 1 discharges to the utility grid while discharging to the load module 2 in this period of time, and the electric energy storage of the battery pack 11 is made to be less than five percent, since the next two phases thereof are the flat period and the valley period, respectively.
In the period of 21:00-23:00, the period is a flat period, and since the energy storage module 1 discharges outwards in the previous stage and is basically discharged, and the next stage is a valley period, the energy storage module 1 stops working in the period, and the utility power grid supplies power to the load module 2.
Referring to fig. 2, because the photovoltaic power generation module 3 can convert solar energy into electric energy when there is illumination in the daytime, the priority principle that the load module 2 obtains electric energy in the peak period is that the energy storage module 1 is prioritized over the utility power grid, the energy storage module 1 supplies power to the load module 2, so that the obtaining of electric energy of the utility power grid by the load module 2 is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the energy storage module 1 in the peak period is improved; when the energy stored by the energy storage module 1 is insufficient, the load module 2 obtains the electric energy from the mains supply grid to ensure the normal operation of the self-operation. Because the period is in peak period and has illumination, the illumination intensity detector 611 and the singlechip 612 both output high level, so the logic gate circuit outputs high level, and the switching element Q is conducted, so that the connection between the photovoltaic power generation module 3 and the load module 2 and the energy storage module 1 is disconnected, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is connected with a mains supply power grid and directly discharges to the mains supply power grid, and the electric energy loss caused by the rotation of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 through the energy storage module 1 is avoided, thereby improving the stability of the power supply of the mains supply power grid.
Referring to fig. 2, the priority principle of the load module 2 for obtaining electric energy in the valley period and the flat period is that the photovoltaic module takes precedence over the utility grid, when the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 in the valley period and the flat period is greater than the electric energy required by the load module 2, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 stores the redundant generated energy in the energy storage module 1, so that the electric energy obtained by the energy storage module 1 to the utility grid is reduced; after the energy storage module 1 is fully charged under the electric energy supplement of the photovoltaic power generation module 3, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 discharges surplus electric energy to a commercial power grid through the energy storage module 1, so that electric energy waste is avoided. When the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 in the valley period and the flat period is smaller than the electric energy required by the load module 2, the load module 2 obtains part of the electric energy required by the utility power grid so as to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation module can work normally.
For a commercial power grid, the electric energy in and out of a valley period and a flat period is stored, and the electric energy is used in a peak period, so that the power supply pressure of the commercial power grid in the peak period can be effectively relieved, and the power supply quality of the commercial power grid is improved; meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is utilized to improve the use of clean energy, and the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is directly connected with a mains supply power grid in a peak period, so that the power supply power grid is directly discharged, and the power supply pressure of the mains supply power grid is relieved. The load module 2 is powered through the photovoltaic power generation module 3 in valley period and flat period, and when the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is larger than the power consumption of the load module 2, the energy storage module 1 and the mains supply can be discharged, so that the acquisition of the electric energy on the mains supply grid by the load module 2 is reduced.
For enterprises, the electricity price of valley period and peace period is lower than that of peak period while ensuring the normal production work electricity demand of the enterprises, the electric energy of the valley period and peace period is stored in and out, and the photovoltaic power generation system can be used in the peak period, so that the electricity consumption cost of the enterprises can be effectively reduced, the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation module 3 is fed into a commercial power grid in the peak period, the electric quantity in the energy storage module 1 is discharged to the commercial power grid in the previous peak period of the valley period, the electric energy storage in the photovoltaic power generation module is emptied, and the electricity consumption efficiency and economic benefit of the enterprises are improved.
The embodiments of the present invention are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system which characterized in that: the energy storage device comprises an energy storage module (1) connected with a mains supply power grid, wherein the energy storage module (1) is connected with a load module (2) and can supply power to the load module (2), and the load module (2) is connected with the mains supply power grid and can acquire electric energy from the mains supply power grid; the energy storage module (1) comprises a storage battery (11) for storing electric energy and a bidirectional inverter (12), and the storage battery (11) can discharge to a commercial power grid and the load module (2) through the bidirectional inverter (12);
the energy storage module (1) is also connected with a photovoltaic power generation module (3), and the photovoltaic power generation module (3) comprises a solar cell module (31), a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter (32) and a combiner box (33) for converting solar energy; the photovoltaic power generation module (3) is also connected with the load module (2) and a mains supply grid;
a priority control unit (6) is arranged between the photovoltaic power generation module (3) and the energy storage module (1), between the load module (2) and the utility power grid, and the priority control unit (6) is used for controlling the on-off of the photovoltaic power generation module (3) and the energy storage module (1), between the load module (2) and the utility power grid; the priority control unit (6) controls the priority principle that the load module (2) acquires electric energy in a peak period to be that the energy storage module (1) takes priority over a mains supply power grid; the priority control unit (6) controls the load module (2) to acquire electric energy in valley period and flat period according to the priority principle that the photovoltaic power generation module (3) takes precedence over a mains supply power grid;
the priority control unit (6) includes:
a detection circuit (61) for detecting the external illumination intensity and the time period, and outputting a detection signal when the illumination intensity and the peak time period are detected;
the control circuit (62) is used for receiving and responding to the detection signal, outputting a control signal when the detection signal is received, and controlling the photovoltaic power generation module (3) to be connected with a mains supply grid and disconnected with the load module (2) and the energy storage module (1);
the energy storage module (1) acquires electric energy from a commercial power grid in valley period and flat period, stores the electric energy in the storage battery pack (11) and discharges the electric energy outwards in peak period; the energy storage module (1) obtains the charging multiplying power of electric energy from the power grid to be 0.1-0.2C in the valley period;
the detection circuit (61) comprises an illumination intensity detector (611), a singlechip (612) AND a logic gate element AND, wherein the output ends of the illumination intensity detector (611) AND the singlechip (612) are connected with the two input ends of the logic gate element AND; the illumination intensity detector (611) is arranged on the bracket (34) and is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the outside and outputting high level when the illumination intensity meets the requirement that the solar cell module (31) converts the illumination intensity into electric energy; the singlechip (612) outputs high level or low level according to the power supply requirement of the mains supply grid, and can also be adjusted according to the user requirement, the singlechip (612) outputs high level in peak time period and low level in valley time period and flat time period; the logic gate element AND adopts an AND gate, AND when the illumination intensity detector (611) AND the singlechip (612) both output high level, the detection signal output by the logic gate element AND is high level;
the control circuit (62) comprises a battery VCC for supplying power, a switching element Q AND a relay KM, wherein a control electrode of the switching element Q is connected with an output end of a logic gate element AND, the switching element Q adopts an NPN triode, a collector electrode of the switching element Q is connected with an exciting coil of the relay KM in series, the other end of the exciting coil of the relay KM is coupled with the battery VCC, AND an emitter electrode of the switching element Q is grounded through a protection resistor; a first normally-closed contact KM-1 of a relay KM is arranged between the photovoltaic power generation module (3) and the energy storage module (1) and between the photovoltaic power generation module (3) and the load module (2), and a second normally-open contact KM-2 of the relay KM is arranged between the photovoltaic power generation module (3) and the commercial power grid.
2. The photovoltaic energy storage grid-tie power generation system of claim 1, wherein: the solar cell module (31) is arranged on the bracket (34), and the bracket (34) is obliquely arranged.
3. The photovoltaic energy storage grid-tie power generation system of claim 2, wherein: the solar battery is connected into the junction box (33) through a cable, the junction box (33) comprises a lightning protection component, and the support (34) is provided with a lightning rod.
4. The photovoltaic energy storage grid-tie power generation system of claim 2, wherein: the system further comprises an EMS energy management unit (4), wherein the EMS energy management unit (4) is provided with a side response mode, a time-of-use electricity price mode and a clean energy utilization operation mode.
5. A method for operating a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system, employing a photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected power generation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, when an electricity utilization period is a valley period, the power supply pressure of a commercial power grid is minimum in the period, the commercial power grid supplies power to the load module (2), and the energy storage module (1) is charged until the load module is full; the charging multiplying power of the energy storage module (1) for acquiring electric energy from the power grid is 0.1-0.2 ℃;
s2, when the electricity consumption period is a flat period, the power supply pressure of a commercial power grid is small, the commercial power grid supplies power to the energy storage module (1), at the moment, if the energy storage module (1) is fully charged, the operation is stopped in the period, and if the energy storage module (1) is not fully charged, the electric energy is supplemented in the period;
s3, when the electricity consumption period is a peak period, the power supply pressure of the commercial power grid is high, the energy storage module (1) discharges the load module (2), and the priority control unit (6) can control the photovoltaic power generation module (3) to be connected with the commercial power grid and discharge the commercial power grid;
and S4, when the energy storage module (1) enters a peak period before a valley period, the energy storage module (1) discharges the load module (2) and/or the mains supply power grid, and the electric energy stored by the energy storage module (1) is less than five percent.
6. The method for operating a photovoltaic energy storage grid-tie power generation system of claim 5, wherein: and when the generating capacity of the photovoltaic power generation module (3) in the valley period and the flat period is larger than the electric energy required by the load module (2), the photovoltaic power generation module (3) stores the redundant generating capacity in the energy storage module (1) until the energy storage module is full, and discharges to a mains supply grid after the energy storage module (1) is fully charged.
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