CN110012015A - A kind of internet of things data sharing method and system based on block chain - Google Patents
A kind of internet of things data sharing method and system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN110012015A CN110012015A CN201910280490.8A CN201910280490A CN110012015A CN 110012015 A CN110012015 A CN 110012015A CN 201910280490 A CN201910280490 A CN 201910280490A CN 110012015 A CN110012015 A CN 110012015A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0823—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using certificates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3263—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements
- H04L9/3268—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements using certificate validation, registration, distribution or revocation, e.g. certificate revocation list [CRL]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of internet of things data sharing method and system based on block chain, system includes certificate management module, gateway module and channel；Method includes that internet of things equipment is applied for the registration of by gateway module to CA, and CA returns to certificate to gateway module, and is stored in the certificate management module in gateway module；Gateway module receives data information and is handled, and is sent to node by Fabric SDK；Node is endorsed, and Fabric SDK is returned to；The data information being collected into is sent to sequence service according to endorsement strategy by Fabric SDK, and sequence service is packaged into block after being ranked up in chronological order, the node being broadcast in channel；After node receives block, it is verified, local account book is written into block.The present invention helps participant directly to establish trust under the premise of not by single trusted party mechanism, ensures that data can be shared safely, promotes value delivery efficiency, block chain data structure reduces the risk that data are tampered.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of based on block chain the present invention relates to block chain technical field and internet of things field
Internet of things data sharing method and system.
Background technique
Internet of Things is the network for connecting shared information between article by internet.With the hair of technology of Internet of things
Exhibition, the structure of network is increasingly complicated, and explosive growth is presented in the data volume of acquisition, and problem of detached island of information becomes increasingly conspicuous, how
Safely shared data becomes a huge challenge between different participants.A kind of typical mode is introduced into believable
Xin Hua mechanism is responsible for collection, transmission and management data by the mechanism, but this scheme has some significant defects:
1. centralization mechanism needs to be responsible for the management of equipment, data store and transmit, once it breaks down, and it is entire to be
System will sink into paralysis.
2. centralization mechanism is opaque to participant, power is excessive, if data may be usurped by external attack
Change.
3. data transmission has to pass through centralization mechanism, and some private datas of data providing may prefer to directly
It is shared with data requirements side.
Block chain originate from bit coin, be it is a kind of by safeguarding in many ways, the distributed account book technology that data can not be changed, have
Decentralization is safeguarded, can not be distorted jointly, the features such as encryption safe.It can make to join in the case where the mechanism of off center
It builds up mutual trust with side, this advantage is suitable for improving the existing framework of Internet of Things.Block chain ensures account book data by common recognition mechanism
Consistency, any participant can not absolutely obtain the control of account book.Data are packed into block by it in chronological order, often
A block includes the summary info of previous block, to form the data structure of chain type, and guarantees cochain in a manner of cryptography
Data are not tampered and forge.Block chain also comprising intelligent contract (also referred to as chain code), rule or contract can generally be encoded
It is deployed on block chain for program, is executed automatically after trigger condition by prior agreement.
According to the difference of participant's permission, block chain is generally divided into publicly-owned chain, privately owned chain and alliance's chain.Open source
Hyperledger Fabric is the representative of alliance's chain, it increases and support on the basis of utmostly retaining block chain advantage
Rights management and authentication, pluggable, expansible, know together mechanism, member service, Encryption Algorithm, bottom number in design
It can flexibly be replaced according to library etc., facilitate the use demand for meeting different scenes.Hyperledger Fabric is by CA
The management that (Certificate Authority, certification authority) realizes permission has been isolated different using channel mechanism
Participant.
The prior art due to introduce centralization mechanism, generally existing Single Point of Faliure problem, data sharing is opaque, exist by
The risk distorted, the availability of data and safety cannot ensure.The technical solution of the application utilizes the decentralization of block chain
Feature, dispersed provide service node, reduce Single Point of Faliure risk；The data knot that this can not be distorted using block chain
Structure, transparency when improving shared ensure that the complete reliable of data.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of internet of things data sharing method based on block chain and is
System, effectively prevents Single Point of Faliure problem, improves data sharing efficiency, digital right management scheme ensure that the safety of system
And privacy, block chain data structure reduce the risk that data are tampered.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is:
A kind of internet of things data sharing method based on block chain, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: internet of things equipment is applied for the registration of by gateway module to the first CA, and the first CA is returned to gateway module and demonstrate,proved
Book, and it is stored in the certificate management module in gateway module；
Step 2: gateway module receives the data information of internet of things equipment, handles data information, and will be after processing
Data information the node in channel is sent to by Fabric SDK；
Step 3: after the node in channel receives the data information of Fabric SDK transmission, endorse to data information,
And the data information after endorsement is returned into Fabric SDK；
Data information after the endorsement being collected into is sent to sequence service according to endorsement strategy by step 4:Fabric SDK,
Sequence service is packaged into block after being ranked up in chronological order to the data information received, the node being broadcast in channel；
Step 5: after the node in channel receives block, it is verified, it is local by being written by the block after verifying
Account book.
It includes following procedure that the internet of things equipment, which is applied for the registration of by gateway module to the first CA:
Gateway module sends HTTP POST request to the enroll interface of the first CA, and the first CA is tested after receiving request
Card, if legal, is locally generated certificate, returns to gateway, if illegal, send back to illegal prompt to gateway module.
It is described to data information carry out processing include: format conversion, data cleansing, data normalization.
The endorsement are as follows: node checks the legitimacy and permission of the Fabric SDK data information sent, if
Inspection passes through, then simulates to the state change for receiving data information generation, right if the data result of simulation is legal
The data information is guaranteed.
Whether the verifying includes: transaction message structure, signature integrality, repeats, reads and writes whether collection form a version matches.
Further include enquiry module to the 2nd CA application certificate, and carry certificate by call chain code to the account book in channel into
Row access.
The gateway module includes:
Certificate management module, for storing the certificate of internet of things equipment；
Data receiver and processing module will be handled for receiving the data information of internet of things equipment and handling it
Data information afterwards is sent to Fabric SDK；
Fabric SDK, for being interacted with channel.
The sequence service are as follows: carry out global sequence for legal data informations all in network, and in batches will wherein
Data information combination producing block structure after sequence.
A kind of internet of things data shared system based on block chain, comprising:
Internet of things equipment, for sending application for registration and data information to gateway module；
Gateway module, for being applied for the registration of according to the application for registration of internet of things equipment to the first CA, the card in gateway module
Book management module receives the certificate that the first CA is returned；Data receiver and processing module in gateway module receive internet of things equipment
Data information handles data information；Fabric SDK in gateway module will treated that data information is sent to is logical
Node in road, and the data information after the endorsement being collected into is sent to according to endorsement strategy by the sequence service in channel；
Channel, including several nodes and sequence service, it is right after interior joint receives the data information of Fabric SDK transmission
Data information is endorsed, and the data information after endorsement is returned to Fabric SDK；The data received are believed in sequence service
Breath is packaged into block after being ranked up in chronological order, the node being broadcast in channel；It is right after node in channel receives block
It is verified, and local account book will be written by the block after verifying.
Further include enquiry module, to the 2nd CA application certificate, and carries certificate by calling chain code to the account book in channel
It accesses.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantage:
1. Internet of Things net topology decentralization, height of node is autonomous, even if certain nodes break downs, system integrally still can
It is enough to work normally；
2. providing safely and flexibly digital right management scheme by CA, guarantee that only authorization member reads and writes data, data are in difference
Participant between can be shared safely；
3. data are safeguarded jointly by multiple participants, one party will not integrally be received distorting for data by system,
The data of write-in can not be changed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system schematic of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.Many details are explained in the following description in order to fully understand this hair
It is bright.But the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can not disobey
Similar improvement is done in the case where back invention intension, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.It is specific that description is intended merely in the term used in the description of invention herein
Embodiment purpose, it is not intended that in limitation the present invention.
It is as shown in Figure 1 system schematic of the invention.
A kind of internet of things data sharing method based on block chain, it is characterised in that:
Block chain network is constructed based on Hyperledger Fabric, negotiates the configuration of the network by Internet of Things participant,
Common maintenance；Participant is subordinated to respective tissue, and tissue carries out member identities' management by CA, and safeguards sequence service and section
Point, the account book in node utilize this data structure of block chain storing data in the way of it can not distort；Pass through foundation between tissue
Channel is isolated from the outside, so as in channel interior shared data；These data are not controlled by single side, but logical based on negotiation
The maintenance of road strategy collective；
Gateway module is responsible for that data, including certificate pipe are handled and transmitted between internet of things equipment and the block chain network
Manage module, data receiver and processing module, Fabric SDK；The certificate management module help the internet of things equipment being newly added to
CA application certificate is encrypted after receiving the certificate that CA is returned and is stored in local data base, and record certificate and internet of things equipment
Corresponding relationship；The data receiver and processing module carry out necessary cleaning, format turn to the data that internet of things equipment acquires
The processing such as change, be packaged；The Fabric SDK is that the data that previous step has been handled carry out using the certificate of corresponding internet of things equipment
Signature, is sent to corresponding channel after being encapsulated；The Fabric SDK is a set of developing instrument, encapsulates node offer
Service interface.
Enquiry module inquires data for data requirements side；The enquiry module carries itself certificate, calls chain code
The data recorded on access account book, related personnel or equipment can be utilized further.
The gateway module monitors all kinds of events in the block chain network, takes next step based on event
Operation.
It is able to record the accessory channel of inquiry log for channel creation, forms double-strand system；Logarithm on the channel
According to inquiry each time, all by chain code call accessory channel chain code, the information such as queried for items and query time are write
Enter accessory channel；Once the data in the channel are revealed, by analyzing the record of accessory channel, weak ring can be traced
The range of section and leakage.
More fine-grained control is carried out to private data, it, will be hidden when the gateway module sends data to the channel
Private data are stored in special domain, and the chain code on node detects the special domain, the automatic hashed value for calculating private data, subsequent
Only to the channel broadcast hash value, true value is stored in node local data base；When data requirements side desires access to privacy number
According to when, can be requested to node, if the data requirements side is granted permission, node reads from local or has number to other
According to node request after data are returned, data requirements side calculates hashed value to the data received, by the value and charges to account book
Value compares the authenticity to confirm data.
Embodiment:
Internet of things equipment uses DHT22 Temperature Humidity Sensor in embodiment, is connected to gateway by GPIO stitch.
Gateway uses raspberry pie 3B, and Raspbian Stretch Lite system is housed, wireless network and CA and area are passed through
Block chain network is connected.Wherein, CA is realized using Fabric CA, and operation is on the server.Python script is run on gateway,
For receiving data from GPIO stitch and being handled.The subsequent step interacted with CA of gateway is as follows:
1. the new identity that internet of things equipment is added of gateway confirmation, obtains the metadata such as its device type, device id is arranged.
If gateway calls the RESTful API of Fabric CA 2. confirmation is errorless, the CA application equipment organized to place
Letter of identity.
After 3.CA receives application, necessary certificate material is generated, gateway is returned to.CA is in advance in block chain network
Channel, sequence service, authorized in the configuration of components such as node, therefore its issue ECerts (certificate of registration),
TCerts (certificate of fair) etc. can be used in a network.
4. after gateway receives certificate, being handed over to local certificate management module, it is stored in by certificate management module encryption
Local data base, and record the corresponding relationship of certificate and internet of things equipment.
Aforementioned block chain network include 1 channel, 1 group of sequence service on Apache Kafka, belong to Org1 and
Several nodes of Org2 tissue, Org1 provide data, and Org2 obtains data.These deployment of components on a different server, lead to
Cross gRPC protocol communication.
It is equipped with authorization policy in the configuration file in block chain network and channel, defines that member has those specific power
Limit.
Gateway using corresponding internet of things equipment certificate will treated that data are signed, lead to after being packaged into transaction motion
Cross the node that Fabric SDK is sent in channel.
Node and sequence service endorse to the transaction received, are sorted, whole nodes, write-in in final broadcast to channel
Local account book.
Preferably, gateway monitors all kinds of events in block chain network, and the operation of next step is taken based on event.
Preferably, the accessory channel of inquiry log is able to record for channel creation, and then it is attached to instantiate calling on a passage
Belong to the related chain code of channel chain code, so that the inquiry each time to data, all records the range of inquiry and the information of inquiry
To accessory channel.
Preferably, gateway module to the node in channel send data when, by private data be stored in transient this
In one special domain, the chain code on node detects the special domain, the automatic hashed value for calculating private data, subsequent only wide to channel
Train value is sent out, true value is stored in node local private data library.When data requirements side desires access to private data, Ke Yixiang
Node request, if the data requirements side is granted permission, node is asked from local reading or to other nodes for having data
Data are returned after asking, data requirements side calculates hashed value to the data that receive, which is compared with the value for charging to account book with
Confirm the authenticity of data.
Enquiry module is web application, and it is data that bottom, which inquires chain code by the API Calls that Fabric SDK is provided,
Party in request provides the allowed data of pass strategy.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of internet of things data sharing method based on block chain, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: internet of things equipment is applied for the registration of by gateway module to the first CA, and the first CA returns to certificate to gateway module, and
The certificate management module being stored in gateway module；
Step 2: gateway module receive internet of things equipment data information, data information is handled, and will treated number
It is believed that the node that breath is sent in channel by Fabric SDK；
Step 3: after the node in channel receives the data information of Fabric SDK transmission, endorsing to data information, and will
Data information after endorsement returns to Fabric SDK；
Data information after the endorsement being collected into is sent to sequence service, sequence according to endorsement strategy by step 4:Fabric SDK
Service is packaged into block after being ranked up in chronological order to the data information received, the node being broadcast in channel；
Step 5: after the node in channel receives block, it being verified, local account book will be written by the block after verifying.
2. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: the Internet of Things
It includes following procedure that equipment, which is applied for the registration of by gateway module to the first CA:
Gateway module sends HTTP POST request to the enroll interface of the first CA, and the first CA is verified after receiving request, such as
Fruit is legal, is locally generated certificate, returns to gateway, if illegal, sends back to illegal prompt to gateway module.
3. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: described to data
It includes: format conversion, data cleansing, data normalization that information, which carries out processing,.
4. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: the endorsement
Are as follows: node checks the legitimacy and permission of the Fabric SDK data information sent, passes through if checked, to receiving
The state change that the data information generates is simulated, if the data result of simulation is legal, is protected to the data information
Card.
5. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: the verifying packet
Include: whether transaction message structure signature integrality, repeats, reads and writes whether collection form a version matches.
6. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: enquiry module to
2nd CA application certificate, and certificate is carried by calling chain code to access the account book in channel.
7. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: the net
Closing module includes:
Certificate management module, for storing the certificate of internet of things equipment；
Data receiver and processing module, for receiving the data information of internet of things equipment and handling it, by treated
Data information is sent to Fabric SDK；
Fabric SDK, for being interacted with channel.
8. the internet of things data sharing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, it is characterised in that: the sequence clothes
Business are as follows: carry out global sequence for legal data informations all in network, and in batches by the data information group after wherein sorting
Symphysis is at block structure.
9. a kind of internet of things data shared system based on any one of claim 1~8 the method characterized by comprising
Internet of things equipment, for sending application for registration and data information to gateway module；
Gateway module, for being applied for the registration of according to the application for registration of internet of things equipment to the first CA, the certificate pipe in gateway module
It manages module and receives the certificate that the first CA is returned；Data receiver and processing module in gateway module receive the data of internet of things equipment
Information handles data information；By treated, data information is sent in channel Fabric SDK in gateway module
Node, and the data information after the endorsement being collected into is sent to according to endorsement strategy by the sequence service in channel；
Channel, including several nodes and sequence service, after interior joint receives the data information of Fabric SDK transmission, to data
Information is endorsed, and the data information after endorsement is returned to Fabric SDK；Sequence service to the data information received by
Time sequencing is packaged into block after being ranked up, the node being broadcast in channel；After node in channel receives block, to its into
Local account book will be written by the block after verifying in row verifying.
10. the internet of things data shared system according to claim 9 based on block chain, which is characterized in that further include looking into
Module is ask, to the 2nd CA application certificate, and carries certificate by calling chain code to access the account book in channel.
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| CN110730081A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-01-24 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Block chain network-based certificate revocation method, related equipment and medium |
| CN110866272A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-06 | 杭州趣链科技有限公司 | Method for preventing data leakage in data sharing based on block chain |
| CN110933187A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-27 | 成都康胜思科技有限公司 | Internet of things data transmission system based on block chain consensus encryption mechanism |
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