CN109904041B - A two-pole circuit breaker with L pole and N pole controlled by information - Google Patents

Abstract

The information-controlled diode breaker with the L pole and the N pole is characterized in that at least three cavities are formed in a shell, a handle, an operating mechanism, a tripping mechanism, a moving contact, a fixed contact, a shunt tripping device, a magnetic tripping device, a thermal overload tripping device, an electronic control unit and a wireless communication module are arranged in the at least three cavities, the wireless communication module is arranged on the electronic control unit, at least one current sensor is arranged in at least one cavity below the breaker, and part of electronic circuit board components in the electronic control unit are arranged in the area from the left side of the N pole moving contact to the edge of the shell; the method is characterized in that: the shunt release is arranged at the rear part of the release rod or at any position in the magnetic release, in the front part or in the rear part.

Description

Information-controlled diode breaker with L pole and N pole

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of piezoelectric devices, in particular to an information-controlled diode breaker with an L pole and an N pole.

Background

At present, the national power grid is rapidly developed towards the intelligent power distribution direction, the intelligent of the low-voltage power distribution network is realized by utilizing technologies such as the Internet of things, digitalization and the like, the transparent management level of the last kilometer equipment and power consumption of the low-voltage power distribution network is improved, and the power supply quality and reliability are improved, so that the circuit breaker is required to have the functions of remote signaling, remote measurement, remote regulation and remote control besides the normal power distribution protection function.

In order to meet the needs of intelligent development of a national power grid, embody humanization and protect the safety of the power grid, the real-time monitoring of the residual current in a residence, the current of a main loop and the on-off state of the breaker is needed through the breaker, the monitored data are uploaded in real time, and meanwhile, a power grid service center can perform selective operation according to the monitored residual current value: the circuit breaker only reminds the user without carrying out residual current protection in the circuit, or forcibly cuts off the circuit to carry out residual current protection through a communication command, or automatically carries out residual current protection in the circuit when a certain set value is reached; the upper communication module also needs to analyze according to the internal temperature of the circuit breaker and the loop current data to determine whether the fault of the circuit breaker is damaged due to overhigh internal temperature of the circuit breaker caused by the virtual connection of the main loop line on site; the upper communication module needs to be capable of monitoring the voltage value of a circuit breaker loop in real time, carrying out remote upgrading on related functions of the circuit breaker, realizing functions of remote control switching-on or switching-off operation of the circuit breaker and the like, and along with the continuous development of intelligent power grid, the functional requirements are increased continuously.

In response, the existing domestic distribution boxes in the whole country basically only have the traditional functions of overload protection, short-circuit protection and residual current protection, the demands of intelligent development are far kept up, the number of the distribution boxes with the traditional functions is not lower than 200 ten thousand on average every province, the number of the distribution boxes for the traditional domestic residents in the whole country is 5500 ten thousand to 7000 ten thousand, and the distribution boxes are required to be updated in the intelligent development process of the national power grid in order to meet the intelligent demands.

The traditional small residual current protection circuit breaker can only meet the partial requirements of automatic residual current protection in a circuit when the residual current value reaches a set value, other operation requirements of a power supply office cannot be realized, and if the functions of residual current monitoring, main loop current monitoring, circuit breaker state monitoring, circuit breaker internal temperature monitoring, main loop voltage monitoring, overload and short-circuit protection of a circuit or equipment, opening or closing of the circuit breaker by an external center control circuit breaker, residual current protection and the like are to be realized, and the functions of uploading and remotely upgrading data monitored by the circuit breaker in real time, remote closing or opening of the circuit breaker and the like are realized.

Another conventional solution is to make an improved design on the basis of the existing miniature circuit breaker with two poles, integrate all the functions described above into functional modules, install the functional modules inside the circuit breaker, the more functions required, the larger the corresponding functional modules. Because of the limitation of the internal structure of the existing circuit breaker, the scheme has two design ideas, the design ideas 1 are that the required functional modules are arranged along the width direction of the circuit breaker, and the required functional modules are arranged on the side surface of an operating mechanism of the circuit breaker, the layout does not additionally increase the size of the circuit breaker in the length direction, but increases the width of the circuit breaker, so that larger space is required to be occupied in the width direction in the distribution box, and the utilization rate of the internal space of the distribution box is smaller; the design idea 2 is to arrange the required functional modules along the length direction of the circuit breaker, so that the width of the circuit breaker is not increased, but the length of the circuit breaker is required to be increased, because the functional modules are more, the length space which is very large if all the functional requirements are met can be occupied, and the length space generally exceeds 110mm, but the length size requirement of the circuit breaker is generally required by the distribution box not to exceed 110mm.

In summary, the above two conventional solutions can lead to the fact that the existing residential distribution boxes in the whole country cannot meet the requirement of use, and the distribution boxes with larger size space need to be redesigned to meet the installation requirement of the functional intelligent circuit breaker. The cost of each distribution box is about 5000 yuan to 8000 yuan, if the existing resident distribution box is redesigned, on one hand, the cost is higher, the economic loss is huge, each province is about 100 hundred million to 160 hundred million yuan, and the national loss is 2800 hundred million to 5400 hundred million yuan; on the other hand, because the distribution box needs to be redesigned and manufactured, the related distribution lines can be readjusted, so the intelligent time for completing the distribution of the national power grid can be greatly prolonged; in addition, because the workload of replacing the resident distribution box is increased, the replacement time is longer, and great inconvenience is brought to the life of residents.

Therefore, in order to meet the functional requirements of the intelligent resident distribution box of the national power grid with low cost and high efficiency, a small-sized circuit breaker with multiple intelligent functions, which has small volume, multiple functions, width dimension not more than 36mm and length dimension not more than 110mm, is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the invention adopts a unique technical scheme, so that the circuit breaker meets the functional requirements and the space size requirements of the distribution box.

The invention is realized mainly by the following technical scheme:

The utility model provides a be equipped with at least three cavity in the information control's the diode circuit breaker that has L utmost point and N utmost point in its casing be equipped with handle, operating device, tripping device, moving contact and stationary contact in the at least three cavity, shunt release, magnetic release, heat overload release, electronic control unit and wireless communication module, wireless communication module locates on the electronic control unit, be provided with at least one electric current inductor in locating in at least one cavity of circuit breaker below, the regional to the casing edge in the left side of N utmost point moving contact is located to the partial electronic circuit board subassembly in the electronic control unit, its characterized in that, shunt release is located the rear portion of release or locate any position in the inside, front portion or the rear portion of magnetic release.

Preferably, the N-pole conductors span the portion of the electronic circuit board assembly.

Preferably, the shunt release can be arranged at the rear part of the N pole or L pole release rod.

Preferably, the shunt release can be arranged at any position inside, in front of or behind the magnetic release of the L pole.

Preferably, the electronic control unit further comprises a first sub-electronic circuit board assembly and a second sub-electronic circuit board assembly, wherein the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly and the panel of the circuit breaker are horizontally arranged, and the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly is arranged at least one position in the front part, the rear part or the side part of the current sensor.

Preferably, the sub-electronic circuit board assembly is arranged at the side part of the current sensor and can extend to the periphery of the static contact close to the N pole along the length direction of the circuit breaker.

Preferably, the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly is provided with at least one through hole capable of penetrating the power wire.

Preferably, the wireless communication module is arranged on any electronic circuit board assembly.

Preferably, the current sensor is arranged at the lower end or in the N pole of the circuit breaker.

Preferably, the wireless communication module comprises bluetooth, NFC, GPRS, wiFi, NB-IoT, or Lora.

Preferably, the current sensor is at least one of a current transformer, a zero sequence transformer or a hall sensor.

Preferably, the circuit breaker further comprises an electric reclosing mechanism, the electric reclosing mechanism (17) comprises a gear transmission structure, the electric reclosing mechanism (17) is arranged at the N pole and between the part of the electronic circuit board assembly (14) and the fixed contact (9) along the width direction of the circuit breaker, and the conductive part of the fixed contact (9) spans across the gear transmission structure.

Preferably, the current sensor is electrically connected with the electronic control unit, the current transformer or the hall sensor transmits collected current data to the electronic control unit, and the electronic control unit judges the state of the circuit breaker according to the current value collected by the current transformer or the hall sensor and the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker.

Preferably, the state of the breaker comprises a switching-on and switching-off state, and the switching-on and switching-off state can be comprehensively judged according to the detected voltage value of the load end of the breaker, and can also be comprehensively judged by combining a position signal acquired by a position sensor.

Preferably, the communication module is electrically connected with the electronic control unit, and the communication module and the superior communication module communicate in a wireless manner.

Preferably, the zero sequence transformer and the shunt release are respectively and electrically connected with the electronic control unit, and the upper communication module presets a setting value and action time of residual current protection action current and a residual current protection function of opening and closing in the electronic control unit in a wireless communication mode.

Preferably, the electronic control unit can be externally powered, and can also take electricity from the circuit breaker.

Preferably, the device further comprises a residual current testing device, wherein the residual current testing device comprises a residual current testing mechanism and a residual current testing button, the residual current testing mechanism is mechanically connected with the residual current testing button, and the residual current testing button is electrically connected with the electronic control unit.

Preferably, the electronic control unit is provided with a temperature sensing element.

Preferably, a voltage detecting element is disposed in the electronic control unit.

Preferably, the electronic control unit further comprises a function setting button, and the function setting button is mechanically connected with the electronic control unit formed by the electronic circuit board assembly.

Preferably, the superior communication module can remotely upgrade the electronic control unit in a wireless communication mode.

The two miniature circuit breakers can realize the basic functions of the circuit breakers, can realize the real-time monitoring of residual current in an indoor loop, current of a main loop and on-off state of the circuit breakers and temperature inside the circuit breakers by a power supply office, can monitor main loop voltage, and can upload monitored data to an upper communication module in real time, the external center can not only open or close the functions of residual current protection and the like according to the magnitude of the residual current, but also can remotely upgrade an electronic control unit in the circuit breakers by a wireless communication module, in addition, the switching-on or switching-off operation of the circuit breakers can be realized by the function module arranged inside, and the installation size of the circuit breakers is effectively reduced, so that the width size of the circuit breakers is not more than 36mm, and the circuit breakers can replace all the existing 2P traditional miniature circuit breakers without barriers; the length dimension is not more than 110mm, the dimension of the length direction of the distribution box for all residents can be met, and the intelligent functional requirement can be met without any change of the space dimension of the distribution box. Therefore, the cost of intelligent development of the national power grid is greatly reduced, and the process of intelligent development is effectively promoted.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like or similar reference characters designate the same or similar features. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the L pole of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the N pole of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shunt release according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a shunt release according to another embodiment of the present invention when the shunt release is disposed in front of the magnetic release.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an N-pole structure of the second embodiment of the present invention after the first trip bar is removed.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an N-pole structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an N-pole structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a residual current testing mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a second circuit board assembly of the present invention disposed perpendicular to each other.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the power extraction inside the electronic control unit of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the function setting button structure of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a logic diagram of loop current detection and data processing according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a logic diagram of the residual current detection and data processing according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the invention are described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by showing examples of the invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any particular configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modification, substitution, and improvement of elements, components, and algorithms without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.

The invention provides an information-controlled diode breaker with L poles and N poles, which not only can realize the basic functions of the breaker, but also can realize that a power supply bureau monitors residual current in an indoor loop, current and voltage of a main loop, on-off state of the breaker and internal temperature of the breaker in real time through the breaker, and can upload monitored data to an upper communication module in real time, the upper communication module can not only open or close the functions of residual current protection and the like according to the magnitude of the residual current, but also can remotely upgrade an electronic control unit in the breaker through the communication module, and effectively reduces the installation size of the breaker, so that the width size of the breaker is not more than 36mm, and the existing 2P traditional small breaker can be replaced without barriers; the length dimension is not more than 110mm, the dimension of the length direction of the distribution box for all residents can be met, and the intelligent functional requirement can be met without any change of the space dimension of the distribution box. Therefore, the cost of intelligent development of the national power grid is greatly reduced, and the process of intelligent development is effectively promoted.

An information-controlled diode breaker having L and N poles according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 14, a two-pole circuit breaker 100 with an L pole and an N pole under information control includes a housing including a first cavity a and a second cavity B which are oppositely disposed, wherein the first cavity a is disposed in the N pole, the first cavity a includes a first moving contact 13, a first fixed contact 9, an electronic control unit 16, a shunt release 10, a first handle 4, a first operating mechanism 3, and a first release lever 15, the first operating mechanism 3 is connected with the first moving contact 2, the first handle 4 is operated to rotate about a center of the first handle 4, so that the first operating mechanism 3 can be driven to move, and the first operating mechanism 3 drives the first moving contact 13 to act, so as to realize opening and closing of the first moving contact 13 and the first fixed contact 9, and the electronic control unit 16 includes a first electronic circuit board assembly 14.

The second cavity B is disposed at the L pole and is opposite to the first cavity a, and the second cavity B includes a second moving contact 2, a second fixed contact 1, a magnetic release 5, a second handle 4', a second operating mechanism 3', and a second release lever 15', and the principle of opening and closing actions of the second moving contact 2 and the second fixed contact 1 are the same as those of the first moving contact 13 and the first fixed contact 9, which are not described herein again. When the first moving contact 13 and the first fixed contact 9 as well as the second moving contact 2 and the second fixed contact 1 are both closed, the switch is closed, and the main loop is electrified; the first moving contact 13 is disconnected from the first fixed contact 9, and the second moving contact 2 is disconnected from the second fixed contact 1, so that the main circuit is disconnected.

As shown in fig. 5, the circuit breaker further includes a third cavity C, where the third cavity C is located at the lower end of the circuit breaker, and the third cavity C may penetrate through the N pole and the L pole, or may be separately located in the N pole or the L pole. At least one current sensor 7 and a second electronic circuit board assembly 6 are arranged in the third cavity C, the electronic control unit 16 is a collection of the electronic circuit board assemblies inside the circuit breaker, namely, the second electronic circuit board assembly 6 belongs to the electronic control unit 16, and the current sensor 7 is electrically connected with the electronic control unit 16. In one embodiment, the current sensor 7 is a zero-sequence transformer, and the two wires of the L pole and the N pole of the main loop in the circuit breaker pass through the hole core of the zero-sequence transformer, so that the real-time monitoring of the residual current in the main loop can be realized, and the zero-sequence transformer can continuously send the monitored residual current signal to the electronic control unit 16.

In a preferred embodiment, a current sensor 7 may be added according to the functional requirements. In another embodiment, the current sensor 7 is a current transformer, one of the L pole or N pole of the main circuit in the circuit breaker passes through the hole center of the current transformer, so that real-time monitoring of the current of the main circuit can be realized, and the current transformer can continuously send the monitored current signal of the main circuit to the electronic control unit 16.

Of course, the current sensor 7 may also be a hall sensor, and the technology of collecting the current value by using the hall sensor belongs to the well-known technology in the field, and will not be described herein.

When the current sensor 7 is a current transformer or a hall sensor, real-time monitoring of the main loop current can be realized, and the monitored main loop current signal can be continuously sent to the electronic control unit 16, and the electronic control unit 16 transmits the received current signal to the upper communication module through the communication module 18 arranged in the circuit breaker.

The communication module 18 may be disposed in any one of the first cavity a, the second cavity B, or the third cavity C, and may be disposed on the electronic control unit 16, where the communication module 18 is electrically connected to the electronic control unit 16, and may be connected to a superior communication module in a wired or wireless manner, so that the electronic control unit 16 transmits a received residual current signal to the superior communication module through the communication module 18, and the superior communication module determines whether to turn on or off a residual current protection function according to the received residual current value signal, and meanwhile, feeds back an instruction for turning on or off the residual current protection function to the electronic control unit 16 through the communication module 18.

As shown in fig. 14, when the electronic control unit 16 receives the instruction for starting the residual current protection by the upper communication module and the residual current signal received by the electronic control unit 16 reaches the protection action setting value, the shunt release 10 is turned on. Specifically, when the residual current signal reaches the setting value set by the electronic control unit 16, the electronic control unit 16 may make the shunt release 10 turn on again after reaching the delay time set by the electronic control unit 16. The setting value and the delay time of the residual current protection action can be set according to the needs, the delay time can be equal to zero or not, and different settings can be made according to different use environments, and the setting is not limited herein.

When the electronic control unit 16 receives the instruction of closing the residual current protection sent by the upper communication module, the electronic control unit 16 will not switch on the shunt release 10, and even if there is any residual current value in the main circuit, the shunt release 10 will not drive the first moving contact 13 to separate from the first fixed contact 9 or drive the second moving contact 2 to separate from the second fixed contact 1, so as to cut off the main circuit.

It should be noted that, if the residual current signal received by the electronic control unit 16 reaches the protection action setting value, but the upper communication module does not start the residual current protection command, at this time, the shunt release 10 is still not turned on, and only if the following two conditions are satisfied, the shunt release 10 can be turned on:

1) The electronic control unit 16 receives an instruction of the superior communication module to start residual current protection;

2) The residual current signal received by the electronic control unit 16 reaches a protection action setting value.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the information-controlled diode breaker with L pole and N pole is further provided with a residual current testing device, which includes a residual current testing mechanism 21 and a residual current testing button 22, where the residual current testing mechanism 21 may be disposed in the first cavity a, the second cavity B or the third cavity C, and may be adjusted according to the actual volume or space, which is not limited herein. The residual current testing mechanism 21 comprises a testing rod and a return spring 23, wherein the testing rod can move linearly under the action of the return spring 23. The electronic control unit 16 is provided with a residual current testing button 22, the residual current testing mechanism 21 is mechanically connected with the residual current testing button 22, when the residual current testing mechanism 21 is pressed, the residual current testing mechanism is connected with the residual current testing button 22, so that a residual current testing loop in the electronic control unit 16 is connected, at the moment, the reset spring 23 is compressed, the electronic control unit 16 can be connected with the shunt release 10, and the shunt release 10 separates the first movable contact 13 from the first fixed contact 9 through the first operating mechanism 3, so as to complete a residual current protection testing function. When the residual current testing mechanism 21 is reset under the action of the reset spring 23, the test rod is separated from the residual current testing button 22, and the residual current testing circuit is disconnected. Through the residual current testing mechanism 21, the safety performance of the circuit breaker can be detected, namely: by setting a test current value, whether the circuit breaker can normally trip when residual current occurs or not can be tested, so that the yield of products is ensured.

As shown in fig. 11, the electronic control unit 16 is electrically connected to the L-pole load terminal 29 and the N-pole load terminal 30 of the circuit breaker through the first conductive wire 27 and the second conductive wire 28, and determines the on-off state of the circuit breaker by collecting the voltage signals of the L-pole load terminal 29 and the N-pole load terminal 30 at the same time, when a certain voltage value exists between the L-pole load terminal 29 and the N-pole load terminal 30 is collected, the circuit breaker is determined to be in the on-state, and when no voltage exists between the L-pole load terminal 29 and the N-pole load terminal 30 is collected, the circuit breaker is determined to be in the off-state. The electronic control unit 16 may also transmit the collected voltage signals of the L-pole load terminal 29 and the N-pole load terminal 30 and the breaker status to the upper communication module through the communication module 18.

In addition, the electronic control unit 16 may determine the state of the circuit breaker according to the received main loop current signal transmitted from the current sensor 7 and the voltage signal between the load terminal 29 and the load terminal 30 collected by itself, where the determination principle is as follows:

1. when the received current signal is smaller than or equal to the rated working current value and a certain voltage value exists at the load end, the circuit breaker is in a normal closing state;

2. when the received current signal is smaller than or equal to the rated working current value and the load end has no voltage, the circuit breaker is in a normal switching-off state;

3. When the received current signal is larger than the rated working current value and the load end has no voltage, the breaker is in a short-circuit fault trip open-circuit state.

The on-off state of the breaker can also be comprehensively judged by combining position signals acquired by a position sensor, wherein the position sensor can be a Hall position sensor, a micro switch and the like. In a preferred embodiment, a microswitch 20 is provided in the circuit breaker, in electrical connection with the electronic control unit 16. As shown in fig. 8, when the gear 172 in the electric reclosing mechanism 17 is located at the opening position, the toothless portion in the gear 172 is separated from the micro switch 20, and the micro switch 20 is in the off state, the electronic control unit 16 will combine the signal sent by the micro switch 20 at this time to determine that the circuit breaker is in the opening state; when the gear 172 in the electric reclosing mechanism 17 is located at the closing position, the toothed part in the gear 172 collides with the micro switch 20, so that the micro switch 20 is in the on state, and the electronic control unit 16 determines that the circuit breaker is in the closing state by combining the signal sent by the micro switch 20 at the moment.

Of course, a magnetic element may be disposed in the handle 4, and a hall sensor for receiving the magnetic field intensity may be disposed in the electronic control unit 16 correspondingly according to different magnetic field intensities emitted by the circuit breaker at the closing or opening positions, so as to determine the closing or opening state of the circuit breaker. In addition, the monitoring of the switching-on or switching-off state of the circuit breaker can be realized by means of an optical coupler and the like, which are not listed here.

The two different trip and break states of the circuit breaker are now described in detail as follows:

When the circuit breaker is in a short-circuit fault trip, the electronic control unit 16 records the main loop current value transmitted by the current sensor 7 at the moment before the circuit breaker is disconnected at the moment when the circuit breaker is disconnected, and starts a current fault analysis function. As shown in fig. 1, the housing further includes a thermal overload release 35, where the thermal overload release 35 is an overload long-delay release, and the magnetic release 5 is a short-circuit instantaneous release, and of course, different circuit breaker manufacturers may select types of protection according to actual needs, such as overload long-delay protection, short-circuit protection, or both, which are not limited herein.

The specific judging process is as follows:

When overload current occurs in the main circuit, the thermal overload release 35 in the circuit breaker is made of a bimetallic strip, the thermal overload release 35 can accelerate heating due to the overload current, when the heating value is accumulated to a certain extent, the thermal overload release 35 enables the second movable contact 2 and the corresponding second fixed contact 1 to be separated through the second operating mechanism 3', so that the main circuit is disconnected, the overload protection function is achieved on a circuit or equipment, at the moment, the electronic control unit 16 collects no voltage at the load ends of the L pole and the N pole, and comprehensively judges that the overload fault is released according to the current value of the main circuit transmitted by the current sensor 7 before the circuit breaker is disconnected.

When the overload current in the main circuit is large, for example, when a short circuit current occurs, the magnetic release 5 in the circuit breaker, namely, the short circuit instantaneous release, can be started quickly, the second moving contact 2 is separated from the corresponding second fixed contact 1 through the second operating mechanism 3', so that the main circuit is disconnected, and the short circuit protection function is realized on the circuit or equipment. Similarly, at this time, the electronic control unit 16 collects no voltage at the load ends of the L pole and the N pole, and comprehensively determines that the circuit breaker is disconnected according to the main loop current value transmitted by the current sensor 7 at the moment before the circuit breaker is disconnected. The technology described herein for separating the second moving contact 2 from the first fixed contact 1 by the second operating mechanism 3' is a technology known in the art of circuit breakers, and will not be described in detail.

When the breaker is in a normal breaking state, i.e. the second handle 4' is manually operated to break the breaker, the electronic control unit 16 collects no voltage at the load ends of the L pole and the N pole, and comprehensively determines that the breaker is manually broken according to the main loop current value transmitted by the current sensor 7 at the moment before the breaker is broken, and then the electronic control unit 16 transmits the determined breaker state to the upper communication module through the communication module 18.

The electronic control unit 16 may further perform line state analysis according to the received main loop current signal sent from the current sensor 7, where the judgment principle is as follows:

1. when the received current value is the normal working current, judging that the line state is normal;

2. When the received current value is overload current, judging the line state as overload;

3. when the received current value is short-circuit current, judging that the line state is short-circuit.

The difference between the overload current and the short-circuit current is common knowledge in the industry, and will not be described here.

When the thermal overload release 35 is not provided in the circuit breaker, if the magnitude and duration of the overload current value reach the predetermined values, the electronic control unit 16 will automatically switch on the shunt release 10, and the shunt release 10 drives the second operating mechanism 3' to separate the second moving contact 2 from the corresponding first fixed contact 1, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the circuit and the equipment.

Referring to fig. 11, the working power supply of the electronic control unit 16 may take power from the power supply terminal inside the circuit breaker, and the electronic control unit 16 is electrically connected to the first power supply terminal 31 and the second power supply terminal 32 through the third wire 24 and the fourth wire 25, so that when the circuit breaker is in the open state, a reliable power supply still supplies power to the electronic control unit 16, so that the electronic control unit can work normally, and further continuous communication with the upper communication module is ensured. Of course, the connection between the electronic control unit 16 and the first power terminal 31 and the second power terminal 32 may be a wire connection, or may be a reliability of electrical connection between the electronic control unit and the power terminals by a spring contact, which is not limited herein, and is a wire connection in this embodiment.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, a power module may be configured externally to supply power to the electronic control unit 16, and specifically, the communication module 18 may be provided with a power interface 33 connected to an external power source, and the external power module may be electrically connected to the electronic control unit 16 through the power interface 33, so as to continuously supply power to the electronic control unit 16.

The connection mode of the information-controlled diode breaker with the L pole and the N pole and the upper communication module comprises two types of wired communication and wireless communication, the electronic control unit 16 can be connected with the upper communication module through the communication module 18 in a wired or wireless communication mode to realize communication transmission of related data information, and meanwhile, the upper communication module can remotely upgrade the electronic control unit 16 in a wired or wireless communication mode. The wired communication mode comprises RS485, HPL, ethernet or LAN, and the wireless communication module comprises Bluetooth, NFC, GPRS, wiFi, NB-IoT or Lora.

In a preferred embodiment, the electronic control unit 16 is further provided with a temperature sensor, so that real-time collection of the internal temperature of the circuit breaker can be achieved, and the collected internal temperature data of the circuit breaker can be continuously transmitted to an upper communication module through the communication module 18, and the upper communication module can analyze according to the internal temperature of the circuit breaker and the loop current data to determine whether the fault of the circuit breaker is damaged due to overhigh internal temperature of the circuit breaker caused by the virtual connection of the main loop circuit on site.

In a preferred embodiment, the electronic control unit 16 is further provided with a voltage detecting element, so that real-time collection in the main circuit of the circuit breaker can be realized, and the collected voltage data of the main circuit of the circuit breaker can be continuously transmitted to the upper communication module through the communication module 18.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, a function setting button 38 is further disposed in the circuit breaker and is mounted in cooperation with the housing, a parameter adjusting button 19 is disposed in the electronic control unit 16, the parameter adjusting button 19 has a certain elasticity, the function setting button 38 is mechanically connected with the parameter adjusting button 19 in the electronic control unit 16, by pressing the function setting button 18, when the pressing force is eliminated, the function setting button 38 can reset by means of the elasticity of the parameter adjusting button 19, and the function parameter setting can be performed on the circuit breaker locally. Of course, a return spring may be provided between the housing and the function setting button 38 as needed to return the function setting button 19 to its original position after the external pressing force is removed.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, wherein the left, right, upper, lower, etc. positions mentioned in the following embodiments are based on the angles shown in fig. 2, and when a certain object is placed in front of another object, that is, it means that the certain object is placed on the left side of the other object, and when the certain object is placed on the rear of the other object, that is, it means that the certain object is placed on the right side of the other object.

First embodiment:

As shown in fig. 2 and 10, the shunt release 10 is disposed in the first cavity a and is electrically connected to the electronic control unit 16, the shunt release 10 is disposed on the left side of the first trip bar 15, that is, the shunt release 10 is disposed on the front portion of the first trip bar 15 and corresponds to the first trip bar 15, and in order to meet the requirement of the required functions of the circuit breaker, the second electronic circuit board assembly 6 includes at least two circuit board assemblies, that is, a first sub electronic circuit board assembly 61 and a second sub electronic circuit board assembly 62, and the first sub electronic circuit board assembly 61 and the second sub electronic circuit board assembly 62 are disposed perpendicular to each other, as shown in fig. 10. The first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 is perpendicular to the circuit breaker panel a and the circuit breaker side b at the same time, that is, the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 is parallel to the circuit breaker and the bottom d, the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62 is parallel to the circuit breaker and the panel a and perpendicular to the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61, that is, the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 is disposed at the top of the current sensor 7 in the third cavity C, and the second circuit board assembly 6 is disposed at one side of the current sensor 7, which can, of course, also set the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 perpendicular to the circuit breaker panel a and parallel to the circuit breaker side b, and the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62 is parallel to the circuit breaker and perpendicular to the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61, thereby achieving the same effect. When the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 is disposed parallel to the side b of the circuit breaker, a through hole through which a power wire can pass may be provided in the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61, and the power wire can sequentially pass through the current sensor 7 and the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61. As shown in fig. 2, the left side of the current sensor 7 may be defined as a front portion, the right side may be defined as a rear portion, and both sides parallel to the bottom surface d may be defined as sides of the current sensor 7, and the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 may be disposed at least one position of the front portion, the rear portion, or the sides of the current sensor 7, and when the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 is disposed at the sides of the current sensor 7, the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 may extend to a position close to the first stationary contact 9 along the length direction of the circuit breaker, and a gap may be provided between the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 and the first stationary contact 9.

The second electronic circuit board assembly 6 may further include other sub-electronic circuit board assemblies besides the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 and the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62, and the other sub-electronic circuit board assemblies are electrically connected to the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 and the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62, respectively.

The space dimension of the electronic control unit 16 in the length direction of the circuit breaker is only about 30mm, the space dimension of the electronic control unit 16 in the height direction of the circuit breaker is only 50 mm-60 mm according to the height dimension of the traditional miniature circuit breaker, and the space dimension of the electronic control unit 16 in the width direction of the circuit breaker is only about 33mm (the width dimension is 36mm-2 x the wall thickness dimension). If only the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 or the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62 is disposed in the space of the circuit breaker, the size of the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 or the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62 is only two specifications, and the maximum size is 33mm by 30mm or 60mm by 30mm, and any one of the two specifications cannot meet the functional requirement of the electronic control unit 16, so at least two sub-electronic circuit board assemblies are generally disposed in the space of the circuit breaker, and the layout schemes of the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61, the second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62 and the current sensor 7 described in the first embodiment are definitely the best layout schemes, and such a design can increase the volume of the second electronic circuit board assembly 6, thereby better meeting the functional requirement of the circuit breaker product.

With continued reference to fig. 2, if the second electronic circuit board assembly 6 is configured as a first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61 and a second sub-electronic circuit board assembly 62 that are perpendicular to each other and still cannot fully meet the functional requirement of the circuit breaker, the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 may be additionally provided, the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 is disposed below the shunt release 10, in an area from the left side of the N-pole moving contact 13 to the edge of the housing, and is disposed corresponding to the shunt release 10, and then the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 and the second electronic circuit board assembly 6 are electrically connected to form the electronic control unit 16. At this time, the N-pole conductors span the first electronic circuit board assembly 14. The layout design can avoid additionally increasing the space dimension of the diode breaker in the width direction, and simultaneously fully utilizes the internal space of the breaker, so that the length dimension of the breaker is minimized.

In the first embodiment, in order to implement the residual current protection function of the circuit breaker, the shunt release 10 is disposed on the left side of the first trip bar 15 in the first cavity a of the circuit breaker, when the residual current value reaches the operating condition set in the electronic control unit 16 by the upper communication module, the shunt release 10 is turned on, and the operating mechanism must be unlocked by pushing the first trip bar 15, so that the first trip bar 15 cannot be cancelled under such a layout condition, and thus, no space is added in the cavity 1 of the circuit breaker designed by the layout, and thus, the remote control of the switching-on or switching-off operation of the circuit breaker cannot be implemented.

Second embodiment:

As shown in fig. 6, the shunt release 10 is disposed in the first cavity a and is electrically connected to the electronic control unit 16, where the shunt release 10 is disposed on the right side of the first trip lever 15, and at this time, the shunt release 10 may be disposed in the first cavity a or may be disposed in the third cavity C, and when the shunt release 10 is disposed on the right side of the first trip lever 15, a larger space may be left in the left side area of the first trip lever 15, so that the volume of the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 may be increased again based on the first embodiment, as shown by the range of the dashed line in fig. 6; the design and placement of the second electronic circuit board assembly 6 are the same as those of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, and will not be described again here.

In this embodiment, since the shunt release 10 is disposed on the right side of the first trip bar 15, due to the limitation of the spatial structure, at this time, the shunt release 10 cannot be linked with the first trip bar 15, so that the operating mechanism 3 cannot be driven to move, and further, the opening or closing of the first moving contact 13 and the first fixed contact 9 cannot be achieved, so that the first trip bar 15 may be omitted in this embodiment.

In order to ensure that the first movable contact 13 and the first fixed contact 9 are normally opened or closed, in this embodiment, a third trip rod 15″ is further provided, the third trip rod 15″ may contact with or separate from the movable iron core 91 of the shunt release 10, the third trip rod 15″ may drive the operating mechanism 3 to move, the third trip rod 15″ may be located above or below the movable iron core 91, as shown in fig. 6 and 3, when the shunt release 10 is turned on, a current is generated in the coil 92, so that a magnetic field is generated around the coil 92, the movable iron core 91 and the fixed iron core 94 are magnetized by the magnetic field, so that a magnetic attraction force is generated between the movable iron core 91 and the fixed iron core 94, when the magnetic attraction force is greater than a resistance provided by the spring 93, the movable iron core 91 moves in a direction close to the fixed iron core 94, and after one end of the movable iron core 91 passes through a through hole of the fixed iron core 94, the movable iron core 91 and the third trip rod 15″ are pushed by the movable iron core 91 and then move, and the third trip rod 15″ is further separated, thereby driving the third trip rod 15 to move, and the third trip mechanism 13 is further turned off, thereby realizing the movement of the third trip mechanism 13, and the third trip mechanism is further driven to realize the movement.

Third embodiment:

As shown in fig. 8, in order to realize that the circuit breaker has the function of remotely controlling the switching-on or switching-off operation of the circuit breaker on the premise of having the residual current protection function, and based on the second embodiment, since the shunt release 10 is disposed on the right side of the first release lever 15, the first release lever 15 used for cooperating with the shunt release 10 can be omitted, so that the space in the first cavity a can be greatly increased, besides the volume of the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 can be increased on the basis of the first embodiment, the dotted line range shown in fig. 8 is the first electronic circuit board assembly 14, at this time, the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 is aligned with the first side wall of the first cavity a, and the electric reclosing mechanism 17 can be disposed in the first cavity a of the circuit breaker, as shown in fig. 8, and the electric reclosing mechanism 17 includes a motor 171, a worm 172 mounted on the shaft of the motor 171, and a gear transmission structure including a first gear 172 engaged with the worm gear 172, a second gear 174 engaged with the first gear 176, a fourth gear 176 engaged with the fifth gear 176, and a fifth gear 176 coaxially connected with the fifth gear 176. When the electronic control unit 16 receives a switching-on or switching-off command signal sent by the upper communication module in a wired or wireless manner, a loop of the motor 171 in the electric reclosing mechanism 17 is switched on, and the motor 171 drives the electric reclosing mechanism 17 to act through gears and the like, so that the operation function of remotely controlling switching-on or switching-off of the circuit breaker is realized. The process of the electric reclosing mechanism 17 for driving the circuit breaker to close or open is a well-known technology, and not described in detail herein, in this arrangement, the gear transmission structure of the electric reclosing mechanism 17 is disposed between the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 and the first fixed contact 9 along the width direction of the circuit breaker, and the conductive portion of the first fixed contact 9 spans across the gear transmission structure. A certain gap is formed between the gear in the electric reclosing mechanism 17 and the first electronic circuit board assembly 14, so as to ensure good assembly of the gear and the first electronic circuit board assembly.

In order to further save space, some technicians consider whether the shunt release 10 in the third embodiment can be removed, when the residual current value in the main circuit reaches the action condition set in the electronic control unit 16 by the upper communication module, the electronic control unit 16 turns on the motor circuit to open the circuit breaker through the electric reclosing mechanism 17, but through theoretical analysis, the action time of opening the circuit breaker by the electric reclosing mechanism 17 is long, the general action completion time is not less than 500ms, the action time requirement of residual current protection cannot be completely met, especially when the residual current protection is used for protection of 30mA and below, the maximum breaking time of the residual current protection action of the circuit breaker is required not to be allowed to exceed 300ms, so the scheme of canceling the electric operating mechanism for the shunt release to execute the residual current protection action is not preferable.

Fourth embodiment:

As can be seen from the above analysis, the actuating mechanism of the residual current protection action must be executed by using the shunt release 10, if the function of remote control on-off operation of the circuit breaker is satisfied, the shunt release 10 in the first cavity a in the first embodiment or the second embodiment can be placed in the second cavity B, so that the first release rod 15 in the first cavity a can be simultaneously cancelled, so that a larger space is provided in the first cavity a to place the electric reclosing mechanism 17, and the circuit breaker can further realize the operation function of remote control on-off operation of the circuit breaker while possessing the residual current action protection.

When the shunt release 10 is disposed in the second cavity B, the shunt release 10 and the first release lever 15 may be disposed in the same cavity, and in this case, the shunt release 10 is disposed on the left side of the first release lever 15; when the shunt release 10 is disposed on the right side of the first trip bar 15, the first trip bar 15 may be replaced by the third trip bar 15″ at this time, and in this embodiment, the movement process of the shunt release 10 and the first trip bar 15 or the third trip bar 15″ is the same as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

In addition, when the shunt release 10 is disposed in the second cavity B, the shunt release 10 may be disposed on the left side, the right side or the inside of the magnetic release 5, and the action principle thereof is basically consistent, taking the case that the shunt release 10 is disposed in front of the magnetic release 5 as an example, the working principle thereof is as follows:

As shown in fig. 4, the shunt release 10 and the magnetic release 5 share one plunger 53, the movable core 55 of the magnetic release 5 and the stationary core of the shunt release 10 share one plunger, the coil 101 of the shunt release 10 is wound around the movable core 103 and the movable core 55 of the shunt release, and the coil 51 of the magnetic release 5 is wound around the movable core 55 and the stationary core 52 of the magnetic release. When the shunt release 10 is turned on, a current flows through the coil 101 of the shunt release 10, a magnetic field is generated, the movable iron core 103 of the shunt release 10 and the fixed iron core 55 (movable iron core of the magnetic release) of the shunt release are magnetized, when the magnetic attraction between the movable iron core 103 of the shunt release 10 and the fixed iron core 55 of the shunt release is larger than the elastic force of the counter spring 103, the movable iron core 103 of the shunt release 10 moves towards the fixed iron core 55 (movable iron core of the magnetic release) of the shunt release, and then the ejector rod 53 is pushed to move towards the direction of the second release rod 15', so that the second operating mechanism 3' drives the second movable contact 2 to rotate, and the second movable contact 2 is separated from the second fixed contact 1, thereby realizing the outage of the main circuit. When a short-circuit current occurs in the main circuit, the action principle of the magnetic release 5 is identical to that of the shunt release 10, and will not be described in detail here.

According to the second, third and fourth embodiments, the arrangement of the positions of the shunt release 10 allows a larger space to be left in the first cavity a of the first release lever 15, so that the volume of the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 can be increased again based on the first embodiment. Further, the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 may extend through the first cavity a to the third cavity C, and be integrated with the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly 61, so that the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly

The utilization of the internal space of the circuit breaker by the first electronic circuit board assembly 14 and the first electronic circuit board assembly 61 is further improved, that is, the width dimension of the circuit breaker is not more than 36mm and the length dimension is not more than

A further technical measure is provided by passing 110 mm.

The information-controlled diode breaker according to the embodiment of the invention can realize the basic functions of the breaker, and can realize the following functions: the overload protection and the short-circuit protection of equipment or circuits monitor residual current in a main loop, current of the main loop, on-off state of a breaker and internal temperature of the breaker in real time, monitored data can be uploaded to an upper communication module in real time, meanwhile, the upper communication module can open or close functions of residual current protection and the like, and the upper communication module can remotely upgrade an electronic control unit 16, so that the installation size of the breaker is effectively reduced. The miniature circuit breaker with the combination of the L pole and the N pole can realize multiple functions by being installed at one time, so that space and cost can be saved, the intelligent development needs of humanization of a low-voltage distribution network and protection of the safety of a power grid are met, the cost of intelligent development of a national power grid is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the process of intelligent development is effectively promoted.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The present embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (16)

1. An information-controlled diode breaker (100) with an L pole and an N pole, wherein at least three cavities A, B, C are arranged in a shell, a handle (4), an operating mechanism (3), a tripping mechanism (12), a moving contact (13) and a static contact (9) are arranged in the at least three cavities A, B, C, a shunt tripping device (10), a magnetic tripping device (5), a thermal overload tripping device (35), an electronic control unit (16), a residual current testing device and a wireless communication module (18), the wireless communication module (18) is arranged on the electronic control unit (16), at least one current sensor (7) is arranged in at least one cavity C arranged below the breaker (100), a part of an electronic circuit board assembly (14) in the electronic control unit (16) is arranged in a region from the left side of the N pole moving contact (13) to the edge of the shell, and is characterized in that the shunt tripping device (10) is arranged at the rear part of a tripping rod (15) of the tripping mechanism or at any position inside, front part or rear of the magnetic tripping device (5), the electronic circuit board assembly (62) comprises a first circuit board assembly (62) and a second circuit board assembly (62), the first sub-electronic circuit board assembly (61) is arranged on the side part of the current sensor (7), and can extend to the periphery of the fixed contact (9) close to the N pole along the length direction of the circuit breaker, the residual current testing device comprises a residual current testing mechanism (21) and a residual current testing button (22), the residual current testing mechanism (21) is mechanically connected with the residual current testing button (22), the residual current testing button (22) is electrically connected with the electronic control unit (16), the wireless communication module (18) directly or indirectly transmits acquired information to the superior communication module in a wireless communication mode, and transmits the received information transmitted by the superior communication module to the electronic control unit (16), and the superior communication module remotely upgrades software in the electronic control unit (16) through the wireless communication module (18).

2. An information controlled diode breaker having an L-pole and an N-pole as claimed in claim 1 wherein the N-pole conductors straddle said portion of the electronic circuit board assembly (14).

3. An information controlled diode breaker having an L-pole and an N-pole as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first sub-electronic circuit board assembly (61) is provided with at least one through hole for passing a power conductor.

4. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wireless communication module (18) is provided on any electronic circuit board assembly.

5. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole according to claim 1, characterized in that the current sensor (7) is provided in the lower end or N-pole of the breaker.

6. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole as in claim 1, wherein the wireless communication module (18) comprises bluetooth, NFC, GPRS, wiFi, NB-IoT, or Lora.

7. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole according to claim 1, characterized in that the current sensor (7) is at least one of a current transformer, a zero sequence transformer or a hall sensor.

8. The information controlled diode circuit breaker with L and N poles according to claim 1, further comprising an electric reclosing mechanism (17), said electric reclosing mechanism (17) comprising a gear drive structure, and said electric reclosing mechanism (17) being provided at N pole and between said part of the electronic circuit board assembly (14) and the stationary contact (9) in the width direction of the circuit breaker, and the conductive part of the stationary contact (9) crossing the gear drive structure.

9. The information-controlled diode circuit breaker with L and N poles according to claim 7, characterized in that the current sensor (7) is electrically connected with the electronic control unit (16), the current transformer or hall sensor transmits the collected current data to the electronic control unit, and the electronic control unit (16) determines the state of the circuit breaker according to the current value collected by the current transformer or hall sensor and the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker.

10. The information controlled diode breaker with L and N poles of claim 9, wherein the breaker status includes a switch-on/off status, which is determined comprehensively based on the detected breaker load terminal voltage value or in combination with a position signal collected by a position sensor.

11. The information-controlled diode circuit breaker with the L pole and the N pole according to claim 9, wherein the zero sequence transformer and the shunt release (10) are respectively and electrically connected with the electronic control unit (16), and the upper communication module presets the setting value and the action time of the residual current protection action current and the residual current protection function of opening and closing in a wired or wireless communication mode in the electronic control unit (16).

12. An information controlled diode circuit breaker with L and N poles according to claim 9, characterized in that the electronic control unit (16) determines, based on the current collected by the current transformer or hall sensor, whether an overload fault current occurs in the main circuit, such as in the main circuit, and the electronic control unit (16) switches on the shunt release (10) circuit to open the circuit breaker.

13. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic control unit (16) is powered from outside or takes power inside the breaker.

14. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic control unit (16) is provided with a temperature sensing element.

15. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole according to claim 1, characterized in that a voltage detecting element is provided in the electronic control unit (16).

16. An information controlled diode breaker with L-pole and N-pole according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a function setting button (38), said function setting button (38) being mechanically connected to said electronic control unit (16).