CN108937769A - 一种拖把清洁布及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种拖把清洁布及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN108937769A
CN108937769A CN201811050154.6A CN201811050154A CN108937769A CN 108937769 A CN108937769 A CN 108937769A CN 201811050154 A CN201811050154 A CN 201811050154A CN 108937769 A CN108937769 A CN 108937769A
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cloth
knop
low
layer
fibre
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吴为初
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HAINING WELLINGTON NEW MATERIAL CO Ltd
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HAINING WELLINGTON NEW MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201811050154.6A priority Critical patent/CN108937769A/zh
Priority to US16/146,337 priority patent/US20200077864A1/en
Publication of CN108937769A publication Critical patent/CN108937769A/zh
Priority to US17/374,457 priority patent/US20210340698A1/en
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    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/20—Mops
    • A47L13/24—Frames for mops; Mop heads
    • A47L13/254—Plate frames
    • A47L13/256—Plate frames for mops made of cloth
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
    • A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种拖把清洁布及其制作方法，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层、吸水层和去污层，所述去污层由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成，其中，高毛圈织物与低毛圈织物的毛圈高度之比为1.1～5：1，高毛圈织物的毛圈高度为2～20mm，低毛圈织物的毛圈高度为1～10mm；所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述基布层选用毛圈织物。本发明加工方法简单，制造容易，加工出的拖把布具有阻力小、吸水性强、集污、去污能力强等优点。

Description

一种拖把清洁布及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种家居用品，尤其是涉及一种拖把清洁布及其制作方法。
背景技术
拖把一直以来被做为清洁用具，早期拖把的拖把清洁布大多都采用的是纯棉布，其具有吸水性强的优点。
然而随着时下普通家庭中木地板使用的普及，原有纯棉布拧水拖虽吸水能力强但使用过程中存在较多问题，主要问题有易污染、难清洗、容易腐乱，损耗快、不易保管。此外纯棉布料还存在成本高等问题。
随着科学技术进展，平板拖把应运而生，其拖把清洁布所用的材料也日渐广泛，从早期的棉布条，发展出了无纺布，超细纤维等，现有大多数平板拖把的拖把清洁布采用的是100％涤纶纤维材料制成，然而由于存在材质搭配上的不合理等问题，制成的拖把清洁布使用过程中会存在较大阻力，此外其吸水性又不如纯棉布料，使用时反而会导致清洁效果大打折扣，因此为适应市场需求，原有的拖把清洁布材料及制造方法亟需改进。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的不足，本发明提供了一种吸水强、阻力小、清洁性能好的拖把清洁布及其制作方法。
一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层、吸水层和去污层，所述去污层由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成，其中，高毛圈织物与低毛圈织物的毛圈高度之比为1.1～5：1，高毛圈织物的毛圈高度为2～20mm，低毛圈织物的毛圈高度为1～10mm；所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述基布层选用毛圈织物。
本发明去污层的高毛圈织物具有集污和吸污的能力，低毛圈织物具有很好的与地面摩擦能力，便于去污。吸水层是用于吸除地面的污水。基布层一是为了固定去污层和吸水层，二是便于与拖把头进行粘接。
作为优选，所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由下述任一种吸水纤维或者任意两种纤维混合制成：棉纤维、麻纤维、亲水性涤纶纤维、锦纶纤维。麻纤维不仅具有很好的吸水性能，而且具有很好的抑菌效果。
作为优选，所述吸水层的无纺布是由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布后，加热吸水层使得低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后提高吸水层的整体硬度。
作为优选，高熔点纤维熔点大于200℃，低熔点纤维熔点低于200℃，吸水层中，高熔点纤维的质量分数为70～90％，低熔点纤维的质量分数为10～30％。
作为优选，所述高熔点纤维选用涤纶纤维或锦纶纤维，低熔点纤维选用PP/PET复合纤维、乙纶纤维或丙纶纤维。
作为优选，所述吸水层、去污层分别与基布层通过经编机缝编固定。
作为优选，高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物采用超细纤维制得，纤维纤度为150～600D/200～1000F；高毛圈织物的毛圈高度为3～10mm，低毛圈织物的毛圈高度为1～5mm。推荐的超细纤维规格有150/288F、300D/500F等。推荐的高毛圈织物的毛圈高度为10mm，低毛圈织物的毛圈高度为5mm。超细纤维具有良好的吸附能力，可以更好地去除毛发、污垢、灰尘、纸屑等污物。
本发明的拖把清洁布在使用时，通常与拖把头配合使用，拖把头上带有钩面。拖地时，将拖把清洁布的基布层与拖把头之间采用钩-毛圈结构粘接固定。拖地后，将拖把清洁布的基布层与拖把头分离，清洗后重复使用，或者直接将拖把清洁布丢弃。
本发明还提供了上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层，从而得到拖把清洁布。
作为优选，步骤(2)吸水层的吸水织物为无纺布，无纺布是由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布；制作方法中还包括步骤(4)：加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。应该注意到，步骤(4)的加热是为了使低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，提高吸水层的整体硬度，所以不应该将高熔点纤维熔融，也不应该将去污层和基布层中的纤维熔融。
作为优选，所述步骤(3)采用经编机进行缝编，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过75～100D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述超细纤维的纤维纤度为150～600D/200～1000F。
本发明拖把布既可以用后水洗晾干后重复使用，也可以作为一次性产品使用。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、去污层采用高低毛圈设置，在拖地时，高毛圈用于集污、吸污，低毛圈用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力；
2、吸水层采用高低不同熔点的纤维制成的无纺布，在加工成型后加热，可使低熔点纤维熔融而粘结，提高了吸水层的硬度，从而提高清洁布整体的硬度；
3、本发明的拖把清洁布加工方法简单，制造容易，加工出的拖把清洁布具有阻力小、吸水性强、集污、去污能力强等优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明拖把清洁布的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明所要保护的范围并不限于此。
实施例1
参照图1，一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层1、吸水层2和去污层3，所述去污层由高毛圈织物4和低毛圈织物5组成，其中，高毛圈织物4与低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度之比为2：1，高毛圈织物4的毛圈高度为10mm，低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度为5mm；在拖地时，高毛圈织物4用于集污、吸污，低毛圈织物5用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力。
所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布后，加热吸水层使得低熔点纤维熔融(高熔点纤维不熔融)，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后提高吸水层的整体硬度。吸水层中，高熔点纤维的质量分数为80％，低熔点纤维的质量分数为20％，所述高熔点纤维选用涤纶，低熔点纤维选用PP/PET复合纤维。
所述基布层选用毛圈织物。基布层的毛圈织物可以是带有毛圈的无纺布。材质可以是涤纶、丙纶、棉等。所述吸水层2、去污层3分别与基布层1通过经编机缝编固定。
本发明使用时，将拖把清洁布的基布层与拖把头之间采用钩-毛圈结构粘接固定。
上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；
(4)加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。
步骤(3)采用经编机进行缝编，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过80D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物的超细纤维的纤维纤度为150D/288F。
实施例2
参照图1，一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层1、吸水层2和去污层3，所述去污层由高毛圈织物4和低毛圈织物5组成，其中，高毛圈织物4与低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度之比为5：1，高毛圈织物4的毛圈高度为15mm，低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度为3mm；在拖地时，高毛圈织物4用于集污、吸污，低毛圈织物5用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力。
所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布后，加热吸水层使得低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后提高吸水层的整体硬度。吸水层中，高熔点纤维的质量分数为75％，低熔点纤维的质量分数为25％，所述高熔点纤维选用涤纶，低熔点纤维选用乙纶纤维。
所述基布层选用毛圈织物。基布层的毛圈织物可以是带有毛圈的无纺布。材质可以是涤纶、丙纶、棉等。所述吸水层2、去污层3分别与基布层1通过经编机缝编固定。
上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；
(4)加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。
步骤(3)采用经编机进行，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过100D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物的纤维纤度为600D/1000F。
实施例3
参照图1，一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层1、吸水层2和去污层3，所述去污层由高毛圈织物4和低毛圈织物5组成，其中，高毛圈织物4与低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度之比为1.5：1，高毛圈织物4的毛圈高度为6mm，低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度为4mm；在拖地时，高毛圈织物4用于集污、吸污，低毛圈织物5用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力。
所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布后，加热吸水层使得低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后提高吸水层的整体硬度。吸水层中，高熔点纤维的质量分数为80％，低熔点纤维的质量分数为20％，所述高熔点纤维选用锦纶，低熔点纤维选用丙纶纤维。
所述基布层选用毛圈织物。基布层的毛圈织物可以是带有毛圈的无纺布。材质可以是涤纶、丙纶、棉等。所述吸水层2、去污层3分别与基布层1通过经编机缝编固定。
上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；
(4)加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。
步骤(3)采用经编机进行缝编，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过75D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物的纤维纤度为300D/500F。
实施例4
参照图1，一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层1、吸水层2和去污层3，所述去污层由高毛圈织物4和低毛圈织物5组成，其中，高毛圈织物4与低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度之比为3：1，高毛圈织物4的毛圈高度为9mm，低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度为3mm；在拖地时，高毛圈织物4用于集污、吸污，低毛圈织物5用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力。
所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由麻纤维制成，不仅具有很好的吸水性能，而且具有较好的抑菌性能。
所述基布层选用毛圈织物。基布层的毛圈织物可以是带有毛圈的无纺布。材质可以是涤纶、丙纶、棉等。所述吸水层2、去污层3分别与基布层1通过经编机缝编固定。
上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层，从而得到拖把清洁布。
步骤(3)采用经编机进行，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过90D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物的纤维纤度为150D/288F。
本发明拖把清洁布既可以用后水洗晾干后重复使用，也可以作为一次性产品使用。本发明加工方法简单，制造容易，加工出的拖清洁把布具有阻力小、吸水性强、集污、去污能力强等优点。
实施例5
参照图1，一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层1、吸水层2和去污层3，所述去污层由高毛圈织物4和低毛圈织物5组成，其中，高毛圈织物4与低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度之比为2：1，高毛圈织物4的毛圈高度为10mm，低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度为5mm；在拖地时，高毛圈织物4用于集污、吸污，低毛圈织物5用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力。
所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由亲水性涤纶纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布。
所述基布层选用毛圈织物。基布层的毛圈织物可以是带有毛圈的无纺布。材质可以是涤纶、丙纶、棉等。所述吸水层2、去污层3分别与基布层1通过经编机缝编固定。
上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；
(4)加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。
步骤(3)采用经编机进行缝编，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过80D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物的超细纤维的纤维纤度为150D/288F。
实施例6
参照图1，一种拖把清洁布，所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层1、吸水层2和去污层3，所述去污层由高毛圈织物4和低毛圈织物5组成，其中，高毛圈织物4与低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度之比为5：1，高毛圈织物4的毛圈高度为15mm，低毛圈织物5的毛圈高度为3mm；在拖地时，高毛圈织物4用于集污、吸污，低毛圈织物5用于摩擦地面使粘附在地面的污渍能够擦掉，又能避免高度一样毛圈形成整体表面影响集污能力，也减轻拖把对地面的摩擦力。
所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述吸水织物采用由棉纤维制得的机织布。同样，也可以选用由麻纤维制得的机织布。
所述基布层选用毛圈织物。基布层的毛圈织物可以是带有毛圈的无纺布。材质可以是涤纶、丙纶、棉等。所述吸水层2、去污层3分别与基布层1通过经编机缝编固定。
上述拖把清洁布的制作方法，包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；
(4)加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。
步骤(3)采用经编机进行，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱固定在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过80D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物的纤维纤度为300D/500F。

Claims (10)

1.一种拖把清洁布，其特征在于：所述拖把清洁布由下而上依次包括基布层、吸水层和去污层，所述去污层由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成，其中，高毛圈织物与低毛圈织物的毛圈高度之比为1.1～5：1，高毛圈织物的毛圈高度为2～20mm，低毛圈织物的毛圈高度为1～10mm；所述吸水层选用由吸水纤维制成的吸水织物，所述基布层选用毛圈织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的拖把清洁布，其特征在于：所述吸水织物采用无纺布，所述无纺布由下述任一种吸水纤维或者任意两种纤维混合制成：棉纤维、麻纤维、亲水性涤纶纤维、锦纶纤维。
3.根据权利要求2所述的拖把清洁布，其特征在于：所述吸水层的无纺布是由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布后，加热吸水层使得低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后提高吸水层的整体硬度。
4.根据权利要求3所述的拖把清洁布，其特征在于：高熔点纤维熔点大于200℃，低熔点纤维熔点低于200℃，吸水层中，高熔点纤维的质量分数为70～90％，低熔点纤维的质量分数为10～30％。
5.根据权利要求3所述的拖把清洁布，其特征在于：所述高熔点纤维选用涤纶纤维或锦纶纤维，低熔点纤维选用PP/PET复合纤维、乙纶纤维或丙纶纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述的拖把清洁布，其特征在于：所述吸水层、去污层分别与基布层通过经编机缝编固定。
7.根据权利要求1所述的拖把清洁布，其特征在于：高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物采用超细纤维制得，纤维纤度为150～600D/200～1000F；高毛圈织物的毛圈高度为3～10mm，低毛圈织物的毛圈高度为1～5mm。
8.一种权利要求1所述拖把清洁布的制作方法，其特征在于包括下述步骤：
(1)基布层的制作：制得基布层的毛圈织物；
(2)吸水层的制作：以吸水纤维为原料，制得吸水织物；
(3)将吸水织物与基布层通过缝编纱缝编固定，同时，超细纤维在基布层上进行缝编，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层，从而得到拖把清洁布。
9.根据权利要求8所述拖把清洁布的制作方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)吸水层的吸水织物为无纺布，无纺布是由高熔点纤维与低熔点纤维混合经针刺法制备而得，混合纤维经梳理、铺网、针刺加固成布；制作方法中还包括步骤(4)：加热使吸水层中的低熔点纤维熔融，将高熔点纤维之间相互粘接，冷却定型后即得到拖把清洁布。
10.根据权利要求8所述拖把清洁布的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(3)采用经编机进行缝编，所述经编机采用两排梳栉，其中第一排梳栉用于将超细纤维缝编在基布层上，得到由高毛圈织物和低毛圈织物组成的去污层；第二排梳栉用于将吸水层的无纺布通过缝编纱缝编在基布层上；所述无纺布与基布层之间通过75～100D的缝编纱缝编固定，所述超细纤维的纤维纤度为150～600D/200～1000F。
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