CN108924786B - A wireless sensor network data collection method for environmental emergencies - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种面向环境突发事件的无线传感器网络数据采集方法，包括下述步骤：将无线传感器网络中的节点按照事件关联性进行分类，包括事件关联节点、事件边缘节点和休眠节点；当环境突发事件发生时，选取任意事件关联节点为起始点，完成初始化，并通知邻居节点进行环境事件感知；当邻居节点完成感知后进行模糊域的判定，当关联系数超过设定阈值时，将该节点存入事件关联节点集合；对于新入选事件关联节点的集合，以同样的方法通知邻居节点进行环境事件感知；重复上述步骤直到该事件关联节点集合中的节点不再增加；将采集的数据传输到远端服务器。通过本发明提高了进行数据感知节点与事件关联性，提高感知策略的准确性与数据质量。
The invention discloses a wireless sensor network data collection method oriented to environmental emergencies, comprising the following steps: classifying nodes in the wireless sensor network according to event correlation, including event correlation nodes, event edge nodes and dormant nodes; When an environmental emergency occurs, select any event-related node as the starting point, complete the initialization, and notify the neighbor nodes to perceive the environmental event; when the neighbor node completes the perception, the fuzzy domain is judged, and when the correlation coefficient exceeds the set threshold, the The node is stored in the event-related node set; for the set of newly selected event-related nodes, the neighbor nodes are notified in the same way to sense environmental events; the above steps are repeated until the nodes in the event-related node set no longer increase; The data is transmitted to the remote server. The present invention improves the correlation between nodes and events for data sensing, and improves the accuracy of sensing strategies and data quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and relates to a wireless sensor network data acquisition method for environmental emergencies.
Background
The development of the environment monitoring system is important in the aspects of wireless networking, intellectualization, miniaturization and integration, and automation and remote environment monitoring can be realized. Therefore, wireless sensor networks, which are generated along with rapid development of semiconductor, wireless communication technology, micro-electro-mechanical system and other disciplines, become one of the hot spots in the research of environmental monitoring field. The wireless sensor network comprehensively applies a plurality of technologies, which are an aggregation of a plurality of technologies, and mainly comprise a wireless communication technology, an embedded computer technology, a sensor technology and a distributed information processing technology. The system can monitor a monitored object in real time, collect relevant data in a monitored area, process the data to obtain accurate and detailed information, and finally send the information to a person in need. The wireless sensor network is formed by a large number of static or mobile nodes in a self-organizing and multi-hop mode, integrates sensing, driving control, calculation and communication capabilities, and cooperatively monitors, senses, acquires, processes and transmits monitoring information of a sensing object in a network coverage area in real time and reports the monitoring information to a user. Because it is low in cost, adopts wireless communication, does not need fixed network to assist, so its research result is very extensive in application. The multi-parameter wireless sensor network is widely applied to the fields of environmental monitoring and the like by virtue of the characteristics of low cost, flexible deployment, ad hoc network and the like, has attracted wide attention of all social aspects in the application of sudden environmental monitoring in recent years, and becomes a current research hotspot. However, the current wireless sensor network rarely considers environmental emergencies in the design process of the data acquisition method; meanwhile, in recent years, in order to improve functions of wireless sensor network nodes and reduce cost, with the development of wireless monitoring networks, a common wireless sensing node generally needs to be equipped with a plurality of different types of sensors, and different sensors mean that great differences exist in sensing methods, time and relevance with environmental events. Therefore, in the face of an unexpected environmental event, selecting which sensors to perform data acquisition for a single wireless sensor node is one of the other critical issues that need to be solved by a wireless sensor network. When the current wireless sensor network environment monitoring system is used for collecting key parameter data in response to an emergency environment event, the defects of low quality of the collected data of the wireless sensor network parameters, poor relevance with the environment event, large data transmission quantity, high network delay and the like exist.
In the existing environment monitoring data acquisition system, the wireless node sensor has single type and the correlation between the acquired data and the environment event is poor; it is generally assumed that the environmental event is static and the occurrence area is fixed. Based on the above description and analysis, the prior art has the following disadvantages: the data acquisition method of the current environment monitoring wireless sensor network comprises the steps that all wireless sensor nodes in a wireless network driving network carry out data acquisition, a single node acquires data of all sensors, and then the data are transmitted to a remote server through a certain routing path; obviously, the current data acquisition strategy of the wireless sensor network has the defects of large data acquisition amount, low network transmission efficiency, large energy consumption, high data transmission delay and the like. Secondly, the current data acquisition method is data of all sensors of each node, and has the defects of low quality of acquired data, low relevance between the acquired data and events and the like. Finally, when the wireless sensor network aiming at the environmental emergency carries out data acquisition, the static state of the environmental event is taken as an assumption, so that the wireless sensor network is obviously different from the actual engineering application and is not suitable for the actual application; the environmental monitoring data acquisition method based on the assumption obviously cannot adapt to dynamically changing environmental emergencies, and has the defects of incomplete monitoring data and the like in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide a wireless sensor network data acquisition method facing environmental emergencies.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a wireless sensor network data acquisition method facing environmental emergencies, which comprises the following steps:
s1, deploying the wireless nodes equipped with a plurality of heterogeneous sensors in an area needing to be monitored;
s2, after the deployment of the wireless nodes is completed, the wireless nodes complete network ad hoc network with a built-in wireless communication protocol network through a wireless module to form an environment monitoring wireless sensor network;
s3, classifying nodes in the wireless sensor network according to event relevance, wherein the nodes comprise event relevance nodes, event edge nodes and sleeping nodes, updating a set of corresponding nodes in real time, carrying out data perception on the relevance nodes, carrying out perception preparation on the event edge nodes, and sleeping the sleeping nodes;
s4, under normal conditions, the wireless sensor network is in a dormant state, when an environmental emergency occurs, any event related node in an environmental emergency area is selected as a starting point, the initialization of the node is completed, an emergency environment monitoring mode is entered, and a neighbor node is informed to sense the environmental event;
s5, after the neighbor nodes finish sensing the emergency environment events, judging the fuzzy domain of the data, and when the correlation coefficient of the data sensed by the wireless nodes and the events exceeds a set threshold value, storing the nodes into an event correlation node set;
s6, notifying neighbor nodes to sense environmental events by the same method for the set of newly selected event associated nodes, judging the event association of the sensing data in a fuzzy domain, and storing the data related to the events in the event associated node set;
s7, repeating the steps until the nodes in the event related node set are not increased any more within a set time;
s8, the event correlation node sets all wireless nodes to enter into periodic data acquisition, and transmits the related sensing data to a remote server through a rapid data transmission routing path, thereby providing necessary data basis for emergency decision of environmental emergencies.
As a preferred technical solution, in step S2, the wireless node completes network ad hoc network with a built-in wireless communication protocol network through the wireless module to form an environment monitoring wireless sensor network, which specifically includes:
and initiating component invitation by a random network node, sequentially joining the surrounding network nodes into the network, and then turning into a dormant state to wait for the triggering of an emergency event.
As a preferred technical solution, in step S4, in a set of event-related nodes, while the event-related nodes collect data, the event edge nodes of the set periodically sense relevant data of the environmental emergency, then determine whether the environmental emergency enters a sensing area of the event edge node, store the event edge nodes capable of sensing the environmental event into the event-related node set, and update the event edge node set corresponding to the event-related node set in real time for repeating the event-related step.
As an optimized technical scheme, when an event associated node cannot sense an environmental emergency, dynamic correction is carried out according to sensing parameters of neighbor nodes, namely when the neighbor nodes can still sense the event, the neighbor nodes are stored in an event edge node set; when the neighbor node can not sense the event, the node is stored into the dormant node set.
As a preferred technical solution, determining whether an environmental emergency enters a sensing area of an event edge node includes:
the event edge node periodically collects sensor data related to the event, and if the collected data is judged to exceed a threshold value through a fuzzy domain, the environmental event is shown to enter a sensing area of the edge node.
As a preferred technical solution, in step S4, the neighboring node is notified to perform environmental event awareness, specifically:
the sensor node in the event sends the emergency monitoring data packet to the corresponding neighbor node in a broadcasting mode, and the neighbor node enters a data acquisition working state.
As a preferable technical solution, in step S5, a specific method for determining the fuzzy domain of the data is as follows:
firstly, weighting each type of perceived data to obtain a perception evaluation function value; and then, carrying out fuzzy scoring on the event degree according to the perception evaluation function, and adding an environment monitoring sensor node set when the fuzzy scoring exceeds a certain threshold value, which indicates that the environment event enters the node monitoring area.
As a preferred technical solution, in step S8, the fast data transmission routing path specifically includes:
and randomly forming a plurality of clusters by the nodes in the event monitoring sensor node set, and then increasing the transmitting power of the cluster head node in the clusters to establish a single-hop transmission path with the remote sink node or the base station for data transmission.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1) and selecting a wireless network sensing node set for data sensing by adopting an environmental emergency related node selection method and adopting an event related node selection principle. The selection of the wireless sensor nodes is completed through the judgment of event correlation, the number of environment sensing of the wireless nodes is reduced, the correlation between the data sensing nodes and the events is improved, and the accuracy and the data quality of the sensing strategy are improved.
2) The invention realizes the purpose of dynamically adjusting the monitoring nodes according to the events by updating the event associated node set and the event edge node set. Specifically, the parameters related to the event are periodically sensed by the whole network, the time-associated node set and the corresponding neighbor set are updated in real time, and the dynamic monitoring of the environmental event is completed.
3) The wireless sensing node in the invention adopts strategies of different priorities to complete sensing of event associated parameters based on event correlation, and adopts fuzzy classification to compress and preprocess data, thereby improving the quality of node sensing data, reducing the data transmission quantity and improving the real-time property of sensing data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of data acquisition in an environmental emergency wireless sensor network according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of data acquisition of the wireless sensor network in the environment emergency according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for acquiring data of a wireless sensor network facing an environmental emergency according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s2, a wireless node, which is first equipped with a plurality of different kinds of sensors (a plurality of types of sensor nodes are used for monitoring different environmental emergencies), is deployed in an area to be monitored.
S2, after the deployment of the wireless nodes is completed, the wireless nodes complete network ad hoc network with a built-in wireless communication protocol network through a wireless module, and an environment monitoring wireless sensor network is formed (a communication protocol such as Zigbee, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and the like is adopted, a random network node initiates component invitation, surrounding nodes sequentially join the network, then the network is switched into a dormant state, and the triggering of an emergency is waited).
And S3, dividing the nodes in the wireless sensor network into event correlation nodes, event edge nodes and other nodes, and updating the corresponding node set in real time. When the event related node set wireless node collects data, the event edge node of the set periodically senses related data of the environmental emergency, then judges whether the environmental emergency enters a sensing area of the node, stores the node capable of sensing the environmental event into the event related node set, and updates the event edge set corresponding to the event related node set in real time for the repeated event related step.
Judging whether the environmental emergency enters a sensing area of the event edge node, specifically:
the event edge node periodically collects sensor data related to the event, and if the collected data is judged to exceed a threshold value through a fuzzy domain, the environmental event is shown to enter a sensing area of the edge node.
S4, the network is in a sleep state in a normal state. When an environmental emergency occurs, selecting any network node in an environmental emergency area as a starting point, finishing initialization of the node and entering an emergency environment monitoring mode; and informing the neighbor node to sense the environmental event, wherein the specific informing mode is as follows: the sensor node in the event sends the emergency monitoring data packet to the corresponding neighbor node in a broadcasting mode, and the neighbor node enters a data acquisition working state.
And S5, when the neighbor node senses the emergency environment event, judging the fuzzy domain of the data. When the correlation coefficient of the data sensed by the wireless node and the event exceeds a certain threshold, the node is stored into an event correlation node set.
The specific method for judging the fuzzy domain of the data comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighting each type of perceived data to obtain a perception evaluation function value; and then, carrying out fuzzy scoring on the event degree according to the function, (for example, the function value is 100-120, the corresponding score is 3, the score corresponding to 120-150 is 4, and the like), and if the fuzzy score exceeds a certain threshold, (for example, 5 points) indicate that the environmental event enters the node monitoring area, adding the environmental monitoring sensor node set.
And S6, the newly selected event key node set informs the neighbor nodes to sense the environmental events in the same method, carries out event relevance judgment of a fuzzy domain on sensed data, and stores the data related to the events in an event relevance node set.
S7, repeating the above steps until the elements of the set (event associated node set) are not being added in a period of time.
S8, collecting all wireless nodes by the event correlation node set, entering periodic data acquisition, and transmitting the related sensing data to a remote server through a rapid data transmission routing path, thereby providing necessary data basis for emergency decision of environmental emergencies.
The fast data transmission routing path specifically includes:
the method comprises the steps that nodes in an event monitoring sensor node set form a plurality of clusters at random (the number of members in the clusters meets certain requirements, such as 10), and then a cluster head node in the clusters increases the transmitting power to establish a single-hop transmission path with a far-end aggregation node or a base station for data transmission. (either the sink node or the base station may be considered a remote server).
In the invention, when the event correlation node can not sense the environmental emergency, dynamic correction is carried out according to the sensing parameters of the neighbor nodes. When the neighbor node still can sense the event, the node is stored into the event edge node set; when the neighbor node can not sense the event, the node is stored in the other nodes. It can be seen that wireless nodes in the network are classified according to event relevance, the relevant nodes implement data perception, the event edge nodes perform perception preparation, and the rest nodes perform dormancy. The above strategy can greatly improve the quality of the perception data and reduce the data transmission quantity. And dynamic monitoring of environmental emergencies can be achieved by periodically updating the three classified node sets.
Meanwhile, when the event-related wireless node performs data sensing, the related sensors can be driven to perform data sensing according to the correlation degree of the sensors and the environmental events and the event types. The nodes acquire priority data, namely the sensors with high event correlation; data acquisition is carried out after the sensor with low correlation degree; and turn off or sleep the uncorrelated sensors. Meanwhile, the nodes are associated, in order to reduce the data transmission amount, the environment events are classified through a fuzzy algorithm, and only the event classification identification needs to be transmitted to reduce the data transmission amount and improve the data transmission efficiency. And finally, after the environmental event monitoring is finished, the node is in an initial dormant state, so that the service life of the whole network is prolonged.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
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| CN109640284B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2021-08-03 | 南京邮电大学 | Wireless Sensor Network System |
| WO2021087896A1 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-14 | Alibaba Group Holding Limited | Data-driven graph of things for data center monitoring copyright notice |
| CN113596730B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-02-13 | 广州工程技术职业学院 | Data collection methods, systems, drone equipment and media for multi-event monitoring |
| CN117079424B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-10-11 | 旭宇光电（深圳）股份有限公司 | Remote forest fire monitoring and early warning system and method based on photovoltaic battery power supply |
| CN115150767B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-13 | 湖南智警公共安全技术研究院有限公司 | Wireless sensor network data transmission method based on edge calculation |
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