CN104916870B - Battery cell with electrode arrangement - Google Patents

Battery cell with electrode arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104916870B
CN104916870B CN201510105778.3A CN201510105778A CN104916870B CN 104916870 B CN104916870 B CN 104916870B CN 201510105778 A CN201510105778 A CN 201510105778A CN 104916870 B CN104916870 B CN 104916870B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
conductive material
selectively conductive
battery cell
battery
electrode
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201510105778.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104916870A (en
Inventor
M.科尔贝格尔
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of CN104916870A publication Critical patent/CN104916870A/en
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Publication of CN104916870B publication Critical patent/CN104916870B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
    • H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
    • H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
    • H01B1/127—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising five-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polypyrroles, polythiophenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/1006—Thick film varistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/105—Varistor cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H01G11/16—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against electric overloads, e.g. including fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/66—Current collectors
    • H01G11/68—Current collectors characterised by their material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/561—Hollow metallic terminals, e.g. terminal bushings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of battery list ponds (10), it has the electrode assembly (12) being arranged in shell (14), wherein battery list pond (10) include selectively conductive material (22), the material of the selectively conduction is transitioned into conduction state in the case where being more than critical limit voltage and so arranges, so that the anode (17) of electrode assembly (12) and cathode (18) be made to be shorted in the conductive state.The present invention additionally relates to a kind of battery module and a kind of has this battery list pond (10) vehicle.

Description

Battery list pond with electrode assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery list pond of electrode assembly with arrangement in the housing and a kind of battery moulds Block and a kind of vehicle with this battery list pond.
Background technique
0 878 861 A1 of document EP shows monomeric additive such as thiophene in lithium-ions battery.In electric power storage Additive layer starts to deposit on cathode in the case where the over-voltage of pond, squeezes through separator (Separator) by polymerization and contacts Thus anode generates internal be shorted.
2 219 424 A1 of document EP shows a kind of material, which is energy conduction according to the voltage of application or cannot Conductive, such as the carbon nanotube connected in a polymer nature.This can be used for battery, and wherein the material is used as Microelement on substrate surface and protect against surge damage.
0 240 063 A1 of document EP, which is shown, uses 3- decylthiophene as the polymeric layer on battery terminal.
Lithium-ions battery group for vehicle application is by multiple battery list Chi Zucheng, and battery list pond is correspondingly It is connected with each other, in order to provide desired power.It charges to these battery list ponds until reaching charging knot during charge cycle Beam voltage.
If such as due to battery Dan Chizhong overcharge or failure be more than voltage limit, start decomposable process and Start to form gas in Dan Chizhong, and there are the danger of the heat leak in battery list pond.Additionally this event can also be climing Prolong to adjacent battery list pond.Thus personnel and environment will receive threat.
Therefore, for battery list pond effectively overcharge protection there are lasting interest.
Summary of the invention
A kind of battery list pond is proposed according to the present invention, there is the electrode assembly being arranged in single pond shell, wherein is stored Battery list pond includes selectively conductive material, this selectively conductive material in the case where being more than critical limit voltage It is transitioned into conduction state and arranged so that the anode of electrode assembly and cathode is shorted in the conductive state.
Selectively conductive material indicates a kind of material herein for this, and it is electrically conductive which according to the voltage of application changes its Performance.It is preferably this selectively conductive material herein, selectively conductive material exists in > 4.3V, preferably for this Conduction state is transitioned under critical limit voltage between 4.3V and 4.5V.Critical limit voltage is expressed as follows voltage herein, can Selectively the conductive capability of conductive material is since the voltage changes and is especially transitioned into conductive shape by non-conductive state State.
Preferably, this selectively conductive material has small conductive capability σ < 10 under critical limit voltage-15 Every meter of S/m(Siemens), preferably < 10-11S/m and particularly preferably < 10-8S/m.On critical limit voltage selectively Conductive material can have σ > 10-8Every meter of S/m(Siemens), preferably > 10-3S/m and particularly preferred > 10-1S/m's leads Electric energy power.
The electrode assembly in battery list according to the invention pond includes being arranged in the intracorporal electrode layer of shell.In order to provide and electricity The electrical connection of pole layer, positive or negative electrode layer are directed to connecting lead wire via collector, which is protruded by shell.
In one embodiment, this selectively conductive material is not lead in the case where being lower than critical limit voltage Electric and positive electrode and negative electrode insulate.Therefore, this selectively conductive material is used as isolator, and positive electrode and negative electrode it Between potential outflow it is substantially impossible.
In another embodiment, this selectively conductive material includes selectively conductive polymer.Especially Preferably, this selectively conductive material is made of selectively conductive polymer.
In another embodiment, this selectively conductive material includes polythiophene (Polythiophene), especially It is poly- 3- decylthiophene (Poly (3-Decylthiophen)).
In another embodiment, electrode assembly includes electrode coil or the winding with positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer Electrode assembly or electrode stack or stacking electrode assembly.Electrode layer and therebetween separation layer heap in stacked chip arrangements It stacks.In the case where coil type list pond, also referred to as Jelly-Roll, electrode layer is with the separating layer volume being disposed there between One coil.Here, electrode layer and separating layer are for example manufactured by flexible material, to realize coil.
Positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer can include especially conductive metal foil or conductive plate, with active material coating. Corresponding feature is provided herein to the active material of plate or metal foil coating, so as to by electrode layer be designed as acceptor or determination from The alms giver of son.Metal foil can have 75 μm to 100 μm of thickness herein, such as copper foil between 7 μm and 15 μm or in 10 μ Aluminium foil between m and 20 μm.This electrode assembly especially suitable for winding.Plate can have 75 μm to 250 μm of thickness and Electrode assembly especially suitable for stacking.
In a preferred embodiment, battery list pond is designed as lithium-ions battery list pond.In this active material It is the acceptor or donor for lithium ion.In this way, the positive electrode layer of coating provides a kind of medium, the lithium ion just to charge is in electric power storage It is possibly stored to when tank discharge in the medium.
Positive electrode layer for example may include aluminium foil, the aluminium foil with active material, for example lithium metal oxide, barium oxide, Olivine and rechargeable oxidate for lithium coating.This coating is for example comprising transition metal oxide (LiMO2, M=Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, AI), lithium cobalt oxide (LiCo2O4), iron lithium phosphate (LiFePO4) or lithium mangnese oxide (LiMn2O4), lithia nickel cobalt Aluminium (Lithium-Nickel-Kobalt-Aluminium-Oxid) or lithia nickel cobalt manganese (Lithium-Nickel-Kobalt- Mangan-Oxid).
Positive electrode layer provides the lithium ion just to charge in contrast and for example may include copper foil, such as with active material Lithium, graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon, tin alloy, Zinc-lithium alloy material or intermetallic compound coating.
In another embodiment, the selectively conductive material surrounding electrodes device, especially electrode coil.? This this selectively conductive material can so surround electrode assembly so that the end of electrode coil provides following region, Positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer pass through collector contact respectively in the region.
In another embodiment, the collector and shell of the selectively conductive material connection cathode, wherein just The collector of pole is directly connect with shell.Therefore, shell be located at anode potential on and and negative insulation.
In another embodiment, shell has case lid, which includes the connecting lead wire of anode and cathode, should Case lid includes selectively conductive material.Preferably case lid is manufactured by selectively conductive material.In the embodiment party In formula, it is unnecessary for being equipped with other lead wire insulation portion between case lid and its connection lead.
In another embodiment, this selectively conductive material as lead wire insulation portion be arranged shell with it is positive And/or between the connecting lead wire of cathode.
In another embodiment, the core of electrode assembly includes selectively conductive material, and wherein the core is extremely The connection of the electrode layer of small part and electrode assembly.
A kind of battery module is also proposed according to the present invention comprising at least two battery list according to the invention ponds. Battery list pond can be connected in series or in parallel herein.Furthermore multiple battery lists pond can connect as a matrix, wherein storing Battery list pond branch formula it is connected in series or in parallel.
Another pair of the invention likes at least one application of battery list according to the invention pond in the car, especially As the drive train in vehicle, and there are also a kind of vehicles, which includes at least one battery list according to the invention Pond, especially as drive train.
Protection is effectively overcharged for battery list pond by that can provide using selectively conductive material.So may be used Selectively conductive material can be shorted anode and cathode in the conductive state.By arranging that selectively conductive material can be with Ensure: when being more than critical limit voltage, extra potential can flow out.Therefore overcharging and tightly for battery list pond is prevented Then decomposable process prevents the temperature of battery Dan Chizhong from increasing and formed in gas.Polymer conduct is especially to this Conductive material be it is suitable, which according to the voltage of application is electrically conductive or non-conductive and therefore in critical pole Under voltage limit it is insulator or is conductor on critical limit voltage.Particularly advantageous here is battery Dan Chiwei It is damaged and can reversibly return to normal condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment and explaination in detail in the following description the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings.Attached drawing is shown:
Fig. 1 is the positive sectional view in the battery list pond of the electrode assembly with winding, and battery list pond is by may be selected The material of ground conduction surrounds；
Fig. 2 is the side cross-sectional view in the battery list pond of the electrode assembly with winding, and battery list pond is by may be selected The material of ground conduction surrounds；
Fig. 3 is the positive sectional view in battery list pond, is passed through in the electrode and shell of the battery Dan Chizhong electrode assembly Selectively conductive material is connected with each other；
Fig. 4 is the positive sectional view in battery list pond, in the battery Dan Chizhong case lid by selectively conductive material Material manufacture；
Fig. 5 is the positive sectional view in battery list pond, in the battery Dan Chizhong between case lid and connecting lead wire Lead wire insulation portion is manufactured by selectively conductive material；And
Fig. 6 is the side cross-sectional view in battery list pond, the battery Dan Chizhong electrode assembly core by selectively Conductive material is manufactured and is connect with electrode.
In the description next to the embodiment of the present invention, the same or similar component is with the same or similar attached drawing mark Note indicates, wherein eliminating the repeated description to these components on rare occasion.Attached drawing diagrammatically only indicates the present invention Object.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 show with winding electrode assembly 12 battery list pond 10 positive sectional view, the battery list pond by Selectively conductive material 22 surrounds.Fig. 2 shows battery list ponds 10 along the sectional view of section A-A.
Battery list pond 10 includes shell 14, and there is the electrode assembly 12 of anode 17 and cathode 18 to be contained in the shell In.The electrode assembly 12 being contained in shell 14 includes positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer, and separating layer is embedded in.Electrode assembly 12 be being wound around or stacking herein.
Shell 14 is constituted as hard case (Hardcase) with the cylinder with polygonal basic side.This outer housing 14 is with shell Body lid 16 is closed, which has connecting lead wire or terminal 21,23 to be connected electrically to the electrode layer of electrode assembly 12. For this purpose, collector 20,25 is connect with the positive electrode layer of electrode assembly 12 and positive electrode layer and connecting lead wire 21,23 respectively.It is negative Pole 18 additionally has lead wire insulation portion 24, which makes connecting lead wire 21 and case lid 16 insulate.Case lid Therefore 16 are located on the potential of anode 17.
Furthermore electrode assembly 12 shown in FIG. 1 is especially Poly(3-Decyl by selectively conductive material 22 Thiophen it) is surrounded for example in the form of metal foil.The such structure of metal foil being made of herein selectively conductive material 22 At so that the metal foil is directly contacted with collector 20,25.Preferably, metal foil is by Poly(3-Decyl Thiophen) system It makes.Therefore the metal foil extends between negative connecting lead wire and positive connecting lead wire 21,23.If negative connecting lead wire with Voltage difference between positive connecting lead wire 21,23 is increased beyond critical limit voltage, then by selectively conductive material 22 The metal foil of manufacture becomes conductive and potential can flow through two electrodes.Overcharging simultaneously for battery list pond 10 can so be prevented And it provides and effectively overcharges protection.If voltage difference declines, such as due to the end overcharged of charging, then by selectively leading again The metal foil that the material 22 of electricity is constituted becomes non-conductive again and battery list pond 10 can operate normally.
Fig. 3 shows the positive sectional view in battery list pond 10, and wherein shell 14 and cathode 18 pass through selectively conduction Material 22 is connected with each other.
The battery list pond 10 being shown in FIG. 3 corresponds essentially to battery list shown in FIG. 1 pond 10.It is different from Fig. 1, selectively conductive material 22, particularly poly- 3- decylthiophene are arranged in collector 20 and shell 14 in Fig. 3 Between.Additionally collector 20, lead wire insulation portion 24 are arranged in the region of case lid 16, selectively conductive 22 cloth of material It sets on collector.Therefore shell 14 is located on the potential of anode 17.Cathode 18 connects via collector 20 and connecting lead wire 21 It connects and is insulated by lead wire insulation portion 24 and case lid 16.If the voltage difference between positive electrode and negative electrode 17,18 is super now The critical limit voltage of selectively conductive material 22 is crossed, then potential is flowed out via the material.If voltage difference declines again Lower than the critical limit voltage of selectively conductive material 22, then selectively conductive material 22 becomes electric insulation simultaneously And battery list pond 10 can operate normally.
Fig. 4 shows the positive sectional view in battery list pond 10, in the battery Dan Chizhong case lid 16 by selectively Conductive material 22 manufactures.
The battery list pond 10 being shown in FIG. 4 corresponds essentially to Fig. 1 and battery list shown in Fig. 2 pond 10.It is different In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the battery list pond 10 of Fig. 4 includes case lid 16, and the case lid is made by selectively conductive material 22 It makes.So if the voltage difference between positive electrode and negative electrode 17,18 is more than critical limit voltage, then selectively conductive material Material 22, particularly poly- 3- decylthiophene become conductive and potential can flow out between positive electrode and negative electrode 17,18.If electric Pressure difference declines again, such as due to the end overcharged of charging, then selectively conductive material 22 becomes insulation and electric power storage again Chi Danchi 10 can be operated normally.
Fig. 5 shows the positive sectional view in battery list pond 10, in battery Dan Chizhong lead wire insulation portion 24 in case lid It is manufactured between 16 and connecting lead wire 21 by selectively conductive material 22.
The battery list pond 10 of Fig. 5 corresponds essentially to the battery list pond 10 shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.It is different from Attached drawing before, lead wire insulation portion 24 is between case lid 16 and connecting lead wire 21,23 by selectively conductive material 22, spy It is not poly- 3- decylthiophene manufacture.So if the voltage difference between connecting lead wire 21,23 is increased beyond critical limit electricity Pressure, then selectively conductive material 22 becomes conductive and potential can flow out.If between connecting lead wire 21,23 Voltage difference descends below critical limit voltage again, then battery list pond 10 can operate normally again.
Fig. 6 shows the side cross-sectional view in battery list pond 10, in the core 26 of the battery Dan Chizhong electrode assembly 12 It is manufactured by selectively conductive material 22 and is connect with the electrode layer of electrode assembly 12.
Battery list shown in fig. 6 pond 10 corresponds essentially to the battery list pond 10 shown in fig. 1 and 2.It is different The battery list pond 10 shown in fig. 1 and 2, electrode assembly 12 include core 26, and the core is by selectively conductive Material 22 manufactures.Additionally, core 26 is connect via contact element 28 with the positive electrode layer of electrode assembly 12 and positive electrode layer, The contact element is equally manufactured by selectively conductive material 22.If the voltage difference between positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer Under the critical limit voltage in selectively conductive material 22, then core 26 and contact element 28 are nonconducting And positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer are insulated.In contrast, if voltage difference between positive electrode layer and positive electrode layer More than the critical limit voltage of selectively conductive material 22, then this selectively conductive material become it is conductive and Potential between electrode layer can flow out.
Aspect outstanding the present invention is not limited to embodiment described herein or wherein.But more specifically logical The multiple variant schemes crossed in the aspect that claim provides all be it is possible, the multiple variant schemes is located at art technology In the process range of personnel.

Claims (11)

1.蓄电池单池（10），其具有布置在壳体（14）中的电极装置（12），其特征在于，所述蓄电池单池（10）包括可选择地导电的材料（22），所述可选择地导电的材料在超过临界极限电压的情况下过渡到导电状态并且如此布置，从而在导电状态下使所述电极装置（12）的正极（17）和负极（18）短接，其中所述可选择地导电的材料（22）作为引线绝缘部（24）设置在所述壳体（14）与所述正极（17）和/或所述负极（18）的连接引线（21、23）之间。1. A battery cell (10) having an electrode arrangement (12) arranged in a housing (14), characterized in that the battery cell (10) comprises a selectively conductive material (22), so The selectively conductive material transitions into a conductive state when a critical limit voltage is exceeded and is arranged such that in the conductive state the positive electrode ( 17 ) and the negative electrode ( 18 ) of the electrode arrangement ( 12 ) are short-circuited, wherein The selectively conductive material (22) is provided as a lead insulation (24) on the connection leads (21, 23) of the casing (14) and the positive electrode (17) and/or the negative electrode (18). )between. 2.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述可选择地导电的材料（22）在低于临界极限电压的情况下是不导电的并且所述正极（17）与所述负极（18）绝缘。2. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1, wherein the selectively conductive material (22) is non-conductive below a critical limit voltage and the positive electrode (17) is connected to the The negative electrode (18) is insulated. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述可选择地导电的材料（22）包含可选择地导电的聚合物。3. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the selectively conductive material (22) comprises a selectively conductive polymer. 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述可选择地导电的材料（22）包含Poly(3-Decylthiophen)。4. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the selectively conductive material (22) comprises Poly(3-Decylthiophen). 5.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述电极装置（12）包括具有正电极层和负电极层的缠绕的电极装置或堆叠的电极装置。5. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrode arrangement (12) comprises a wound electrode arrangement or a stacked electrode arrangement having a positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer. 6.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述可选择地导电的材料（22）包围所述电极装置（12）。6. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the selectively conductive material (22) surrounds the electrode arrangement (12). 7.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述可选择地导电的材料（22）将所述负极（18）的集电极（20）与所述壳体（14）连接起来，而所述正极（17）的集电极（25）直接与所述壳体（14）连接。7. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the selectively conductive material (22) connects the collector (20) of the negative electrode (18) to the casing (14) ) are connected, and the collector (25) of the positive electrode (17) is directly connected to the casing (14). 8.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述壳体（14）具有壳体盖（16），所述壳体盖具有所述正极（17）的和所述负极（18）的连接引线（21、23），所述壳体盖包括所述可选择地导电的材料（22）。8. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the housing (14) has a housing cover (16) with the positive electrode (17) and the The connecting leads (21, 23) of the negative electrode (18), the housing cover comprising the selectively conductive material (22). 9.根据权利要求1或2所述的蓄电池单池（10），其中所述电极装置（12）的核芯（26）包括所述可选择地导电的材料（22），所述核芯与所述电极装置（12）的电极层连接。9. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a core (26) of the electrode arrangement (12) comprises the selectively conductive material (22), the core being connected to The electrode layers of the electrode arrangement (12) are connected. 10.蓄电池模块，其包括至少两个按照权利要求1至9中任一项所述的蓄电池单池（10）。10. A battery module comprising at least two battery cells (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11.车辆，其包括至少一个按照权利要求1至9中任一项所述的蓄电池单池（10）。11. A vehicle comprising at least one battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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