CN103682307B - Nickel ion doped/lithium titanate battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel ion doped/lithium titanate battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于锂离子电池技术领域,涉及一种镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and relates to a preparation method of a lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery.
背景技术Background technique
目前,随着科技的进步和人类对新能源需求的不断提升,锂离子电池性能也在不断进步,尤其是现在新能源汽车对锂离子电池提出更高的要求,要实现其要求最根本的就要解决其安全问题,另外还需要提高其低温和快速充电能力。商业化的石墨负极锂离子电池还存在一些弊端,如过充时容易形成锂枝晶,造成电池短路,影响电池的安全性能;易形成SEI膜而造成首次充放电效率低,不可逆容量大;碳材料平台较低,易引起电解液分解,造成安全隐患等。钛酸锂为零应变材料,电势较高,不易产生锂支晶,安全性能更好,快速充电和低温充电能力更强,但因其电势较高,磷酸铁锂、三元、锰酸锂等正极体系电池标称电压偏低,只有2.0V~2.5V,相应电池能量密度偏低。若能够使用零应变材料钛酸锂匹配一种高电位正极,使其拥有较高能量密度的同时具有良好的循环性能、安全性能、快速充电和低温充电能力,势必会推动锂离子电池在汽车领域的发展。At present, with the advancement of science and technology and the continuous improvement of human demand for new energy, the performance of lithium-ion batteries is also improving, especially now that new energy vehicles have higher requirements for lithium-ion batteries. To solve its safety problems, it also needs to improve its low temperature and fast charging capabilities. There are still some disadvantages in commercial graphite negative lithium-ion batteries, such as lithium dendrites are easy to form during overcharging, causing short circuit of the battery and affecting the safety performance of the battery; SEI film is easy to form, resulting in low initial charge and discharge efficiency and large irreversible capacity; The material platform is low, which can easily cause the electrolyte to decompose and cause potential safety hazards. Lithium titanate is a zero-strain material with high potential, which is not easy to produce lithium branch crystals, has better safety performance, and has stronger fast charging and low-temperature charging capabilities. However, due to its high potential, lithium iron phosphate, ternary, lithium manganate, etc. The nominal voltage of the positive electrode system battery is low, only 2.0V~2.5V, and the corresponding battery energy density is low. If the zero-strain material lithium titanate can be used to match a high-potential positive electrode, so that it has high energy density and good cycle performance, safety performance, fast charging and low-temperature charging capabilities, it will definitely promote the use of lithium-ion batteries in the automotive field. development of.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池及其制备方法,使电池兼顾具有较高能量密度的同时具有良好的循环性能、安全性能、快速充电和低温充电能力。The object of the present invention is to provide a lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery and a preparation method thereof, so that the battery has high energy density and good cycle performance, safety performance, fast charging and low-temperature charging capabilities.
一种镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,包括正极片、负极片、电解液,所述正极片包括正极铝箔集流体以及涂敷在其表面的正极浆料涂层,所述负极片包括负极铝箔集流体及其涂敷在表面的负极浆料涂层,其特征是,A lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte, the positive electrode sheet comprising a positive electrode aluminum foil current collector and a positive electrode slurry coating coated on its surface, the negative electrode sheet comprising a negative electrode The aluminum foil current collector and the negative electrode slurry coating coated on the surface are characterized in that,
正负极浆料涂层包括以下材料:Positive and negative slurry coatings include the following materials:
正极浆料质量配比按镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4:导电碳Super-P:导电碳KS-15:粘结剂PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)=95:1:1:3,溶剂为NMP(N–甲基吡咯烷酮),正极固含量60%~65%;The mass ratio of positive electrode slurry is lithium nickel manganese oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 : conductive carbon Super-P: conductive carbon KS-15: binder PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) = 95:1:1:3, solvent It is NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone), and the solid content of the positive electrode is 60%~65%;
负极浆料质量配比按钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12:导电碳Super-P:导电碳KS-15:粘结剂PVDF=91:3:2:4,溶剂为NMP,负极固含量40%~45%。The mass ratio of the negative electrode slurry is lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 : conductive carbon Super-P: conductive carbon KS-15: binder PVDF=91:3:2:4, the solvent is NMP, and the solid content of the negative electrode is 40 %~45%.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,所述电解液为添加防胀气添加剂的碳酸酯溶剂体系5V高压电解液。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the electrolyte is a 5V high-voltage electrolyte in a carbonate solvent system with an anti-flatulence additive added.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,正极浆料涂层单面面密度为180~200g/m2,压实密度3.45~3.55g/cm3 。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the density of one side of the positive electrode slurry coating is 180-200g/m 2 , and the compacted density is 3.45-3.55g/cm 3 .
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,负极浆料涂层单面面密度为198~220g/m2,压实密度1.60~1.70g/cm3。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the density of one side of the negative electrode slurry coating is 198~220g/m 2 , and the compacted density is 1.60~1.70g/cm 3 .
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,所述正浆料涂层与负极浆料涂层面密度比为1:1.1。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the surface density ratio of the positive slurry coating to the negative slurry coating is 1:1.1.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池的制备方法,其特征是,According to the preparation method of described lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that,
正极浆料生产步骤:Positive electrode slurry production steps:
1)将PVDF与NMP按质量比30:613加入到行星搅拌机搅拌3h,1) Add PVDF and NMP to the planetary mixer at a mass ratio of 30:613 and stir for 3 hours,
2)然后加入导电碳Super-P与导电碳KS-15搅拌2h,加入的量按质量比Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=1:1:3,2) Then add conductive carbon Super-P and conductive carbon KS-15 and stir for 2 hours, the amount added is based on the mass ratio Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=1:1:3,
3)再加入镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4继续搅拌2h,加入的量按质量比镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4:PVDF=95:3, 3 ) Add lithium nickel manganese oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 and continue to stir for 2 hours .
4)最后过150目筛出料;4) Finally, pass through a 150-mesh sieve to discharge;
负极浆料生产步骤:Negative electrode slurry production steps:
1)将PVDF与NMP按质量比4:150加入到行星搅拌机搅拌3h,1) Add PVDF and NMP to the planetary mixer at a mass ratio of 4:150 and stir for 3 hours,
2)然后加入导电碳Super-P和导电碳KS-15搅拌3h,加入的量按质量比Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=3:2:4,2) Then add conductive carbon Super-P and conductive carbon KS-15 and stir for 3 hours, the amount added is based on the mass ratio Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=3:2:4,
3)再加入钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12继续搅拌4h,加入的量按质量比钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12:PVDF=91:4,3) Add lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and continue to stir for 4 hours. The amount added is lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 :PVDF=91:4 by mass,
4)最后过150目筛出料。4) Finally pass through a 150 mesh sieve and discharge.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池的制备方法,其特征是,上述每次加料搅拌均为先低速搅拌后高速搅拌,上述搅拌时间均代表高速搅拌时间。According to the preparation method of the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that each time the above-mentioned feeding and stirring are first low-speed stirring and then high-speed stirring, and the above-mentioned stirring time represents the high-speed stirring time.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池的制备方法,其特征是,行星搅拌机低速搅拌公转转速15±1r/min,自转转速500±50r/min,高速搅拌公转转速25±1r/min,自转转速2200±50r/min。According to the preparation method of lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the planetary mixer has a low-speed stirring revolution speed of 15 ± 1r/min, an autorotation speed of 500 ± 50r/min, and a high-speed stirring revolution speed of 25 ± 1r/min , The rotation speed is 2200±50r/min.
本发明的优点与效果是:1.本发明使用钛酸锂作为电池的负极活性物质,钛酸锂为零应变材料,不易产生锂支晶,电池具有更好的安全性能、倍率性能、低温性能和循环性能。The advantages and effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention uses lithium titanate as the negative electrode active material of the battery. Lithium titanate is a zero-strain material, which is not easy to produce lithium branch crystals, and the battery has better safety performance, rate performance and low temperature performance. and cycle performance.
2.本发明使用镍锰酸锂作为电池正极活性物质,使得钛酸锂负极电池电压可以达到3.0V,提高了钛酸锂负极电池的能量密度。2. The present invention uses lithium nickel manganese oxide as the positive electrode active material of the battery, so that the voltage of the lithium titanate negative electrode battery can reach 3.0V, and the energy density of the lithium titanate negative electrode battery is improved.
3.本发明使用添加防胀气添加剂的常规碳酸酯溶剂5V高压电解液,防胀气添加剂能够有效减小电池的胀气,提高电池的综合性能。3. The present invention uses the conventional carbonate solvent 5V high-voltage electrolyte added with anti-flatulence additive, and the anti-flatulence additive can effectively reduce the flatulence of the battery and improve the overall performance of the battery.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为电池0.2C放电曲线,Figure 1 is the 0.2C discharge curve of the battery,
图2为电池1C充放电循环曲线。Figure 2 is the charge and discharge cycle curve of the battery 1C.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面就具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明:Below with regard to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
一种镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,包括正极片、负极片、电解液,所述正极片包括正极铝箔集流体以及涂敷在其表面的正极浆料涂层,所述负极片包括负极铝箔集流体及其涂敷在表面的负极浆料涂层,其特征是,A lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte, the positive electrode sheet comprising a positive electrode aluminum foil current collector and a positive electrode slurry coating coated on its surface, the negative electrode sheet comprising a negative electrode The aluminum foil current collector and the negative electrode slurry coating coated on the surface are characterized in that,
正负极浆料涂层包括以下材料:Positive and negative slurry coatings include the following materials:
正极浆料质量配比按镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4:导电碳Super-P:导电碳KS-15:粘结剂PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)=95:1:1:3,溶剂为NMP(N–甲基吡咯烷酮),正极固含量60%~65%;The mass ratio of positive electrode slurry is lithium nickel manganese oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 : conductive carbon Super-P: conductive carbon KS-15: binder PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) = 95:1:1:3, solvent It is NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone), and the solid content of the positive electrode is 60%~65%;
负极浆料质量配比按钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12:导电碳Super-p:导电碳KS-15:粘结剂PVDF=91:3:2:4,溶剂为NMP,负极固含量40%~45%。The mass ratio of the negative electrode slurry is lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 : conductive carbon Super-p: conductive carbon KS-15: binder PVDF=91:3:2:4, the solvent is NMP, and the solid content of the negative electrode is 40 %~45%.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,所述电解液为添加防胀气添加剂的碳酸酯溶剂体系5V高压电解液。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the electrolyte is a 5V high-voltage electrolyte in a carbonate solvent system with an anti-flatulence additive added.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,正极浆料涂层单面面密度为180~200g/m2,压实密度3.45~3.55g/cm3 。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the density of one side of the positive electrode slurry coating is 180-200g/m 2 , and the compacted density is 3.45-3.55g/cm 3 .
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,负极浆料涂层单面面密度为198~220g/m2,压实密度1.60~1.70g/cm3。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the density of one side of the negative electrode slurry coating is 198~220g/m 2 , and the compacted density is 1.60~1.70g/cm 3 .
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池,其特征是,所述正浆料涂层与负极浆料涂层面密度比为1:1.1。According to the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the surface density ratio of the positive slurry coating to the negative slurry coating is 1:1.1.
根据任一项所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池的制备方法,其特征是,According to the preparation method of lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery described in any one, it is characterized in that,
正极浆料生产步骤:Positive electrode slurry production steps:
1)将PVDF与NMP按质量比30:613加入到行星搅拌机搅拌3h,1) Add PVDF and NMP to the planetary mixer at a mass ratio of 30:613 and stir for 3 hours,
2)然后加入导电碳Super-P与导电碳KS-15搅拌2h,加入的量按质量比Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=1:1:3,2) Then add conductive carbon Super-P and conductive carbon KS-15 and stir for 2 hours, the amount added is based on the mass ratio Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=1:1:3,
3)再加入镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4继续搅拌2h,加入的量按质量比镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4:PVDF=95:3, 3 ) Add lithium nickel manganese oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 and continue to stir for 2 hours .
4)最后过150目筛出料;4) Finally, pass through a 150-mesh sieve to discharge;
负极制浆生产步骤:Negative electrode pulping production steps:
1)将PVDF与NMP按质量比4:150加入到行星搅拌机搅拌3h,1) Add PVDF and NMP to the planetary mixer at a mass ratio of 4:150 and stir for 3 hours,
2)然后加入导电碳Super-P和导电碳KS-15搅拌3h,加入的量按质量比Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=3:2:4,2) Then add conductive carbon Super-P and conductive carbon KS-15 and stir for 3 hours, the amount added is based on the mass ratio Super-P:KS-15:PVDF=3:2:4,
3)再加入钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12继续搅拌4h,加入的量按质量比钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12:PVDF=91:4,3) Add lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and continue to stir for 4 hours. The amount added is lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 :PVDF=91:4 by mass,
4)最后过150目筛出料。4) Finally pass through a 150 mesh sieve and discharge.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池的制备方法,其特征是,上述每次加料搅拌均为先低速搅拌后高速搅拌,上述搅拌时间均代表高速搅拌时间。According to the preparation method of the lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that each time the above-mentioned feeding and stirring are first low-speed stirring and then high-speed stirring, and the above-mentioned stirring time represents the high-speed stirring time.
根据所述的镍锰酸锂/钛酸锂电池的制备方法,其特征是,行星搅拌机低速搅拌公转转速15±1r/min,自转转速500±50r/min,高速搅拌公转转速25±1r/min,自转转速2200±50r/min。According to the preparation method of lithium nickel manganese oxide/lithium titanate battery, it is characterized in that the planetary mixer has a low-speed stirring revolution speed of 15 ± 1r/min, an autorotation speed of 500 ± 50r/min, and a high-speed stirring revolution speed of 25 ± 1r/min , The rotation speed is 2200±50r/min.
具体实施例说明:Specific embodiment description:
正负极打浆均使用行星搅拌机,打浆方法使用锂离子制浆常规工艺技术;其中PVDF为美国Solef PVDF5130,NMP为广州松柏化工有限公司生产,行星搅拌机使用广州红运混合设备有限公司产品,导电碳Super-P和导电碳KS-15为上海汇普工业化学品有限公司生产,镍锰酸锂LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4使用海特电子集团有限公司自制产品,钛酸锂Li4Ti5O12为天津贝特瑞新能源材料有限公司钛酸锂型号LTO-1,电解液选用添加防胀气添加剂的碳酸酯溶剂体系5V高压电解液为北京化学试剂研究所生产。Planetary mixers are used for both positive and negative electrodes, and the beating method uses conventional lithium ion pulping technology; among them, PVDF is Solef PVDF5130 from the United States, NMP is produced by Guangzhou Songbai Chemical Co., Ltd., and the planetary mixer uses products from Guangzhou Hongyun Mixing Equipment Co., Ltd., conductive carbon Super -P and conductive carbon KS-15 were produced by Shanghai Huipu Industrial Chemicals Co., Ltd. Lithium nickel manganese oxide LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 was produced by Haite Electronics Group Co., Ltd. Lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 was produced in Tianjin Betterui New Energy Materials Co., Ltd. Lithium titanate model LTO-1, the electrolyte is a carbonate solvent system 5V high-voltage electrolyte with anti-flatulence additives produced by the Beijing Institute of Chemical Reagents.
电池的叠片方式制备采用5Ah-3.0V软包装,注液量20±0.5g,其它为软包电池常规工艺技术。电池检测时电压范围2.0V~3.3V,0.2C放电容量>5Ah,电池达到5C充电5C放电容量占0.2C充电0.2C放电容量的90%以上,-20℃ 0.2C充放电容量占常温0.2C充放电容量的90%以上,常温1C充放循环1000次容量保持率>90%,安全性能测试合格。0.2C放电曲线如图1所示,电池1C充放电循环曲线如图2所示。The stacking method of the battery adopts 5Ah-3.0V soft packaging, the liquid injection volume is 20±0.5g, and the other is the conventional technology of soft packaging batteries. When the battery is tested, the voltage range is 2.0V~3.3V, the 0.2C discharge capacity is >5Ah, the battery reaches 5C charge, the 5C discharge capacity accounts for more than 90% of the 0.2C charge 0.2C discharge capacity, and the -20°C 0.2C charge and discharge capacity accounts for 0.2C at room temperature More than 90% of the charge and discharge capacity, and the capacity retention rate of 1000 times of charge and discharge cycles at room temperature 1C is >90%, and the safety performance test is qualified. The 0.2C discharge curve is shown in Figure 1, and the 1C charge-discharge cycle curve of the battery is shown in Figure 2.
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