CN103282991B - A kind of switchgear and switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of switchgear for distributing electric power (102,104,106; 204), it is electrically connected to electric conductor (220), described switchgear comprises the circuit breaker (126,128,130) that can be electrically connected on electric conductor (220), and described circuit breaker is mounted to its conductivity housing (120,122,124; 210), described switchgear provides current path between described circuit breaker (126,128,130) and described electric conductor (220), and described housing holds at least one for operating the ways (150,152) of described circuit breaker, at least one ways described is removable relative to described housing, and described housing has outer surface (134; 234), wherein said housing (120,122,124; 210) there is level and smooth external shape with distribution by by described switchgear (102,104,106; 204) electric field of the voltage generation of electric current.A kind of switching device comprising this switchgear.

Description

A switchgear and switchgear

technical field

The present invention relates to a switchgear for electrical power distribution, electrically connected to an electrical conductor such as a bus bar, the switchgear comprising a circuit breaker electrically connected to the electrical conductor, and a conductive housing on which said circuit breaker is mounted, the switchgear A device that provides a current path between a circuit breaker and an electrical conductor. The housing houses at least one guide member for operating the circuit breaker, the at least one guide member is movable relative to the housing, and the housing has an outer surface. Further, the invention relates to a switchgear comprising a switchgear of the kind described above.

Background technique

Medium-voltage and/or high-voltage switchgear for 1-1000 kV such as 12kV, 24kV or 36kV in the prior art usually includes 1 to 5 modules housed in a housing or enclosure, and each module includes at least three electrical Bushings (one for each corresponding electrical bushing of a three-phase AC power distribution system), conductors leading from each electrical bushing to the corresponding circuit breaker (such as a vacuum interrupter), selector switch (for each A circuit breaker corresponds to a selector switch), and a bus bar (corresponds to a bus bar for each). A selector switch is used to connect a circuit breaker to or disconnect a circuit breaker from a busbar. Each selector switch typically includes a switch blade pivotable between connected to or disconnected positions from the bus.

Circuit breakers are usually vacuum interrupters, which may be spring loaded and provided to interrupt the electrical circuit upon the occurrence of certain operating conditions. After being so disconnected, the selector switch can be manually or automatically disconnected from the corresponding busbar, either back to a position where the selector switch is connected to ground or to an open circuit position in which, for example, the circuit breaker side of the switch can be actuated electrical measurements of components.

Each of US2008/0217153A1, US2004/0104201A1 and DE3528770A1 discloses an example of a switchgear having, for each phase, a circuit breaker, a bushing, and in a first position, a second A movable switch element that pivots between two positions, in which the switch element electrically connects the circuit breaker to the busbar, and a third position, in which the switch element electrically connects the circuit breaker to ground/earth, and in a third position The switching element disconnects the circuit breaker from both the bus bar and ground, the third position corresponding to the off position.

US2005/0241928A1 discloses a power interrupter with an internal contactor made of lightweight material used as a line or load switch.

US 3,919,511 discloses an electrical circuit breaker with a mechanism housing partly covered by a half-case made of electrically conductive material, so as not to weaken the electric field inside the circuit breaker housing.

US 5,057,654 discloses an interrupter switch assembly having an interrupter unit having a molded housing and a cover portion with a conductive portion of the conductive shunt current path integrally formed with the cover portion, the conductive portion Typically a thin member or strip.

US2002/0179571A1 discloses a circuit interrupter device for a power distribution system comprising a housing made of a conductive material such as aluminium, forming part of the electrical connection between a first terminal and a second terminal. The housing is connected to a circuit interrupter, such as a vacuum interrupter, between the first terminal and the housing, and the housing covers a manual handle and lever mechanism assembly for operating the circuit interrupter. Alternatively, the housing is made of a non-conductive material with a conductive shunt forming the electrical connection between the first and second terminals.

Contents of the invention

invention goal

Switchgear shall be designed to prevent electrical discharges, arcs or flashovers that would occur between switching components. State-of-the-art switchgear may require too much space in order to meet safety regulations, ie to prevent discharges or arcs from occurring. At the same time, however, there is a need for compact switching devices requiring less space, but still having ensured safety against destructive discharges.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to reduce the risk of flashovers, discharges or arcs between components or units of a switchgear.

Another object of the invention is to provide a switching device with a compact design.

The above objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a switchgear for electrical connection to an electrical conductor in electrical power distribution, the switchgear comprising a circuit breaker electrically connectable to the electrical conductor, and a conductive housing to which the circuit breaker is connected, the switchgear The device provides a current path between the circuit breaker and the electrical conductor, and the housing houses at least one guide member for operating the circuit breaker, the at least one guide member being movable relative to the housing, the housing having an outer surface, wherein The housing has a smooth outer shape to distribute the electric field generated by the voltage of the current through the switching device.

The outer shape or outer geometry of the housing is smooth, wherein the housing has no angular outer shape, such as sharp corners or edges, and is free of roughness.

By means of the invention, the electric field or electric field stresses generated by the voltage of the current passing through the switchgear are distributed uniformly in an efficient manner and between the components of the switchgear and between the housing and surrounding things such as the housing of the switchgear of another phase or The risk of flashover, discharge or arcing between grounds is effectively reduced. Consequently, a switchgear with one or more switchgears according to the invention can be produced more compact and smaller and requires less space for the switchgear. Also, avoid any additional shielding of the electric field. The provision of at least one guide member for operating the circuit breaker within the housing also contributes to an even distribution of the electric field.

As a result of the improved switchgear, the electrical insulating gas required within the enclosure housing the switchgear may be reduced and possibly air may be used instead of eg _SF6 . However, the switchgear of the invention is advantageously combined with an enclosure containing any insulating gas, such as SF ₆ , and the housing of the switchgear may also be filled with or comprise any insulating gas.

A circuit breaker is suitable for opening/interrupting a current path and for closing a current path. Several prior art circuit breakers are known to those skilled in the art. A circuit breaker has at least two states. The first state, the closed or conducting state, in which the circuit breaker conducts current through it, and the second state, the open or non-conducting state, in which the circuit breaker breaks/interrupts the current path through it , and in this state the circuit breaker is substantially non-conductive and does not conduct any current. Generally speaking, circuit breakers are adapted to detect a fault condition and cut off the current once a fault condition is detected, the circuit breaker can then be reset (manually or automatically) to resume normal conduction operation.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switchgear of the invention, the circuit breaker is a vacuum interrupter, but the circuit breaker may be in the form of any suitable type of circuit breaker, such as an SF ₆ gas interrupter.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switchgear of the invention, the switchgear comprises an electrical conductor.

Advantageously, the housing is made of a suitable electrically conductive material, for example aluminium, such as cast aluminium. However, the housing may also be made of copper, zinc or any other suitable conductive material. Neither casting nor molding the aluminum shell is an expensive procedure. Advantageously, the housing is plated with nickel or silver at specific locations, for example in the area of electrical connections.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switchgear of the invention, the outer surface of the housing is smooth to distribute the electric field generated by the voltage of the current through the switchgear. The outer surface of the housing is smooth because there are no roughness, protrusions or sharp indentations on the outer surface. The outer surface is evenly curved. With this embodiment, the uniform distribution of the electric field or electric field stress is further improved. The risk of flashovers, discharges or arcs between components or units of the switchgear is further reduced and the switchgear can have a more compact design.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, at least a part of the housing forms part of the current path between the circuit breaker and the electrical conductor. With this embodiment, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is further improved and a more compact design of the switching device can be given without increasing the risk of flashover. Between the housing and the electrical conductors, further switches such as will be disclosed below may be provided to form a current path between the housing and the electrical conductors.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the housing comprises a first end to which the circuit breaker is mounted, and a second end comprising terminals via which a current path leaves the housing to the electrical conductor, The housing extends axially between a first end and a second end of the housing, and the housing is adapted to form part of a current path extending between the first and second ends, i.e. the A portion extends between the first and second ends.

In US2002/0179571A1, the current path through the interrupter device is through the terminals, through the static contacts of the vacuum interrupter, through the adapter to the belt and through the conductive support tube of the belt electrical control, and from the Support tube to second terminal. Thus, the housing itself is only a small part of the current path between the movable contact and the second terminal of the vacuum interrupter, and the housing conducts current only along a limited portion of the entire housing. In addition, as mentioned above, a plurality of different conductive elements contained in the housing are part of the current path of US2002/0179571A1. In the switchgear of the present invention, the housing substantially forms the entire current path between the circuit breaker and the terminals, and the housing conducts current along the substantial length of the axial extension of the housing, providing a Improved distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses, and further reduction of the risk of flashover between the housing and surroundings, such as the housing of a switchgear of another phase. Consequently, the switching device can have a more compact design and additional shielding of electric fields in relation to surroundings can be avoided or reduced. In addition, with this embodiment the switchgear can be manufactured using fewer components, the production of the switchgear is improved and the distribution of the electric field is also improved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the housing is adapted to form a part of a current path extending between the first end of the housing and the terminal, i.e. the part is between the first end and the terminal extend. With this embodiment, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is further improved.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the circuit breaker comprises a first electrically conductive contact and a second electrically conductive contact, the second contact being movable relative to the first contact and relative to the housing, and when When the first and second contacts are in contact, the circuit breaker is in the closed position, and when the first and second contacts are separated, the circuit breaker is in the open position, and wherein the second contact is electrically connected at the first end of the housing. connected to the housing. With this embodiment, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is further improved.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the housing is adapted to be substantially equal to the potential of the second contact of the circuit breaker during operation of the switchgear. With this embodiment, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is further improved.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the housing has an inner surface comprising a contact surface, the second contact of the circuit breaker has a sliding contact element in electrical contact with the second contact, and the sliding contact element Slide on the contact surface of the housing and make electrical contact with it. With this embodiment, the production of the switchgear is facilitated, and the distribution of the electric field is further improved.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the housing has an inner surface comprising a contact surface, the switchgear comprises a flexible electrical conductor having a first end and a second end, the first end of the flexible electrical conductor being in contact with the circuit breaker The second contact of the flexible electrical conductor is electrically connected, and the second end of the flexible electrical conductor is electrically connected with the contact surface of the housing.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the first end of the housing comprises a contact surface.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the housing is adapted to form a part of the current path extending between the contact surface of the housing and the terminal, ie the part extends between the contact surface and the terminal. With this embodiment, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is further improved.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the housing houses at least one electrically conductive member, for example a strip or a strip forming part of the current path between the circuit breaker and the electrical conductor. Advantageously, the conductive member may form part of an electrical current path extending between the first and second end, for example between the first end and the terminal, or for example between a contact surface of the housing and the terminal . This embodiment is advantageous if the housing is made of a material of low electrical conductivity, eg zinc, where the conductive members conduct current.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the switching device comprises a switch for electrically connecting the housing to an electrical conductor, the switch comprising a switching element movable into a first position, at a first disposition the switch The element is electrically connected to the housing and the electrical conductor, the switching element is movable to a second position where the switching element is disconnected from the electrical conductor and electrically connected to the housing and the grounding element, and the switching element is movable to a third position, in a third position the switching element is disconnected from the electrical conductor and from the grounding element. With this embodiment, the distribution of the electric field and the electric field stresses is further improved and this embodiment results in a further improved compactness of the switching device.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, in the first position the switching element is electrically connected to the terminals of the housing and to the electrical conductor. With this embodiment, the distribution of the electric field and the electric field stresses is further improved and this embodiment results in a further improved compactness of the switching device.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the switching element has a first end and a second end, between which the switching element extends, wherein in the first position the first end of the switching element One end is electrically connected to the terminal of the housing, and the second end of the switching element is electrically connected to the electrical conductor, wherein in the second position, the second end of the switching element is disconnected from the electrical conductor and electrically connected to the housing body, and the first end of the switch element is connected to the ground element, and wherein the first and second ends of the switch element are electrically connected to the housing at the third position. With this embodiment, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is further improved.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, in the third position the switching element is located within the outer surface of the housing. With this embodiment, the dielectric properties of the switchgear are not compromised, and the distribution of the electric field and electric field stress is further improved.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the switching element is pivotable about an axis of rotation and pivotable between a first, second and third position.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the axis of rotation of the switching element is located outside the outer surface of the housing. With this embodiment, the switching element can be pivotally mounted to the rotation shaft outside the housing, and the distribution of the electric field and the electric field stress is further improved.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the axis of rotation of the switching element is located outside the switching element.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the switching device according to the invention, the housing has a through opening for housing suspension. Thus, an effective suspension of the housing is provided which does not impair the distribution of the electric field to any substantial extent.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the outer surface of the housing is smoothly curved towards and into the through-hole, thus preventing a so-called triple point with high dielectric stress. It is advantageous when using rods that are inserted into through holes.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the switchgear comprises a rod inserted into the through hole of the housing, said rod being rotatable about its longitudinal axis and relative to the housing, said rod being connected to said at least one guide members, and rotation of the rod therewith is adapted to control movement of the at least one guide member. Thus, effective control of the circuit breaker is provided without impairing the electric field distribution to any substantial extent. Advantageously, when each of several phases (for example, three phases) has the inventive switchgear, the same shaft is inserted in the through hole of each housing to control the movement of said at least one guide member of all housings. move. Alternatively, two pull/push rods, one for opening the circuit breaker and the other for closing the circuit breaker, may be used instead of the lever to operate the circuit breaker. Other embodiments for controlling circuit breakers are also possible.

According to yet another advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, the housing is formed by at least one casting component. Advantageously, the housing may be formed from two cast members joined by suitable means. Through these embodiments, the circuit breaker will be effectively supported and a mechanically stable switchgear and system will be achieved.

The above objects of the invention are also achieved by providing a switchgear for power distribution, said switchgear comprising at least one switchgear, wherein said switchgear comprises the features recited in any one of claims 1 to 14, and/or the abovementioned The feature described in any one of the embodiments. Thus, a switching device with a compact design and a reduced risk of flashovers, discharges or arcs between components or units of the switching device is achieved.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the switchgear according to the invention, said switchgear comprises a switching device for each phase.

The switchgear and/or switchgear according to the invention are advantageously suitable for medium and/or high voltages, eg 1 KV and above.

The above-mentioned embodiments and features can be combined in various possible ways to provide more advantageous embodiments.

Further advantageous embodiments of the switchgear and switchgear according to the invention as well as further advantages of the invention emerge from the detailed description of embodiments.

Description of drawings

For the purpose of illustration, the invention will be described in more detail by means of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

1 is a schematic partial view of a first embodiment of a switching device according to the invention with three first embodiments of a switchgear according to the invention;

2-4 are schematic cross-sectional views of a second embodiment of a switchgear and a second embodiment of a switchgear according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the exterior of the housing of the second embodiment of the switchgear shown in Figs. 2-4.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a switching device according to the invention with switching devices 102, 104, 106 according to the invention, wherein one 102 of the switching devices has a housing opened for illustrative purposes part. The switchgear shown is a power distribution switchgear and includes several switchgears 102, 104, 106 which may be housed in an enclosure (not shown). The enclosure is penetrated by several electrical bushings (not shown), one for each of the polyphase systems. A respective conductive element 108 , 110 , 112 extends from each electrical bushing to a respective electrical device 102 , 104 , 106 . Outside the enclosure, the electrical bushings are connected to cables (not shown) which connect the switchgear either to a load or to a medium or high voltage distribution line.

Each switchgear 102, 104, 106 is electrically connectable to and includes electrical conductors in the form of bus bars, a conductive housing 120, 122, 124 made of aluminum and made of two cast members, and Circuit breakers 126, 128, 130 on 120, 122, 124. Housings 120 , 122 , 124 overlap portions of circuit breakers 126 , 128 , 130 . The switchgear 102 , 104 , 106 provides a current path 132 between the circuit breakers 126 , 128 , 130 and the electrical conductors, the current path 132 being shown by a thick line having a direction from bottom to top and through the switchgear 102 to the right. .

Each housing 120 , 122 , 124 has an exterior surface 134 and an interior surface 136 . The outer shape or geometry of the housings 120 , 122 , 124 is smooth to distribute the electric field generated by the voltage of the current through the switching devices 102 , 104 , 106 . The outer shape of the housing 120 is smooth because the housing does not have an angular outer shape and has no roughness. The exterior surface 134 of the housing 120 , 122 , 124 is also smooth to distribute the electric field generated by the voltage of the current passing through the switching devices 102 , 104 , 106 . The exterior surfaces 134 of the housings 120, 122, 124 are smooth in that the exterior surfaces 134 have no roughnesses, sharp protrusions, or sharp indentations.

At least a portion of the housing 120, 122, 124 forms a current path 132 between the circuit breakers 126, 128, 130 and the electrical conductors. Each housing 120 includes a first end or end 138 to which the circuit breaker 126 is mounted, and a second end or end 140 including a terminal 142 through which the current path 132 exits the housing 120 to an electrical conductor. , the housing 120 extends axially between the first end 138 and the second end 140 . Terminals 142 are connectable to switches 144 for connecting housing 120 to electrical conductors.

The circuit breakers 126, 128, 130 are in the form of vacuum interrupters and include, in a conventional manner, a conductive first contact 146 and a conductive second contact 148 opposite to the first contacts 146 and It is movable relative to the housing 120 . When the first and second contacts 146, 148 are in contact, the circuit breaker 126 is in the closed (conducting) position, and when the first and second contacts 146, 148 are separated, the circuit breaker 126 is in the open (non-conducting) position. conduction) position. The circuit breakers 126, 128, 130 are conventional technology and known to those skilled in the art and thus will not be described in detail. It will be appreciated that circuit breakers other than vacuum interrupters may also be used.

The housing 120 houses a plurality of guide members 150, 152 for operating the circuit breaker 126, including, for example, a biasing member 150 in the form of a coil spring. The biasing member 150 may also be in the form of other spring means, such as disc springs or the like. The biasing member 150 is connected to the second contact 148 of the circuit breaker 120 and is adapted to bias the second contact 148 relative to the first contact 146 when the circuit breaker 120 is in the closed position. Biasing member 150 is advantageously non-conductive. The biasing member 150 is axially movable relative to the housing 120 and is in turn connected to a pivot arm 152 rotatable about an axis of rotation 154, rotation of the pivoting arm 152 causing axial movement of the biasing member 150 and movement of the circuit breaker 120. Axial movement of the second contact 148 . Each housing 120 , 122 , 124 has a through hole 156 for suspension of the housing 120 , 122 , 124 and the switching means includes a rod 158 inserted into the through hole 156 of each housing 120 , 122 , 124 . The outer surface 134 of the housing 120, 122, 124 is smoothly curved towards and into the through hole. By said smooth curvature of the outer surface, so-called triple points with high dielectric stress are prevented. The lever 158 is rotatable about its longitudinal axis 154 , which is coaxial with the axis of rotation 154 of the pivot arm 152 , and relative to the housing 120 , to which the lever 158 is connected. Rotation of lever 158 causes pivot arm 152 to rotate. The lever 158 is adapted to control the movement of the second contact 148 of the circuit breaker 126 by controlling the rotation of the pivot arm 152 and thereby controlling the axial movement of the biasing member 150 .

The interior surface 136 of the housing 120 includes a contact surface 160 at the first end 138 thereof. The second contact 148 of the circuit breaker 126 has a sliding contact element 162 in electrical contact with the second contact 148 of the circuit breaker 126 , and the sliding contact element 162 is in sliding physical and electrical contact with the contact surface 160 of the housing 120 . Thus, the second contact 148 is electrically connected to the housing 120 at the first end 138 of the housing 120, and the housing 120 forms part of the current path 132 between the contact surface 160 of the housing 120 and the terminal. 142 between.

2-4 schematically show a second embodiment of a switching device and a second embodiment of a switchgear according to the invention. The switchgear comprises a metal enclosure 202 housing a plurality of switchgears 204, only one of which is shown in the figure. The switchgear not shown in the figure is arranged next to the one shown, so that the switchgear not shown is either hidden behind the switchgear shown or is located in front of the latter in the plane and is not in the figure. shown in . The walls of the enclosure 202 are penetrated by several electrical bushings 206 , one for each phase of the polyphase system. A respective conductive element 208 extends from each electrical bushing 206 to a respective switchgear 204, only one of which is shown. The outer electrical bushing 206 at the enclosure 202 is connected to a cable, not shown, which connects the switchgear either to a load or to a medium or high voltage distribution line.

As disclosed above in connection with FIG. 1 , each switchgear 204 of the second embodiment includes a circuit breaker 126 , guide members 150 , 152 and a rod 158 . The housing 210 of the switchgear 204 of FIGS. 2-4 has a slightly different design relative to the housing of FIG. 1 . The terminals 142 of the second embodiment have different positions, and the housing 210 has a housing member 212 which will be described in detail below. In addition, the switchgear 204 includes a flexible electrical conductor 214 having a first end or end 216 and a second end or end 218 without a sliding contact element, the first end 216 of the flexible electrical conductor 214 being in contact with the circuit breaker 126. The second contact 148 is physically and electrically connected, and the second end 218 of the flexible electrical conductor 214 is physically and electrically connected to the contact surface 160 of the housing 210 . The flexible electrical conductor may be in the form of a strip, for example a strip formed of thin copper strips. However, other possible flexible electrical conductors are known to those skilled in the art. As already mentioned in connection with FIG. 1 , each switchgear 204 is electrically connectable to and herein also includes an electrical conductor 220 in the form of a bus bar, and each switchgear 204 includes a A switch 222 is electrically connected to the electrical conductor 220 . The switch 222 includes a conductive switch element 224 movable to a first position (see FIG. 2 ), to a second position (see FIG. 3 ), and to a third position (see FIG. 4 ), wherein in the first In a position the switching element 224 is electrically connected to the terminal 142 of the housing 210 and to the electrical conductor 220, in a second position the switching element 224 is disconnected from the electrical conductor 220 and is electrically connected to the housing element 212 of the housing 210 As well as the ground element 226 , the switch element 224 is disconnected both from the electrical conductor 220 and from the ground element 226 in the third position.

The switching element 224 may be adapted to move within a slot in the housing 210 in which the terminal 142 and the housing element 212 may be provided. Therefore, the outer shape and outer surface of the housing 210 remain smooth.

The switch 222 functions as a so-called safety switch, or selector switch, which is not suitable for breaking medium or high voltage circuits by itself, but is only used to disconnect the circuit breaker from the medium or high voltage lines after the circuit breaker device has performed breaking connect. The reasons for using the above-mentioned three positions of the switching element 224 during operation of the switching device are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. The second position of the switch 222 may be considered a safe position, enabling safe maintenance and service such as connecting cables to the switchgear.

The switch element 224 is pivotable about an axis of rotation 228 and is pivotable between first, second and third positions. The axis of rotation 228 of the switch element 224 is located outside the outer surface 234 of the housing 210, and the switch element 224 is pivotally mounted to its axis of rotation 228 outside the housing 210 via an intermediate element 225 which connects the switch element 224 is connected to a rotating shaft 228 . The axis of rotation 228 of the switching element 224 is located outside the switching element 224 . Switching element 224 has a first end or end 230 and a second end or end 232 between which switching element 224 extends. In the first position (see FIG. 2 ), the first end 230 of the switching element 224 is physically and electrically connected to the terminal 142 of the housing 210 and the second end 232 of the switching element 224 is physically and electrically connected to the electrical conductor 220 . At a second disposition (see FIG. 3 ), the second end 232 of the switching element 224 is disconnected from the electrical conductor 220 and is physically and electrically connected to the housing element 212 of the housing 210, and the first end 232 of the switching element 224 End 230 is physically connected to ground element 226 . In a third position (see FIG. 4 ), the switch element 224 is located within the exterior surface 234 of the housing 210, and the first and second ends 230, 232 of the switch element 224 are both physically and electrically connected to the housing 210, wherein The first end 230 is physically connected to the housing element 212 of the housing 210 and the second end 232 is physically connected to the terminal 142 .

The terminal 142 and the housing element 212 can also be designed to form a part, ie the terminal can be integrated with the housing element.

Through the innovative design of the switch 222, the distribution of electric fields and electric field stresses is improved and enables a more compact design of the switching device.

Figure 5 shows the exterior of the housing 210 shown in Figures 2-4. The outer shape of the housing 210 and the outer surface 234 of the housing 210 are smooth to distribute the electric field generated by the voltage of the current through the switching device. The outer shape or outer geometry of the housing 210 is smooth in that the housing has no angular outer shape and no roughness. The exterior surface 234 of the housing 210 is smooth in that the surface has no roughness, sharp protrusions, or sharp indentations.

Each housing of the above-described embodiments is adapted to be at a potential substantially equal to that of the second contact of the circuit breaker during switchgear operation. Each of the housings of the above embodiments is adapted to form a portion of a current path extending between the first and second ends of the housing, more precisely between the first end of the housing and the terminal between, and more precisely, between the contact surface of the housing and the terminals.

It will be appreciated that the switchgear may comprise a plurality of switchgears or units such as those described above. For each electrical phase there is a common bus bar of electrical conductors as described above, extending from one unit to the other. Encapsulation may or may not be common for multiple switching devices/units. The encapsulation may be filled with an electrically insulating gas or gas mixture, which may be pressurized. Air-filled packages are also possible.

The invention should not be considered limited to the described embodiments, but a person skilled in the art may vary or modify the invention in various ways without going beyond the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A switchgear (102, 104, 106; 204) for power distribution, which is electrically connectable to an electrical conductor (220), said switchgear comprising: a circuit breaker (126, 128, 130), and a conductive housing (120, 122, 124; 210) to which said circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) is mounted, said switchgear (102, 104, 106; 204) A current path is provided between said circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) and said electrical conductor (220), and said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) houses at least one for operating said Guide members (150, 152) of circuit breakers (126, 128, 130), said at least one guide member (150, 152) being movable relative to said housing, said housing (120, 122, 124; 210 ) has an exterior surface (134; 234), and the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) has a smooth exterior shape to distribute the voltage caused by the current passing through the switching device (102, 104, 106; 204) A generated electric field, wherein the switching device (102, 104, 106; 204) includes a switch (222) for electrically connecting the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) to the electrical conductor (220) , the switch (222) includes a switch element (224) movable to a first position, to a second position and to a third position, in which the switch element is electrically connected to the a housing (120, 122, 124; 210) and connected to said electrical conductor (220), in said second position said switching element being disconnected from said electrical conductor (220) and electrically connected to said housing body and is connected to a grounding element (226), in said third position said switching element is disconnected from said electrical conductor (220) and from said grounding element, wherein said switching element is movable about an axis of rotation (228) pivotable and pivotable between said first, second and third positions, characterized in that said axis of rotation of said switching element is located outside said outer surface of said housing and in that at In the third position, the switch element is located within the exterior surface of the housing. 2. Switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of said housing forms said current path between said circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) and said electrical conductor (220) a part of. 3. The switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) comprises a first end (138) to which said circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) is mounted , and a second end (140) comprising a terminal (142) through which the current path (132) leaves the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) to the electrical conductor ( 220), said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) extending axially between said first and second ends (138, 140), and wherein said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) adapted to form a portion of said current path extending between said first and second ends of said housing. 4. Switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) is adapted to form a part of the current path. 5. The switchgear according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) comprises a conductive first contact (146) and a conductive second contact (148), the The second contact is movable relative to the first contact and relative to the housing (120, 122, 124; 210), and when the first and second contacts (146, 148) are in contact , the circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) is in the closed position, and when the first and second contacts are separated, the circuit breaker (126, 128, 130) is in the open position, and wherein the A second contact is electrically connected to the housing at the first end thereof. 6. The switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that during operation of the switchgear (102, 104, 106; 204), the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) is adapted to be in substantially A potential equal to the potential of the second contact (148) of the circuit breaker (126, 128, 130). 7. Switchgear according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) has an inner surface (136) comprising a contact surface (160), wherein the circuit breaker ( 126, 128, 130) of the second contact is provided with a sliding contact element (162) in electrical contact with the second contact, and wherein the sliding contact element (162) is in contact with the housing The contact surface (160) slides and makes electrical contact. 8. The switchgear according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) has an inner surface comprising a contact surface (160), wherein the switchgear (102, 104 , 106; 204) comprising a flexible electrical conductor (214) having a first end (216) and a second end (218), said first end of said flexible electrical conductor (214) being in contact with said circuit breaker The second contacts of (126, 128, 130) are electrically connected and the second end of the flexible electrical conductor (214) is electrically connected with the contact surface (160) of the housing. 9. Switchgear according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) is adapted to be formed on said contact surface (160) of said housing and said terminal A portion of said current path extending between (142). 10. Switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) is provided with a through hole (156) for suspension of the housing. 11. The switchgear according to claim 10, characterized in that said switchgear (102, 104, 106; 204) comprises said through hole (156) inserted into said housing (120, 122, 124; 210) ) within the rod (158), wherein the rod is rotatable about its longitudinal axis (154) and about the housing, wherein the rod is connected to the at least one guide member (150, 152), and wherein the The rod and its rotation are adapted to control the movement of said at least one guide member. 12. Switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the housing (120, 122, 124; 210) is made of at least one cast part. 13. A switchgear for power distribution, said switchgear comprising at least one switchgear (102, 104, 106; 204), characterized in that said switchgear comprises a switchgear as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 Characteristics.