CN103135140B - A kind of central loop TEM full phase true resistivity computing method of non-flanged effect - Google Patents

A kind of central loop TEM full phase true resistivity computing method of non-flanged effect Download PDF

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CN103135140B
CN103135140B CN201310037890.9A CN201310037890A CN103135140B CN 103135140 B CN103135140 B CN 103135140B CN 201310037890 A CN201310037890 A CN 201310037890A CN 103135140 B CN103135140 B CN 103135140B
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无边缘效应的中心回线TEM全期真电阻率计算方法,从载流点微元的圆形回线电场公式出发,根据电场、磁场、感生电动势之间的关系、解决了中心点外场点解析求解困难的问题;根据电阻率勘探中的相对概念,应用大宗量Bessel函数的渐进式,解决了含Bessel函数积分的计算问题。本发明包括以下步骤:获得任意场点感生电动势解析表达式的步骤;获得任意场点单Bessel函数的感生电动势解析表达式的步骤;将任意场点单Bessel函数的感生电动势解析公式代入反演程序,获得无边缘效应的中心回线TEM真电阻率的步骤。该方法从根本上消除了边缘效应的影响,提高了对地下地质结构的正判率,可应用于中心回线TEM资料的处理与解释,提高解释精度。

The invention discloses a method for calculating the full-period true resistivity of a central loop TEM without edge effects. Starting from the electric field formula of a circular loop at a microelement at a current-carrying point, according to the relationship between the electric field, magnetic field, and induced electromotive force, Solved the problem of difficult analysis and solution of the central point and outer field points; according to the relative concept in resistivity exploration, the asymptotic formula of a large number of Bessel functions was used to solve the calculation problem of Bessel function integrals. The present invention comprises the following steps: the step of obtaining the analytical expression of the induced electromotive force of any field point; obtaining the analytical expression of the induced electromotive force of the single Bessel function of the arbitrary field point The steps; the step of substituting the analytical formula of the induced electromotive force of the single Bessel function at any field point into the inversion program to obtain the true resistivity of the central loop TEM without edge effects. This method fundamentally eliminates the influence of the edge effect, improves the correct judgment rate of the underground geological structure, and can be applied to the processing and interpretation of the central loop TEM data to improve the interpretation accuracy.

Description

一种无边缘效应的中心回线TEM全期真电阻率计算方法A Calculation Method of Central Loop TEM Whole-phase True Resistivity Without Edge Effect

技术领域technical field

本发明属于地球物理勘探领域,具体涉及一种电和电磁法勘探资料解释方法。。The invention belongs to the field of geophysical prospecting, and in particular relates to an interpretation method for electric and electromagnetic prospecting data. .

背景技术Background technique

为了提高中心回线TEM(TransientElectro-Magnetic,TEM)的施工效率,在野外勘探中,将观测点从中心点扩大到了中心1/3的区域如图1所示。但是,中心区域场的不均匀性,形成如图2所示的边缘效应。由于采用了中心点公式定义的视电阻率,边缘效应在视电阻率-深度剖面上,形成了与发射回线有关、与地质结构无关的韵律变化,导致对地下地质结构的误判。为了解决这个问题,现有技术将大定源回线和中心回线理论公式进行了统一[1-2],获得的仍然是视电阻率,且大定源回线的理论公式是从偶极子微元出发导出的,中心回线的场点到源的距离与偶极子假设相差较远,误差仍然较大;对于真电阻率的计算,现有技术采用测点归位的校正方法消除边缘效应[3],但是边缘效应是回线源场的本质表现,该方法不仅不能消除边缘效应,还会引入新的误差。对地下地质结构的误判依然存在。In order to improve the construction efficiency of the central loop TEM (Transient Electro-Magnetic, TEM), in the field exploration, the observation point was expanded from the central point to the central 1/3 area, as shown in Figure 1. However, the inhomogeneity of the field in the central area forms the edge effect shown in Figure 2. Due to the adoption of the apparent resistivity defined by the center point formula, the edge effect forms a rhythmic change related to the emission loop but not related to the geological structure on the apparent resistivity-depth profile, which leads to misjudgment of the underground geological structure. In order to solve this problem, the existing technology unifies the theoretical formulas of the large fixed source loop and the center loop [1-2] , and the obtained apparent resistivity is still obtained, and the theoretical formula of the large fixed source loop is derived from the dipole The distance from the field point of the center loop to the source derived from the submicron is far from the dipole assumption, and the error is still large; for the calculation of true resistivity, the existing technology uses the correction method of measuring point homing to eliminate Edge effect [3] , but the edge effect is the essential performance of the loop source field, this method not only cannot eliminate the edge effect, but also introduces new errors. Misjudgment of subsurface geological structures still exists.

对比文件与参考文献Compare documents and references

[1]李建平,李桐林,赵雪峰,梁太木.层状介质任意形状回线源瞬变电磁全区视电阻率的[1] Li Jianping, Li Tonglin, Zhao Xuefeng, Liang Taimu. Calculation of the full-area apparent resistivity of arbitrarily shaped loop source transient electromagnetic in layered media

研究.地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1777-1780Research. Advances in Geophysics, 2007,22(6):1777-1780

[2]石显新,闫述,傅君眉,陈明生.瞬变电磁法中心回线装置资料解释方法的改进.地球物[2] Shi Xianxin, Yan Shu, Fu Junmei, Chen Mingsheng. Improvement of Data Interpretation Method for Transient Electromagnetic Method Central Loop Device. Earth Objects

理学报,2009,52(7):1931-1936Acta Science, 2009, 52(7):1931-1936

[3]http://www.phoenix-geophysics.com/[3] http://www.phoenix-geophysics.com/

[4]KnightJH,RaicheAP.transientelectromagneticcalculationsusingtheGaver-StehfestinverseLaplacetransformmethod.Geophysics,1982,47(1):47-50[4]KnightJH, RaicheAP.transientelectromagneticcalculationsusingtheGaver-StehfestinverseLaplacetransformmethod.Geophysics,1982,47(1):47-50

[5]AndersonWL.NumericalintegrationofrelatedHankeltransformsoforder0and1byadaptivedigitalfiltering.Geophysics,1979,44(7):1287-1305.[5] AndersonWL.NumericalintegrationofrelatedHankeltransformsoforder0and1byadaptivedigitalfiltering.Geophysics,1979,44(7):1287-1305.

[6]KoefoedO,GhochDP,PolmenGJ.Computationoftypecurvesforelectromagneticdepthsoundingwithahorizontaltransientcoilbymeansofadigitallinearfilter.GeophysicalProspecting,1972,20:406-420.[6] Koefoed O, Ghoch DP, Polmen GJ. Computation of type curves for electromagnetic depth sounding with horizontal transient coil by means of digital linear filter. Geophysical Prospecting, 1972, 20: 406-420.

[7]VermaRK,KoefoedO.Anoteonthelinearfiltermethodofcomputingelectromagneticsoundingcurves.GeophysicalProspecting,1973,21:70-76.[7] VermaRK, Koefoed O. Anote on the linear filter method of computing electronics sounding curves. Geophysical Prospecting, 1973, 21:70-76.

[8]陈明生,陈乐寿,王天生,白改先.用改进的广义逆矩阵方法解释大地电磁测深及电测深资料.地球物理学报,1983,26(4):390-400.[8] Chen Mingsheng, Chen Leshou, Wang Tiansheng, Bai Gaixian. Interpretation of magnetotelluric sounding and electric sounding data with improved generalized inverse matrix method. Acta Geophysics, 1983, 26(4): 390-400.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了克服现有技术中消除边缘效应方法的缺陷,本发明提供一种无边缘效应的中心回线TEM全期真电阻率计算方法,消除由边缘效应引起的对地下地质结构的误判。In order to overcome the defects of the edge effect elimination method in the prior art, the present invention provides a center loop TEM full-period true resistivity calculation method without edge effect, which eliminates the misjudgment of the underground geological structure caused by the edge effect.

要获得无边缘效应的中心回线TEM真电阻率的关键:第一,获得回线内任一点感生电动势V(t)的解析表达式。但是,由于场分布的不均匀性,除中心点以外的感生电动势,并不能通过绕接收线圈对电场Eθ的积分获得;第二,中心回线TEM理论公式中以不同形式出现的双Bessel函数的数值积分计算问题。The key to obtain the true resistivity of the central loop TEM without edge effects: First, obtain the analytical expression of the induced electromotive force V(t) at any point in the loop. However, due to the inhomogeneity of the field distribution, the induced electromotive force other than the central point cannot be obtained by integrating the electric field E θ around the receiving coil; second, the double Bessel in different forms in the central loop TEM theoretical formula The problem of numerical integration of functions.

为了解决以上技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案如下。In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

一种无边缘效应的中心回线TEM全期真电阻率计算方法包括以下步骤:A calculation method of full-period true resistivity of central loop TEM without edge effect comprises the following steps:

步骤一,获得中心回线TEM任意场点垂直磁场解析表达式Step 1: Obtain the analytical expression of the vertical magnetic field at any field point in the central loop TEM

在圆柱坐标系中,当回线中点与坐标原点重合时,大地表面上中心回线TEM电场Eθ的频率域表达式为In the cylindrical coordinate system, when the midpoint of the loop coincides with the coordinate origin, the frequency domain expression of the TEM electric field E θ of the central loop on the earth surface is

EE. θθ (( rr ,, ωω )) == -- jωμjωμ 00 II (( ωω )) aa ∫∫ 00 ∞∞ RR nno (( λλ ,, ωω )) JJ 11 (( λλ aa )) JJ 11 (( λλ rr )) dd λλ -- -- -- (( 11 ))

式中r为地面上一点到坐标原点距离;ω=2πf为圆频率,其中f为频率;μ0=4π×10-7H/m为非磁性大地磁导率;I为发射电流,a为发射回线半径;J1为1阶Bessel函数,Rn层状大地表面上的总反射系数;λ为Hankel变换的积分变量;In the formula, r is the distance from a point on the ground to the coordinate origin; ω=2πf is the circular frequency, where f is the frequency; μ 0 =4π×10 -7 H/m is the magnetic permeability of the non-magnetic earth; I is the emission current, a is Radius of the launch loop; J 1 is the first-order Bessel function, R n is the total reflection coefficient on the layered earth surface; λ is the integral variable of Hankel transformation;

利用Maxwell旋度方程Using the Maxwell curl equation

▽×E=-jωμ0H(2)▽×E=-jωμ 0 H(2)

其中E为电场强度,H为磁场强度。由于电场仅有θ分量、且仅是r的函数,故有如下垂直分量的磁场Hz Where E is the electric field strength and H is the magnetic field strength. Since the electric field has only the θ component and is only a function of r, the magnetic field H z with the following vertical component

Hh zz == 11 rr ∂∂ ∂∂ rr (( rEE θθ )) == II (( ωω )) aa rr ∫∫ 00 ∞∞ RR nno (( λλ ,, ωω )) JJ 11 (( λλ aa )) [[ λJλJ 00 (( λλ rr )) -- 11 rr JJ 11 (( λλ rr )) ]] dd λλ -- -- -- (( 33 ))

式(3)中J0是0阶Bessel函数。解析公式(3)中含有双Bessel函数,还需要进一步化成单Bessel函数,才能应用现有滤波系数等算法求得积分的值。J 0 in formula (3) is the 0th order Bessel function. The analytical formula (3) contains double Bessel functions, and it needs to be further transformed into a single Bessel function, so that the value of the integral can be obtained by applying existing algorithms such as filter coefficients.

步骤二,获得任意场点单Bessel函数的感生电动势解析表达式Step 2. Obtain the analytical expression of the induced electromotive force of the single Bessel function at any field point

对于普遍应用的a=600m~800m的大发射回线,利用Bessel函数的渐进式For the widely used large transmission loop of a=600m~800m, the progressive formula of Bessel function is used

JJ 11 (( xx )) ≈≈ 22 ππ xx cc oo sthe s (( xx -- 33 ππ 44 )) (( xx →&Right Arrow; ∞∞ )) -- -- -- (( 44 ))

将公式(4)代入公式(3)Substitute formula (4) into formula (3)

Hh zz ≈≈ II (( ωω )) aa rr 22 ππ aa ∫∫ 00 ∞∞ RR nno (( λλ ,, ωω )) 11 λλ cc oo sthe s (( λλ aa -- 33 ππ 44 )) [[ λJλJ 00 (( λλ rr )) -- 11 rr JJ 11 (( λλ rr )) ]] dd λλ -- -- -- (( 55 ))

对公式(5)做逆Laplace变换,得到时间域形式Perform inverse Laplace transform on formula (5) to get the time domain form

实测感生电动势V(t)和hz(t)的关系为The relationship between the measured induced electromotive force V(t) and h z (t) is

VV (( tt )) == ∂∂ ∂∂ tt hh zz (( tt )) -- -- -- (( 77 ))

将公式(6)代入公式(7)后得任意场点单Bessel函数的感生电动势解析表达式为After substituting formula (6) into formula (7), the analytical expression of the induced electromotive force of a single Bessel function at any field point is

步骤三,将公式(8)代入反演程序中,即获得无边缘效应的中心回线TEM的全期真电阻率。Step 3: Substituting formula (8) into the inversion program, that is, to obtain the full-period true resistivity of the central loop TEM without edge effects.

上述公式(8)的求值利用Laplace的微分性质、G-S算法、滤波系数算法。The above formula (8) is evaluated using Laplace's differential property, G-S algorithm, and filter coefficient algorithm.

所述的滤波系数算法为文献[6]中Koefoed等提供的47个滤波系数计算1阶Bessel函数,用文献[7]中Verma提供的51个滤波系数计算0阶Bessel函数;或者利用文献[5]中Anderson提供的441个滤波系数计算1阶和0阶Bessel函数。The described filter coefficient algorithm is the 47 filter coefficients provided by Koefoed etc. in the document [6] to calculate the 1st order Bessel function, and the 51 filter coefficients provided by Verma in the document [7] to calculate the 0th order Bessel function; or use the document [5] The 441 filter coefficients provided by Anderson in ] calculate the 1st order and 0th order Bessel functions.

本发明具有有益效果。本发明公开的无边缘效应中心回线TEM全期真电阻率解决方法,从载流点微元的圆形回线电场公式出发,克服了偶极子微元的固有误差。根据电场、磁场、感生电动势之间的关系、解决了中心点外场点解析求解困难的问题;根据电阻率勘探中的相对概念,应用大宗量Bessel函数的渐进式,解决了含Bessel函数积分的计算问题,从根本上消除了边缘效应;通过将本发明的任意场点单Bessel函数的感生电动势公式(8)代入反演程序,即获得分层大地的全期真电阻率和厚度。提高了中心回线TEM探测地下地质结构的准确度。全期真电阻率可以更好地反映地下地质结构;为回线中任意点的TEM响应研究提供了解析形式的理论公式。The invention has beneficial effects. The method for solving the full-period true resistivity of the central loop TEM without edge effect disclosed by the invention starts from the electric field formula of the circular loop at the current-carrying point micro-element, and overcomes the inherent error of the dipole micro-element. According to the relationship between electric field, magnetic field and induced electromotive force, the problem of difficult analysis and solution of the center point and outer field point is solved; according to the relative concept in resistivity exploration, the asymptotic formula of a large number of Bessel functions is used to solve the problem of Bessel function integrals Calculation problems fundamentally eliminate the edge effect; by substituting the induced electromotive force formula (8) of the single Bessel function at any field point of the present invention into the inversion program, the full-period true resistivity and thickness of the layered earth can be obtained. The accuracy of central loop TEM detection of underground geological structure is improved. The full-term true resistivity can better reflect the underground geological structure; it provides a theoretical formula in analytical form for the study of TEM response at any point in the loop.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是中心回线TEM实际勘探中测点的分布示意图,图中的矩形方框为发射回线,十字标记为测点。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of measuring points in the actual exploration of the central loop TEM. The rectangular box in the figure is the emission loop, and the cross mark is the measuring point.

图2是具有边缘效应的实测数据测道图,观测时长30ms、时间道20道,后4道干扰较大,仅取了前16道,发射回线600m×600m,中心测区200m×200m。Fig. 2 is the track map of the measured data with edge effect. The observation time is 30 ms, and the time track is 20. The last 4 channels have a lot of interference, and only the first 16 tracks are taken. The emission loop is 600m×600m, and the central measurement area is 200m×200m.

图3是无边缘效应和校正边缘效应的中心回线TEM电阻率-深度剖面对比图,其中(a)是加拿大Phoenix公司V8仪器标配软件计算的、校正后仍有边缘效应影响的电阻率-深度剖面图,(b)是本发明的无边缘效应的全期中心回线TEM真电阻率-深度剖面图。Fig. 3 is a comparative diagram of the TEM resistivity-depth profile of the central loop line without edge effect and corrected edge effect, where (a) is the resistivity calculated by the standard software of the V8 instrument of the Canadian Phoenix company, which still has the influence of the edge effect after correction- Depth profile, (b) is the full-period central loop TEM true resistivity-depth profile without edge effects of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图,对本发明的具体实施方案作进一步详细说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

以煤田水文地质勘探中获得的实测数据为例,发射回线600m×600m,观测在其中200m×200m的中心区域内进行。图3中(a)是加拿大phoenix公司V8仪器标配校正边缘效应软件计算的电阻率-深度剖面,可以看出采用测点归位的校正并没有消除边缘效应的影响。同样的实测数据,用无边缘效应的全期真电阻率方法计算如下:Taking the measured data obtained in coalfield hydrogeological exploration as an example, the launch loop is 600m×600m, and the observation is carried out in the central area of 200m×200m. Figure 3 (a) is the resistivity-depth profile calculated by the standard correction edge effect software of the V8 instrument of the Canadian phoenix company. It can be seen that the correction of the measuring point homing does not eliminate the influence of the edge effect. For the same measured data, the full-period true resistivity method without edge effects is calculated as follows:

勘探施工时需要记录每个测点与发射回线的归属关系,及到发射回线中点的位置。考虑到实际施工中发射回线一般为正方形,公式(8)中的发射半径由下式换算During exploration and construction, it is necessary to record the ownership relationship between each measuring point and the launch loop, and the position to the midpoint of the launch loop. Considering that the launch loop is generally square in actual construction, the launch radius in formula (8) is converted by the following formula

aa == LL ππ -- -- -- (( 99 ))

式中L为正方形发射回线的边长。公式(8)中场点r的取值范围在发射回线中部三分之一的范围内,如图1所示。In the formula, L is the side length of the square launch loop. The value range of the midpoint r in formula (8) is within the range of one-third of the middle of the launch loop, as shown in FIG. 1 .

应用Laplace的微分性质、G-S算法[4];滤波系数算法采用文献[5]中Anderson提供的441个滤波系数[5]对上述公式(8)进行编程,然后与如图2所示的实测数据一起代入改进的广义逆矩阵[8]反演程序进行反演计算,得到全期真电阻率和地层厚度,用Surfer等绘图软件生成如图3中(b)所示的电阻率-深度剖面。反演初始参数设置有多种方法,本实施例采用的是均匀半空间地电模型,大地电阻率ρ1用早期或晚期视电阻率公式估算,地层层数与时间道数相同为16与现有的如图3中(a)所示的校正后仍有边缘效应影响的真电阻率-深度剖面[3]相比,本发明消除了边缘效应的影响。Apply Laplace's differential properties, GS algorithm [4] ; the filter coefficient algorithm uses the 441 filter coefficients [5] provided by Anderson in the literature [5] to program the above formula (8), and then compare it with the measured data shown in Figure 2 Together, they are substituted into the improved generalized inverse matrix [8] inversion program for inversion calculation, and the full-period true resistivity and formation thickness are obtained, and the resistivity-depth profile shown in (b) in Fig. 3 is generated by drawing software such as Surfer. There are many ways to set the initial parameters of the inversion. In this embodiment, a uniform half-space geoelectric model is adopted. The earth resistivity ρ1 is estimated by the early or late apparent resistivity formula. Compared with the true resistivity-depth profile [3] shown in (a) in Fig. 3, which still has the influence of the edge effect after correction, the present invention eliminates the influence of the edge effect.

Claims (3)

1. the central loop TEM of non-flanged effect full phase true resistivity computing method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step one, obtains any field of central loop TEM point vertical magnetic field analytical expression
In cylindrical-coordinate system, when loop line mid point overlaps with true origin, central loop TEM electric field E on Earth Surface θfrequency field expression formula be
E θ ( r , ω ) = - jωμ 0 I ( ω ) a ∫ 0 ∞ R n ( λ , ω ) J 1 ( λ a ) J 1 ( λ r ) d λ - - - ( 1 )
In formula, r is a bit to true origin distance on ground; ω=2 π f is circular frequency, and wherein f is frequency; μ 0=4 π × 10 -7h/m is non magnetic the earth magnetic permeability; I is transmitter current, and a is transmitting loop radius; J 1be 1 rank Bessel function, R ntotal reflectance on multi-layered earth surface; λ is the integration variable of Hankel conversion;
Utilize Maxwell vorticity equation
▽×E=-jωμ 0H(2)
Obtain the magnetic field H of vertical component z
H z = 1 r ∂ ∂ r ( rE θ ) = I ( ω ) a r ∫ 0 ∞ R n ( λ , ω ) J 1 ( λ a ) [ λJ 0 ( λ r ) - 1 r J 1 ( λ r ) ] d λ - - - ( 3 )
In formula (2), E is electric field intensity, and H is magnetic field intensity;
J in formula (3) 0it is 0 rank Bessel function;
Step 2, obtains the induced electromotive force analytical expression of any field single point Bessel function
For the large transmitter loop of the a=600m ~ 800m generally applied, utilize the gradual of Bessel function
J 1 ( x ) ≈ 2 π x c o s ( x - 3 π 4 ) ( x → ∞ ) - - - ( 4 )
Formula (4) is substituted into formula (3)
H z ≈ I ( ω ) a r 2 π a ∫ 0 ∞ R n ( λ , ω ) 1 λ c o s ( λ a - 3 π 4 ) [ λJ 0 ( λ r ) - 1 r J 1 ( λ r ) ] d λ - - - ( 5 )
Inverse Laplace conversion is done to formula (5), obtains time domain form
Actual measurement induced electromotive force V (t) and h zt the pass of () is
V ( t ) = ∂ ∂ t h z ( t ) - - - ( 7 )
The induced electromotive force analytical expression of field single point Bessel function is arbitrarily obtained after formula (6) being substituted into formula (7)
Step 3, substitutes into formula (8) in inversion program, namely obtains the full phase true resistivity of the central loop TEM of non-flanged effect.
2. central loop TEM full phase true resistivity computing method for non-flanged effect as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in described step 2, and the evaluation of formula (8) utilizes the Differential Properties of Laplace, G-S algorithm, filter factor algorithm.
3. the central loop TEM full phase true resistivity computing method of a non-flanged effect as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described filter factor algorithm calculates 1 rank Bessel function for 47 filter factors that Koefoed etc. provides, and 51 filter factors provided with Verma calculate 0 rank Bessel function.
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