CN102878035A - Multistage thermal power generation and poly-generation system based on the complementation of solar energy and other energy sources - Google Patents
Multistage thermal power generation and poly-generation system based on the complementation of solar energy and other energy sources Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The present invention aims to provide a distributed multistage thermal power generation system based on the complementation of solar energy and other energy sources. The thermal power generation system comprises solar energy collection systems, solar energy generating units and non-solar energy systems, wherein the solar energy collection systems and the solar generating units form a group of solar power generation system. The thermal power generation system also comprises at least two groups of solar power generation systems and at least one group of non-solar energy systems to provide supplementary energy sources for the solar power generation systems. One group of solar power generation systems can be connected to the other group of solar power generation systems in series and/or in parallel, therefore, the waste heat generated by power generation of the group of power generation systems can be utilized by the other group of power generation systems to realize multistage power generation through utilization of the waste heat. Two groups of solar power generation systems consist of one group of solar low-temperature power generation systems and one group of solar high-temperature power generation systems. With the addition of the equipment for complementation of other energy sources, the thermal power generation system can ensure the supplement and adjustment of energy when the solar energy changes, so as to realize stable and sustainable power generation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the generating of solar energy and other energy complemental power-generations, particularly carry out complementary power generation system and co-generation unit with distributed multi-stage solar energy and other energy, its waste heat can be used for the application such as heating, refrigeration, drying, hot water.
Background technique
Existing solar electrical energy generation mainly contains two kinds of photovoltaic and photo-thermal, and photovoltaic generation needs silicon or other special materials to generate electricity, and photothermal power generation has slot type, tower and butterfly.Thermoelectricity mainly is large-scale generating, and mainly be the single-stage power generation system, such power generation system, the generating main or the coal power generation principle that foundation is traditional realizes, shortage is to the adaptation of dynamic solar source, in addition, because the collecting temperature of main solar electrical energy generation is single, thereby do not need there is not multistage power generation system yet, thereby can not low-temperature water heating technology and industry that China is leading be applied to this field, simultaneously existing solar energy thermal-power-generating lacks on a small scale, family oriented, the heat generating system of cost degradation, existing solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is mainly used in solar water heater simultaneously, because collecting temperature is low, direct generation of electricity efficient is low, thereby has limited its application.
Distributed energy resource system refers to energy system is arranged in user side with small-scale, small capacity, modularization, distributed mode, comes hot and cold, the electric energy of transmitted in both directions.Owing to can improve energy utilization rate and Supply Security, realize energy-on-demand and for the user provides more more options, distributed energy resource system becomes the important development direction of global power industry and energy industry.The energy utilization rate of distributed energy resource system be higher than far away majority state rely on large-scale main power station with electric power from the power station central power supply system to terminal use's one-way transmission.1/3 heat energy that the power station finally can only produce the fuel energy burning changes into electric energy, and nearly 50% heat energy loss, the heat energy of transmission link loss nearly 10%.And current 20% capacity of installed generator only is used for satisfying the demand of peak times of power consumption.Therefore, these generator set only account for 5% of whole unit operation times working time, and generated energy only accounts for 1% of generating total amount.Owing to only rely on several main line transferring electric powers, the power supply line of the central power supply system problem of blocking up highlights day by day.The power supply surplus forces public public institution to rely on the higher and lower energy of efficient of contaminativity to generate electricity to satisfy the peak times of power consumption demand, rather than simply dump power is distributed to the high market of demand again from the low market of demand, thereby cause energy utilization rate more low.Yet the distributed combined heat and power generation unit all is the cogeneration of heat and power of adopting traditional energy to realize, and does not have the cogeneration units of heat accumulating type, like this obstacle the application of new energy and cogeneration units.
The distributed solar heat generating system is the generation mode for the large employing of solar energy acquisition area, and still how multistage distributed solar energy power generation system carries out, and need to study.Simultaneously because fluctuation characteristic and the uncertain feature of solar energy, thereby can not realize the generating of continous-stable, still, be incorporated into the power networks after the generating and need stable power supply, otherwise will stability and the reliability of electrical network be threatened, thereby need stable solar electrical energy generation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the complementary heat generating system of a kind of distributed multi-stage solar energy and other energy, adopt at least one group of low-temperature solar energy heat generating system and at least one group of solar energy high temperature power generation system, waste heat after the generating of one group of power generation system is by another group power generation system utilization, realize the generating of multistage UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, also be provided with simultaneously the energy system that at least one group of non-solar energy provides, for solar energy high temperature generating or solar low-temperature generating provide the additional energy.Utilize the collecting temperature feature of solar energy system, the generating that 60-300 degree centigrade thermal source is realized is divided into the solar low-temperature generating, adopting 300-1200 degree centigrade thermal source to generate electricity is the solar energy high temperature generating, the waste heat of the power generation system of twin-stage can be by in addition one-level utilization, thereby the solar energy system of different collecting temperatures can be carried out step collection cascade utilization, thereby realized multistage complementation utilization generating.Owing to increased the equipment of other energy complementations, having guaranteed can be when solar energy changes, its energy is replenished and adjusts, in order to realize stable electric generation and when solar energy resources is not enough, realize continuing generating, the equipment of other energy complementations, so that solar electrical energy generation becomes stable, continuous generating, thereby can realize not having being incorporated into the power networks of obstacle with the conveying of traditional electric power.Simultaneously owing to adopt distributed capture and distributed multi-stage complemental power-generation, thereby realized the distributed multi-stage solar energy thermal-power-generating, in the solar power system of every one-level, adopt refrigeration, supply application dry, hot water, namely realized UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, realize again the condensation to working medium, thereby increased the whole utilization efficiency of heat energy of system.
Concrete summary of the invention is as follows:
The complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar and other energy, comprise the solar low-temperature power generation system, the solar energy high temperature power generation system, non-solar energy system, it is characterized in that: form one group of solar power system by solar energy acquisition system and solar electrical energy generation unit, at least comprise two groups of solar power systems and at least one group of energy system that non-solar energy provides, for solar power system provides the additional energy, one group of solar power system can be connected and/or be connected in parallel with other one group of solar power system, waste heat after the generating of one group of power generation system is by another group power generation system utilization, realize the generating of multistage UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, two groups of solar power systems can be made of one group of solar low-temperature power generation system and one group of solar energy high temperature power generation system.The solar low-temperature power generation system adopts 60-300 degree centigrade thermal source to realize generating, the solar energy high temperature power generation system adopts 300-1200 degree centigrade thermal source to generate electricity, solar energy high temperature and low low-temperature electricity-generating are a kind of division, can adopt other the division packet mode, the invention is not restricted to this kind division.
One group of solar power system is called the one-level solar power system with wherein one group of solar power system after other one group of solar power system is connected, other one group is called the secondary power generation system, forms multistage power generation system after the system of secondary connects at least.
Also be provided with the thermal accumulator of different temperatures, before the low-temperature electricity-generating unit enters generator set, the high temperature generator set enter generator set before, high temperature generator set institute exhaust port, be provided with heat-accumulating material in thermal accumulator, heat-accumulating material is selected from following at least a or its combination:
A, water;
B, conduction oil;
C, solid-liquid phase change, solid-solid phase change material;
D, fuse salt.
The heat energy of the working medium that solar low-temperature power generation system employing solar energy high temperature power generation system generator set is discharged is that the energy is realized the low-temperature solar energy generating, perhaps the energy of the working medium after the generating of solar low-temperature power generation system is generated electricity for high temperature by system's utilization that high temperature solar generates electricity, adopting the heat energy of the working medium that following a kind of mode discharges the solar energy high temperature generator set is the energy, is used for the generating of low-temperature solar energy generator set:
A, the working medium that the high temperature generator set is discharged are delivered directly in the low-temperature electricity-generating unit and generate electricity;
B, the working medium of being discharged take the high temperature generator set as thermal source through one group of heat-exchanger rig, the working medium heating of low-temperature electricity-generating is generated electricity, the generator working medium outlet of high warm generating is provided with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger temperature end is that the working medium of high temperature generating is reduced to low temperature by high temperature, and the low-temperature zone of heat exchanger heats up the working medium of low-temperature electricity-generating or evaporates;
C, the working medium that the high temperature generator set is discharged are carried in the thermal accumulator, undertaken after the heat exchange heat energy being carried out accumulation of heat by one group of heat-exchanger rig and thermal accumulator, be provided with one group of heat exchanger between low-temperature electricity-generating unit and the thermal accumulator, when needs generate electricity, carry out heat exchange by heat exchanger and low-temperature electricity-generating unit and realize generating
The energy of the working medium after the generating of solar low-temperature power generation system adopts one of following manner as the energy of high temperature solar generating:
A, the waste heat behind the low-temperature electricity-generating is mixed the common energy that consists of the high temperature generating with high temperature heat source;
B, the waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating is heated to the temperature of the thermal source of high temperature solar generating again, carries out the high temperature generating;
C, the waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating is pressurized to the temperature and pressure of the thermal source of high temperature solar generating again, carries out the high temperature generating.
High temperature generator set and low-temperature electricity-generating unit can form two independently power generation cycle system generatings, between high temperature and low-temperature electricity-generating unit, be provided with heat-exchanger rig, the thermal source that the generator set of high temperature is discharged and the working medium of low-temperature electricity-generating unit carry out heat exchange, employing realizes the twin-stage generating with the mode of the thermal source of high temperature generator set heating low-temperature working medium, and non-solar energy provides the complementary energy for low-temperature electricity-generating unit or high temperature generator set entry end.
High temperature generator set and low-temperature electricity-generating unit can form two independently power generation cycle system generatings, and system can realize every grade of Independent Power Generation; Can realize again the multistage complementary step generating that utilizes.Can generate electricity according to the collection of system and the demand of generating like this, the twin-stage generating can be adopted same generating working medium, also can adopt different generating working mediums, can adopt same discovery circulation, also can adopt different power generation cycle.
The condensing temperature of solar energy high temperature power generation system is 60-300 degree centigrade, steam turbine or the generating of back pressure turbine group are adopted in the solar energy high temperature generating, solar low-temperature adopts the decompressor unit generation, it is that working medium generates electricity that the solar energy high temperature generator set adopts steam, the sun low temperature adopt the Lang Ken circulating generation of organic working medium.
The sun low temperature acquisition system adopt following a kind of or its combination:
A, vacuum tube;
B, flat board;
The solar energy high temperature acquisition system adopts following a kind of or its combination:
A, slot type;
B, tower;
D, dish formula;
E, Fresnel mirror.
Other energy of non-solar energy are selected from following at least a:
A, by the energy of traditional coal, oil, air lift confession, comprise coal, oil, natural gas, coal gas;
The energy that B, living beings provide comprises that various burning plants or biogas or biomass cracking produce the energy that gasification produces;
The energy that the biogas that the ight soil that C, the mankind or animal are discharged produces provides;
D, underground heat: the energy that geothermal power provides;
E, waste heat: the waste heat that industry or enterprise, family provide.
The living beings, the bacterium rod that are partly provided by factory farming directly burn, the formed biogas of ight soil that the living beings that perhaps partly provided by factory farming, bacterium rod, cultivated animals are discharged, the biomass energy that is perhaps formed through burning or cracking or biogas by the remaining shell slag of manioca, palm oil oil expression.The complementary power station of this part is that manioca, the palm wet goods of solar energy and implant mass carries out complementary generating, and the leaf of its palm oil press for extracting juice or the tree of going mad or the residue after the fruit oil expression are used, and have realized the generating of solar energy and living beings complementation.
The generating working medium can adopt traditional water or the organic working medium of low temperature, and all refrigeration agent class materials and combination thereof can become the generating working medium, and its preferred described generating working medium comprises at least one in the following type at least:
A, freon;
B, ammonia;
C, water;
D, hydrocarbon;
E, alcohol;
F, greenhouse gases.
Also be provided with Poly-generation equipment, Poly-generation equipment is arranged on generator set working medium exhaust port, Poly-generation equipment can be used as the condenser of power generation system and connects with generator set, perhaps carry out in parallel with the power generation system condenser, the waste heat of the working medium after the generating is used, realizes connecting by series, parallel, mixing connection between a plurality of Poly-generation equipment arrange; Poly-generation equipment is selected from following at least a:
A, heating equipment: a circulation closed system that is formed by heat exchanger or the thermal accumulator that is connected with heat exchanger, the radiator of heating, floor heating pipeline, recycle pump, the high temperature fluid of this heat exchanger is the power generation cycle working medium, realization is carried out condensation to the generating working medium, the low temperature heating fluid of heat exchanger by heat exchanger with thermal power transfer to the low temperature heating fluid, the low temperature heating fluid through recycle pump with thermal energy transfer on the radiator, floor heating pipeline of heating, realize the heating to building;
B, domestic hot-water's equipment: by heat exchanger or the thermal accumulator that is connected with heat exchanger, water switch, shower nozzle form, pump forms, the high temperature fluid of this heat exchanger is the power generation cycle working medium, realization is carried out condensation and utilization to the generating working medium, and cryogen heats the domestic hot-water;
C, chiller plant: a circulation closed system that is formed by heat exchanger or the thermal accumulator that is connected with heat exchanger, cooling machine set, recycle pump, the high temperature fluid of this heat exchanger is the power generation cycle fluid, realization is carried out condensation or utilization to the generating working medium, the cryogenic refrigeration fluid of heat exchanger obtains heat energy by heat exchanger, freezes by cooling machine set;
D, Water boiling equipment: be comprised of the boiling water thermal accumulator, the water switch that carry out heat exchange with heat exchanger, heat exchanger is heated as boiling water with the hot water of boiling water thermal accumulator,
E, drying equipment: by the drying equipment that carries out heat exchange with heat exchanger, heat exchanger provides heat energy for drying equipment, and the temperature of the generating working medium high temperature fluid of heat exchanger is higher than 40 degree;
F, cooking equipment: by the cooking equipment that carries out heat exchange with heat exchanger, heat exchanger provides heat energy for cooking equipment, and the temperature of the generating working medium high temperature fluid of heat exchanger is higher than 80 degree.
A plurality of solar low-temperature acquisition systems carry out distributed capture and a plurality of solar energy high temperature acquisition system is carried out distributed capture, the a plurality of solar low-temperature heat source systems of rear formation that gather, a plurality of low-temperature heat sources and a plurality of low-temperature electricity-generating unit are realized distributed power generation, and the energy of a plurality of high temperature acquisition system collection enters into high-temperature power generation system and carries out distributed power generation; Waste heat after the generating of low-temperature electricity-generating and high temperature generating utilizes mutually, enters into low temperature after the thermal source after the generating is used through refrigeration, dry, heating Poly-generation or the high temperature acquisition system is carried out circulating generation again.
Can obtain following beneficial effect by implementing the present invention:
1, the present invention takes full advantage of the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN after low-temperature solar energy generating and the high temperature solar generating, thereby improved the energy utilization rate of total system, realized the generating of step collection and step, simultaneously the present invention is provided with other energy complementary systems, realized stable, the continuous generating of solar energy, guaranteed and to be incorporated into the power networks.
2, the present invention is distributed, low-cost heat generating system, can be used for the generating of family and power station electrical network.
3, the cost of this thermoelectric Poly-generation is low, efficient is high, for the solar energy utilization provides brand-new technology and product.
4, the present invention also can be used for large-scale generating, realizes with a plurality of distributed solar energy acquisitions;
5, the present invention particularly is suitable for the waste that factory farming produces, and with its utilization that circulates, has namely realized the solar energy stable electric generation, again waste is utilized fully, thereby has reached the effect of recycling economy.
Description of drawings
The concrete meaning of attached number in the figure is as follows:
1: the solar low-temperature acquisition system, 2: the sun cryogenerator, 3: the solar energy high temperature acquisition system, 4: the solar energy high temperature generator, 5: the solar low-temperature generating waste-heat provides high-temperature power generation system, and 6: the solar energy high temperature generating waste-heat offers low-temperature generating system, and 7: vaporizer, 8: condenser, 9: recycle pump, 10: regenerative heat exchanger, 11: supercharging equipment, 12: cooking equipment, 13: drying equipment, 14: cooling machine set, 15: the Living Water bath apparatus, 16: heating equipment, 17: other complementary energy.
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation of multi-level solar heat generating system.
Fig. 2 mixes the schematic representation that utilizes formula multi-level solar heat generating system.
Fig. 3 is the schematic representation of two-stage independent loops and complementary cycle power generation system.
Fig. 4 is the schematic representation of two-stage independent loops and complementary cycle generating and polygenerations systeme.
Fig. 5 is the schematic representation of distributed two-stage independent loops and complementary cycle generating and polygenerations systeme.
Embodiment
Be provided with the sun among Fig. 1 low temperature acquisition system 1 and solar low-temperature power generation system 2, solar energy high temperature acquisition system 3 and solar energy high temperature acquisition system 4, the waste heat of solar low-temperature power generation system offers high-temperature power generation system by the regenerative heat exchanger 10 of solar low-temperature generating waste-heat by arranging with waste heat, arrange simultaneously by other energy 17 energy as a supplement, the waste heat of solar energy high temperature power generation system offers the low-temperature solar energy power generation system by Research of High Temperature Regenerative Heat Exchange device 10.System has realized utilizing that the external complement energy 17 is stablized, continuous generating like this.
Fig. 2 forms low-temperature generating system by low-temperature solar energy acquisition system 1 and low-temperature solar energy generating 2, the waste heat part of low-temperature generating system directly offers the high temperature solar acquisition system and heats, a part offers the Research of High Temperature Regenerative Heat Exchange device in addition, high temperature solar acquisition system 3 is carried out complementation with the direct heat energy that gathers of high temperature and the waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating, offer high temperature solar power generation system 4, generate electricity, waste heat after the generating enters into condenser and carries out partial condensation, hot operation medium after the partial condensation directly carries out the high temperature generating, a part of waste heat of high temperature generating directly enters into regenerative heat exchanger 10, directly offers and carries out generating electricity for low-temperature solar energy after the low-temperature solar energy acquisition system gathers.Native system adopts part of waste heat is directly offered other one-level, and the mode that part of waste heat is used after exchanging by condenser, regenerative heat exchanger is with waste heat respectively utilization as required.
In the present embodiment, an additional energy 17 is set in the high temperature solar acquisition system, realization is with the temperature and pressure of the requirement of the solar electrical energy generation that reaches a high temperature of the energy complementation of waste heat through replenishing the energy 17 and high temperature solar acquisition system of low-temperature solar energy.In the regenerative heat exchanger that after the high temperature solar generating, arranges simultaneously, add extra power 17 and carry out complementation, improved Systems balanth, realized stable and continuous generating.
The solar low-temperature thermal source that solar low-temperature acquisition system 1 gathers in the present embodiment offers cryogenic vaporizer 7, realize generating by cryogenerator 2, waste heat after the generating proceeds to condenser 8 condensations, working medium recycle pump 9 through condenser enters into vaporizer, thereby consist of the low-temperature solar energy heat generating system, this circulation adopts the organic working medium Lang Ken of ORC to loop generating, its generating working medium is the mixed medium of refrigeration agent freon, and generator adopts the screw expansion unit to generate electricity.
The solar energy high temperature power generation system that solar energy high temperature acquisition system 3 and solar energy high temperature power generation system 4 consist of consists of a cycle generating system by vaporizer 7 condensers 8 recycle pumps 9, it is the working medium generating that this system adopts water, adopt and pressed steam turbine set to generate electricity, the condensed working medium of the waste heat of low-temperature generating system and high-temperature power generation system carries out heat exchange, the solar energy acquisition system that the condensed water of high temperature is carried out entering into after the elementary heating again high temperature heats up, and the low-temperature working medium after the heat exchange carries out the low-temperature circulating generating behind condenser; The waste heat of high temperature generating and the waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating carry out heat exchange by regenerative heat exchanger 10, and the gas that the working medium of low temperature is directly heated finisher mixes or directly enters into generator set and generates electricity.The twin-stage power generation system adopts different working medium and different generator set, realizes independent or complementary the generating electricity of twin-stage.
The complementary energy 17 is set in the solar energy high temperature acquisition system simultaneously, heat up for the waste heat of low-temperature solar energy generating simultaneously with the high temperature solar collection, make the parameter of its high temperature generating that reaches setting, the normal stable electric generation of assurance system, waste heat after the simultaneously high temperature solar generating carries out the Research of High Temperature Regenerative Heat Exchange device, be provided with the additional energy 17 at the Research of High Temperature Regenerative Heat Exchange device, realize more than high temperature, heating, make system realize generating stable, that continue.
Present embodiment adopts two power generation systems that independence can be moved, but adopt identical working medium water to generate electricity, the condensation portion of low-temperature generating system and high-temperature power generation system all is to adopt the mode of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN to realize, the waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating part is directly used in heating 15 and hot water 16, high-temperature residual heat partly is used for the application such as refrigeration 12, drying 13, the afterheat steam of low temperature enters into high temperature evaporation indoor 7 after being added the energy 17 and regenerative heat exchanger heating, be used, the waste heat of high temperature enters into cryogenic vaporizer 7 via regenerative heat exchanger 10 and is used.Be provided with at regenerative heat exchanger 10 simultaneously and replenish the energy 17 devices, temperature is carried out and adjust.After the high temperature generating, be provided with cooking equipment 12, more than 14 year combined production device of drying equipment 13, cooling machine set arranges after low-temperature electricity-generating by heating 15, hot water 16 equipment, thereby waste heat can be utilized, thereby present embodiment is the power generation system of multistage Poly-generation.
Embodiment 5, distributed two-stage independent loops and complementary cycle generating and polygenerations systeme
Present embodiment is that three solar low-temperature acquisition systems and three low-temperature electricity-generating units carry out distributed capture and distributed power generation, after its waste heat is entered into two high temperature solar acquisition systems through three low-temperature heat accumulating heat exchangers 10 and is heated, entering into the high temperature solar generator set after regenerative heat exchanger 10 heating through two high temperature again generates electricity, in the high temperature solar acquisition system, enter two additional energy, with after the complementation of high temperature solar acquisition system heat energy is entered into high-temperature power generation system, high-temperature residual heat after the generating is dry by the Poly-generation that arranges, refrigeration plant enters into regenerative heat exchanger 10, an additional energy 17 is set simultaneously, the energy after high temperature generating and the polygenerations systeme utilization is carried out supplementary heating.
According to theory and structure of the present invention, can design other case study on implementation, as long as theory and structure according to the invention all belongs to enforcement of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar and other energy, comprise the solar energy acquisition system, generator set, the energy system that non-solar energy provides, it is characterized in that: form one group of solar power system by solar energy acquisition system and solar electrical energy generation unit, at least comprise two groups of solar power systems and at least one group of energy system that non-solar energy provides, for solar power system provides the additional energy, one group of solar power system can be connected and/or be connected in parallel with other one group of solar power system, waste heat after the generating of one group of power generation system is by another group power generation system utilization, realize the generating of multistage UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, two groups of solar power systems can be made of one group of solar low-temperature power generation system and one group of solar energy high temperature power generation system.
2. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy, it is characterized in that: the thermal accumulator that also is provided with different temperatures, thermal accumulator arranges in the solar power system, before the low-temperature electricity-generating unit enters generator set, the high temperature generator set enter generator set before, high temperature generator set institute exhaust port, be provided with heat-accumulating material in thermal accumulator, heat-accumulating material is selected from following at least a or its combination:
A, water;
B, conduction oil;
C, solid-liquid phase change, solid-solid phase change material;
D, fuse salt.
3. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and 2 and other energy, it is characterized in that: the heat energy of the working medium that solar low-temperature power generation system employing solar energy high temperature power generation system generator set is discharged is that the energy is realized the low-temperature solar energy generating, perhaps the energy of the working medium after the generating of solar low-temperature power generation system is generated electricity for high temperature by system's utilization that high temperature solar generates electricity, adopting the heat energy of the working medium that following a kind of mode discharges the solar energy high temperature generator set is the energy, is used for the generating of low-temperature solar energy generator set:
A, the working medium that the high temperature generator set is discharged are delivered directly in the low-temperature electricity-generating unit and generate electricity;
B, the working medium of being discharged take the high temperature generator set as thermal source through one group of heat-exchanger rig, the working medium heating of low-temperature electricity-generating is generated electricity, the generator working medium outlet of high warm generating is provided with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger temperature end is that the working medium of high temperature generating is reduced to low temperature by high temperature, and the low-temperature end of heat exchanger heats up the working medium of low-temperature electricity-generating or evaporates;
C, the working medium that the high temperature generator set is discharged are carried in the thermal accumulator, undertaken after the heat exchange heat energy being carried out accumulation of heat by one group of heat-exchanger rig and thermal accumulator, be provided with one group of heat exchanger between low-temperature electricity-generating unit and the thermal accumulator, when needs generate electricity, carry out heat exchange by heat exchanger and low-temperature electricity-generating unit and realize generating;
The energy of the working medium after the generating of solar low-temperature power generation system adopts one of following manner as the energy of high temperature solar generating:
Waste heat behind the low-temperature electricity-generating is mixed the common energy that consists of the high temperature generating with high temperature heat source;
The waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating is heated to the temperature of the thermal source of high temperature solar generating again, carries out the high temperature generating;
The waste heat of low-temperature electricity-generating is pressurized to the temperature and pressure of the thermal source of high temperature solar generating again, carries out the high temperature generating.
4. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy, it is characterized in that: high temperature generator set and low-temperature electricity-generating unit can form two independently power generation cycle system generatings, between high temperature and low-temperature electricity-generating unit, be provided with heat-exchanger rig, the thermal source that the generator set of high temperature is discharged and the working medium of low-temperature electricity-generating unit carry out heat exchange, employing realizes the twin-stage generating with the mode of the thermal source of high temperature generator set heating low-temperature working medium, and non-solar energy provides the complementary energy for low-temperature electricity-generating unit or high temperature generator set entry end.
5. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy, it is characterized in that: the condensing temperature of solar energy high temperature power generation system is 60-300 degree centigrade, steam turbine or the generating of back pressure turbine group are adopted in the solar energy high temperature generating, solar low-temperature adopts the decompressor unit generation, it is that working medium generates electricity that the solar energy high temperature generator set adopts steam, and solar low-temperature adopts the Lang Ken circulating generation of organic working medium.
6. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy is characterized in that: the sun low temperature acquisition system adopt following a kind of or its combination:
A, vacuum tube;
B, flat board;
The solar energy high temperature acquisition system adopts following a kind of or its combination:
A, slot type;
B, tower;
D, dish formula;
E, Fresnel mirror.
7. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy, it is characterized in that: other energy of non-solar energy are selected from following at least a:
The energy by traditional coal, oil, air lift confession comprises coal, oil, natural gas, coal gas;
The energy that living beings provide comprises that various burning plants or biogas or biomass cracking produce the energy that gasification produces;
The energy that the biogas that the ight soil that the mankind or animal are discharged produces provides;
Underground heat: the energy that geothermal power provides;
Waste heat: the waste heat that industry or enterprise, family provide.
8. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 7 and other energy, it is characterized in that: the living beings, the bacterium rod that are partly provided by factory farming directly burn, the formed biogas of ight soil that the living beings that perhaps partly provided by factory farming, bacterium rod, cultivated animals are discharged, the biomass energy that is perhaps formed through burning or cracking or biogas by the remaining shell slag of manioca, palm oil oil expression.
9. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy, it is characterized in that: described generating working medium comprises at least one in the following type at least:
A, freon;
B, ammonia;
C, water;
D, hydrocarbon;
E, alcohol;
F, greenhouse gases.
10. the complementary heat generating system of multi-level solar according to claim 1 and other energy is characterized in that:
Also be provided with Poly-generation equipment, Poly-generation equipment is arranged on generator set working medium exhaust port, Poly-generation equipment can be used as the condenser of power generation system and connects with generator set, perhaps carry out in parallel with the power generation system condenser, the waste heat of the working medium after the generating is used, realizes connecting by series, parallel, mixing connection between a plurality of Poly-generation equipment arrange; Poly-generation equipment is selected from following at least a:
A, heating equipment: a circulation closed system that is formed by heat exchanger or the thermal accumulator that is connected with heat exchanger, the radiator of heating, floor heating pipeline, recycle pump, the high temperature fluid of this heat exchanger is the power generation cycle working medium, realization is carried out condensation to the generating working medium, the low temperature heating fluid of heat exchanger by heat exchanger with thermal power transfer to the low temperature heating fluid, the low temperature heating fluid through recycle pump with thermal energy transfer on the radiator, floor heating pipeline of heating, realize the heating to building;
B, domestic hot-water's equipment: by heat exchanger or the thermal accumulator that is connected with heat exchanger, water switch, shower nozzle form, pump forms, the high temperature fluid of this heat exchanger is the power generation cycle working medium, realization is carried out condensation and utilization to the generating working medium, and cryogen heats the domestic hot-water;
C, chiller plant: a circulation closed system that is formed by heat exchanger or the thermal accumulator that is connected with heat exchanger, cooling machine set, recycle pump, the high temperature fluid of this heat exchanger is the power generation cycle fluid, realization is carried out condensation or utilization to the generating working medium, the cryogenic refrigeration fluid of heat exchanger obtains heat energy by heat exchanger, freezes by cooling machine set;
D, Water boiling equipment: be comprised of the boiling water thermal accumulator, the water switch that carry out heat exchange with heat exchanger, heat exchanger is heated as boiling water with the hot water of boiling water thermal accumulator,
E, drying equipment: by the drying equipment that carries out heat exchange with heat exchanger, heat exchanger provides heat energy for drying equipment, and the temperature of the generating working medium high temperature fluid of heat exchanger is higher than 40 degree;
F, cooking equipment: by the cooking equipment that carries out heat exchange with heat exchanger, heat exchanger provides heat energy for cooking equipment, and the temperature of the generating working medium high temperature fluid of heat exchanger is higher than 80 degree.
11. distributed multi-stage solar energy thermal-power-generating according to claim 1 and polygenerations systeme, it is characterized in that: a plurality of solar low-temperature acquisition systems carry out distributed capture and a plurality of solar energy high temperature acquisition system is carried out distributed capture, the a plurality of solar low-temperature heat source systems of rear formation that gather, a plurality of low-temperature heat sources and a plurality of low-temperature electricity-generating unit are realized distributed power generation, and the energy of a plurality of high temperature acquisition system collection enters into high-temperature power generation system and carries out distributed power generation; Waste heat after the generating of low-temperature electricity-generating and high temperature generating utilizes mutually, enters into low temperature after the thermal source after the generating is used through refrigeration, dry, heating Poly-generation or the high temperature acquisition system is carried out circulating generation again.
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