CN102611885B - Encoding and decoding method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an encoding method, comprising: dividing the current encoding object to obtain sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction; obtaining the index value of the sub-image block; according to the index value, the sub-image According to the size specification of the block and the preset prediction mode, the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block are obtained, and the reference pixel value of the reference pixel point is obtained; according to the reference pixel value and the preset prediction The mode predicts the sub-image block to obtain residual data; performs transformation, quantization and entropy coding on the residual data to obtain coded residual data; The subsequent residual data and the prediction mode information of the sub-image block are written into the code stream. With the encoding and decoding method provided by the present invention, when predicting, it is only necessary to obtain reference pixel values based on the determined reference pixel points, which avoids disorder or errors.

Description

A codec method and device

technical field

The invention relates to video codec technology.

Background technique

The basic principle of video coding and compression is to use the correlation between space domain, time domain and code words to remove redundancy as much as possible. The current popular approach is to use a block-based hybrid video coding framework to achieve video coding and compression through steps such as prediction, transformation, quantization, and entropy coding. This coding framework has shown a strong vitality, from the earliest MPEG-1 to the latest video coding standard H.264/AVC, and even the next generation of video coding that is being developed by the JCTVC working group (a joint working group established by MPEG and VECG). The video coding compression standard HEVC still uses this block-based hybrid video coding framework.

Block-based spatial domain predictive coding technology is generally used in video coding and decoding. The basic principle is to divide the image block to be encoded into multiple sub-blocks, and then use the correlation between the image block to be encoded and adjacent blocks to remove spatial redundancy. That is, the sub-image blocks are predicted by using adjacent blocks as reference blocks.

In image block division, there is a division method in the industry, which is to divide the current coded image block into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction and vertical direction through parallel dividing lines, and then perform prediction in units of these sub-image blocks. In the process of prediction, we can refer to the newly introduced UDI prediction technology in the industry, and select an average of 34 directions from the range of 45 degrees to 225 degrees as the prediction directions of the 34 prediction modes, and each sub-image block must traverse these directions. 34 prediction modes for prediction, and finally select the prediction direction with the smallest rate distortion cost for the sub-image block as the prediction direction of all pixels in the current sub-image block, and obtain the residual data of the corresponding generated sub-image block . In the prediction process, it is necessary to obtain the reference pixel value of the reference pixel according to the prediction mode, and obtain the predicted pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value, and then determine the rate-distortion cost under the current prediction mode. However, the inventor discovered a problem during the implementation, that is, when using this method for prediction, since the sub-image blocks are arranged in sequence, due to the difference in position, the reference pixel points corresponding to each sub-image block are different Not the same, but according to the prior art, the pixel values of the reference pixel points that can be used for the prediction of all sub-image blocks of the current coded image block are read into the reference pixel buffer, but some sub-image blocks In addition, only part of the reference pixels in the reference pixel buffer are needed for the prediction, and it is easy to generate out-of-order or errors in the process of extracting these reference pixels.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides an encoding method, including: dividing the current encoding object to obtain sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction; obtaining the index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the The sorting information of the sub-image blocks; according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image blocks, and the preset prediction mode, obtain the reference pixels needed for the prediction of the sub-image blocks, and obtain the reference A reference pixel value of a pixel point; predict the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data; perform transformation, quantization and entropy coding on the residual data to obtain coded the post-coded residual data; write the division method information of the current coding object, the coded residual data, and the prediction mode information of the sub-image block into a code stream.

The present invention also provides a corresponding decoding method, including: analyzing and obtaining the residual data, the division method of the current decoding object, and the prediction mode information of the current decoding object from the code stream; Divide into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction or vertical direction; obtain the index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block; according to the index value, the According to the size specification of the sub-image block and the prediction mode, obtain the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain the reference pixel value of the reference pixel point; according to the reference pixel value and the The residual data is used to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block.

The present invention also provides a codec device applying the codec method.

With the encoding and decoding method provided by the present invention, when predicting, it is only necessary to obtain reference pixel values based on the determined reference pixel points, which avoids disorder or errors.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an encoding method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a decoding method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an encoding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a decoding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an encoding method, which includes:

Step 101: Divide the current encoding object to obtain sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the current encoding object is divided into multiple sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction by multiple vertical dividing lines, or the current encoding object is divided into multiple sub-image blocks arranged in sequence in the vertical direction by multiple horizontal dividing lines. subimage block. In the embodiment of the present invention, the sizes and specifications of the sequentially arranged sub-image blocks are the same.

Step 102: Obtain an index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block;

For example, the current coding object is divided into four sub-image blocks 0, 1, 2, and 3 arranged in sequence, among which "0, 1, 2, and 3" are the index values of the sub-image blocks, and according to these index values, it can be obtained The sorting sequence of the sub-image blocks, of course, the location information of the sub-image blocks can also be obtained according to the sorting sequence. For example, when the current coding object is divided into four sub-image blocks 0, 1, 2, and 3 arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, the index The sub-image block with a value of 0 is on the left boundary of the current coding object, and the sub-image block with an index value of 1 is adjacent to the sub-image block with an index value of 0, and the sub-image block with an index value of 3 is in the current coding object. On the right boundary of the object, the sub-image block with the index value 2 is located between the sub-image blocks with the index values 1 and 3. From another perspective, the index value can also be used to represent the position information of the sub-image block.

Step 103: According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, obtain the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain the reference pixels of the reference pixel points value;

According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, obtaining the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block includes: according to the preset prediction mode and the sub-image block According to the size specification of the image block, the number information of the required reference pixel points is obtained; according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, the starting position information of the reference pixel point is determined; according to the starting position information of the reference pixel point The reference pixel points are obtained from the upper adjacent block, the upper right adjacent block, the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the coding object. Since the angle of the prediction direction of the leftmost prediction mode in UDI prediction is 225 degrees, and the angle of the prediction direction of the rightmost prediction mode is 45 degrees, then according to the length and width of the sub-image block, it can be obtained in the The reference pixel points in the adjacent blocks of the current coding object within the range covered by the prediction directions of the 34 prediction modes of UDI prediction.

Since half of the adjacent blocks available for reference of the current coding object are the upper adjacent block, the upper right adjacent block, the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block. In the embodiment of the present invention, the reference pixel points of all the sub-image blocks include the upper reference pixel points (set) from the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block, and the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block. Reference pixel point (collection).

Wherein, when the current encoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, according to the provisions of the UDI prediction technology, the pixel points on the right border of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current encoding object All need to be used as reference pixels, and the pixels in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding target within the prediction angle coverage range of the prediction mode can be used as reference pixels of the sub-image block. Therefore, according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, confirming the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block includes: according to the preset prediction mode and the preset prediction mode According to the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper-right adjacent block of the current coding object; according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the According to the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current coding object; Based on the initial position information, the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding object; according to the preset prediction mode, in the left adjacent block of the current encoding object The left reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained from the block and the lower left adjacent block, and the sub-image block is predicted according to the reference pixel value and the preset prediction mode, and the residual data obtained includes: according to The preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point are used to predict the sub-image block to obtain residual data.

In contrast, when the current coding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, according to the UDI prediction regulations, the pixels on the lower boundary of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding object All need to be used as reference pixels, and the pixels in the left adjacent block and lower left adjacent block of the current coding object within the prediction angle coverage range of the prediction mode can be used as reference pixels of the sub-image block. Therefore, according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, confirming the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block includes: according to the preset prediction mode and the preset prediction mode According to the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current coding object; according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the According to the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current coding object; According to the preset prediction mode, obtain the left reference pixel of the sub-image block in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current encoding object; according to the preset prediction mode, in the upper phase of the current encoding object The upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained from the adjacent block and the upper-right adjacent block, and the sub-image block is predicted according to the reference pixel value and the preset prediction mode, and the residual data obtained includes: according to The preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point are used to predict the sub-image block to obtain residual data.

In the embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the reference pixel value of the reference pixel point required for prediction of the sub-image block, the pixel value of the reference pixel point can be stored in the reference pixel buffer, during the prediction process Extract them sequentially. In other optional embodiments, it is also possible to write all the pixels adjacent to the current encoding object in the upper adjacent block, upper right adjacent block, left adjacent block, or lower left adjacent block of the current encoding object. into the cache, and then read sequentially according to the determined ordering relationship of the reference pixels among all the pixels.

Step 104: Predict the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data;

Step 105: Transform, quantize, and entropy encode the residual data to obtain encoded residual data;

Step 106: Write the division mode information of the current encoding object, the encoded residual data, and the prediction mode information of the sub-image block into a code stream.

The division method information is used to indicate the division direction of the current coding object, specifically, whether the current coding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, or divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence in the vertical direction. Image blocks. As for the number of sub-image blocks, a default value, such as four, can be set at the codec end, or the division method information can simultaneously indicate the division direction of the current coding object and the number of sub-image blocks.

The prediction mode information written in the code stream in step 106 mainly refers to the reference pixel value and the predicted pixel value obtained in the prediction mode with the least rate distortion cost that need to be selected in the process of predicting the sub-image block. To obtain the residual data of the sub-image block, and in the process of writing the code stream, it is necessary to write the prediction mode information into the code stream, so that the decoding end can use the same prediction mode as the encoding end for decoding.

It can be seen that, with the encoding method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the reference pixel points needed for prediction are specified according to the preset prediction mode, the position and size specification of the sub-image block during prediction. When predicting, it is only necessary to obtain the reference pixel value according to the determined reference pixel points, avoiding disorder or error.

Referring to Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a decoding method corresponding to the above encoding method, which includes:

Step 201: Obtain the residual data, the division method of the current decoding object, and the prediction mode information of the current decoding object from the code stream;

Step 202: Divide the current decoding object into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction according to the division method information;

Step 203: Obtain the index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block;

Step 204: According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain reference pixel values of the reference pixel points ;

Step 205: Obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and the residual data.

Wherein, in the embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode information includes: according to According to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, the number information of the required reference pixel points is obtained; according to the position information of the sub-image block, the starting position information of the reference pixel point is determined; according to the reference pixel The starting position information and the number information of the points, and the reference pixel points are obtained from the upper adjacent block, upper right adjacent block, left adjacent block and left lower adjacent block of the decoding object.

More specifically, when the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, the sub-image is confirmed according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode. The reference pixel points needed for block prediction include: according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object ; According to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the starting position information of the reference pixel point of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object; according to the upper adjacent block of the current decoding object The number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block, and the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object ; According to a preset prediction mode, obtain the left reference pixel of the sub-image block from the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object. According to the reference pixel value and the residual data, obtaining the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block includes: according to the reference pixel value of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data , to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block.

When the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, confirming that the sub-image block is The reference pixel points needed for prediction include: according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtaining the number information of the reference points in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding target; according to the The index value and the size specification of the sub-image block determine the starting position information of the reference pixel point of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object; according to the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object The number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the lower left adjacent block, and the left reference pixel points of the sub-image block are obtained in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding target; according to the In the above prediction mode, the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained from the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object. According to the reference pixel value and the residual data, obtaining the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block includes: according to the reference pixel value of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data , to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block.

Referring to Fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an encoding device applying the above encoding method, which includes:

A division module 301, configured to divide the current coding object to obtain sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction;

An index value obtaining module 302, configured to obtain an index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block;

A reference pixel value obtaining module 303, configured to obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and a preset prediction mode, and obtain the The reference pixel value of the reference pixel point;

A residual data obtaining module 304, configured to predict the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data, and perform transformation, quantization and entropy coding on the residual data, to obtain encoded residual data;

The code stream writing module 305 is configured to write the division mode information of the current coding object, the coded residual data, and the prediction mode information of the sub-image blocks into a code stream.

Furthermore, the reference pixel value obtaining module 303 also includes:

The number obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the number information of the required reference pixels according to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block;

A position obtaining submodule, configured to determine the initial position information of the reference pixel according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; and

The reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the upper adjacent block, the upper right adjacent block, the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the coding object according to the starting position information and the number information of the reference pixel point. The reference pixels in the block are obtained.

Specifically, when the current encoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, the number obtaining submodule obtains the current Information about the number of reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the coding object; the position obtaining submodule determines the upper The starting position information of the reference pixel points of the adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block; Information and starting position information, obtain the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding object, and according to the preset prediction mode, in the current encoding object The left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block. Correspondingly, at this time, the residual data obtaining module 304 predicts the sub-image block according to the preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point , to get the residual data.

When the current coding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, the number obtaining submodule obtains the left and right sides of the current coding object according to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image blocks. The number information of the reference points in the adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block; the position acquisition submodule determines the left adjacent block and the lower left phase of the current coding object according to the index value and the size specification of the sub image block The starting position information of the reference pixel point of the adjacent block; the reference pixel point acquisition sub-module is based on the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel point of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current coding object, in The left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current encoding object, and according to the preset prediction mode, the upper adjacent block and the upper right of the current encoding object An upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained from an adjacent block. At this time, the corresponding residual data obtaining module 304 predicts the sub-image block according to the preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point to obtain residual data.

Referring to Figure 4, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a decoding device applying the above decoding method, which includes:

A parameter obtaining module 401, configured to analyze and obtain residual data, the division method of the current decoding object, and the prediction mode information of the current decoding object from the code stream;

A division module 402, configured to divide the current decoding object into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction according to the division method information;

An index value obtaining module 403, configured to obtain an index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block;

A reference pixel point obtaining module 404, configured to obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, and obtain the reference pixel point The reference pixel value of the pixel point;

A reconstruction module 405, configured to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and the residual data.

Furthermore, the reference pixel value obtaining module 404 also includes:

The number obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the number information of the required reference pixels according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block;

A position obtaining submodule, configured to determine the initial position information of the reference pixel according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; and

The reference pixel obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the upper adjacent block, the upper right adjacent block, the left adjacent block, and the lower left image of the current decoding object according to the starting position information and number information of the reference pixel point. Obtain reference pixel points in adjacent blocks.

Specifically, when the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, the number obtaining submodule obtains the number of sub-image blocks of the current decoding object according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image blocks. Information on the number of reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block; the position obtaining submodule determines the upper adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block and the starting position information of the reference pixel point of the upper right adjacent block; start position information, obtain the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object, and according to the prediction mode, obtain the upper left adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object The left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the lower left adjacent block. Correspondingly, at this time, the reconstruction module 405 obtains the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data.

When the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, the number obtaining submodule obtains the left adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block and the number information of the reference points in the lower left adjacent block; the position obtaining submodule determines the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the index value and the size specification of the sub image block The starting position information of the reference pixel point; the reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is based on the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object, in the current The left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the decoding object, and according to the prediction mode, the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object are obtained. The upper reference pixel of the sub-image block. Correspondingly, at this time, the reconstruction module 405 obtains the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation Way. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of the present invention or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products can be stored in storage media, such as ROM/RAM, disk , CD, etc., including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A coding method, characterized in that, comprising: Divide the current coding object to obtain sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction; Obtain an index value of the sub-image block, where the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block; According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and a preset prediction mode, obtain a reference pixel point required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain a reference pixel value of the reference pixel point; According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain reference pixel values of the reference pixel points include: According to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the required reference pixels; Determine the initial position information of the reference pixel according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; Obtain reference pixel points from the upper adjacent block, upper right adjacent block, left adjacent block, and left lower adjacent block of the encoding object according to the starting position information and number information of the reference pixel point; Predict the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data; performing transformation, quantization and entropy coding on the residual data to obtain coded residual data; Write the division mode information of the current coding object, the coded residual data, and the prediction mode information of the sub-image block into a code stream. 2. The encoding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the current encoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain reference pixel values of the reference pixel points include: According to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current coding object; According to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current coding object; According to the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding object, obtain the above adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding object. The upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block, wherein the upper reference pixel point is the reference pixel point of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block; According to the preset prediction mode, the left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current coding object, wherein the left reference pixel is the sub-image Reference pixel points of the image block in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block, Predicting the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data includes: According to the preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, the sub-image block is predicted to obtain residual data. 3. The encoding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the current encoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the preset prediction mode, obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain reference pixel values of the reference pixel points include: According to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current coding object; According to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current coding object; According to the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current encoding object, obtain the The left reference pixel of the sub-image block; According to the preset prediction mode, obtain the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current coding object; Predicting the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data includes: According to the preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, the sub-image block is predicted to obtain residual data. 4. The encoding method according to claim 2, wherein the reference pixels required for prediction of the sub-image block confirmed according to the prediction mode include the upper adjacent block, upper right Pixels in one or more adjacent blocks among the adjacent block, the left adjacent block, and the lower left adjacent block. 5. The encoding method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and a preset prediction mode, when the sub-image block is predicted, The required reference pixel, and obtaining the reference pixel value of the reference pixel includes: Obtain the index value of the sub-image block according to the sorting of the sub-image block; Obtain the position information of the sub-image block according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; According to the position information, the size specification of the sub-image block, and a preset prediction mode, obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain reference pixel values of the reference pixel points. 6. A decoding method, characterized in that, comprising: Obtain the residual data, the division method of the current decoding object, and the prediction mode information of the current decoding object from the code stream; Divide the current decoding object into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction or vertical direction according to the division mode information; Obtain an index value of the sub-image block, where the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block; According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, obtain a reference pixel point required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain a reference pixel value of the reference pixel point; According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, obtaining the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block, and obtaining the reference pixel values of the reference pixel points include : According to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the required reference pixels; Determine the initial position information of the reference pixel according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; Obtain reference pixel points from the upper adjacent block, upper right adjacent block, left adjacent block, and lower left adjacent block of the decoding object according to the starting position information and number information of the reference pixel points; according to the A reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block is obtained with reference to the pixel value and the residual data. 7. The decoding method according to claim 6, wherein when the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, obtaining the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block, and obtaining the reference pixel values of the reference pixel points include : According to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object; According to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the starting position information of the reference pixel point of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object; According to the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object, obtain the above adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object. The upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block, wherein the upper reference pixel point is the reference pixel point of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block; According to the prediction mode, the left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object, wherein the left reference pixel is the sub-image Reference pixel points of the block in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block, Obtaining the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and the residual data includes: Obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data. 8. The decoding method as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, According to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, obtaining the reference pixel points required for the prediction of the sub-image block, and obtaining the reference pixel values of the reference pixel points include : According to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block, obtain the number information of the reference points in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object; According to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block, determine the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object; According to the number information and start position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object, obtain the The left reference pixel of the sub-image block; According to the prediction mode, obtain the upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object, Obtaining the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and the residual data includes: Obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data. 9. The decoding method according to claim 7, wherein the reference pixels required for prediction of the sub-image block confirmed according to the prediction mode include the upper adjacent block, upper right Pixels in one or more adjacent blocks among the adjacent block, the left adjacent block, and the lower left adjacent block. 10. The decoding method according to claim 6, wherein, according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, it is necessary to obtain the sub-image block for prediction The reference pixel point, and obtaining the reference pixel value of the reference pixel point includes: Obtain the index value of the sub-image block according to the sorting of the sub-image block; Obtain position information of the sub-image block according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; According to the position information, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain reference pixel values of the reference pixel points. 11. An encoding device, characterized in that it comprises: A division module, configured to divide the current coding object to obtain sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction; An index value obtaining module, configured to obtain an index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block; A reference pixel value obtaining module, configured to obtain reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and a preset prediction mode, and obtain the reference pixel value The reference pixel value of the pixel point; The reference pixel value obtaining module includes: The number obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the number information of the required reference pixels according to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block; A position obtaining submodule, configured to determine the initial position information of the reference pixel according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; and The reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the upper adjacent block, the upper right adjacent block, the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the coding object according to the starting position information and the number information of the reference pixel point. Obtain the reference pixel in the block; A residual data obtaining module, configured to predict the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and a preset prediction mode to obtain residual data, and perform transformation, quantization, and entropy coding on the residual data to obtain Obtain the encoded residual data; The code stream writing module is configured to write the division mode information of the current coding object, the coded residual data, and the prediction mode information of the sub-image blocks into a code stream. 12. The encoding device according to claim 11, wherein when the current encoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, The number obtaining submodule is used to obtain the number information of reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current coding object according to the preset prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block; The position obtaining submodule is used to determine the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current coding object according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; The reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is used to, according to the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current encoding object, in the upper phase of the current encoding object The upper reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the adjacent block and the upper-right adjacent block, and the sub-image is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower-left adjacent block of the current coding object according to the preset prediction mode The left reference pixel point of the block, wherein the left reference pixel point is the reference pixel point in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the sub-image block, and the upper reference pixel point is The reference pixel points of the sub-image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block, The residual data obtaining module predicts the sub-image block according to the preset prediction mode and the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel and the left reference pixel to obtain residual data. 13. The encoding device according to claim 11, wherein the reference pixels required for prediction of the sub-image block confirmed according to the prediction mode include the upper adjacent block, upper right Pixels in one or more adjacent blocks among the adjacent block, the left adjacent block, and the lower left adjacent block. 14. A decoding device, characterized in that it comprises: The parameter acquisition module is used to analyze and obtain residual data, the division method of the current decoding object, and the prediction mode information of the current decoding object from the code stream; A division module, configured to divide the current decoding object into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction according to the division mode information; An index value obtaining module, configured to obtain an index value of the sub-image block, wherein the index value is used to represent the sorting information of the sub-image block; A reference pixel obtaining module, configured to obtain, according to the index value, the size specification of the sub-image block, and the prediction mode, reference pixel points required for prediction of the sub-image block, and obtain the reference pixel The reference pixel value of the point; The reference pixel obtaining module includes: The number obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the number information of the required reference pixels according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block; A position obtaining submodule, configured to determine the initial position information of the reference pixel according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; and The reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is used to obtain the upper adjacent block, the upper right adjacent block, the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the decoding object according to the starting position information and the number information of the reference pixel point. Obtain the reference pixel in the block; A reconstruction module, configured to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel value and the residual data. 15. The decoding device according to claim 14, wherein when the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, The number obtaining submodule is used to obtain the number information of reference points in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block; The position obtaining submodule is used to determine the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the index value and the size specification of the sub-image block; The reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is used for, according to the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block of the current decoding object, on the upper phase of the current decoding object The upper reference pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained from the adjacent block and the upper-right adjacent block, and the left-hand pixel point of the sub-image block is obtained from the left adjacent block and the lower-left adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the prediction mode. The reference pixel point on the right side, wherein, the reference pixel point on the left is the reference pixel point in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the sub-image block, and the upper reference pixel point is the reference pixel point in the sub-image block Reference pixel points of the image block in the upper adjacent block and the upper right adjacent block; The reconstruction module is configured to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data. 16. The decoding device according to claim 15, wherein when the current decoding object is divided into sub-image blocks arranged in sequence along the vertical direction, The number obtaining submodule is used to obtain the number information of the reference points in the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the prediction mode and the size specification of the sub-image block; The position obtaining submodule is used to determine the starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object according to the position information of the sub-image block; The reference pixel point obtaining sub-module is used to, according to the number information and starting position information of the reference pixel points of the left adjacent block and the lower left adjacent block of the current decoding object, in the left phase of the current decoding object The left reference pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the adjacent block and the lower-left adjacent block, and according to the prediction mode, the pixel of the sub-image block is obtained from the upper adjacent block and the upper-right adjacent block of the current decoding object. upper reference pixel; The reconstruction module is configured to obtain the reconstructed pixel value of the sub-image block according to the reference pixel values of the upper reference pixel point and the left reference pixel point, and the residual data.

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