CN102066544A - A spray-drying process - Google Patents
A spray-drying process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102066544A CN102066544A CN2009801246576A CN200980124657A CN102066544A CN 102066544 A CN102066544 A CN 102066544A CN 2009801246576 A CN2009801246576 A CN 2009801246576A CN 200980124657 A CN200980124657 A CN 200980124657A CN 102066544 A CN102066544 A CN 102066544A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
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Abstract
Description
发明领域field of invention
本发明涉及喷雾干燥方法。The present invention relates to spray drying methods.
发明背景Background of the invention
衣物洗涤剂组合物通常由涉及对含水浆液进行喷雾干燥以形成喷雾干燥的粉末的步骤的方法制得,所述含水浆液包含阴离子去污表面活性剂。通常,此喷雾干燥步骤是制备衣物洗涤剂粉末的速率决定步骤。这对干燥载量增加的低复配制剂而言尤其如此。随着全球衣物洗涤剂粉末数量需求的增加,许多洗涤剂制造商的喷雾干燥塔以最大生产能力或几乎最大生产能力运转。为了提高他们现有喷雾干燥设备的生产量,洗涤剂制造商不得不投资购买额外的喷雾干燥设备或升级喷雾干燥设备,和/或用加工助剂配制他们的喷雾干燥的粉末,这增加了喷雾干燥衣物洗涤剂粉末的配制复杂性。Laundry detergent compositions are typically made by a process involving the step of spray drying an aqueous slurry comprising an anionic detersive surfactant to form a spray dried powder. Typically, this spray drying step is the rate determining step for making laundry detergent powders. This is especially true for low formulated formulations with increased dry loading. With the global demand for laundry detergent powder volumes increasing, many detergent manufacturers are operating their spray drying towers at or near maximum capacity. To increase the throughput of their existing spray drying equipment, detergent manufacturers have had to invest in additional or upgrade spray drying equipment, and/or formulate their spray dried powders with processing aids, which increase the spray Formulation Complexity of Dry Laundry Detergent Powders.
本发明人已发现,通过从搅拌器内的含水浆液中取出至少一部分阴离子去污表面活性剂,并且在喷雾干燥过程的稍后阶段加入其酸性前体(即加入到碱性浆液中),并且通过小心地控制混合器中碱性浆液的水分含量,可使喷雾干燥方法的生产量显著提高,而无需投资购买额外的喷雾干燥设备或掺入加工助剂。The inventors have found that by removing at least a portion of the anionic detersive surfactant from the aqueous slurry in the mixer and adding its acidic precursor (i.e. to the alkaline slurry) at a later stage in the spray drying process, and By carefully controlling the moisture content of the alkaline slurry in the mixer, the throughput of the spray drying process can be significantly increased without the need to invest in additional spray drying equipment or incorporate processing aids.
发明概述Summary of the invention
本发明涉及如权利要求1中定义的方法。The present invention relates to a method as defined in claim 1 .
发明详述Detailed description of the invention
喷雾干燥方法spray drying method
所述方法包括以下步骤:(a)在搅拌器中形成碱性浆液;(b)通过至少一个泵,将所述碱性浆液从所述搅拌器转移至喷雾加压喷嘴;(c)在搅拌器之后并且在喷雾加压喷嘴之前,使酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体与所述碱性浆液接触以形成混合物;(d)将所述混合物通过所述喷雾加压喷嘴喷雾到喷雾干燥塔中;(e)喷雾干燥所述混合物以形成喷雾干燥的粉末;和(f)任选地,使碱度来源与所述碱性浆液和/或所述酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体和/或所述混合物接触。每个工序更详细地描述于下文中。The method comprises the steps of: (a) forming an alkaline slurry in an agitator; (b) transferring, by at least one pump, the alkaline slurry from the agitator to a spray pressurized nozzle; (c) while agitating contacting an acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor with the alkaline slurry to form a mixture after the sprayer and before the spray pressurization nozzle; (d) spraying the mixture through the spray pressurization nozzle into a spray drying tower wherein; (e) spray drying said mixture to form a spray dried powder; and (f) optionally, combining a source of alkalinity with said alkaline slurry and/or said acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor and / or the mixture is contacted. Each procedure is described in more detail below.
步骤(a)step (a)
在步骤(a)中,在搅拌器中形成碱性浆液。步骤(a)中优选的搅拌器为螺旋式搅拌器。通常优选在50℃至90℃的范围内,加热搅拌器中的碱性浆液。可使用饱和蒸气来加热搅拌器中的浆液。优选在加入到搅拌器中之前加热所有组成所述浆液的液体组分,并且优选在搅拌器中使浆液保持在高温。这些温度优选在50℃至90℃范围内。In step (a), an alkaline slurry is formed in a mixer. The preferred agitator in step (a) is a helical agitator. It is generally preferred to heat the alkaline slurry in the agitator in the range of 50°C to 90°C. Saturated steam can be used to heat the slurry in the mixer. All liquid components making up the slurry are preferably heated before being added to the mixer, and the slurry is preferably maintained at an elevated temperature in the mixer. These temperatures are preferably in the range of 50°C to 90°C.
浆液在搅拌器中的保留时间通常在20秒至600秒范围内。The residence time of the slurry in the mixer typically ranges from 20 seconds to 600 seconds.
步骤(a)中的搅拌器通常具有一定的电机功率,使得其装机功率在50kW至100kW范围内。The stirrer in step (a) usually has a certain motor power, so that its installed power is in the range of 50kW to 100kW.
步骤(b)step (b)
在步骤(b)中,通过至少一个泵使碱性浆液从搅拌器转移至喷雾加压喷嘴。通常首先将碱性浆液转移至低压管线中。低于管线通常具有4.0×105Pa至1.2×106Pa范围内的压力。通常接着将碱性浆液泵送至高压管线中。高压管线通常具有4.0×106Pa至1.2×107Pa范围内的压力。通常,使用高压泵将碱性浆液从低压管线转移至高压管线。高压泵优选为活塞泵。In step (b), the alkaline slurry is transferred from the mixer to the spray pressurized nozzle by at least one pump. Usually the alkaline slurry is first transferred to a low pressure line. The subline typically has a pressure in the range of 4.0×10 5 Pa to 1.2×10 6 Pa. Typically the alkaline slurry is then pumped into a high pressure line. High pressure lines typically have a pressure in the range of 4.0×10 6 Pa to 1.2×10 7 Pa. Typically, a high pressure pump is used to transfer the alkaline slurry from a low pressure line to a high pressure line. The high pressure pump is preferably a piston pump.
通常,在步骤(b)期间,碱性浆液通过第二搅拌器。所述第二搅拌器优选为浆液破碎机。所述第二搅拌器通常以1,000rpm至3,000rpm速率运转。此第二搅拌器降低浆液中固体物质的粒度。步骤(b)结束时浆液中固体物质的粒度优选小于2.0mm。这降低了堵塞喷雾加压喷嘴的风险。Typically, during step (b), the alkaline slurry is passed through the second agitator. The second agitator is preferably a slurry breaker. The second agitator typically operates at a rate of 1,000 rpm to 3,000 rpm. This second agitator reduces the particle size of the solid matter in the slurry. The particle size of the solid matter in the slurry at the end of step (b) is preferably less than 2.0 mm. This reduces the risk of clogging the spray pressurized nozzles.
步骤(c)step (c)
在步骤(c)中,在搅拌器之后并且在喷雾加压喷嘴之前,使酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体与碱性浆液接触以形成混合物。优选在低压管线中,使酸性阴离子表面活性剂前体与碱性浆液接触。然而,可在高压管线中,使酸性阴离子表面活性剂前体与碱性浆液接触。当所述酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体与碱性浆液接触时,它的温度通常在20℃至50℃范围内。通常控制碱性浆液流量与酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体流量的比率。这种控制通常通过使酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体通过质量流量计,并且由安装在储存罐上的失重给料器监测碱性浆液的质量流量来实现,碱性浆液通常在被泵送到低压管线之前被递送到所述储存罐中。碱性浆液流量与酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体流量的比率通常在2.5∶1至25∶1,优选5∶1,或8∶1,并且优选至20∶1,或至15∶1的范围内。In step (c), after the agitator and before the spray pressurized nozzle, the acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor is contacted with the basic slurry to form a mixture. The acidic anionic surfactant precursor is contacted with the alkaline slurry, preferably in a low pressure line. However, it is possible to contact the acidic anionic surfactant precursor with the alkaline slurry in a high pressure line. The temperature of the acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor is typically in the range 20°C to 50°C when it is contacted with the alkaline slurry. Typically the ratio of basic slurry flow to acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor flow is controlled. This control is usually accomplished by passing the acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor through a mass flow meter and monitoring the mass flow of the alkaline slurry, which is typically pumped is delivered to the storage tank before going to the low pressure line. The ratio of alkaline slurry flow to acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor flow is generally in the range of 2.5:1 to 25:1, preferably 5:1, or 8:1, and preferably to 20:1, or to 15:1 within range.
步骤(d)step (d)
在步骤(d)中,使所述混合物通过喷雾加压喷嘴喷雾到喷雾干燥塔中。通常在4.0×106Pa至1.2×107Pa范围内的压力下喷雾所述混合物。通常以1,000kghr-1至70,000kghr-1范围内的质量流量,喷雾所述混合物。通常在所述方法中使用多个喷嘴,所述喷嘴优选以环绕的方式安放在整个喷雾干燥塔的不同高度处。优选以与塔中气流相对逆流的方式安置喷嘴。In step (d), the mixture is sprayed through spray pressurized nozzles into a spray drying tower. The mixture is usually sprayed at a pressure ranging from 4.0×10 6 Pa to 1.2×10 7 Pa. The mixture is typically sprayed at a mass flow rate in the range of 1,000 kghr −1 to 70,000 kghr −1 . Usually a plurality of nozzles are used in the process, which nozzles are preferably arranged in a circumferential manner at different heights throughout the spray-drying tower. The nozzles are preferably positioned relatively countercurrent to the gas flow in the column.
步骤(e)step (e)
在步骤(e)中,将所述混合物喷雾干燥以形成喷雾干燥的粉末。进气口温度通常在200℃至350℃范围内。进气口流量通常在50,000至150,000kgm-3范围内。In step (e), the mixture is spray dried to form a spray dried powder. The inlet temperature is typically in the range of 200°C to 350°C. Inlet flow is typically in the range of 50,000 to 150,000kgm -3 .
任选步骤(f)Optional step (f)
在任选的步骤(f)中,使碱度来源与碱性浆液和/或酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体和/或所述混合物接触。优选使碱度来源与酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体基本上同时加入到碱性浆液中。通常在高于10℃的温度下使碱度来源与碱性浆液和/或酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体和/或混合物接触;当碱度来源包含氢氧化钠时,这是尤其优选的。In optional step (f), the source of alkalinity is contacted with the alkaline slurry and/or the acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor and/or said mixture. Preferably, the source of alkalinity is added to the alkaline slurry substantially simultaneously with the acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor. The source of alkalinity is contacted with the alkaline slurry and/or acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor and/or mixture, typically at a temperature above 10°C; this is especially preferred when the source of alkalinity comprises sodium hydroxide .
可通过将碱度来源注入到低压管线中,使所述碱度来源与碱性浆液和/或混合物接触。作为另外一种选择,可将碱度来源注入到高压管线中。The source of alkalinity may be contacted with the alkaline slurry and/or mixture by injecting the source into a low pressure line. Alternatively, a source of alkalinity can be injected into the high pressure line.
通常控制碱性浆液流量与碱度来源流量的比率。这种控制通常通过使碱度来源通过质量流量计来实现。碱性浆液质量流量的控制更详细地描述于上文中。Typically the ratio of alkaline slurry flow to alkalinity source flow is controlled. This control is usually accomplished by passing the source of alkalinity through a mass flow meter. Control of alkaline slurry mass flow is described in more detail above.
碱性浆液alkaline slurry
所述碱性浆液通常包含:(a)0重量%至15重量%的阴离子去污表面活性剂;和(b)0重量%至35重量%的水。所述碱性浆液优选包含0重量%,或0重量%以上,并且优选至30重量%,或至25重量%,或至20重量%,或至15重量%,或甚至至10重量%的水。所述碱性浆液可以是基本上无水的。所述碱性浆液通常包含一种或多种洗涤剂助剂成分。所述碱性浆液优选包含碳酸盐,优选包含至少5重量%,或至少10重量%的碳酸盐。所述碱性浆液优选包含0重量%至10重量%,或0重量%以上,并且优选至8重量%,或至6重量%,或至重量%,或至2重量%的阴离子表面活性剂。所述碱性浆液可甚至基本上不含阴离子去污表面活性剂。基本上不含通常是指不包含有意添加的。The alkaline slurry typically comprises: (a) 0% to 15% by weight anionic detersive surfactant; and (b) 0% to 35% by weight water. The alkaline slurry preferably comprises 0% by weight, or more than 0% by weight, and preferably to 30% by weight, or to 25% by weight, or to 20% by weight, or to 15% by weight, or even to 10% by weight of water . The alkaline slurry may be substantially anhydrous. The alkaline slurry typically contains one or more detergent builder ingredients. The alkaline slurry preferably comprises carbonate, preferably at least 5% by weight, or at least 10% by weight of carbonate. The alkaline slurry preferably comprises 0% to 10% by weight, or more than 0% by weight, and preferably to 8% by weight, or to 6% by weight, or to 2% by weight of anionic surfactant. The alkaline slurry may even be substantially free of anionic detersive surfactants. Substantially free generally means free of intentional additions.
所述碱性浆液可包含聚合材料。优选的聚合材料为羧酸盐聚合物。所述碱性浆液可包含至少1重量%,或甚至至少2重量%的聚合材料。The alkaline slurry may contain polymeric material. Preferred polymeric materials are carboxylate polymers. The alkaline slurry may comprise at least 1% by weight, or even at least 2% by weight of polymeric material.
浆液中存在的固体无机材料与固体有机材料的重量比优选在10∶1至10,000∶1的范围内,优选至少35∶1。所述碱性浆液可包含小于10重量%的固体有机材料,或小于5重量%的固体有机材料。所述碱性浆液可甚至基本上不含固体有机材料。就本发明目的而言,有机是指任何烃组分。The weight ratio of solid inorganic material to solid organic material present in the slurry is preferably in the range of 10:1 to 10,000:1, preferably at least 35:1. The alkaline slurry may contain less than 10% by weight solid organic material, or less than 5% by weight solid organic material. The alkaline slurry may even be substantially free of solid organic material. For the purposes of the present invention, organic means any hydrocarbon component.
喷雾干燥的粉末spray dried powder
所述喷雾干燥的粉末包含:(i)阴离子去污表面活性剂;(ii)0重量%至10重量%的沸石助洗剂;(iii)0重量%至10重量%的磷酸盐助洗剂;和(iv)任选的0重量%至15重量%的硅酸盐。所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常包含附加的洗涤剂助剂成分。所述喷雾干燥的粉末优选包含碳酸盐。The spray dried powder comprises: (i) an anionic detersive surfactant; (ii) 0% to 10% by weight zeolite builder; (iii) 0% to 10% by weight phosphate builder and (iv) optionally 0% to 15% by weight silicate. The spray-dried powders generally contain additional detergent builder ingredients. The spray-dried powder preferably comprises carbonate.
所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常具有一定的粒度分布,使得重均粒度在300微米至600微米范围内,并且优选小于10重量%的喷雾干燥的粉末具有大于1,180微米的粒度,并且优选小于10重量%的喷雾干燥的粉末具有小于150微米的粒度。The spray-dried powder generally has a particle size distribution such that the weight average particle size is in the range of 300 microns to 600 microns, and preferably less than 10% by weight of the spray-dried powder has a particle size greater than 1,180 microns, and preferably less than 10% by weight The spray-dried powder has a particle size of less than 150 microns.
所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常具有100g/L至700g/L范围内的堆积密度。所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常具有小于5重量%,优选小于4重量%,或甚至小于3重量%的含水量。所述喷雾干燥的粉末优选为白色。The spray-dried powder typically has a bulk density in the range of 100 g/L to 700 g/L. The spray-dried powder typically has a moisture content of less than 5%, preferably less than 4%, or even less than 3% by weight. The spray-dried powder is preferably white.
酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体Acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor
所述酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体优选包含C8-C24烷基苯磺酸。然而,任何酸性阴离子去污表面活性剂前体均可用于本发明中。The acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor preferably comprises a C 8 -C 24 alkylbenzene sulfonic acid. However, any acidic anionic detersive surfactant precursor can be used in the present invention.
阴离子去污表面活性剂Anionic detersive surfactants
阴离子去污表面活性剂优选包含烷基苯磺酸盐。所述阴离子去污表面活性剂优选包含按所述阴离子去污表面活性剂的重量计至少50%,优选至少55%,或至少60%,或至少65%,或至少70%,或甚至至少75%的烷基苯磺酸盐。所述烷基苯磺酸盐优选为直链或支链、取代或未取代的C8-18烷基苯磺酸盐。这是C8-18烷基苯磺酸盐提供良好清洁性能的最佳含量。C8-18烷基苯磺酸盐可以是改性烷基苯磺酸盐(MLAS),如WO 99/05243、WO99/05242、WO 99/05244、WO 99/05082、WO 99/05084、WO 99/05241、WO 99/07656、WO 00/23549和WO 00/23548中更详细描述的。高度优选的C8-18烷基苯磺酸盐为直链C10-13烷基苯磺酸盐。尤其优选直链C10-13烷基苯磺酸盐,其可通过,优选通过将可商购获得的直链烷基苯(LAB)磺化获得;适宜的LAB包括低级2-苯基LAB,如由Sasol以商品名提供的那些,或由Petresa以商品名提供的那些,其它适宜的LAB包括高级2-苯基LAB,如由Sasol以商品名提供的那些。Anionic detersive surfactants preferably comprise alkylbenzene sulphonates. The anionic detersive surfactant preferably comprises at least 50%, preferably at least 55%, or at least 60%, or at least 65%, or at least 70%, or even at least 75% by weight of the anionic detersive surfactant % of alkylbenzene sulfonates. The alkylbenzene sulfonate is preferably linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 8-18 alkylbenzene sulfonate. This is the optimum content of C 8-18 alkylbenzene sulfonate to provide good cleaning performance. C 8-18 alkylbenzene sulfonate can be modified alkylbenzene sulfonate (MLAS), such as WO 99/05243, WO 99/05242, WO 99/05244, WO 99/05082, WO 99/05084, WO 99/05241, WO 99/07656, WO 00/23549 and WO 00/23548 are described in more detail. Highly preferred C 8-18 alkylbenzene sulfonates are linear C 10-13 alkylbenzene sulfonates. Especially preferred are linear C 10-13 alkylbenzene sulfonates obtainable, preferably by sulfonation, of commercially available linear alkylbenzenes (LAB); suitable LABs include lower 2-phenyl LAB, As marketed by Sasol under the trade name those offered, or by Petresa under the tradename Those provided, other suitable LABs include higher 2-phenyl LABs such as those available from Sasol under the tradename those provided.
阴离子去污表面活性剂可优选包含其它阴离子去污表面活性剂。优选的阴离子去污表面活性助剂是非烷氧基化的阴离子去污表面活性剂。所述非烷氧基化的阴离子去污表面活性剂可以是烷基硫酸盐、烷基磷酸盐、烷基膦酸盐、烷基羧酸盐、或它们的任何混合物。非烷氧基化的阴离子表面活性剂可选自由下列组成的组:通常具有下式结构的C10-C20支链、直链和无规链的伯烷基硫酸盐(AS):The anionic detersive surfactants may preferably comprise other anionic detersive surfactants. Preferred anionic detersive surfactant builders are non-alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactants. The non-alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant may be an alkyl sulfate, alkyl phosphate, alkyl phosphonate, alkyl carboxylate, or any mixture thereof. Non-alkoxylated anionic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of C 10 -C 20 branched, linear and random chain primary alkyl sulfates (AS) generally having the structure:
CH3(CH2)xCH2-OSO3 -M+ CH 3 (CH 2 ) x CH 2 -OSO 3 - M +
其中,M为氢或提供电中性的阳离子,优选的阳离子为钠和铵阳离子,其中x是至少为7,优选至少为9的整数;典型具有下式的C10-C18仲(2,3)烷基硫酸盐:Wherein, M is hydrogen or a cation providing electrical neutrality, preferred cations are sodium and ammonium cations, wherein x is an integer of at least 7, preferably at least 9; typical C 10 -C 18 secondary (2, 3) Alkyl Sulfate:
其中,M为氢或提供电中性的阳离子,优选的阳离子包括钠和铵阳离子,其中x为至少7,优选至少9的整数,y为至少8,优选至少9的整数;C10-C18烷基羧酸盐;中链支化的烷基硫酸盐,如US 6,020,303和US6,060,443中更详细描述的;甲酯磺酸盐(MES);α-烯烃磺酸盐(AOS);以及它们的混合物。Wherein, M is hydrogen or a cation providing electrical neutrality, preferred cations include sodium and ammonium cations, wherein x is an integer of at least 7, preferably at least 9, and y is an integer of at least 8, preferably at least 9; C 10 -C 18 Alkyl carboxylates; mid-chain branched alkyl sulfates, as described in more detail in US 6,020,303 and US 6,060,443; methyl ester sulfonate (MES); alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS); mixture.
另一种优选的阴离子去污表面活性剂为烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂。喷雾干燥的粉末中存在烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂,提供了良好的油污清洁性能,赋予良好的起泡特性,并且改善所述阴离子去污表面活性剂体系对硬度的耐受性。所述阴离子去污表面活性剂体系优选包含按所述阴离子表面活性剂体系的重量计1%至50%,或5%,或10%,或15%,或20%,并且至45%,或至40%,或至35%,或至30%的烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂。Another preferred anionic detersive surfactant is an alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant. The presence of the alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant in the spray-dried powder provides good oily stain cleaning performance, imparts good sudsing characteristics, and improves the hardness tolerance of the anionic detersive surfactant system. The anionic detersive surfactant system preferably comprises from 1% to 50%, or 5%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, and to 45%, by weight of the anionic surfactant system, or To 40%, or to 35%, or to 30% alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant.
优选地,所述烷氧基化的阴离子去污表面活性剂是直链或支链的,取代或未取代的C12-18烷基烷氧基化的硫酸盐,其具有的平均烷氧基化度为1至30,优选1至10。优选地,所述烷氧基化的阴离子去污表面活性剂是直链或支链的,取代或未取代的C12-18烷基乙氧基化物硫酸盐,其具有1至10的平均乙氧基化度。最优选地,所述烷氧基化的阴离子去污表面活性剂是直链的未取代的C12-18烷基乙氧基化物硫酸盐,其具有3至7的平均乙氧基化度。Preferably, the alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant is a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 12-18 alkyl alkoxylated sulfate having an average alkoxy The degree is 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 10. Preferably, the alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant is a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 12-18 alkyl ethoxylate sulfate having an average Ethoxylate of 1 to 10 Oxylation degree. Most preferably, the alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant is a linear unsubstituted C 12-18 alkyl ethoxylate sulfate having an average degree of ethoxylation of 3 to 7.
当与烷基苯磺酸盐一起存在时,烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂还可通过降低烷基苯磺酸盐在游离钙阳离子的存在下从溶液中沉淀出来的可能性,来增加烷基苯磺酸盐的活性。烷基苯磺酸盐与烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂的重量比优选在1∶1至小于5∶1,或至小于3∶1,或至小于1.7∶1,或甚至小于1.5∶1的范围内。此比率赋予了最佳的洁白度保持性能与良好硬度耐受特征和良好起泡特征的组合。然而,烷基苯磺酸盐与烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂的重量比优选大于5∶1,或大于6∶1,或大于7∶1,或甚至大于10∶1。此比率赋予了最佳的油污清洁性能与良好硬度耐受特征和良好起泡特征的组合。When present together with alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactants can also increase the Activity of alkylbenzene sulfonates. The weight ratio of alkylbenzene sulfonate to alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant is preferably from 1:1 to less than 5:1, or to less than 3:1, or to less than 1.7:1, or even less than 1.5:1 1 range. This ratio gives the best whiteness retention performance combined with good hardness tolerance characteristics and good lather characteristics. However, the weight ratio of alkylbenzene sulfonate to alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactant is preferably greater than 5:1, or greater than 6:1, or greater than 7:1, or even greater than 10:1. This ratio gives the best oil cleaning performance in combination with good hardness tolerance characteristics and good foaming characteristics.
适宜的烷氧基化阴离子去污表面活性剂是:得自Cognis的TexapanLESTTM;得自Sasol的Cosmacol AESTM;得自Stephan的BES151TM;Empicol ESC70/UTM;以及它们的混合物。Suitable alkoxylated anionic detersive surfactants are: TexapanLEST ™ from Cognis; Cosmacol AES ™ from Sasol; BES151 ™ from Stephan; Empicol ESC70/U ™ ;
所述阴离子去污表面活性剂优选包含按所述阴离子去污表面活性剂的重量计0%至10%,优选至8%,或至6%,或至4%,或至2%,或甚至至1%的不饱和阴离子去污表面活性剂,如α-烯烃磺酸盐。所述阴离子去污表面活性剂优选基本上不含不饱和的阴离子去污表面活性剂如α-烯烃磺酸盐。“基本不含”典型是指“不包含故意添加的”。不受理论的束缚,据信不饱和阴离子去污表面活性剂如α-烯烃磺酸盐的这种含量,可确保所述阴离子去污表面活性剂是漂白剂相容的。The anionic detersive surfactant preferably comprises from 0% to 10%, preferably to 8%, or to 6%, or to 4%, or to 2%, or even by weight of the anionic detersive surfactant to 1% of unsaturated anionic detersive surfactants such as alpha-olefin sulfonates. The anionic detersive surfactants are preferably substantially free of unsaturated anionic detersive surfactants such as alpha-olefin sulfonates. "Essentially free" typically means "free of intentionally added". Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that this level of unsaturated anionic detersive surfactant, such as alpha-olefin sulfonate, ensures that the anionic detersive surfactant is bleach compatible.
所述阴离子去污表面活性剂优选包含0重量%至10重量%,优选至8重量%,或至6重量%,或至4重量%,或至2重量%,或甚至至1重量%的烷基硫酸盐。所述阴离子去污表面活性剂优选基本不含烷基硫酸盐。受理论的束缚,据信烷基硫酸盐的这种含量,可确保所述阴离子去污表面活性剂是耐硬度的。The anionic detersive surfactant preferably comprises from 0% to 10% by weight, preferably to 8% by weight, or to 6% by weight, or to 4% by weight, or to 2% by weight, or even to 1% by weight of alkanes base sulfate. The anionic detersive surfactants are preferably substantially free of alkyl sulfates. While wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that this level of alkyl sulfate ensures that the anionic detersive surfactant is hardness resistant.
沸石助洗剂Zeolite Builder
所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常包含按所述喷雾干燥的粉末的重量计0重量%至10重量%,优选至9重量%,或至8重量%,或至7重量%,或至6重量%,或至5重量%,或至4重量%,或至3重量%,或至2重量%,或至1重量%,或至小于1重量%的沸石助洗剂。喷雾干燥的粉末甚至可优选基本上不含沸石助洗剂。基本上不含沸石助洗剂通常是指所述喷雾干燥的粉末不包含有意添加的沸石助洗剂。如果期望所述喷雾干燥的粉末非常易溶,尤其优选使水不溶性残余物(例如,其可沉积在织物表面上)的量为最小,并且当高度期望得到透明洗涤液体时也是如此。沸石助洗剂包括沸石A、沸石X、沸石P和沸石MAP。The spray-dried powder generally comprises 0% to 10% by weight, preferably to 9% by weight, or to 8% by weight, or to 7% by weight, or to 6% by weight, by weight of the spray-dried powder, Or to 5 wt%, or to 4 wt%, or to 3 wt%, or to 2 wt%, or to 1 wt%, or to less than 1 wt% zeolite builder. The spray-dried powder may even preferably be substantially free of zeolite builder. Substantially free of zeolite builder generally means that the spray-dried powder contains no intentionally added zeolite builder. If it is desired that the spray-dried powder is very soluble, it is especially preferred to minimize the amount of water-insoluble residue (which can deposit on fabric surfaces, for example), and also when a clear wash liquor is highly desired. Zeolite builders include zeolite A, zeolite X, zeolite P and zeolite MAP.
磷酸盐助洗剂Phosphate Builder
所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常包含按所述喷雾干燥的粉末的重量计0重量%至10重量%,优选至9重量%,或至8重量%,或至7重量%,或至6重量%,或至5重量%,或至4重量%,或至3重量%,或至2重量%,或至1重量%,或至小于1重量%的磷酸盐助洗剂。喷雾干燥的粉末甚至可优选基本上不含磷酸盐助洗剂。基本上不含磷酸盐助剂通常是指所述喷雾干燥的粉末不包含有意添加的磷酸盐助洗剂。如果期望该组合物具有非常好的环保特性,则这是尤其优选的。磷酸盐助洗剂包括三聚磷酸钠。The spray-dried powder generally comprises 0% to 10% by weight, preferably to 9% by weight, or to 8% by weight, or to 7% by weight, or to 6% by weight, by weight of the spray-dried powder, Or to 5 wt%, or to 4 wt%, or to 3 wt%, or to 2 wt%, or to 1 wt%, or to less than 1 wt% phosphate builder. The spray dried powder may even preferably be substantially free of phosphate builders. Substantially free of phosphate builder generally means that the spray-dried powder contains no intentionally added phosphate builder. This is especially preferred if the composition is desired to have very good environmental properties. Phosphate builders include sodium tripolyphosphate.
硅酸盐Silicate
所述喷雾干燥的粉末任选包含0重量%至20重量%,优选1重量%,或2重量%,或3重量%,并且优选至15重量%,或至10重量%,或甚至至5重量%的硅酸盐。硅酸盐包括无定形硅酸盐和结晶层状硅酸盐(例如SKS-6)。优选的硅酸盐为硅酸钠。The spray-dried powder optionally comprises 0% to 20% by weight, preferably 1% by weight, or 2% by weight, or 3% by weight, and preferably to 15% by weight, or to 10% by weight, or even to 5% by weight % silicate. Silicates include amorphous silicates and crystalline layered silicates (eg SKS-6). A preferred silicate is sodium silicate.
碳酸盐carbonate
所述喷雾干燥的粉末通常包含碳酸盐,通常包含按所述喷雾干燥的粉末的重量计1%至50%,或5%至25%,或10%至20%的碳酸盐。优选的碳酸盐为碳酸钠和/或碳酸氢钠。高度优选的碳酸盐为碳酸钠。所述喷雾干燥的粉末可优选包含按所述喷雾干燥的粉末的重量计10%至40%的碳酸钠。然而,所述喷雾干燥的粉末还可优选包含按所述喷雾干燥的粉末的重量计2%至8%的碳酸氢钠。此含量的碳酸氢钠可提供良好的碱度,同时将表面活性剂-碳酸盐体系中可能会发生的表面活性剂胶凝的可能性减少到最小。如果所述喷雾干燥的粉末包含碳酸钠和沸石,则碳酸钠与沸石的重量比优选为至少15∶1。The spray-dried powder typically comprises carbonate, typically from 1% to 50%, or from 5% to 25%, or from 10% to 20%, by weight of the spray-dried powder. Preferred carbonates are sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate. A highly preferred carbonate is sodium carbonate. The spray-dried powder may preferably comprise 10% to 40% sodium carbonate by weight of the spray-dried powder. However, the spray-dried powder may also preferably comprise from 2% to 8% by weight of the spray-dried powder of sodium bicarbonate. This level of sodium bicarbonate provides good alkalinity while minimizing the possibility of surfactant gelling that can occur in surfactant-carbonate systems. If the spray-dried powder comprises sodium carbonate and zeolite, the weight ratio of sodium carbonate to zeolite is preferably at least 15:1.
高含量的碳酸盐通过增加洗涤液体的pH改善了组合物的清洁性能。这种增加的碱度:如果存在,可改善漂白性能;增加污垢水解倾向,这有利于它们从织物上移除;并且还提高了待清洁污垢的离子化速率和程度(注意,在衣物洗涤过程的洗涤阶段,离子化污垢的溶解度更大并且更易从织物上移除)。此外,高碳酸盐含量增加了喷雾干燥的粉末的流动性。A high level of carbonate improves the cleaning performance of the composition by increasing the pH of the wash liquor. This increased alkalinity: improves bleach performance, if present; increases the hydrolysis propensity of soils, which facilitates their removal from fabrics; and also increases the rate and extent of ionization of the soils to be cleaned (note, During the wash phase, the ionized soil is more soluble and easier to remove from the fabric). Furthermore, the high carbonate content increases the flowability of the spray-dried powder.
碱度来源Alkalinity source
所述碱度来源优选包括氢氧化钠。所述碱度来源优选包括碳酸盐。所述碱度来源优选包括硅酸盐。The source of alkalinity preferably comprises sodium hydroxide. The source of alkalinity preferably comprises carbonates. The source of alkalinity preferably comprises a silicate.
洗涤剂助剂成分detergent builder ingredients
适宜的助剂成分包括:去污表面活性剂如阴离子去污表面活性剂,非离子去污表面活性剂、阳离子去污表面活性剂、两性离子去污表面活性剂、两性去污表面活性剂;优选的非离子去污表面活性剂是平均烷氧基化度为1至20,优选3至10的C8-18烷基烷氧基化醇,最优选的是平均烷氧基化度为3至10的C12-18烷基乙氧基化醇;优选的阳离子去污表面活性剂是一-C6-18烷基一羟乙基二甲基氯化季铵,更优选的是一-C8-10烷基一-羟基乙基二甲基氯化季铵、一-C10-12烷基一-羟基乙基二甲基氯化季铵、和一-C10烷基一-羟基乙基二甲基氯化季铵;过氧源如过碳酸盐和/或过硼酸盐,优选过碳酸钠,过氧源优选至少部分被涂覆成分涂覆,优选完全被涂覆成分涂覆,所述涂覆成分如碳酸盐、硫酸盐、硅酸盐、硼硅酸盐、或它们的混合物,包括它们的混合盐;漂白活化剂如四乙酰基乙二胺、苯酚磺酸盐漂白活化剂如壬酰苯酚磺酸盐、己内酰胺漂白活化剂、酰亚胺漂白活化剂如N-壬酰-N-甲基乙酰胺、预成形的过酸如N,N-邻苯二甲酰化氨基过氧化己酸、壬基酰胺过氧化己二酸或二苯甲酰过氧化物;酶如淀粉酶、糖酶、纤维素酶、漆酶、脂肪酶、氧化酶、过氧化物酶、蛋白酶、果胶酸裂解酶和甘露聚糖酶;抑泡体系如硅氧烷基抑泡剂;荧光增白剂;光漂白剂;盐类填充剂如硫酸盐、优选硫酸钠;织物软化剂如粘土、硅氧烷和/或季铵化合物;絮凝剂如聚环氧乙烷;染料转移抑制剂如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚4-乙烯基吡啶N-氧化物和/或乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基咪唑的共聚物;织物完整组分如疏水改性的纤维素和由咪唑和表氯醇缩合的低聚产物;污垢分散剂和污垢抗再沉积助剂如烷氧基化的聚胺和乙氧基化的乙烯亚胺聚合物;抗再沉积组分如羧甲基纤维素和聚酯;香料;氨基磺酸或它的盐;柠檬酸或它的盐;和染料如橙色染料、蓝色染料、绿色染料、紫色染料、粉红色染料、或它们的混合物。Suitable adjunct ingredients include: detersive surfactants such as anionic detersive surfactants, nonionic detersive surfactants, cationic detersive surfactants, zwitterionic detersive surfactants, amphoteric detersive surfactants; Preferred nonionic detersive surfactants are C8-18 alkyl alkoxylated alcohols having an average degree of alkoxylation of 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 10, most preferably an average degree of alkoxylation of 3 C 12-18 alkyl ethoxylated alcohols to 10; preferred cationic detersive surfactant is mono-C 6-18 alkyl monohydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride, more preferably mono- C 8-10 alkyl one-hydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride, one-C 10-12 alkyl one-hydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride, and one-C 10 alkyl one-hydroxy Ethyldimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride; peroxygen source such as percarbonate and/or perborate, preferably sodium percarbonate, peroxygen source is preferably at least partially coated with the coating composition, preferably completely coated with the composition Coatings, said coating ingredients such as carbonates, sulfates, silicates, borosilicates, or mixtures thereof, including mixed salts thereof; bleach activators such as tetraacetylethylenediamine, phenolsulfonic acid Salt bleach activators such as nonanoylphenol sulfonate, caprolactam bleach activators, imide bleach activators such as N-nonanoyl-N-methylacetamide, preformed peracids such as N,N-phthalamide Acylated aminoperoxycaproic acid, nonylamide peroxyadipate, or dibenzoyl peroxide; enzymes such as amylases, carbohydrases, cellulases, laccases, lipases, oxidases, peroxidases , proteases, pectate lyases and mannanases; suds suppressor systems such as silicone-based suds suppressors; optical brighteners; photobleaches; salt fillers such as sulfates, preferably sodium sulfate; fabric softeners such as clays, silicones and/or quaternary ammonium compounds; flocculants such as polyethylene oxide; dye transfer inhibitors such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-4-vinylpyridine N-oxide and/or vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl Copolymers of imidazole; textile integral components such as hydrophobically modified cellulose and oligomeric products of condensation of imidazole and epichlorohydrin; soil dispersants and soil anti-redeposition aids such as alkoxylated polyamines and ethoxylated ethyleneimine polymer; anti-redeposition components such as carboxymethylcellulose and polyester; perfume; sulfamic acid or its salt; citric acid or its salt; and dyes such as orange dye, blue dye , green dye, purple dye, pink dye, or mixtures thereof.
实施例Example
虽然已经举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不背离本发明实质和范围的情况下可以做出多个其他改变和变型。因此,权利要求书旨在包括在本发明范围内的所有这样的改变和变型。While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
实施例1:喷雾干燥的衣物洗涤剂粉末和制备它的方法。Example 1: Spray dried laundry detergent powder and method of making it.
含水碱性浆液组合物。 Aqueous alkaline slurry compositions .
制备喷雾干燥的衣物洗涤剂粉末。 Preparation of spray dried laundry detergent powder .
在浆液制备器容器(螺旋搅拌器)中,配制具有如上所述组成的含水碱性浆液。上述浆液的含水量为23.1%。将上文以液体形式加入的任何成分加热至70℃,使得含水浆液温度绝不能低于70℃。在6.0×105Pa压力下将饱和蒸汽注入到螺旋搅拌器中,以使温度升至90℃。然后将浆液泵送到低压管线中(具有5.0×105Pa的压力)。In a slurry maker vessel (screw mixer), an aqueous alkaline slurry was prepared with the composition as described above. The water content of the above slurry was 23.1%. Any ingredients added above in liquid form are heated to 70°C such that the temperature of the aqueous slurry never falls below 70°C. Saturated steam was injected into the helical stirrer at a pressure of 6.0×10 5 Pa to raise the temperature to 90°C. The slurry was then pumped into the low pressure line (with a pressure of 5.0 x 105 Pa).
分别将11.4份C8-C24烷基苯磺酸(HLAS)和3.2份50重量/重量%氢氧化钠水溶液泵送到低压管线中。然后将所述混合物经由高压泵泵送到高压管线中(具有8.0×106Pa的出口压力)。然后在8.0×106Pa压力和90℃+/-2℃温度下,将所述混合物通过喷雾加压喷嘴以1,640kg/h的速率喷雾到气体进口温度为300℃的逆流喷雾干燥塔中。使所述混合物雾化,然后使雾化后的浆液干燥以制得固体混合物,然后将其冷却并筛分以除去特大的物料(>1.8mm)以形成自由流动的喷雾干燥的粉末。细小的物料(<0.15mm)用喷雾干燥塔中的废气淘洗,然后收集在塔后的防泄漏体系中。所述喷雾干燥的粉末具有2.5重量%的含水量、510g/L的堆积密度和一定的粒度分布,使得大于80重量%的喷雾干燥的粉末具有150至710微米的粒度。下面给出该喷雾干燥的粉末的组成。11.4 parts of C 8 -C 24 alkylbenzene sulfonic acids (HLAS) and 3.2 parts of 50 wt/w% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were pumped into the low pressure line, respectively. The mixture was then pumped into a high pressure line (with an outlet pressure of 8.0×10 6 Pa) via a high pressure pump. Then, at a pressure of 8.0×10 6 Pa and a temperature of 90°C+/−2°C, the mixture was sprayed through a spray pressurized nozzle at a rate of 1,640 kg/h into a countercurrent spray drying tower with a gas inlet temperature of 300°C. The mixture was atomized and the atomized slurry was dried to produce a solid mixture which was then cooled and sieved to remove oversized material (>1.8 mm) to form a free-flowing spray-dried powder. The fine material (<0.15mm) is washed with the exhaust gas in the spray drying tower, and then collected in the anti-leakage system behind the tower. The spray-dried powder had a moisture content of 2.5% by weight, a bulk density of 510 g/L and a particle size distribution such that greater than 80% by weight of the spray-dried powder had a particle size of 150 to 710 microns. The composition of the spray-dried powder is given below.
喷雾干燥的衣物洗涤剂粉末组合物Spray-dried laundry detergent powder composition
颗粒状衣物洗涤剂组合物Granular laundry detergent composition
如下制备上述衣物洗涤剂组合物:在标准间歇式搅拌器中干混所有上述颗粒(除了AE7以外的所有颗粒)。将液体形式的AE7喷雾到标准间歇式搅拌器中的颗粒上。作为另外一种选择,将液体形式的AE7喷雾到实施例1的喷雾干燥的粉末上。然后将所得粉末与标准间歇式搅拌器中的所有其它颗粒混合在一起。The above laundry detergent compositions were prepared by dry blending all of the above granules (all granules except AE7) in a standard batch mixer. AE7 in liquid form was sprayed onto the granules in a standard batch mixer. Alternatively, AE7 in liquid form was sprayed onto the spray-dried powder of Example 1. The resulting powder was then blended together with all other granules in a standard batch mixer.
本文所公开的量纲和值不旨在被理解为严格地限于所述的精确值。相反,除非另外指明,每个这样的量纲旨在表示与所引用的数值和围绕该数值的功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not intended to be understood as strictly limited to the precise values recited. Instead, unless otherwise indicated, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm."
Claims (8)
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| EP08159025.9 | 2008-06-25 | ||
| PCT/US2009/048559 WO2009158449A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | A spray-drying process |
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| CN102066544A true CN102066544A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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| JP (1) | JP2011525215A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102066544A (en) |
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| AU8124398A (en) | 1997-07-21 | 1999-02-16 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Process for making alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants from alcohols and products thereof |
| PH11998001775B1 (en) | 1997-07-21 | 2004-02-11 | Procter & Gamble | Improved alkyl aryl sulfonate surfactants |
| WO1999005241A1 (en) | 1997-07-21 | 1999-02-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleaning products comprising improved alkylarylsulfonate surfactants prepared via vinylidene olefins and processes for preparation thereof |
| EP1002029B1 (en) | 1997-07-21 | 2003-05-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Improved alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants |
| CN1183067C (en) | 1997-07-21 | 2005-01-05 | 普罗格特-甘布尔公司 | Improved process for preparing alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants and products thereof |
| CA2298618C (en) | 1997-08-08 | 2007-04-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Improved processes for making surfactants via adsorptive separation and products thereof |
| DE69930141T2 (en) | 1998-10-20 | 2006-11-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati | DETERGENT CONTAINING MODIFIED ALKYL BENZENESULFONATE |
| BR9914714A (en) | 1998-10-20 | 2001-08-07 | Procter & Gamble | Laundry detergents comprising modified alkylbenzene sulfonates |
| ES2289353T3 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2008-02-01 | Kao Corporation | DETERGENT PARTICLES. |
| EP1529833A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent particles |
-
2008
- 2008-06-25 EP EP08159025A patent/EP2138565A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-06-25 CN CN2009801246576A patent/CN102066544A/en active Pending
- 2009-06-25 JP JP2011514901A patent/JP2011525215A/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-06-25 CA CA2726023A patent/CA2726023A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-25 MX MX2010014505A patent/MX2010014505A/en unknown
- 2009-06-25 WO PCT/US2009/048559 patent/WO2009158449A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-06-25 BR BRPI0914675A patent/BRPI0914675A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114717029A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-07-08 | 湖北清合新能源科技有限公司 | Efficient antistatic gasoline additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114717029B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-10-20 | 湖北鑫悦兴能源有限公司 | Efficient antistatic gasoline additive and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2726023A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
| JP2011525215A (en) | 2011-09-15 |
| MX2010014505A (en) | 2011-02-22 |
| BRPI0914675A2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
| WO2009158449A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
| EP2138565A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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Application publication date: 20110518 |


