CN101651461A - FM signal receiving method and FM signal receiver - Google Patents
FM signal receiving method and FM signal receiver Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an FM signal receiving method. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out zero intermediate frequency conversion on a signal by a frequency mixer, i.e. the center frequency Flo of the frequency mixer and the center frequency Fs of an FM signal are the same; then, before signal demodulation, filtering the signal processed by the zero intermediate frequency conversion so as to filter out low-frequency noise. The invention also discloses an FM signal receiver for realizing the method. The center frequency Flo of the frequency mixer and the center frequency Fs of the FM signal are the same, and a filter for filtering the low-frequency noise is also arranged behind the frequency mixer. The invention has the characteristics of high image rejection, high sensitivity, high integration degree, low power consumption, and the like and greatly reduces design indexes and difficulties of modules such as a programmable gain adjuster (PGA), an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the like related to the scheme of the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio communication technology, especially a kind of FM signal acceptance method.The invention still further relates to a kind of radio communication equipment, especially a kind of FM signal receiver.
Background technology
Present FM signal receiver all adopts digital Low Medium Frequency (Low_IF) organization plan (as the 47xx series FM chip of silicon labs company, the 599x series FM chip of NXP company).Numeral Low Medium Frequency scheme have the integrated level height, easy to use, be convenient to integrated advantage.Also exist simultaneously image frequency to suppress (Image Rejection) poor performance, sensitivity is low, interference free performance is not enough and the big shortcoming of power consumption, and to the fader in the receiver (PGA), the analog to digital converter high shortcomings of analog module performance requirement such as (ADC).
The result of existing FM signal receiver as shown in Figure 1, comprise reception antenna, described reception antenna is connected to low noise amplifier (LNA), the output of low noise amplifier is divided into I, the Q two-way, every road signal passes through frequency mixer (MIXER) respectively, gain controller (PGA) and analog to digital converter (ADC) are connected to a digital signal processor (DSP) afterwards, frequency mixer down-converts the signals to intermediate frequency (Intermediate Frequency, IF), then by gain controller (PGA), analog to digital converter (ADC) give digital signal processor (I/O, DSP) handle, and the voice signal that finally by digital to analog converter (DAC) demodulation is come out (Audio Signal) is sent.Frequency synthesizer (Synthesizer) and voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) then produce the needed reference clock signal of system.
Fig. 2 and frequency transfer function (being example here) when Figure 3 shows that digital Low Medium Frequency (Low_IF) the FM FM signal receiver scheme signal down-conversion that generally adopts at present with low local oscillator.
The represented dash area of oblique solid line is input FM FM signal among Fig. 2, and its centre frequency is Fs; Tiltedly the represented shade of dotted line is image frequency (Image) part, and its centre frequency is Fim; The local oscillation signal frequency of frequency mixer (MIXER) is Flo.Medium-frequency IF=Fs-Flo then.
FM signal and the mirror image of expression after frequency mixer (MIXER) down-conversion among Fig. 3.Because mirror image suppresses (Image Rejection) performance limitations, FM signal self and image signal are understood the big end of the interior generation of each comfortable the other side's frequency range and are made an uproar.Conventional digital Low Medium Frequency scheme improves performance by designing exactly to the processing method of mirror image rejection as far as possible, and adopt intelligent intermediate frequency (Smart IF, according to mirror image noise energy height, select to adopt the scheme of low local oscillator or high local oscillator automatically), but the degree that improves is all very limited.
Such as, we suppose FM FM signal centre frequency Fs=100MHz, local oscillation signal frequency Flo=99.85MHz, and image frequency noise centre frequency Fim=99.7MHz, the signal intermediate frequency frequency IF=Fs-Flo=150KHz that then obtains after the frequency mixer down-conversion, this is the useful signal that we need.Simultaneously, frequency mixer can also be done down-converted to mirror image noise Fim,
Fim-Flo＝99.7MHz-99.85MHz＝-150KHz，
The noise centre frequency of down-conversion is-150KHz to be in outside the signal frequency bandwidth, as shown in Figure 3.
Frequency mixer mirror image rejection in the side circuit is limited, the energy of the positive and negative frequency that can not suppress is fully revealed, then the intermediate-freuqncy signal IF=Fs-Flo=150KHz that produces by signal Fs and local oscillator Flo can be leaked to-negative frequency of 150KHz on, produce back noise, shown in Fig. 3 negative frequency black shade; Simultaneously, the negative frequency signal Fim-Flo=99.7MHz-99.85MHz=-150KHz that mirror image noise Fim and local oscillator Flo produce can be leaked on the positive frequency 150KHz, shown in the black shade in Fig. 3 positive frequency IF signal.Clearly, the back noise that is produced by mirror image noise Fim overlaps (150KHz) fully with signal.
Frame of broken lines is represented among Fig. 3 is the logical transfer function characteristics F (s) of band of gain controller (PGA) and analog to digital converter (ADC), it can filtering at the image signal of negative frequency section, but the mirror image back noise filtering that clearly can not come in mixing.This will obviously reduce the sensitivity and the signal to noise ratio (snr) of receiver.Simultaneously, PGA and ADC need realize pass band filter characteristic, and this has just improved design difficulty and power consumption greatly.
Conventional digital Low Medium Frequency scheme improves performance by designing exactly to the processing method of mirror image rejection as far as possible, and adopts intelligent intermediate frequency (Smart IF) to select low local oscillator or high local oscillator automatically, but the degree that improves is all very limited.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of FM signal acceptance method, and the FM signal receiver of realizing this method, can have characteristics such as high mirror image inhibition, high sensitivity, high integration, low-power consumption, greatly reduce fader involved in the scheme (PGA), analog to digital converter Module Design index and difficulty such as (ADC) simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of FM signal acceptance method of the present invention is, the signal that antenna receives is divided into I after amplifying through low noise amplifier, the Q two-way, each road signal passes through frequency mixer respectively, carry out demodulation by a digital signal processor after gain controller and the analog to digital converter, signal after the demodulation is through being converted to voice signal after the digital to analog converter, in the described frequency mixer signal is carried out the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion, the centre frequency Flo that is frequency mixer is identical with the centre frequency Fs of FM signal, before the signal demodulation, the signal that carries out after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out filtering then, with the filtering low-frequency noise.
The present invention also provides a kind of FM signal receiver of realizing above-mentioned FM signal acceptance method, its technical scheme is, comprise reception antenna, described reception antenna is connected to low noise amplifier, the output of low noise amplifier is divided into I, the Q two-way, every road signal passes through frequency mixer respectively, be connected to a digital signal processor after gain controller and the analog to digital converter, described digital signal processor output is through connecting audio output after the digital to analog converter, the centre frequency Flo of described frequency mixer is identical with the centre frequency Fs of FM signal, also is provided with the filter of filtering low-frequency noise after the described frequency mixer.
The present invention adopts the FM signal receiver design of digital zero intermediate frequency (Digital Zero_IF) in conjunction with the come out frequency spectrum distribution characteristics of voice signal of modulating characteristic, the demodulation of FM FM signal itself.At the big difficult problem of intrinsic low-frequency noise in the digital zero if architectures, the present invention has increased filter, and make full use of the spreading gain of FM signal, on filter characteristic and output voice signal spectrum energy distribute, be optimized, guaranteed finally to demodulate the characteristics such as signal to noise ratio (snr) of signal.FM signal receiver of the present invention has finally been realized FM receiver high integration, the multiple advantage of high-performance and simplified design.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing FM signal receiver;
Fig. 2 carries out the preceding schematic diagram of Low Medium Frequency frequency conversion for the FM signal;
Fig. 3 carries out schematic diagram after the Low Medium Frequency frequency conversion for the FM signal;
Fig. 4 carries out the preceding schematic diagram of zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion for the FM signal;
Fig. 5 carries out schematic diagram after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion for the FM signal;
The schematic diagram that Fig. 6 carries out demodulation for the signal that does not carry out filtering after the frequency conversion of FM signal zero intermediate frequency;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of filtering after the frequency conversion of FM signal zero intermediate frequency;
Fig. 8 carries out the schematic diagram that filtered signal carries out demodulation for after the frequency conversion of FM signal zero intermediate frequency;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of analog filter in the FM signal receiver of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of FM signal acceptance method, the signal that antenna receives is divided into I after amplifying through low noise amplifier, the Q two-way, each road signal passes through frequency mixer respectively, carry out demodulation by a digital signal processor after gain controller and the analog to digital converter, signal after the demodulation is through being converted to voice signal after the digital to analog converter, in the described frequency mixer signal is carried out the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion, the centre frequency Flo that is frequency mixer is identical with the centre frequency Fs of FM signal, before the signal demodulation, the signal that carries out after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out filtering then, with the filtering low-frequency noise.
Signal after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out the mode that digital filtering is adopted in filtering, in described digital signal processor, carry out.
Signal after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out the mode that analog filtering is adopted in filtering, before signal enters described digital signal processor, carry out.
As shown in Figure 4, tiltedly the solid line dash area is with being input FM FM signal, and its centre frequency is Fs; Tiltedly the dotted line dash area is represented the noise of low frequency (centre frequency is Fn1) and high frequency (centre frequency is Fn2) respectively; Frequency mixer (MIXER) centre frequency is Flo, and Flo=Fs.
FM FM signal and the noise of expression after frequency mixer (MIXER) down-conversion among Fig. 5.Owing to adopted digital zero intermediate frequency (Zero_IF), mirror image is compared with existing Low Medium Frequency frequency conversion mode shown in Figure 3 with Fig. 2 for input FM signal self, greatly reduces the mirror image back noise that the restriction of mirror image rejection is introduced.Simultaneously, as shown in Figure 5,, all can not produce and disturb signal self no matter be low frequency (Fn1) noise or high frequency (Fn2) noise.
Such as, we still suppose FM FM signal centre frequency Fs=100MHz, then local oscillation signal frequency Flo=Fs=100MHz.We suppose that noise all exists at the high and low of signal frequency, is respectively Fn1, Fn2.After then passing through frequency mixer, the centre frequency IF=Fs-Flo=0 of signal Fs, and noise Fn1, Fn2 become Fn1-Flo ≠ 0 and Fn2-Flo ≠ 0 respectively through frequency mixer rear center frequency.Clearly, noise and signal separate fully, as shown in Figure 5.
Equally because the restriction of mixer mirror image rejection can exist local oscillator to reveal, then the noise energy of down-conversion can appear at respectively-(Fn1-Flo) and-(Fn2-Flo) on these two frequencies.Because Flo ≠ Fn1 ≠ Fn2, noise energy can not appear on the signal center frequency 0Hz all the time but clearly.Therefore, compare with Fig. 3, this scheme has been eliminated the noise that the mirror image inhibition is introduced naturally.
Frame of broken lines is represented the transfer function characteristics F (s) of gain controller (PGA) and analog to digital converter (ADC) among Fig. 5, and its frequency transfer function is low-pass filter characteristic, greatly reduces design difficulty and power consumption, has improved performance.
But zero intermediate frequency is not have cost fully, the low-frequency noise (as 1/f noise) of device and module (as PGA, ADC) self can be incorporated in down-conversion in the FM FM signal of zero-frequency in the lump, as shown in Figure 6, and limited by integrated circuit technology, this low-frequency noise is difficult to reduce, through existing after the demodulation in the voice signal (Audio Signal) with final output, greatly reduce the demodulation signal-to-noise ratio of voice signals (SNR) of coming out.
The present invention is for eliminating this low-frequency noise, increase by one and be specifically designed to the direct current band stop filter (DC Notch Filter) of eliminating this low-frequency noise, its transfer function is Fd (s), to doing Filtering Processing through the low-frequency noise in the FM FM signal after frequency mixer (MIXER) down-conversion, its filtering as shown in Figure 7.Expressing clearly among the figure is not only low-frequency noise, and the low frequency part energy of FM FM signal also can be by filtering simultaneously.
Figure 8 shows that with direct current band stop filter (DC Notch Filter) and eliminated the spectral characteristic that the FM signal after the low-frequency noise carries out demodulation.The voice signal that demodulation is come out can lose the low frequency part energy naturally.
The frequency modulation of common FM FM signal is between 22.5KHz～65KHz, and the voice signal frequency range that demodulation is come out itself just is limited in 300Hz～15KHz with interior (frequency range that the ordinary people sounds), so the FM FM signal self has bigger spreading gain.According to this rule, under the unattenuated situation of 300Hz low frequency voice signal after the assurance FM demodulation, the modulation depth of self adaptation FM signal is carried out maximized filtering to the FM FM signal low frequency part of down-conversion, just can realize simultaneously that speech signal energy do not lose and eliminated the noise function.Simultaneously, increase PGA and ADC input pipe size, also can reduce the low-frequency noise that itself produces.
The present invention also provides a kind of FM signal receiver of realizing above-mentioned FM signal acceptance method, comprise reception antenna, described reception antenna is connected to low noise amplifier, the output of low noise amplifier is divided into I, the Q two-way, every road signal passes through frequency mixer respectively, be connected to a digital signal processor after gain controller and the analog to digital converter, described digital signal processor output is through connecting audio output after the digital to analog converter, the centre frequency Flo of described frequency mixer is identical with the centre frequency Fs of FM signal, also is provided with the filter of filtering low-frequency noise after the described frequency mixer.
Described filter is integrated in the described digital signal processor, carries out digital filtering by described digital signal processor.
Described filter is positioned at described gain controller, as shown in Figure 9, the feedback amplifier that the output of described gain controller A is Gm by a gain is connected to the input of described gain controller, and the output of described feedback amplifier is also by a capacitor C ground connection.
In sum, the present invention adopts the FM signal receiver design of digital zero intermediate frequency (Digital Zero_IF) in conjunction with the come out frequency spectrum distribution characteristics of voice signal of modulating characteristic, the demodulation of FM FM signal itself.At the big difficult problem of intrinsic low-frequency noise in the digital zero if architectures, the present invention has increased filter, and make full use of the spreading gain of FM signal, on filter characteristic and output voice signal spectrum energy distribute, be optimized, guaranteed finally to demodulate the characteristics such as signal to noise ratio (snr) of signal.FM signal receiver of the present invention has finally been realized FM receiver high integration, the multiple advantage of high-performance and simplified design.
Claims (6)
1. FM signal acceptance method, the signal that antenna receives is divided into I after amplifying through low noise amplifier, the Q two-way, each road signal passes through frequency mixer respectively, carry out demodulation by a digital signal processor after gain controller and the analog to digital converter, signal after the demodulation is through being converted to voice signal after the digital to analog converter, it is characterized in that, in the described frequency mixer signal is carried out the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion, the centre frequency Flo that is frequency mixer is identical with the centre frequency Fs of FM signal, before the signal demodulation, the signal that carries out after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out filtering then, with the filtering low-frequency noise.
2. FM signal acceptance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the signal after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out the mode that digital filtering is adopted in filtering, carries out in described digital signal processor.
3. FM signal acceptance method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the signal after the zero intermediate frequency frequency conversion is carried out the mode that analog filtering is adopted in filtering, carries out before signal enters described digital signal processor.
4. the FM signal receiver of any described FM signal acceptance method in realization such as the claim 1～3, comprise reception antenna, described reception antenna is connected to low noise amplifier, the output of low noise amplifier is divided into I, the Q two-way, every road signal passes through frequency mixer respectively, be connected to a digital signal processor after gain controller and the analog to digital converter, described digital signal processor output is through connecting audio output after the digital to analog converter, it is characterized in that, the centre frequency Flo of described frequency mixer is identical with the centre frequency Fs of FM signal, also is provided with the filter of filtering low-frequency noise after the described frequency mixer.
5. FM signal receiver according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described filter is integrated in the described digital signal processor, carries out digital filtering by described digital signal processor.
6. FM signal receiver according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described filter is positioned at described gain controller, the output of described gain controller is connected to the input of described gain controller by a feedback amplifier, and the output of described feedback amplifier is also by a capacity earth.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102300061A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 北京创毅视讯科技有限公司 | Method and device for removing redundant signal and tuning device |
| CN105933014A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-09-07 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | Signal transmitting system and method for terminal device and the terminal device |
| CN115348139A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-11-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Modulation Recognition Method Based on Cascade Feature Fusion and Multi-level Classification |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1706107A (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2005-12-07 | 托马兹技术有限公司 | Multimode receiver |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1706107A (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2005-12-07 | 托马兹技术有限公司 | Multimode receiver |
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| 王自强等: "无线接收机结构设计", 《微电子学》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102300061A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 北京创毅视讯科技有限公司 | Method and device for removing redundant signal and tuning device |
| CN105933014A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-09-07 | 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 | Signal transmitting system and method for terminal device and the terminal device |
| CN115348139A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-11-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Modulation Recognition Method Based on Cascade Feature Fusion and Multi-level Classification |
| CN115348139B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Modulation identification method based on cascade feature fusion and multi-stage classification |
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