CA2140040A1 - Single rising heating and cooling system - Google Patents
Single rising heating and cooling systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA2140040A1 CA2140040A1 CA002140040A CA2140040A CA2140040A1 CA 2140040 A1 CA2140040 A1 CA 2140040A1 CA 002140040 A CA002140040 A CA 002140040A CA 2140040 A CA2140040 A CA 2140040A CA 2140040 A1 CA2140040 A1 CA 2140040A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- plenum
- secondary heat
- aperture
- hand
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
- F24D5/06—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems operating without discharge of hot air into the space or area to be heated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F2012/007—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using a by-pass for bypassing the heat-exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
A retrofit secondary heat exchanger adapted to transfer heat from a heat supply line into an airflow stream, which flows into ambience space in which the secondary heat exchanger is located comprising a generally vertical oriented longitudinal housing defining an internal plenum, an inflow airstream aperture at a lower elevation, an outflow airstream aperture at a higher elevation, a heat exchanger coil, mounted in the upper regions of the plenum, communicating with the heat supply line, on the one hand and a circulating pump on the other hand; and, fan means located within the plenum adapted for moving ambient air into the air inflow aperture, over the heat exchanger coil, and out the outflow airstream aperture. In a variation of the secondary heat exchanger, a cooling circuit is also included and this requires the utilization of a three-way flow valve.
Description
2~0~40 SINGLE RISING HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM
This invention relates to a heat exchanger for use, primarily in domestic living space.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Various heat exchangers have been suggested in the prior art as well as circuits for conveying a heat transfer medium from exchanger to exchanger.
It is known according to Mensing in U.S.A. Patent No.
2,099,310 issued 16 November, 1937, for a HEAT EXCHANGE
SYSTEM that a single liquid return pipe can be used with a common flow pipe and circulating pipe forming a media circulating loop. This loop is connected to a boiler and hot water flows into this loop. The loop, supply branches feed secondary heat exchangers which are located in the domestic living space. By flowing the flow through the loop, a constant flow volume is achieved, hence, the temperature drops between boiler and each of the secondary heat exchangers is reduced, thereby improving heat sufficiency.
In the preferred embodiment of Mensing, the circulation loop is at the highest elevation and the water flow from boiler goes to the loop at the highest elevation and then by gravity, flows down through the branch supply system into and out of the heat secondary exchangers within the branch supply to the return pipe. The secondary heat exchangers are radiators and the like.
For the purposes of this disclosure, we define the primary heat exchanger as that which converts fuel into a primary heat source, for instance/ a boiler or the like which itself heats a heat conveying medium, like water or steam or the like, the latter of which is Gonveyed by appropriate means to a site distant from the location of the primary heat exchanger; the media flows through a secondary heat exchanger which is located within an ambient environment to transfer heat to the ambient space.
21~004~
THE INVENTION
I have conceived, in one aspect, of a secondary heat exchanger which, in its preferred embodiment, is a retrofit placed in the living space or ambient space replacing existing heat exchangers such as radiators and the like which have become corroded or whose heat exchanging efficiency has been substantially reduced or where it becomes worthwhile to replace the old secondary heat exchanger with a new (secondary~ exchanger, according to the invention.
In another aspect, my invention employs a single riser through which water flows, upward through the riser for heating, as will be described. A pump drives liquid out of a boiler (primary heat exchanger) into a supply line and thence, into a single upriser which is collected and returned to the boiler for reheating. Where, because there are a plurality of spatially disposed space areas to be heated on each of different floors or elevational levels, then there may be one or a family of vertical uprisers and these respectively are connected to a lower horizontal supply line or loop and to an upper horizontal collection line or loop, each respectively communicating to the boiler for conveying the heating media flow through the uprisers.
The heating media, generally water, is driven by a pump so that the flow through the uprisers is generally from lower elevation to an upper elevation, but in some applications, the boiler may be on the roof, hence, the flow is reversed.
on each upriser, at various elevations along the uprisers Gommunicate to one or more (secondary) heat exchangers diverting the flow of water through the upriser to flow into the secondary heat exchanger heating the ambient space in which that secondary heat exchanger is located and then to return the flow back into the upriser for its onward, and normally upward flow for diversion into or through the next heat exchanger located after the next upper elevation from that of the first, and so on.
The invention also contemplates, where there are a plurality of secondary heat exchangers to be located at the same elevation and a plurality of elevations to be serviced, that there can be a single lower feed line and a single upper return line, both communicating with the boiler, the feed line and return lines respectively interconnected through uprising loops, the loops each having branches which communicate to a plurality of vertically disposed heat exchangers/ one at each elevation of the looped upriser. In such configuration there are parallel families of looped uprisers, or at least families of looped uprisers..
In each upriser, is a secondary heat exchanger unit located in the living space, or ambient space which, on demand, causes water flowing in the upriser to be diverted and to flow through this secondary heat exchanger to transfer heat, by forced air, into the ambient room of the domestic space. The water flows back into the riser and returns to the boiler for re-heating.
In another embodiment, when summer conditions prevail, the boiler is turned off and a chiller unit may be mounted in the return loop and the liquid circulation reversed so that the cooling medium flows downwardly through the return line, down the family of uprisers into the secondary heat exchangers, thence, into the feed loop through to the boiler, or preferably bypassed around the boiler by convenient means.
In a yet further embodiment, and in its first aspect/ a novel heat exchanger unit further consists of a single three-way valve within the heating upriser flow, which on demand, opens to allow heating media such as heated water to flow into the secondary heat exchanger contained within the novel exchanger and then back into the riser. The secondary heat exchanger is fitted with a blower fan which moves ambient air over a primary exchanger (normally a coil within the secondary heat exchanger), whereby the ambient air of the ambient space is heated. When the valve is rotated closed, it isolates the riser and no further heat is fed into the primary exchanger ~f the secondary heat exchanger.
In yet a further emhodiment, the secondary heat exchanger contemplates a secondary exchanger therein 214004~
communicating to a second independent cooling circuit which is driven by a compressor-condenser, which cools a cooling media flowing through this second independent cooling circuit. This embodiment of secondary heat exchanger incorporates a three-way valve which controls the circulation of media flow through the primary exchanger, either allowing direct heating media flow to flow through the primary exchanger from the heating media in the uprisers, or alternatively turning the flow off, and to cause the secondary cooling media to pass between the primary exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the secondary heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger having its opposite side connected and communicating to the second independent cooling circuit. Rotating the valve into one position or the other causes the secondary cooling media to flow through the primary exchanger or alternatively, the heatihg media or further alternatively, neither of them.
The invention therefore contemplates a secondary heat exchanger adapted to transfer heat from a heat supply line into an airflow stream, which flows into ambience space in which the secondary heat exchanger is located comprising a generally vertical oriented longitudinal housing defining an internal plenum, an inflow airstream aperture at a lower elevation, an outflow airstream aperture at a higher elevation and a heat exchanger coil, mounted in the upper regions of the plenum, communicating with the heat supply line, on the one hand and a circulating pump on the other hand, and, fan means located within the plenum adapted for moving ambient air into the air inflow aperture, over the heat exchanger coil, and out the outflow airstream aperture.
Additionally, the heat exchanger includes an electro-mechanical valve communicating with the heat supply line and making electrical communication to a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulating pump and fan and for turning the valve, fan and pump on at a pre-determined temperature and for turning them off at a higher pre-determined temperature.
21~00~0 An alternative embodiment rather than having an electro-mechanical valve, a three-way valve is utilized and this requires that a second heat exchanger be mounted in the lower regions of the plenum communicating to a cold media flow circuit on the one hand and to a port of a three-way electro-mechanical valve selectively communicating to the heat supply line on the one hand, and to the heat exchanger coil (b) on the other; and, a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulation pump and fan and for turning the fan and pump on, and the three-way electro-mechanical valve to open into communication between each supply line and the circulating pump on the one hand, or alternatively, to the secondary heat exchanger and pump on the other hand depending upon the demand for cooling or heating. In this embodiment, the second heat exchanger is in fact an enclosed plenum and preferably insulated so as to isolate the cold media flow from the water flow save and except within the second heat exchanger itself wherein the proximity of the two flows causes cooling exchange between the cooling media flow and the water flow.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described by way of example and reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a single supply and, return heating system with looped stack, according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a circuit flow diagram of a loop, supply and return, according to the invention with a family of interconnecting single risers between each loop;
Figure 3 is a perspective, partially broken away, of the secondary heat exchangers of Figures 1 and 2 having a single first heat exchanger with the blower which passes ambient air over the first heat exchanger; according to the invention, having but one heat exchanger, with a blower which passes ambient air over the exchanger.
Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a variant of the secondary heat exchanger of Figure 2, while Figure 4a is a partial perspective view of the physical layout of the components of the variant heat exchanger of Figure ~.
Figure 5 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of a closed second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a cold media flow and a water flow of the variant of the secondary heat exchanger of Figures ~ and 4a.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Figure 1, a boiler (10) has a supply line generally shown as (11) and a pump (12) therein so as to drive heated water out of the boiler (10) through the supply line (11). A return line (13) returns cold water to the boiler (10) for re-heating.
Between the supply line (12) and return line (13) are a family of single stack supply loops, generally shown as (15) or alternatively, just a single uprising supply stack (16).
The arrows on the stacks (15) and (16) and supply and feed lines (11) and (13) show the water flow.
At each of different elevations (El), and (E2), which are synonymous for floors, in an apartment building or the like, there may be one or more heat exchangers, generally shown as (20). In the particular Figure 1, only one heat exchanger (20) is shown at elevation (El), three heat exchangers (20) at elevation (E2). For purposes of clarity , no heat exchangers are shown on loop (l52), but they should be implied. On the single riser (16), shown, is one heat exchanger (20l6) at elevation (E2).
In a similar fashion and referring to Figure 2, the supply line is in the form of a loop (11') while the return line is in the form of a loop (13'). Each loop (11') and (13') connects by a looped feed line (112) or (113), respectively, to the boiler (10).
In operation, the boiler (10) heats the media within the pipes, preferably water, and the same is pumped out of the furnace (10) by pump (12) through a feed line (111) to feed loop (11') up each the respective single risers (16) to the collection loop (13'), thence, to the collection line (113) back to the boiler for re-heating. As the fluid flows 21~00~
through each single supply stack ( 16 ), it may enter into secondary heat exchanger (20) on demand by that heat exchanger, that heat exchanger located in the ambient space of each unit which is to be heated.
Referring to Figure 3, the secondary heat exchanger (20) is cabinet (200) in which there is a heat exchanging coil (21~, an inflow line (16L) which is connected to the stack ( 16 ) or loop (15), at an elevation which is lower than the output flow line (161) emanating from the heat exchanging coil (21), the emanation point of the output flow lines (160) being at an elevation below that of the inflow line (16~) to the coil (21).
The flow through the heat exchanger (20) is controlled by a pump (23), which is activated by a thermostat (T~, which also activates blower fan (22) which is positioned beneath the heat exchanging coil (21) so as to ambient air over the coil (21) whereby heat is exchanged into the ambient air and heating occurs. The thermostat (T) is also electrically connected, preferably, to an isolation valve (24~ which when heat is called is activated on and can be, as those skilled in the art would now appreciate, a solenoid operated flow valve. On demand of the thermostat, the valve (24) opens and the pump (23) starts, as well as the blower fan (22), water flows from the stack (16) through the intake pipes (16.) up to the top o~ the coil (21), through the coil (21) to the bottom thereof and out the bottom through output flow channel (160) back into the stack (16).
The physical layout of the exchanger is shown in Figure 3 consisting of a metal cabinet (200) housing the components of the secondary heat exchanger (20). At the highest internal elevation, and in an inclined fashion, is the first heat exchanger coil (21) with Vortex blower fan (22) below it driving a current of air over the coils (21) so as to drive off, to the ambient room, the heat that is in the 3~ coil.
With the secondary heat exchanger of Figure 3, the same, if employed within a flow circuit as shown in Figure 2, can also provide cooling in the following fashion. A
2~00~0 chiller (C) is added to the upper loop (13') and, although only shown with one lead line to the loop (13'), it would have two lead lines so that the flow flows into the chiller wherein the water media within the flow lines is cooled and then returned down the return stack (113). I prefer, and as shown in phantom, is a bypass valve (V): the flow bypass the boiler (10) and the pump (12) drives the cooled liquid in a similar fashion, as earlier described into all of the heat exchangers (20). The heat exchangers (20) operate in the same fashion but cooling is provided to the ambient environment of each of these exchangers. The thermostat (T), calls for cooling as required.
A better mode of accomplishing cooling and heating and now referring to Figures 4, 4a and 5, a variant heat exchanger (420) includes the components of the secondary heat exchanger (20) with the solenoid valve (24) replaced by a three-way valve (424). For greater convenience, it is easier to refer to the circuit diagram of Figure 4 from which it will be seen that the single riser (16) feeds into the inflow line (16i) and directly to the pump (23) which pumps the heated media or water through the secondary heat exchanger coil (21) to exit as flow line (16X) to the three-way valve (424) which is controlled by the thermostat (T).
When activated, for the calling of heat, the three-way valve communicates the inflow line (16~) directly to the outflow line (160) at an elevation which is above that of the inflow line (16$) and back to the single rising stack (16) for flowing heat to the next elevation (Ex). When heat is called, the thermostat (T) not only activates the three-way valve (424) into the position just aforesaid noted, but activates the pump (23) and the blower (22) which blows ambient air from the room over the coils (21) into the room again as heated airstream (25).
For cooling, thermostat (T) drives the three-way valve (24) into a flow communications link with an enclosed second heat exchanger (30), physically located within the secondary heat exchanger (420) and severs communication with the stack (16). The second heat exchanger (30) defines a plenum (30') 21~00~
with two flow loops, a refrigerant flow loop (41), in juxtaposition with and a water flow loop (31). The refrigerant loop (41) communicates with a compressor condenser (40) through the circuit line (41), as shown, and exchanges a coolant, or refrigerant, across the plenum 30' to cool water in the flow lines (30O and 31l). It operates in the following fashion. When the thermostat ~T) requires "coolant", the three-way valve (424) opens to communicate the secondary coil (21) of the second heat exchanger (30), and to a coolant internal flow line (31') which conveys water to the first heat exchanger coils (21) via pump (23), which is activated by the thermostat (T); the flow exits to the first heat exchanger coils (21) into flow line (16y) through the three-way valve to the opposite side (30O) of the second heat exchanger (30). Hence through the exchanger (30), where the water is cooled, it flows back to pump (23) and then onward again to the coil (21). Referring to figure 4a the compressor condenser (40), which is a freon-type unit, is preferably located on a balcony or the like, on the outside of a wall (W) to the ambient space and is connected, as a cold media flow circuit via the flow lines (41) directly to the second heat exchanger (30) which is in Figure 5 and is an insulated plenum (30'), having looped or sinusoidal piping for the cooling circuit (41) and for the independent water circuit (31) each of which are adjacently juxtaposed, as shown in that figure. Heat exchanges between the two circuits within this sub-plenum (30') so that the water circuit (31) is chilled and this chilled water flows to the coil (21) for thermal exchange with the ambient air passing over the same as flow (25).
Figure ~a is a representation, partially broken away, of the physical layout of the constituent components of the secondary heat exchanger (420) showing the common heating and cooling coils (21) and, at the lowest elevation, the sealed and insulated second heat exchanger (30).
Figure 5 is partially broken away perspective view of the second heat exchanger (30) illustrating the two flow cirGults (41) and (31) respectively. The same is insulated 2 ~ 4a with insulation (I) but the space between the adjacent circuit flow is just space therefore a plenum.
This invention relates to a heat exchanger for use, primarily in domestic living space.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Various heat exchangers have been suggested in the prior art as well as circuits for conveying a heat transfer medium from exchanger to exchanger.
It is known according to Mensing in U.S.A. Patent No.
2,099,310 issued 16 November, 1937, for a HEAT EXCHANGE
SYSTEM that a single liquid return pipe can be used with a common flow pipe and circulating pipe forming a media circulating loop. This loop is connected to a boiler and hot water flows into this loop. The loop, supply branches feed secondary heat exchangers which are located in the domestic living space. By flowing the flow through the loop, a constant flow volume is achieved, hence, the temperature drops between boiler and each of the secondary heat exchangers is reduced, thereby improving heat sufficiency.
In the preferred embodiment of Mensing, the circulation loop is at the highest elevation and the water flow from boiler goes to the loop at the highest elevation and then by gravity, flows down through the branch supply system into and out of the heat secondary exchangers within the branch supply to the return pipe. The secondary heat exchangers are radiators and the like.
For the purposes of this disclosure, we define the primary heat exchanger as that which converts fuel into a primary heat source, for instance/ a boiler or the like which itself heats a heat conveying medium, like water or steam or the like, the latter of which is Gonveyed by appropriate means to a site distant from the location of the primary heat exchanger; the media flows through a secondary heat exchanger which is located within an ambient environment to transfer heat to the ambient space.
21~004~
THE INVENTION
I have conceived, in one aspect, of a secondary heat exchanger which, in its preferred embodiment, is a retrofit placed in the living space or ambient space replacing existing heat exchangers such as radiators and the like which have become corroded or whose heat exchanging efficiency has been substantially reduced or where it becomes worthwhile to replace the old secondary heat exchanger with a new (secondary~ exchanger, according to the invention.
In another aspect, my invention employs a single riser through which water flows, upward through the riser for heating, as will be described. A pump drives liquid out of a boiler (primary heat exchanger) into a supply line and thence, into a single upriser which is collected and returned to the boiler for reheating. Where, because there are a plurality of spatially disposed space areas to be heated on each of different floors or elevational levels, then there may be one or a family of vertical uprisers and these respectively are connected to a lower horizontal supply line or loop and to an upper horizontal collection line or loop, each respectively communicating to the boiler for conveying the heating media flow through the uprisers.
The heating media, generally water, is driven by a pump so that the flow through the uprisers is generally from lower elevation to an upper elevation, but in some applications, the boiler may be on the roof, hence, the flow is reversed.
on each upriser, at various elevations along the uprisers Gommunicate to one or more (secondary) heat exchangers diverting the flow of water through the upriser to flow into the secondary heat exchanger heating the ambient space in which that secondary heat exchanger is located and then to return the flow back into the upriser for its onward, and normally upward flow for diversion into or through the next heat exchanger located after the next upper elevation from that of the first, and so on.
The invention also contemplates, where there are a plurality of secondary heat exchangers to be located at the same elevation and a plurality of elevations to be serviced, that there can be a single lower feed line and a single upper return line, both communicating with the boiler, the feed line and return lines respectively interconnected through uprising loops, the loops each having branches which communicate to a plurality of vertically disposed heat exchangers/ one at each elevation of the looped upriser. In such configuration there are parallel families of looped uprisers, or at least families of looped uprisers..
In each upriser, is a secondary heat exchanger unit located in the living space, or ambient space which, on demand, causes water flowing in the upriser to be diverted and to flow through this secondary heat exchanger to transfer heat, by forced air, into the ambient room of the domestic space. The water flows back into the riser and returns to the boiler for re-heating.
In another embodiment, when summer conditions prevail, the boiler is turned off and a chiller unit may be mounted in the return loop and the liquid circulation reversed so that the cooling medium flows downwardly through the return line, down the family of uprisers into the secondary heat exchangers, thence, into the feed loop through to the boiler, or preferably bypassed around the boiler by convenient means.
In a yet further embodiment, and in its first aspect/ a novel heat exchanger unit further consists of a single three-way valve within the heating upriser flow, which on demand, opens to allow heating media such as heated water to flow into the secondary heat exchanger contained within the novel exchanger and then back into the riser. The secondary heat exchanger is fitted with a blower fan which moves ambient air over a primary exchanger (normally a coil within the secondary heat exchanger), whereby the ambient air of the ambient space is heated. When the valve is rotated closed, it isolates the riser and no further heat is fed into the primary exchanger ~f the secondary heat exchanger.
In yet a further emhodiment, the secondary heat exchanger contemplates a secondary exchanger therein 214004~
communicating to a second independent cooling circuit which is driven by a compressor-condenser, which cools a cooling media flowing through this second independent cooling circuit. This embodiment of secondary heat exchanger incorporates a three-way valve which controls the circulation of media flow through the primary exchanger, either allowing direct heating media flow to flow through the primary exchanger from the heating media in the uprisers, or alternatively turning the flow off, and to cause the secondary cooling media to pass between the primary exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the secondary heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger having its opposite side connected and communicating to the second independent cooling circuit. Rotating the valve into one position or the other causes the secondary cooling media to flow through the primary exchanger or alternatively, the heatihg media or further alternatively, neither of them.
The invention therefore contemplates a secondary heat exchanger adapted to transfer heat from a heat supply line into an airflow stream, which flows into ambience space in which the secondary heat exchanger is located comprising a generally vertical oriented longitudinal housing defining an internal plenum, an inflow airstream aperture at a lower elevation, an outflow airstream aperture at a higher elevation and a heat exchanger coil, mounted in the upper regions of the plenum, communicating with the heat supply line, on the one hand and a circulating pump on the other hand, and, fan means located within the plenum adapted for moving ambient air into the air inflow aperture, over the heat exchanger coil, and out the outflow airstream aperture.
Additionally, the heat exchanger includes an electro-mechanical valve communicating with the heat supply line and making electrical communication to a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulating pump and fan and for turning the valve, fan and pump on at a pre-determined temperature and for turning them off at a higher pre-determined temperature.
21~00~0 An alternative embodiment rather than having an electro-mechanical valve, a three-way valve is utilized and this requires that a second heat exchanger be mounted in the lower regions of the plenum communicating to a cold media flow circuit on the one hand and to a port of a three-way electro-mechanical valve selectively communicating to the heat supply line on the one hand, and to the heat exchanger coil (b) on the other; and, a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulation pump and fan and for turning the fan and pump on, and the three-way electro-mechanical valve to open into communication between each supply line and the circulating pump on the one hand, or alternatively, to the secondary heat exchanger and pump on the other hand depending upon the demand for cooling or heating. In this embodiment, the second heat exchanger is in fact an enclosed plenum and preferably insulated so as to isolate the cold media flow from the water flow save and except within the second heat exchanger itself wherein the proximity of the two flows causes cooling exchange between the cooling media flow and the water flow.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described by way of example and reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a single supply and, return heating system with looped stack, according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a circuit flow diagram of a loop, supply and return, according to the invention with a family of interconnecting single risers between each loop;
Figure 3 is a perspective, partially broken away, of the secondary heat exchangers of Figures 1 and 2 having a single first heat exchanger with the blower which passes ambient air over the first heat exchanger; according to the invention, having but one heat exchanger, with a blower which passes ambient air over the exchanger.
Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a variant of the secondary heat exchanger of Figure 2, while Figure 4a is a partial perspective view of the physical layout of the components of the variant heat exchanger of Figure ~.
Figure 5 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of a closed second heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a cold media flow and a water flow of the variant of the secondary heat exchanger of Figures ~ and 4a.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Figure 1, a boiler (10) has a supply line generally shown as (11) and a pump (12) therein so as to drive heated water out of the boiler (10) through the supply line (11). A return line (13) returns cold water to the boiler (10) for re-heating.
Between the supply line (12) and return line (13) are a family of single stack supply loops, generally shown as (15) or alternatively, just a single uprising supply stack (16).
The arrows on the stacks (15) and (16) and supply and feed lines (11) and (13) show the water flow.
At each of different elevations (El), and (E2), which are synonymous for floors, in an apartment building or the like, there may be one or more heat exchangers, generally shown as (20). In the particular Figure 1, only one heat exchanger (20) is shown at elevation (El), three heat exchangers (20) at elevation (E2). For purposes of clarity , no heat exchangers are shown on loop (l52), but they should be implied. On the single riser (16), shown, is one heat exchanger (20l6) at elevation (E2).
In a similar fashion and referring to Figure 2, the supply line is in the form of a loop (11') while the return line is in the form of a loop (13'). Each loop (11') and (13') connects by a looped feed line (112) or (113), respectively, to the boiler (10).
In operation, the boiler (10) heats the media within the pipes, preferably water, and the same is pumped out of the furnace (10) by pump (12) through a feed line (111) to feed loop (11') up each the respective single risers (16) to the collection loop (13'), thence, to the collection line (113) back to the boiler for re-heating. As the fluid flows 21~00~
through each single supply stack ( 16 ), it may enter into secondary heat exchanger (20) on demand by that heat exchanger, that heat exchanger located in the ambient space of each unit which is to be heated.
Referring to Figure 3, the secondary heat exchanger (20) is cabinet (200) in which there is a heat exchanging coil (21~, an inflow line (16L) which is connected to the stack ( 16 ) or loop (15), at an elevation which is lower than the output flow line (161) emanating from the heat exchanging coil (21), the emanation point of the output flow lines (160) being at an elevation below that of the inflow line (16~) to the coil (21).
The flow through the heat exchanger (20) is controlled by a pump (23), which is activated by a thermostat (T~, which also activates blower fan (22) which is positioned beneath the heat exchanging coil (21) so as to ambient air over the coil (21) whereby heat is exchanged into the ambient air and heating occurs. The thermostat (T) is also electrically connected, preferably, to an isolation valve (24~ which when heat is called is activated on and can be, as those skilled in the art would now appreciate, a solenoid operated flow valve. On demand of the thermostat, the valve (24) opens and the pump (23) starts, as well as the blower fan (22), water flows from the stack (16) through the intake pipes (16.) up to the top o~ the coil (21), through the coil (21) to the bottom thereof and out the bottom through output flow channel (160) back into the stack (16).
The physical layout of the exchanger is shown in Figure 3 consisting of a metal cabinet (200) housing the components of the secondary heat exchanger (20). At the highest internal elevation, and in an inclined fashion, is the first heat exchanger coil (21) with Vortex blower fan (22) below it driving a current of air over the coils (21) so as to drive off, to the ambient room, the heat that is in the 3~ coil.
With the secondary heat exchanger of Figure 3, the same, if employed within a flow circuit as shown in Figure 2, can also provide cooling in the following fashion. A
2~00~0 chiller (C) is added to the upper loop (13') and, although only shown with one lead line to the loop (13'), it would have two lead lines so that the flow flows into the chiller wherein the water media within the flow lines is cooled and then returned down the return stack (113). I prefer, and as shown in phantom, is a bypass valve (V): the flow bypass the boiler (10) and the pump (12) drives the cooled liquid in a similar fashion, as earlier described into all of the heat exchangers (20). The heat exchangers (20) operate in the same fashion but cooling is provided to the ambient environment of each of these exchangers. The thermostat (T), calls for cooling as required.
A better mode of accomplishing cooling and heating and now referring to Figures 4, 4a and 5, a variant heat exchanger (420) includes the components of the secondary heat exchanger (20) with the solenoid valve (24) replaced by a three-way valve (424). For greater convenience, it is easier to refer to the circuit diagram of Figure 4 from which it will be seen that the single riser (16) feeds into the inflow line (16i) and directly to the pump (23) which pumps the heated media or water through the secondary heat exchanger coil (21) to exit as flow line (16X) to the three-way valve (424) which is controlled by the thermostat (T).
When activated, for the calling of heat, the three-way valve communicates the inflow line (16~) directly to the outflow line (160) at an elevation which is above that of the inflow line (16$) and back to the single rising stack (16) for flowing heat to the next elevation (Ex). When heat is called, the thermostat (T) not only activates the three-way valve (424) into the position just aforesaid noted, but activates the pump (23) and the blower (22) which blows ambient air from the room over the coils (21) into the room again as heated airstream (25).
For cooling, thermostat (T) drives the three-way valve (24) into a flow communications link with an enclosed second heat exchanger (30), physically located within the secondary heat exchanger (420) and severs communication with the stack (16). The second heat exchanger (30) defines a plenum (30') 21~00~
with two flow loops, a refrigerant flow loop (41), in juxtaposition with and a water flow loop (31). The refrigerant loop (41) communicates with a compressor condenser (40) through the circuit line (41), as shown, and exchanges a coolant, or refrigerant, across the plenum 30' to cool water in the flow lines (30O and 31l). It operates in the following fashion. When the thermostat ~T) requires "coolant", the three-way valve (424) opens to communicate the secondary coil (21) of the second heat exchanger (30), and to a coolant internal flow line (31') which conveys water to the first heat exchanger coils (21) via pump (23), which is activated by the thermostat (T); the flow exits to the first heat exchanger coils (21) into flow line (16y) through the three-way valve to the opposite side (30O) of the second heat exchanger (30). Hence through the exchanger (30), where the water is cooled, it flows back to pump (23) and then onward again to the coil (21). Referring to figure 4a the compressor condenser (40), which is a freon-type unit, is preferably located on a balcony or the like, on the outside of a wall (W) to the ambient space and is connected, as a cold media flow circuit via the flow lines (41) directly to the second heat exchanger (30) which is in Figure 5 and is an insulated plenum (30'), having looped or sinusoidal piping for the cooling circuit (41) and for the independent water circuit (31) each of which are adjacently juxtaposed, as shown in that figure. Heat exchanges between the two circuits within this sub-plenum (30') so that the water circuit (31) is chilled and this chilled water flows to the coil (21) for thermal exchange with the ambient air passing over the same as flow (25).
Figure ~a is a representation, partially broken away, of the physical layout of the constituent components of the secondary heat exchanger (420) showing the common heating and cooling coils (21) and, at the lowest elevation, the sealed and insulated second heat exchanger (30).
Figure 5 is partially broken away perspective view of the second heat exchanger (30) illustrating the two flow cirGults (41) and (31) respectively. The same is insulated 2 ~ 4a with insulation (I) but the space between the adjacent circuit flow is just space therefore a plenum.
Claims (5)
1. A secondary heat exchanger adapted to transfer heat from a heat supply line into an airflow stream, which flows into ambience space in which the secondary heat exchanger is located comprising:
(a) a generally vertical oriented longitudinal housing defining:
(i) an internal plenum;
(ii) an inflow airstream aperture at a lower elevation, (iii) an outflow airstream aperture at a higher elevation;
(b) a heat exchanger coil, mounted in the upper regions of the plenum, communicating with;
(c) the heat supply line, on the one hand and, (d) a circulating pump on the other hand; and, (e) fan means located within the plenum adapted for moving ambient air into the air inflow aperture, over the heat exchanger coil, and out the outflow airstream aperture.
(a) a generally vertical oriented longitudinal housing defining:
(i) an internal plenum;
(ii) an inflow airstream aperture at a lower elevation, (iii) an outflow airstream aperture at a higher elevation;
(b) a heat exchanger coil, mounted in the upper regions of the plenum, communicating with;
(c) the heat supply line, on the one hand and, (d) a circulating pump on the other hand; and, (e) fan means located within the plenum adapted for moving ambient air into the air inflow aperture, over the heat exchanger coil, and out the outflow airstream aperture.
2. The secondary heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, additionally comprising:
(f) an electro-mechanical valve communicating with the heat supply line and making electrical communication to;
(g) a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulating pump and fan and for turning the valve, fan and pump on at a pre-determined temperature and for turning them off at a higher pre-determined temperature.
(f) an electro-mechanical valve communicating with the heat supply line and making electrical communication to;
(g) a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulating pump and fan and for turning the valve, fan and pump on at a pre-determined temperature and for turning them off at a higher pre-determined temperature.
3. A secondary heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, additionally comprising:
(f) a second heat exchanger mounted in the lower regions of the plenum communicating to a cold media flow circuit on the one hand; and, (g) to a port of a three-way electro-mechanical valve selectively communicating to the heat supply line on the one hand, and to the heat exchanger coil (b) on the other; and, (h) a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulation pump and fan and for turning the fan and pump on, and the three-way electro-mechanical valve to open into communication between each supply line and the circulating pump on the one hand, or alternatively, to the secondary heat exchanger and pump on the other hand depending upon the demand for cooling or heating.
(f) a second heat exchanger mounted in the lower regions of the plenum communicating to a cold media flow circuit on the one hand; and, (g) to a port of a three-way electro-mechanical valve selectively communicating to the heat supply line on the one hand, and to the heat exchanger coil (b) on the other; and, (h) a thermostat adapted to measure the temperature of the ambient space and electrically communicating to the circulation pump and fan and for turning the fan and pump on, and the three-way electro-mechanical valve to open into communication between each supply line and the circulating pump on the one hand, or alternatively, to the secondary heat exchanger and pump on the other hand depending upon the demand for cooling or heating.
4. The secondary heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second heat exchanger is mounted within an insulated sub-plenum located in the lower regions of the plenum.
5. The secondary heat exchanger as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sub-plenum defines two sinusoidal proximate flow circuits, one being the cold media flow, the other the water flow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002140040A CA2140040A1 (en) | 1994-12-29 | 1994-12-29 | Single rising heating and cooling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002140040A CA2140040A1 (en) | 1994-12-29 | 1994-12-29 | Single rising heating and cooling system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2140040A1 true CA2140040A1 (en) | 1996-06-30 |
Family
ID=4155028
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002140040A Abandoned CA2140040A1 (en) | 1994-12-29 | 1994-12-29 | Single rising heating and cooling system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2140040A1 (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-12-29 CA CA002140040A patent/CA2140040A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |