AT527444A1 - Storage device for storing long goods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage device for storing long goods (2), in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle (16), comprising a substantially horizontal bearing beam (4) and a substantially horizontal support beam (5) mounted vertically movably above the bearing beam (4) to form a support surface (8) for receiving the long goods (2), wherein the bearing beam (4) is designed as a metallic shaped tube or hollow profile, wherein a hydraulic bladder accumulator (6) and at least two, preferably four hydraulic cylinders (7) connected to the bladder accumulator (6) are provided, wherein the hydraulic cylinders (7) are arranged in the bearing beam (4), protrude upwards from the bearing beam (4) and support the support beam (5) so that the support surface (8) is hydraulically mounted. The invention further relates to a loading frame (1), a rail vehicle (16) and a rail-bound means of transport (20).

Description

Storage device for storing long goods

The invention relates to a storage device for storing long goods, in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a loading frame with such a storage device and a

Rail vehicle and a rail-bound means of transport.

For the construction or maintenance of track systems, new rails must be transported from their place of manufacture or storage to their destination. Long rails with a length of over 100 m are particularly preferred in order to minimize the number of welding points required along a track, among other things. Such long goods cannot be transported sensibly by road,

for example, be transported on trucks.

It is known from the state of the art to transport long goods such as rails and in particular long rails to their place of use on rail-bound means of transport, in particular on railway trains. The rails extend lengthways over a series of rail vehicles, which are generally known as wagons or carriages. Rail vehicles for long goods are usually designed as flat wagons. These are freight wagons that usually have a continuous, flat floor and

have no or at most low, upwardly open structures.

Superstructures are often designed to secure loads on the respective rail vehicle and, in the case of long goods, can include so-called loading frames in which several layers of long goods arranged side by side are placed on top of each other. The loading frames should preferably have a lateral

Prevent long goods from slipping, especially when cornering.

Rail vehicles have a maximum payload weight to prevent their wheel sets or the track system from being overloaded by too high a total weight. Measuring points are often arranged along a track system that can detect overloads. In the event of an overload, the rail-bound means of transport must be stopped at the earliest opportunity and the overload must be remedied. This is usually associated with an enormous amount of effort, as the long goods must be unloaded using special devices and reloaded after the problem has been remedied, and leads to long downtimes and

high costs.

It can happen that individual rail vehicles of a rail-bound vehicle are up to 4 cm lower than others, for example due to worn wheels or defective suspension. When loading long goods, it can happen that higher rail vehicles have to bear more weight, while lower rail vehicles have to bear less weight. In order to compensate for such differences, either the payload was reduced or wooden blocks were placed under the rails, the thickness of which had previously been adjusted to the different standing heights of the individual rail vehicles. This ensured that the load on the rails on all rail vehicles

is evenly distributed. Basically, it is always important to keep the maximum payload weight as low as possible

to increase transport efficiency and reduce manipulation effort

to keep the load low.

The object of the invention is therefore to eliminate these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to increase the transport efficiency when transporting long goods.

improve.

These and other objects are achieved according to the invention by a storage device, a loading frame, a rail vehicle and a rail-bound means of transport according to

the independent claims resolved.

A bearing device according to the invention comprises a substantially horizontal bearing beam and a substantially horizontal support beam mounted vertically movable above the bearing beam to form a

Support surface for holding the long strings.

According to the invention, the bearing beam is designed as a metallic shaped tube or hollow profile. A hydraulic bladder accumulator and at least two, preferably four, hydraulic cylinders connected to the bladder accumulator are provided. The hydraulic cylinders are arranged in the bearing beam, protrude upwards from the bearing beam and support the support beam so that the support surface is hydraulically

is stored.

Formed tubes or hollow profiles have the advantage that they can save weight compared to solid rods or beams. In addition, other components, such as the hydraulic cylinders in this case, can be installed within such hollow forms. This means that such components are protected from damage and

protected against sabotage.

The support beam rests on the hydraulic cylinders and forms a support surface,

on which long goods such as rails can be placed and stored.

The hydraulic bearing of the support beam is designed in such a way that if the loading frame is overloaded, the support beam is lowered in order to redistribute part of the load to other, neighbouring support points of the long goods. This

Lowering occurs automatically when a certain threshold load is exceeded.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the hydraulic cylinders are arranged so as to be distributed substantially equidistantly along the width of the support beam. This achieves the most even possible distribution of the load of the support beam and the long goods placed on it to the hydraulic cylinders.

According to the invention, the hydraulic cylinders can be connected to the bladder accumulator via a common hydraulic manifold. This can achieve

that the same pressure is applied in all hydraulic cylinders.

According to the invention, the bladder accumulator can have a pressure chamber filled with compressed gas and a storage chamber filled with hydraulic fluid. It can be provided that the pressure chamber is separated from the storage chamber by a membrane. Furthermore, it can be provided that the hydraulic cylinders are hydraulically connected to the storage chamber. Furthermore, it can be provided that the

Pressure in the pressure chamber is preferably in the range of about 90 bar to about 120 bar.

The compressed gas in the pressure chamber exerts a counterpressure on the diaphragm against the pressure of the hydraulic fluid caused by the long goods resting on it. The bladder accumulator can be designed in such a way that a threshold load is provided. If the long goods resting on it exceed this threshold load, the hydraulic fluid can move the diaphragm, preferably automatically, towards the pressure chamber and compress it. This allows the hydraulic cylinders to be pushed together and the support beam is lowered. The lowering ends automatically when the gas pressure in the pressure chamber again matches the pressure exerted by the hydraulic fluid on the diaphragm. A range of 90 bar to 120 bar has proven to be favorable for the pressure of the compressed gas in the pressure chamber.

The invention further relates to a loading frame for storing long goods, in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle, which

a bearing device according to the invention.

A loading frame according to the invention can comprise two, essentially vertically arranged,

Support beams, with the lower ends of the support beams over the bearing beams

Essentially, the vertical support beams can form a U-shape with the storage beam. The support beams can better prevent the long goods from moving sideways over the ends of the storage device.

and fall off the storage device.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the support beams are designed as metallic shaped tubes or hollow profiles. It can be provided that the

Bladder storage is partially or entirely arranged within one of the support beams.

Formed tubes or hollow profiles have the advantage that they can save weight compared to solid rods or beams. In addition, other components can be installed within such hollow forms, such as in this case the hydraulic system comprising the bladder accumulator and the hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic lines and in particular the collecting line can be routed within the hollow support beams and the hollow bearing beam of the bearing device. Preferably, the hydraulic lines and in particular the collecting line can be routed through the connection of the bearing beam to the support beam. This has the consequence that

that the components are protected from damage and sabotage.

According to the invention, at least one further, essentially horizontal, support beam can be provided on the support beams to form further support surfaces for receiving further long goods. The further support beam can be arranged at a distance above the support beam of the storage device and can be mounted so that it can move vertically. It can simultaneously serve as a spacer for a layer of long goods located underneath and form a support surface for a further layer of long goods, and preferably rests on a layer of long goods located underneath.

Forces caused by long goods resting on the additional support beam are thus transferred to the layer of long goods arranged below and further down to the lowest support beam.

The invention further relates to a rail vehicle for transporting long goods

comprising at least one storage device according to the invention arranged thereon and/or at least one loading frame according to the invention arranged thereon. With

In particular, the support height of the long goods, i.e. their distance from the tracks, can be varied and/or adjusted using a storage device according to the invention and/or a loading frame according to the invention.

According to the invention, the rail vehicle can be provided with a loading area.

The loading area in low-load areas can have a grating structure, preferably comprising glass-fiber reinforced plastic or aluminum. This type of lightweight construction can reduce the weight of the rail vehicle. For a given maximum weight of the rail vehicle including load, the permissible payload weight can thus be increased. The low-load areas are designed for small loads, such as those that occur when a person stands or walks on them. Low-load areas can carry 80 kg, 100 kg, or 120 kg, for example.

Furthermore, the loading area in heavy-duty areas can preferably have a full-surface metal sheet construction. The heavy-duty areas can take on significantly higher loads. For example, a heavy-duty area can carry a load of up to 40 t or 50 t, whereby the construction of the rail vehicle, the loading area, the low-load areas and the heavy-duty areas can be designed with a safety factor, for example with 1.5 or 2 times the safety factor.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the storage devices and/or loading racks are arranged in heavy-load areas.

If necessary, several, in particular five, heavy-duty areas can be provided on a rail vehicle. The heavy-duty areas are preferably rectangular areas.

They preferably extend over the entire width and over part of the length of the loading area. In some, for example in two of these several heavy load areas, storage devices and/or loading racks can be arranged. Other heavy load areas can also remain free. By positioning storage devices and/or loading racks in heavy load areas,

ensure that only areas designed to support heavy loads are subjected to heavy loads.

According to the invention, it can be provided that heavy load areas are arranged centrally and/or symmetrically with respect to the center with respect to the longitudinal extent of the rail vehicle. Such a symmetrical arrangement of the heavy load areas ensures that when several rail vehicles are arranged in a rail-bound means of transport, no attention needs to be paid to the orientation of the individual rail vehicles. If there are several, for example five, heavy load areas on a rail vehicle and preferably two storage devices and/or loading racks on it, a large number of options for positioning on the loading area are available regardless of the orientation of the vehicle.

However, positioning of the storage devices and/or loading racks

which are not symmetrical with respect to the centre of the rail vehicle.

This variety of possible positioning allows an arrangement of storage devices and/or loading racks on a rail vehicle to be selected that is adapted to the specific conditions of the long goods. In particular, the distance between two storage devices or loading racks can be adjusted, especially if they are on the same or adjacent

rail vehicles.

According to the invention, it can be provided that heavy load areas are arranged near the ends of the rail vehicle with respect to its longitudinal extension, in particular at a distance of approximately 2.4 m and/or approximately 4.25 m from the respective

end of the rail vehicle.

These distances from the ends of the rail vehicles are approximately above the positions of the bogies, which has proven to be advantageous in terms of the load on the rail vehicle frames and the lateral guidance of long goods in curves.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a rail-based means of transport for transporting long goods, comprising one or more rail vehicles according to the invention.

By arranging rail vehicles with lengths between about 14 m and about 25 m, preferably with a length of about 20 m and/or about 22 m, a required total length of the rail-bound means of transport can be achieved which

sufficient to transport long rails with a length of up to 180 m.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the rail-based means of transport comprises a rail vehicle on which a fixed bearing for long goods is arranged. The long goods are preferably clamped in the fixed bearing. It can be provided that only one of the rail vehicles of the rail-based means of transport has a fixed bearing in order to avoid overdetermination and the associated problems, particularly when cornering. The fixed bearing can preferably be attached to a heavy load area arranged centrally along the longitudinal extension of the rail vehicle.

The basic construction of a fixed bearing can comprise two U-shaped frames, each of which has a substantially horizontal support sleeper and two substantially vertical support beams. To improve the stability of the fixed bearing, the two frames can be connected by means of struts between the support beams of adjacent frames. The support sleepers can form support surfaces for long goods. The fixed bearing can in particular comprise two support sleepers arranged parallel to one another and transversely to the longitudinal extension of the rail vehicle. The support sleepers can form support surfaces for receiving long goods. A substantially vertically arranged support beam can be arranged at each end of the support sleepers. The support beams can be connected to the support sleeper at their lower ends. Support beams adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle can be connected by means of struts. However, other designs of the fixed bearing are also conceivable. According to the invention, at least one substantially horizontal support beam can be provided on the support beams to form further support surfaces for receiving further long goods. The support beam can be arranged at a distance above the respective support threshold and can be mounted vertically movable.

Such additional support beams can simultaneously serve as spacers to a layer of long goods underneath and form a support surface for a further layer of long goods. The additional support beam preferably rests on a layer of long goods underneath. Forces caused by long goods resting on the additional support beam are transferred via the support beam to the layer of long goods underneath and further to the support threshold of the fixed bearing.

According to the invention, a clamping beam that is attached to the support beam and runs essentially horizontally can be provided. The clamping beam can have at least one clamping device that is designed to press the long goods against the support threshold and preferably against the support beams, so that the long goods are clamped in the fixed bearing. This prevents long goods from moving in the longitudinal direction of the rail-bound means of transport.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the clamping device has two or more clamping jaws pre-tensioned against the support beams by means of resilient elements, in particular spring steel elements. This counteracts any bending or bulging in the middle area of the clamping jaw. Such clamping jaws, which are pre-tensioned against the support beams and preferably against the long goods by means of resilient elements, in particular spring steel elements, can

This allows the clamping beam pressure to be better distributed across the long goods.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the clamping jaws are arranged in a row along the longitudinal extension of the clamping beam and preferably have a sliding tongue and groove connection. This allows the contact pressure of the clamping beam to be better transmitted and distributed to the long goods. In particular, the formation of a gap between the clamping jaws can be avoided by the tongue and groove connection.

A fixed bearing can comprise two frames, each of which has a support threshold and two support beams, each of which has a clamping beam with a clamping device, in particular with clamping jaws, and is connected to one another via struts.

Long goods clamped in a fixed bearing can thus be transported to

a movement in the transverse direction, as well as a movement in the longitudinal direction to

rail vehicle may be hindered.

In all embodiments of a rail vehicle according to the invention, different heavy-duty areas can have different sized base areas. In particular, a heavy-duty area can be provided in the middle of the loading area, the base area of which is designed to accommodate a fixed bearing. Preferably, such an enlarged heavy-duty area is suitable for accommodating two frames, each of which has a clamping beam with a clamping device, in particular with clamping jaws, and is connected via struts. A construction of two frames, each of which has a clamping beam with a clamping device and is connected via struts, acts as a fixed bearing for the long goods to be transported. These can thus be subjected to both a movement in the transverse direction to the rail vehicle and a movement in the longitudinal direction.

be prevented.

As a rule, only one of the rail vehicles in a rail-bound transport system should have a fixed bearing. On the other hand, the loading frames, especially on the other rail vehicles, should not have any clamping beams to clamp the long goods and should only prevent the long goods from moving transversely to the rail vehicle. This allows the long goods to bend when cornering and the long goods on the outside do not have to stretch but can slide over the loading frames, which thus act as a loose bearing.

According to the invention, it can be provided that on other rail vehicles, storage devices and/or loading frames are preferably arranged on heavy-duty areas near the ends of the loading area of the respective rail vehicle, in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle.

The technical effect of these storage devices and/or loading racks is to support the long goods at intervals along the long goods that are adapted to the requirements of the long goods. The long goods can be supported in order to avoid tension

or compressive forces in the longitudinal direction of the long goods, via those storage devices

and/or loading frames that are not designed to clamp and hold the long goods

are intended.

According to the invention, it can be provided that on a rail vehicle with a fixed bearing arranged centrally along its longitudinal extension, bearing devices are arranged to form further, in particular hydraulically mounted, support surfaces for long goods. These can be arranged on heavy-duty areas near the ends of the loading area, in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that on other rail vehicles, on a heavy-duty area provided centrally with respect to the longitudinal extension of the respective rail vehicle, a support threshold is arranged to form a further support surface for long goods.

These support sleepers are therefore positioned, preferably centrally, between two bearing devices and/or loading frames of another rail vehicle. In comparison to bearing devices according to the invention, such support sleepers can be designed without hydraulic bearings and thus have a lower weight.

It may be advantageous to provide storage devices and/or loading frames with hydraulic bearings in heavy load areas that are located close to locations with potentially different levels of loading areas, in particular near the ends of the loading areas. In less critical positions that are further away from locations with potentially different levels, for example in terms of its longitudinal extension in the middle of the respective rail vehicle, it may be advantageous to use support sleepers without hydraulic bearings to save weight.

Additional support for long goods must be provided. In the area above storage facilities and support sleepers,

Spacers should be provided between the layers of long goods, similar to the

Support beams of a loading frame according to the invention.

Further features of the invention emerge from the patent claims, the

embodiments and the following figures.

The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments

explained. They show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a loading frame according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional representation of a fixed bearing;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a detail of a fixed bearing;

Fig. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional representation of a rail vehicle according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a rail-bound

means of transport.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a loading frame 1 according to the invention. The loading frame 1 comprises two vertical support beams 3, 3', which are connected at their lower ends via the bearing beam 4 of a storage device. The support beams 3, 3' and the bearing beam 4 are shown cut away. Within the bearing beam 4, four hydraulic cylinders 7 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the bearing beam 4 of the loading frame 1 and with

arranged at largely equal distances from each other.

A support beam 5 is arranged on the hydraulic cylinders 7 so that it can be moved vertically along the support beams 3, 3', and is thus hydraulically supported. The support beam 5 forms a support surface 8 for long goods 2. In the illustration in Fig. 1, the long goods 2 are rails indicated by their cross-sectional profile. Above the long goods 2, a further support beam 5' is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2 and forms a further support surface 8' for further long goods 2'. Above the long goods 2', a further support beam 5" is arranged, which rests on the

long goods 2' and forms a further support surface 8" for further long goods 2".

The support beams 5, 5' and 5" thus form support surfaces 8, 8' and 8" for long goods 2, 2' and 2". At the same time, the other support beams 5' and 5' act as spacers

between the layers of long goods 2, 2’, 2”.

The hydraulic cylinders 7 are connected to a bladder accumulator 6 via lines that lead to a common collecting line 9. The bladder accumulator 6 comprises a pressure chamber 10 filled with compressed gas and a storage chamber 11 filled with a hydraulic fluid. The pressure chamber 10 and the storage chamber 11 are connected by a membrane 12.

separated from each other.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic three-dimensional representation of a fixed storage 21 comprising two frames that are connected by means of struts. The frames each comprise two vertical support beams 3", which are connected at their lower ends via a support sill 22. The frames of the fixed storage 21 of Fig. 2 are similar to the loading frame 1 according to Fig. 1. However, no hydraulic system for height adjustment is provided in the fixed storage 21 according to Fig. 2. In Fig. 2, the representation of clamped long goods 2, 2', 2" has also been omitted in order to

to provide better clarity.

The frames of the fixed storage 21 each comprise a clamping beam 13 in addition to the components of the loading frame 1 according to Fig. 1. For better illustration, a clamping beam 13 is partially hidden in the illustration in Fig. 2, so that the clamping jaws 14 and the spring steel elements 15 arranged therein are visible. The clamping jaws 14 are pressed downwards away from the clamping beam 13 by the spring steel elements 15, against the long goods 2" (not shown). This pressure is directed from the long goods 2" to the upper support beam 5' and subsequently to the long goods 2', the lower support beam 5"', the long goods 2 and finally to the support threshold 22, so that the long goods 2, 2', 2" are clamped between the clamping beams 13, the

Support beam 5“* and the support sleepers 22 are clamped.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a detail of a fixed bearing 21. The frame shown comprises two vertical support beams 3", which at their lower ends

are connected via a support threshold 22.

The support sleeper 22 forms a support surface 8 for long goods 2. In the illustration in Fig. 3, the long goods 2 are rails. Above the long goods 2, a support beam 5"* is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2 and forms a further support surface 8" for further long goods 2'. Above the long goods 2', a further support beam 5' is arranged, which rests on the long goods 2' and forms a further support surface 8' for further long goods 2". The support sleeper 22 and the support beams 5" thus form support surfaces 8 and 8*" for long goods 2, 2' and 2". At the same time, the further support beams 5" act as spacers between the

Layers of long goods 2, 2’, 2”.

The frame according to Fig. 3 comprises a clamping beam 13 in addition to the components of the loading frame 1 according to Fig. 1. For better illustration, the clamping beam 13 is shown cut open in the illustration in Fig. 3 so that the clamping jaws 14 and the spring steel elements 15 are visible. The clamping jaws 14 are pressed downwards away from the clamping beam 13 against the long goods 2" (not shown) by the spring steel elements 15. This pressure is directed from the long goods 2" to the support beam 5" and subsequently to the long goods 2', the support beam 5', the long goods 2 and finally to the support sleeper 22 so that the long goods 2, 2', 2" are clamped between the clamping beam 13 and the support sleeper 22, or between the clamping jaws 14, the support beam 5', 5" and the support sleeper 22.

are trapped.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic three-dimensional representation of a rail vehicle 16 according to the invention. The rail vehicle 16 comprises a loading area 17 which is divided into areas. Individual areas are provided as low-load areas 18 and have a grid construction. The grid construction has a reduced weight compared to the loading areas of similar, conventional

rail vehicles and is designed for a person to walk over.

Other areas are intended as heavy-duty areas 19 and have a sheet metal construction. This sheet metal construction is designed to withstand high loads. For example, in the heavy-duty areas 19 with sheet metal construction, storage devices according to the invention and/or loading frames 1 according to the invention can be set up, which then transfer high loads to the heavy-duty areas 19 through long goods 2, 2', 2" resting on them. Loads that occur

can be up to 40 t or 50 t, for example.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of a rail-bound means of transport 20 according to the invention. The rail-bound means of transport 20 comprises, in the embodiment of Fig. 5, five rail vehicles 16 according to the invention, for example according to the embodiment of Fig. 4. The loading areas 17 of the rail vehicles 16 have low-load areas 18 and

Heavy load areas 19.

On the loading area 17 of one of the rail vehicles 16, namely on the middle rail vehicle 16, a fixed bearing 21, for example according to Fig. 2, is provided in the middle area for clamping long goods 2, 2', 2". This fixed bearing 21 comprises two frames, for example according to Fig. 2 or Fig. 3. In front of and behind the fixed bearing 21 on the middle rail vehicle 16, in heavy load areas 19 near the ends of the middle rail vehicle 16, bearing devices according to the invention are arranged, which form hydraulically mounted support surfaces 8 for long goods 2. On the loading areas 17 of the other rail vehicles 16, i.e. on the outer rail vehicles 16, loading frames 1 are set up, which form loose bearings for long goods 2, 2', 2". These loading frames 1 are arranged in heavy load areas 19 near the ends of the respective rail vehicle 16. Between the two loading frames 1 of one of these rail vehicles 16, a support sleeper 22 is arranged in the middle of the respective rail vehicle 16, which forms a further support surface for long goods 2, 2', 2". In the area of the support sleepers 22 and/or the storage devices, spacers (not shown) can be provided between the layers of long goods 2, 2', 2", which are similar to the support beams 5',

5” of a loading frame 1 according to the invention.

list of reference symbols

1 loading frame

2.2', 2" long goods

3, 3', 3" support beams

4 bearing beams

5, 5', 5", 5" support beam

6 bladder storage

7 hydraulic cylinders 8, 8', 8", 8" support surface

9 manifold

10 pressure chamber

11 storage space

12 membrane

13 tension beams

14 clamping jaw

15 Spring steel element 16 Rail vehicle 17 Loading area

18 Low load range 19 Heavy load range 20 Rail-based transport 21 Fixed bearing

22 support threshold

Claims (1)

patent claims 1. Storage device for storing long goods (2), in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle (16), comprising - a substantially horizontal bearing beam (4) and - a substantially horizontal support beam (5) mounted vertically movable above the support beam (4) to form a support surface (8) for receiving the long goods (2), characterized in that - the bearing beam (4) is designed as a metallic shaped tube or hollow profile, whereby - a hydraulic bladder accumulator (6) and at least two, preferably four, hydraulic cylinders (7) connected to the bladder accumulator (6) are provided, wherein - the hydraulic cylinders (7) are arranged in the bearing beam (4), protrude upwards from the bearing beam (4) and support the support beam (5) so that the Support surface (8) is hydraulically mounted. 2. Bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (7) are arranged substantially equidistantly along the width of the bearing beam (4). 3. Storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (7) are connected via a common hydraulic manifold (9) to connected to the bladder accumulator (6). 4. Bearing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bladder accumulator (6) has a pressure chamber (10) filled with compressed gas and a storage chamber (11) filled with hydraulic fluid, wherein the pressure chamber (10) is separated from the storage chamber (11) by a membrane (12), wherein the hydraulic cylinders (7) are hydraulically connected to the storage chamber (11), and wherein the pressure in the pressure chamber (10) is preferably in the range from about 90 bar to about 120 bar. 11th 18 — 63169/AG/AM Rail Cargo Austria AG, Am Hauptbahnhof 2, 1100 VIENNA (AT) Loading frame (1) for storing long goods (2), in particular rails, during transport on a rail vehicle (16), comprising a Bearing device according to one of claims 1 to 4. Loading frame (1) according to claim 5, comprising two substantially vertically arranged support beams (3, 3°), characterized in that the lower ends of the support beams (3, 3') are connected via the bearing beams (4). Loading frame (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the support beams (3, 3') are designed as metallic shaped tubes or hollow profiles, wherein the bladder accumulator (6) is partially or entirely located within one of the support beams (3, 3') is arranged. Loading frame (1) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one further, substantially horizontal support beam (5', 5") is provided on the support beams (3, 3'), arranged at a distance above the support beam (5) of the storage device, mounted vertically movably, to form further support surfaces (8*, 8") for receiving further long goods (2°, 2"). Rail vehicle (16) for transporting long goods (2) comprising at least one storage device arranged thereon according to one of claims 1 to 4 and/or at least one loading frame (1) arranged thereon according to one of Claims 5 to 8. Rail vehicle (16) according to claim 9, characterized in that a loading surface (17) is provided, wherein the loading surface (17) in low-load areas (18) has a grating construction, preferably comprising glass fiber reinforced plastic or aluminum, and in heavy-load areas (19) a preferably full-surface, metallic sheet metal construction. Rail vehicle (16) according to claim 10, characterized in that one or several storage devices and/or one or more loading racks (1) in heavy load areas (19). 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 19 — 63169/AG/AM Rail Cargo Austria AG, Am Hauptbahnhof 2, 1100 VIENNA (AT) Rail vehicle (16) according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that heavy load areas (19) are arranged centrally with respect to the longitudinal extension of the rail vehicle (16) and/or symmetrically with respect to the center are arranged. Rail vehicle (16) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that heavy load areas (19) are arranged near the ends of the rail vehicle with respect to its longitudinal extension, in particular at a distance of approximately 2.4 m and/or approximately 4.25 m from respective end of the rail vehicle (16). Rail-bound means of transport (20) for transporting long goods (2, 2', 2'), comprising one or more rail vehicles (16) according to one of claims 9 to 13. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 14, characterized in that a fixed bearing (21) for long goods (2, 2', 2") is arranged on the rail vehicle (16), wherein the fixed bearing (21) is arranged on a centrally arranged longitudinal extension of the rail vehicle (16). Heavy load area (19) is attached. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 15, characterized in that the fixed bearing (21) comprises two support sleepers (22) arranged parallel to one another and transversely to the longitudinal extension of the rail vehicle (16), which form support surfaces (8) for receiving long goods (2), wherein vertically arranged support beams (3") are arranged at the ends of the support sleepers (22), which are connected at their lower ends to the support sleepers (22), and wherein in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle (16) adjacent support beams (3”) are connected by means of struts. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 15 or 16, characterized characterized in that at least one, at a distance 19th 20th 21st 22nd 20 — 63169/AG/AM Rail Cargo Austria AG, Am Hauptbahnhof 2, 1100 VIENNA (AT) vertically movable, essentially horizontal support beam (5*“‘) arranged above the respective support threshold (22) for forming further Support surfaces (8*') are provided for the accommodation of additional long goods (2°, 2"). Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that a clamping beam (13) is provided which is fastened to the support beams (3") and runs essentially horizontally, the clamping beam (13) having at least one clamping device which is designed to press the long goods (2, 2', 2") against the support sleeper (22) and preferably against the support beams (5*), so that the long goods (2, 2‘, 2“) are clamped in the fixed bearing (21). Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that the tensioning device comprises two or more spring elements, in particular spring steel elements (15) against the support beams (5‘“) pre-tensioned clamping jaws (14). Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to claim 19, characterized in that the clamping jaws (14) are arranged in a row along the longitudinal extension of the clamping beam (13) and preferably in a sliding tongue and groove connection. Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that on other rail vehicles (16) storage devices and/or loading racks (1), preferably on heavy load areas (19) near the ends of the loading area (17) of the respective rail vehicle (16), in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle (16). Rail-bound means of transport (20) according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that - on a rail vehicle (16) with a centrally located longitudinally arranged fixed bearings (21), on heavy load areas (19) in the vicinity of the ends of the loading area (17), in particular at a distance of 2.4 m or 4.25 m from the respective end of the rail vehicle (16), bearing devices for forming further, in particular hydraulically mounted, support surfaces (8) for long goods (2, 2', 2") are arranged and/or that on other rail vehicles (16) on a heavy load area (19) provided centrally with respect to the longitudinal extension of the respective rail vehicle (16) a support threshold (22) for forming a further Support surface for long goods (2) is arranged.