Papers by Psychology and Education
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 14, 2025
This study examined the levels of competence among master teachers in mastery of subject matter, ... more This study examined the levels of competence among master teachers in mastery of subject matter, teaching strategies, classroom management, evaluation, and coaching and mentoring. Additionally, the study assessed teachers' instructional practices as prescribed by the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers-Results-Based Performance Management System (PPST-RPMS) across various domains, as well as learners' achievements in numeracy, literacy, and overall academic performance. The challenges faced by master teachers in coaching and mentoring were identified, and the strategies used to address these challenges were explored. A descriptive method with impact analysis was utilized, involving 376 respondents from SDO Quezon Province, SDO Lucena City, and SDO Tayabas City in DepEd CALABARZON. Data collection was conducted using a validated, researcher-made survey questionnaire, and statistical analyses included weighted mean, Spearman's Rank Correlation, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings revealed that master teachers were highly competent across all dimensions of instructional leadership, with very high competence in teaching strategies. Teachers' instructional practices were consistently highly practiced in all domains, while learners' achievements were very satisfactory in literacy, numeracy, and general academic performance. Moreover, a significant positive impact of master teachers' instructional leadership competence on teachers' practices and learners' achievements was observed. There was a direct relationship between master teachers' competencies and learners' outcomes, with a significant correlation, along with teachers' instructional practices and learners' levels of numeracy, literacy, and general academic performance, which rejected the null hypothesis. Key challenges included insufficient training, lack of support, and unclear roles in coaching and mentoring. The study proposed the "Master Teachers' Coaching Handbook (MaTCH)" as an instructional leadership guide to address these challenges and enhance competencies. The findings suggest implications for policy formulation, professional development, and instructional leadership practices, aiming to improve teaching quality and learner outcomes in elementary education.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 14, 2025
This study examined the comparative effectiveness of online advertisements and traditional outdoo... more This study examined the comparative effectiveness of online advertisements and traditional outdoor media (billboards and tarpaulins) in promoting private schools across four municipalities in Batangas Province: Lipa, Tanauan, Malvar, and Sto. Tomas. Using a convergent parallel mixed-methods design, the research gathered quantitative data from 66 respondents across 22 private schools (18 from Lipa, 12 from Malvar, 27 from Tanauan, and 9 from Sto. Tomas) through surveys, along with qualitative insights obtained via focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The investigation focused on six dimensions of advertising effectiveness: reach and engagement, lead generation and conversion, cost efficiency, audience targeting, brand recall, and adaptability. Quantitative findings revealed that online advertisements are more adaptable, cost-efficient, and effective in engaging younger audiences, particularly in Lipa and Tanauan, where internet connectivity is stronger. In contrast, traditional outdoor advertisements such as tarpaulins and billboards remain more trusted and credible in semi-urban areas like Malvar and Sto. Tomas, where internet penetration is less stable. Qualitative findings revealed that parents valued the credibility and tangibility of traditional advertisements, while students preferred the interactivity of online platforms. Both groups emphasized the advantages of a hybrid approach that integrates the strengths of both media. These findings support the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and Media Richness Theory (MRT), showing that online media stimulate central processing among students while traditional media appeal to peripheral cues valued by parents. Moreover, the results align with local reports, which indicate that Batangas households continue to rely on printed and outdoor materials due to limitations in digital access (Batangas Provincial Planning and Development Office, 2023; Department of Information and Communications Technology [DICT], 2022). This study concludes that the most effective approach is a hybrid advertising strategy that integrates online and traditional media, thereby maximizing reach, credibility, and cost efficiency. It further proposes the Infrastructure-Mediated Advertising Model, which emphasizes that technological access, demographic needs, and cultural trust shape advertising effectiveness. This research provides both theoretical contributions and practical recommendations for school administrators, particularly in semi-urban contexts, where hybrid campaigns offer the most substantial potential for enrollment growth.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 14, 2025
Teaching is more than just imparting information; it also involves building meaningful connection... more Teaching is more than just imparting information; it also involves building meaningful connections with students that inspire them to learn and grow. The ability of a teacher to recognize, control, and express their emotions is essential in today's classrooms, as it affects student motivation and engagement. This research investigated how teachers' emotional skills impact student engagement in Araling Panlipunan classes across three campuses of a private school. Anchored in Goleman's Emotional Intelligence framework and the Self-Determination Theory by Deci and Ryan, the study focused on key emotional competencies-self-awareness, emotion management, intrinsic motivation, empathy, and interpersonal abilities-and how these align with students' basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and connection. A quantitative method was employed, gathering responses from 21 educators aged 20 to 30. Results indicated that most teachers demonstrated strong emotional competencies: 95% were self-aware, 86% managed their emotions effectively, 90% were motivated, 100% showed empathy, and 86% possessed practical social skills. These competencies significantly contributed to higher student engagement, as reflected in scores for autonomy (3.79), competence (3.82), and relatedness (3.83). Despite the positive outcomes, the study highlighted the importance of sustaining and nurturing these emotional competencies. As a result, a professional sustainability program was recommended to support teachers' emotional well-being and mental health, thereby ensuring an engaging classroom environment and improved learning outcomes.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 13, 2025
Not all nurses are averse to participating in a study. The primary purpose of this novel type of ... more Not all nurses are averse to participating in a study. The primary purpose of this novel type of study is grounded in the two themes that emerged from this study on why nurses are reluctant to participate in studies. The themes are the following: opinions and reasons why nurses do not want to participate in a study, and motivating factors that might convince them to join the study. The study employed a qualitative research method, utilizing unstructured interviews grounded in Prospect Theory and Incentive Theory. Purposive and Convenience sampling were used to identify participants who used Facebook as a means of communication. The study included 10 participants from the provinces of La Union and Pangasinan, all of whom were nurses working in various fields and met the criteria to be research subjects. Their responses were analyzed through a Sartrean phenomenological-existential lens. The study revealed that there are various reasons why nurses would not like to become participants in studies such as lack of time, lack of benefits, concerns for privacy, ethics, confidentiality, improper explanation of the study's goals and how researchers should improve their ways in convincing would-be participants to join their study such as explaining the study's purpose, maintaining confidentiality and compensation. This study recommends further expansion of the research in the local context to explore other aspects of why participating in research is not a pressing matter for others.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 13, 2025
Tagalog, Hiligaynon, and Cebuano are major Philippine languages with shared Austronesian roots bu... more Tagalog, Hiligaynon, and Cebuano are major Philippine languages with shared Austronesian roots but distinct morphological characteristics. This study examined the affixes used in Hiligaynon and Cebuano-both part of the Bisayan language group-and analyzed how these affixes influenced the meanings of the root words to which they were attached. Tagalog served as the baseline language for comparison. The primary objective was to identify and compare the morphological structures of affixed nouns, adjectives, and verbs across the three languages. Using a qualitative analytical design, data were gathered from the book Hambingang Wika by Aceron, which presents morphological comparisons among Philippine languages. The study focused on selected affixes to observe patterns of morphological shifts and semantic changes. A comparative matrix was used to analyze affixation and its effects on word meaning. Findings revealed that while many affixed root words shared similar structures across the three languages, notable differences emerged in the usage of prefixes, infixes, and suffixes. For instance, the noun-forming affix (mangga)han in Tagalog becomes ka(mangga)han in both Cebuano and Hiligaynon. The word (ani)han transforms into ting(ani) in Cebuano and ti(alani) in Hiligaynon. In adjective formation, Tagalog's ma(bait) corresponds to (buot)an in both Bisayan languages. Verb affixes such as i-were consistently used across the three, e.g., i(hagis) in Tagalog becomes i(labay) in Cebuano and i(haboy) in Hiligaynon. The study contributes to understanding the morphological diversity of Philippine languages and highlights the need for further comparative study across other parts of speech. These findings can serve as a foundation for developing mother-tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) teaching materials tailored to different linguistic regions.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 13, 2025
This study examines the comparative lexicology of Maguindanaon and English, with a focus on cogna... more This study examines the comparative lexicology of Maguindanaon and English, with a focus on cognates, analyzing how true cognates and false cognates influence vocabulary learning. Using a qualitative, corpus-based contrastive methodology, bilingual dictionaries, classroom materials, and teacher consultations were employed to compile and annotate a dataset of word pairs. Findings reveal three primary categories of true cognates: phonologically adapted forms (e.g., radio → radyo), Spanish-mediated borrowings (e.g., office → opisina), and direct borrowings (e.g., bus → bus). These cognates retain semantic and lexical equivalence, functioning as scaffolding tools for learners. Conversely, false cognates, such as "eye-ay" ("eye-foot") and "book-buk" ("book-hair"), demonstrate phonological similarity but semantic and categorical divergence, leading to potential misinterpretation. Results underscore the dual role of cognates: while true cognates reduce cognitive load and accelerate acquisition, false cognates risk fossilizing learner errors. The study concludes that vocabulary instruction must strategically balance these dynamics by leveraging true cognates and explicitly addressing false ones.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 13, 2025
The purpose of this study was to determine the significant domains of task-based language teachin... more The purpose of this study was to determine the significant domains of task-based language teaching (TBLT) strategies that best predict students' learning outcomes and to explore how these findings are reflected in teachers' experiences. Explanatory sequential mixed methods were employed to collect data from 300 non-English major teachers who handle English subjects in the Department of Education, Senior High School, in Region XII. Regression analysis was used to determine which domains significantly predict students' learning outcomes, revealing that time limitations for teachers and the feasibility of TBLT resources were significant predictors of students' learning outcomes. Moreover, through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 17 participants drawn from the quantitative sample, qualitative data were integrated with the statistical results of the study. Furthermore, the participants confirmed the influence of time constraints and resource feasibility on the practical application of TBLT in the classroom. With the confirmation, it can be stated that there is considerable evidence to suggest that institutional support, in terms of time and instructional resources, plays a vital role in influencing students' learning outcomes. Additionally, a thematic analysis of the qualitative data revealed essential themes that generally affirmed the predictive domains and provided contextual insights into classroom practices. Finally, the nature of data integration was revealed to be connecting, merging, and confirming.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
This study aimed to utilize and explore appropriate enrichment activities to improve the reading ... more This study aimed to utilize and explore appropriate enrichment activities to improve the reading skills of learners at Buenavista Quezon. Aspects studied were the profile of the respondents and their teaching experience. It looked into the frequency of use of interaction reading strategies, engaging with literature, developing vocabulary and fluency, utilizing technology, and creating a supportive environment. To accomplish her purpose, the researcher employed a questionnaire to ascertain the demographic profile of the respondents and to evaluate the efficacy of certain elementary teachers in Buenavista in implementing enrichment activity strategies. In Buenavista, Quezon, this comprised 30 teachers from district II. The descriptive design was the main source of data and information. The results showed that most respondents fell within the age range of 25-30 years, comprising both males and females. According to the results of the Kruskal-Wallis test, all null hypotheses are accepted, which means that there is no significant difference in the perceived effectiveness of using and applying enrichment activities strategies when the respondents are grouped by profile. Based on the study's results, the following recommendations are suggested. Future researchers may conduct a similar study to improve the effectiveness of enrichment activities strategies used by selected elementary teachers in Buenavista, District II. The recommendations that follow are based on the study's findings: future researchers may conduct a similar study to address some of the inadequacies in the way particular elementary school teachers in Buenavista currently employ enrichment activity strategies.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
This study aimed to investigate the impact of family structure on the well-being and decision-mak... more This study aimed to investigate the impact of family structure on the well-being and decision-making skills of 314 senior high school students from six secondary schools in Zamboanga City. Using a descriptive quantitative research design, results showed that most respondents were aged 18-20, female, Zamboangueño, from nuclear families, with low family income and rural backgrounds. Respondents rated their well-being-physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual-as "agree." In contrast, decision-making skills were rated as "strongly agree" for career decisions and "agree" for personal and relationship decisions. Findings revealed no significant influence of family structure on students' well-being and decision-making skills, except when grouped by sex. The study recommends enhanced support from the Department of Education (DepEd), school administrators, and teachers through capacity-building programs, career guidance, and value formation. Teachers are encouraged to provide instruction that fosters holistic development, while families should continue providing financial, emotional, and moral support. Future researchers may replicate the study in different contexts or locations.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
Students in Senior High School often struggle with key topics in General Mathematics 11, particul... more Students in Senior High School often struggle with key topics in General Mathematics 11, particularly equations, inequalities, and functions. To make learning more engaging and compelling, innovative instructional materials are needed. To address these difficulties, this study explored the use of CBS Cards, an educational card game designed as a supplementary instructional material to enhance learning and engagement in Mathematics. A mixed-method research design was employed, using a survey questionnaire to gather quantitative feedback from 15 Mathematics Teachers and 15 Expert Teachers selected through purposive sampling. At the same time, qualitative data were obtained through evaluators' and students' written comments and suggestions. Findings revealed that the least mastered competencies were solving rational equations and inequalities, solving exponential equations and inequalities, and performing operations on functions. Both groups of evaluators rated CBS Cards as highly acceptable, with grand weighted means of 3.97 (teachers) and 3.98 (experts). Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference between the two groups' evaluations, suggesting consistency in their assessment of the material. Qualitative feedback highlighted the game's potential to enhance numeracy skills, promote interaction, and boost student motivation. CBS Cards present an innovative and engaging approach to addressing persistent difficulties in General Mathematics. By integrating play with learning, they can enhance participation and mastery of complex concepts. Future studies may focus on testing the effectiveness of CBS Cards in actual classroom implementation and exploring their impact on student performance through experimental studies.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
This study identified the learning styles and learning beliefs of Grade 10 students at Julian Ena... more This study identified the learning styles and learning beliefs of Grade 10 students at Julian Enad Memorial National High School in their English subject for the 2024-2025 school year. It employs a convergent parallel mixed-methods design where quantitative and qualitative data were simultaneously gathered and analyzed separately. The study respondents were assessed using the VARK and BALLI research instruments for quantitative data collection, and samples were interviewed to gather qualitative data and determine the dominant learning styles and beliefs. The thematic analytical framework of Braun and Clarke was used to analyze data from the structured interviews of student participants and the FGD of English teachers. Findings revealed that students vary in learning styles and learning beliefs. Dominant learning styles are auditory, visual-spatial, and kinesthetic. The importance of learning English and challenges encountered are associated with the beliefs related to English difficulty, the Nature of Language Learning, Learning and communication Strategies, and Motivation and expectations. The study also found no significant difference in belief scores among the different learning style groups. The study's results also revealed that teachers use differentiated instruction to accommodate diverse learning styles. Factors in choosing appropriate strategies and resources depend on learners' attributes and curricular competencies. An instructional plan was proposed to address their learning styles and beliefs revealed from this study.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
This study aimed to determine the acceptability of rice wine as an additive in making ice cream a... more This study aimed to determine the acceptability of rice wine as an additive in making ice cream and to evaluate which of the different treatments yields the best quality in terms of color/appearance, texture, and flavor. Sensory evaluation was made by 15 laboratory panelists using 5 5-point Hedonic Scale. The data gathered were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with single factors, using a statistical significance level of p < .05, to determine if there were significant differences between treatments. Based on the overall results, there is no significant difference among treatments in terms of texture, flavor, and aroma; however, a significant difference is observed in terms of aroma. The hedonic rating given by the evaluators, ranging from 'attractive' to 'likely melted' and 'moderately desirable', proves that the addition of rice wine to ice cream is acceptable and considered an innovation in ice production. The use of rice wine as an additive to ice cream is generally acceptable.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
The research creates an updated technological framework that evaluates man-overboard recovery ski... more The research creates an updated technological framework that evaluates man-overboard recovery skills and distress signal capabilities. The system utilizes real-time tracking, distress signal transmission, and water detection features, which operate optimally in both calm and rough environmental conditions. The study employed an experimental approach using an Arduino-based system that underwent testing without initial functionality assurance in both open sea and freshwater locations. Three maritime experts confirmed the results through validated Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). According to the researchers' KPI, the CRESAFA system demonstrated outstanding proficiency in peaceful waters. The victim-tracking capability of the system achieved proficient levels during challenging conditions before showing further improvement in subsequent trials. The system provided immediate distress signal transmission, precise coordinate readings, and dependable wireless communication throughout all tests. The system achieved outstanding results in optimal conditions, yet its performance in rough environments suffered from power limitations. The research demonstrates how the system can enhance maritime safety and operational efficiency, particularly during man-overboard emergencies, while also revealing its performance strengths and weaknesses under various environmental conditions.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
This research evaluated the students' satisfaction with Student Affairs Services at Bohol Island ... more This research evaluated the students' satisfaction with Student Affairs Services at Bohol Island State University-Candijay Campus through a descriptive survey. The study had 974 student participants. The research tool measured the levels of satisfaction in nine areas of services, namely: Registrar Services, Library Services, School Clinic Services, Student Publication Services, Supreme Student Government Services, Guidance Services, Multi-faith Services, Cultural Services, and Sports Services. In each category, five specific items related to service delivery were used to measure. It was found that students were generally delighted with most services, while some of them rated the services as satisfactory. Overall, the outcomes suggest that the campus is successful in addressing student needs, although there is room for further improvement in certain areas of service.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 9, 2025
This study examined the level of parental involvement and its correlation with the academic achie... more This study examined the level of parental involvement and its correlation with the academic achievement of Grade 10 students at Can-avid National High School during the 2024-2025 school year. Grounded in Epstein's Framework of Parental Involvement and supported by sociocultural and motivational learning theories, the study aimed to assess parental engagement in three key areas: academic support, emotional and motivational support, and school-related engagement. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, utilizing a validated Likert-scale survey and students' General Weighted Averages (GWA) to gather data from 260 students and their parents. Findings revealed that parental involvement was high in academic (M = 4.07) and emotional support (M = 4.13), while moderate in school-related engagement (M = 3.67). Students demonstrated satisfactory academic achievement (Mean GWA = 89.94). Pearson correlation analysis indicated a moderate positive relationship between academic support (r = 0.52) and emotional support (r = 0.47) with academic achievement, while school-related engagement showed a weak but positive correlation (r = 0.39). The study concludes that academic and emotional forms of parental involvement significantly contribute to students' academic performance. It recommends strengthening home-based support strategies and expanding flexible communication channels between parents and schools to enhance overall student success.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 8, 2025
Lalaguna Marshland serves as a crucial breeding and habitat for various avian species. This study... more Lalaguna Marshland serves as a crucial breeding and habitat for various avian species. This study explores the observed changes in avian populations in the marshland and investigates the participation and awareness of the local community in its conservation efforts. It aligns with the Republic Act No. 1947, also known as the Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act, which mandates the involvement of individuals in the Philippines in protecting and preserving wildlife and their habitats. It also identifies community-perceived contributing factors to avian population fluctuations and analyzes their impact on local livelihoods, with a focus on communities that are directly reliant on the marshland's resources. This study employed a qualitative research design, specifically narrative inquiry, to investigate the observed changes in avian species populations over the past few years, as reported by local communities in the marshland. Likewise, it aims to determine the local community's perception of the contributing factors that have resulted in the fluctuation of the avian population in Lalaguna Marshland and how these fluctuations affect local livelihoods, particularly those dependent on the marshland. The findings suggest that seasonal changes and temporal availability have a significant impact on the avian population, with birds adapting to shifts in climate, habitat, and food availability. Factors contributing to these fluctuations include food abundance and seasonal migration, emphasizing the interdependence between birds and their environment. The study also demonstrated how changes in avian populations impact livelihood, presenting both challenges, such as bird-farmer conflicts, and benefits, including the aesthetic and therapeutic value of birdwatching. Additionally, locals suggested that environmental education, with the help of signage and awareness campaigns, is one of the most significant conservation strategies for mitigating the decline of avian populations. These findings highlight the importance of sustainable conservation efforts in maintaining ecological balance while supporting local livelihoods around the marshland. The research concludes with a compendium of conservation policies and strategies for stabilizing avian populations, securing ecological balance, and maintaining community livelihoods. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, environmental organizations, and future researchers to inform their revisitation of community-based conservation and biodiversity management.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 8, 2025
In light of the growing demand for high-quality instructional materials and the increasing integr... more In light of the growing demand for high-quality instructional materials and the increasing integration of technology in education, Learning Resource Management System (LRMS) coordinators are responsible for both pedagogical and technical tasks. However, many lack role-specific professional development frameworks, leading to gaps in competency that hinder the full potential of the LRMS in the Department of Education. This developmental research aimed to design, validate, and determine the acceptability of a standard competencies portfolio for public school LRMS coordinators in the Schools Division of Escalante City. The study involved 84 participants-42 LRMS coordinators and 42 school heads-selected through complete enumeration. Two researcher-made instruments, a survey questionnaire and a survey scale, were developed, validated by five experts using Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR), and tested for reliability through Cronbach's Alpha. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics to identify competency gaps and assess the instrument's reliability and acceptability. Results indicated that the developed competencies portfolio, covering core purpose, key outcomes, professional knowledge, skills and attitudes, leadership, ICT skills, and learning resource development processes, was valid, highly reliable, and very highly acceptable. The framework serves as both a selection guide for school heads and a professional growth tool for coordinators, enabling targeted training, coaching, and performance enhancement. Findings underscore the importance of standardized competency frameworks in strengthening educational resource management and ensuring consistent, high-quality service delivery. The study recommends the institutional adoption of the portfolio to align role expectations, guide training programs, and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of LRMS coordinators.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 8, 2025
The Ilongots and their oral literature play a significant role in Philippine culture and the iden... more The Ilongots and their oral literature play a significant role in Philippine culture and the identity of Filipinos; however, there is a dearth of documentation and critical analysis of their literature, such as their tales or dimolat. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the semiotics of the collected Ilongot folktales, or dimolat, by Laurence L. Wilson. Specifically, it sought to answer how the collected tales can be read in terms of their narrative structure and how the signs and symbols interpret the concept of the mountain, as expressed both implicitly and explicitly in the collected tales. Qualitative research employing critical analysis was used. The 22 Ilongot tales were mapped out according to the narrative functions and character roles as outlined by Vladimir Propp, Greimas's Actantial Model, and Roland Barthes's semiotic approach. Findings revealed that the tales conformed to a universal narrative structure but showed cultural specificity. Propp's character roles and Greimas's Actantial Model suggest that Ilongot stories feature the archetypal hero, helper, donor, and opponent; however, the opponents in the tales are not always individuals, but also abstract forces such as famine, fear, hunger, or death. Semiotic analysis further revealed that the concept of the mountain, as expressed in the tales, can be interpreted as a cradle of life, refuge, protection, provider, sustenance, sacred space, a site of isolation and testing, and keeper of cultural memory. The study concludes that the collected Ilongot tales serve not only as entertainment but as vessels of ancestral wisdom, moral education, and identity preservation. The mountain, both implicitly and explicitly expressed in these stories, symbolizes the Ilongot people's inseparable bond with their environment, history, and community. Future studies may employ different lenses to analyze the same collection and may also utilize the same methodology to explore other regional literatures, thereby understanding Filipino identity, preserving, and appreciating the literary pieces of their chosen ethnic group.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 8, 2025
The study aims to assess the degree of burnout and social support received by general education t... more The study aims to assess the degree of burnout and social support received by general education teachers handling inclusive classes at the identified schools in Cebu City Division for the school year 2023-2024. A descriptive correlational research design was employed, with a total of 30 teacher respondents from Abellana National School participating. The gathered quantitative data were statistically treated using frequency, simple percentage, weighted mean, and Pearson Correlation coefficient. The results show that there is no significant relationship between the degree of burnout and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal achievement, and social support in terms of appraisal, belonging, and tangible support. This suggests that general education teachers handling inclusive classrooms have a driving force to transform challenging situations into opportunities for learning among learners with diverse needs. Therefore, it is essential to equip teachers with the necessary skills for the effective implementation of inclusive education in the Philippines. Hence, it is hereby recommended to implement the intervention plan.
Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Oct 8, 2025
This study aimed to investigate the impact of innovative leadership on management practices in ru... more This study aimed to investigate the impact of innovative leadership on management practices in rural public schools in Cavite. With the evolving educational landscape influenced by globalization, technological advancements, and socioeconomic changes, educational leadership now emphasizes adaptability, inclusivity, and innovation. The research focused on how school principals implement innovative leadership, particularly through the integration of technology and flexibility, and how these practices affect resource management and decision-making processes. The study sought to answer key questions in terms of the level of innovative leadership by principals in terms of technology use and flexibility, the degree of management practices in terms of resource management and decision-making, the relationship between innovative leadership and management practices, and what actions could be proposed to enhance the use of innovative leadership to improve these management practices. This study used a quantitative, descriptivecorrelational design to explore the impact of innovative leadership on management practices in rural public schools in Cavite. The sample consisted of 40 teachers, determined through Raosoft's formula with a 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. A Likert scale survey was used and tested for reliability, yielding a Cronbach alpha score of 0.812. The study focused on four key areas: innovative leadership (encompassing technology and flexibility) and management practices (including resource management and decision-making). Respondents strongly agreed that principals effectively integrated technology into school leadership, with a mean of 4.60, although the use of technology for communication received the lowest agreement (mean of 4.48). The composite mean for technology integration was 4.56. Regarding flexibility, principals were highly rated for addressing changing needs (mean of 4.65), while the least agreement was found in their willingness to adjust schedules or resources (mean of 4.50). The composite mean for flexibility was 4.57. In terms of resource management, respondents strongly agreed that principals allocated resources for professional development (mean of 4.54). However, the least agreement was for ensuring adequate teaching materials (mean of 4.48), with a composite mean of 4.50. For decision-making, the highest agreement was for principals' communication of reasons behind their decisions (mean of 4.70), while the lowest was for encouraging collaboration and ensuring timely and fair decisions (mean of 4.48). The composite mean for decision-making was 4.56. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between innovative leadership and management practices, with p-values less than 0.01, confirming the impact of innovative leadership on resource management and decision-making. The findings highlighted the importance of technology and flexibility in improving management practices and provided recommendations for enhancing leadership capabilities in rural schools.
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Papers by Psychology and Education