Papers by William J A M E S sidis
Evolutionary Computing and Mobile Sustainable Networks, 2020
In recent times the need for automation has grown many folds. The need of the hour is to control ... more In recent times the need for automation has grown many folds. The need of the hour is to control and display the working of systems utilized in everyday life with a click of a button. This paper presents the designing and implementation of the parking management system (PMS) as a part of a building management system (BMS). Also, the paper suggests the methodology for the effective working of the building management system. The implementation of the communication protocol will be both wired and wireless for effective working. The user will be able to see the display of the status of occupancy immediately as the data will be updated through the Internet periodically. The objective is to reduce the search time required to search for any vacant slot for parking and indicating it, using red or green LED indicators and thus sending all the real-time information to a master server for monitoring purposes or to a display at the entrance. The ultrasonic parking system has been successfully checked and its design has been verified which successfully detects the presence or absence of vehicles under it and indicates it by blinking red/green LED, respectively. PMS is planned and strategised for interconnection using internet/intranet connectivity.
PLOS Genetics, 2021
Visual perception of the environment is mediated by specialized photoreceptor (PR) neurons of the... more Visual perception of the environment is mediated by specialized photoreceptor (PR) neurons of the eye. Each PR expresses photosensitive opsins, which are activated by a particular wavelength of light. In most insects, the visual system comprises a pair of compound eyes that are mainly associated with motion, color or polarized light detection, and a triplet of ocelli that are thought to be critical during flight to detect horizon and movements. It is widely believed that the evolutionary diversification of compound eye and ocelli in insects occurred from an ancestral visual organ around 500 million years ago. Concurrently, opsin genes were also duplicated to provide distinct spectral sensitivities to different PRs of compound eye and ocelli. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, Rhodopsin1 (Rh1) and Rh2 are closely related opsins that originated from the duplication of a single ancestral gene. However, in the visual organs, Rh2 is uniquely expressed in ocelli whereas Rh1 is uniq...
Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma
Surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) focuses on improving the clearance for h... more Surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) focuses on improving the clearance for hip motion and alleviation of femoral abutment against the acetabular rim. Cam type of impingement is managed by performing an osteochondroplasty to remove the excess impinging bone from the head neck junction, thus improving the head neck offset. This procedure can be done by safe surgical dislocation, arthroscopy assisted mini-open method or all arthroscopy technique. Whatever be the approach, adequate excision of the Cam deformity is necessary to avoid suboptimal results. Under-excision leads to persistent symptoms and progression of disease, while over-excision can lead to weak bone vulnerable to fracture or disturb the labral seal. Various techniques utilized for intra-operative evaluation of amount of excision required described in literature are fluoroscopy, spherometer gauges, intra-operative Computed Tomography (CT) scan, navigation etc. Rapid prototyping, also called as three di...
Journal of nucleic acids, 2017
Genetic factors including the level of expression of the fingerprint of genes involved in the dev... more Genetic factors including the level of expression of the fingerprint of genes involved in the development of bones and cartilage such as GDF-5 or ESR-α or CALM-1 are known to be strong determinants of the osteoarthritis (OA) in Caucasian and Oriental populations. Because of high prevalence of OA in Indian population and availability of limited genetic data, we determined whether similar genetic factors are involved in Indians as well. A case control study was carried out involving 500 patients of knee OA and equal number of healthy controls. Genotyping analyses in whole blood, mRNA, and protein expressions in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were performed using established protocols. Our results showed a significantly decreased level of mRNA and protein expressions for GDF-5, ESR-α, and CALM-1 genes in PBLs of OA cases when compared to healthy controls. The frequency of variant genotypes of these genes was also increased significantly in cases of OA compared to controls. Our res...
Social Networking, 2015
Data collection represents the most effort-intensive stage of any marketing research exercise, es... more Data collection represents the most effort-intensive stage of any marketing research exercise, especially in cases sampling frame is unavailable. Sub-optimal bypasses in form of student surveys or surveys employing convenience sampling have become common. In modern era, where laptops and smartphones enable easy accessibility of respondents online, this study utilizes Facebook advertisement as a source of data collection to measure the construct of user experience for interactive products. Modern digital devices, like smartphones, are a source of a variety of experiences for the user. Design teams at various smartphone manufacturers are struggling every day to create products which provide complete consumer experiences. This work not only proposes a framework for describing the same with usability, social value and pleasure in use, but also tests the scales for each by empirical validation. Data collection process through Facebook, as a sample frame, is something yet to be seen in marketing literature. This work goes the distance in not only demonstrating the efficacy of using Facebook advertisement as a viable data collection tool but also developing a framework to measure consumption value. Outcomes of the study, should promote further research using this sampling frame for future research, especially in the area of marketing.
International journal of mycobacteriology
The genus Mycobacterium has an ability to persist in hostile environments for years before its re... more The genus Mycobacterium has an ability to persist in hostile environments for years before its reactivation in favorable conditions. The major bottleneck in decades of mycobacterial research is a poor understanding of molecular mechanism which assists bacteria to attain dormancy and reactivation later. In this study, hydroxyl radical was quantified in aerobically growing mycobacterial cells using 2-deoxy-D-ribose assay. Furthermore, extraneous addition of hydroxyl radical in Wayne's dormancy model induced reactivation of dormant cells. The whole proteome of all three samples, namely, aerobic, Wayne dormancy, and hydroxyl radical reactivated cells was isolated, trypsin digested, and peptides are quantitatively characterized by liquid chromatography-elevated energy mass spectrometry. This study reports the generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radical by Mycobacterium smegmatis during aerobic respiration. The hydroxyl radical levels can be managed by modulation of iron ions in th...
PLoS genetics, Apr 1, 2018
The central nervous system develops from monolayered neuroepithelial sheets. In a first step patt... more The central nervous system develops from monolayered neuroepithelial sheets. In a first step patterning mechanisms subdivide the seemingly uniform epithelia into domains allowing an increase of neuronal diversity in a tightly controlled spatial and temporal manner. In Drosophila, neuroepithelial patterning of the embryonic optic placode gives rise to the larval eye primordium, consisting of two photoreceptor (PR) precursor types (primary and secondary), as well as the optic lobe primordium, which during larval and pupal stages develops into the prominent optic ganglia. Here, we characterize a genetic network that regulates the balance between larval eye and optic lobe precursors, as well as between primary and secondary PR precursors. In a first step the proneural factor Atonal (Ato) specifies larval eye precursors, while the orphan nuclear receptor Tailless (Tll) is crucial for the specification of optic lobe precursors. The Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways act upstream of Ato...
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2016
We have used computational methodology based on the density functional theory to describe both co... more We have used computational methodology based on the density functional theory to describe both copper(I) and copper(II) oxides, followed by the investigation of a number of different low index CuO surfaces. Different magnetic orderings of all the surfaces were studied, and reconstructions of the polar surfaces are proposed. A detailed discussion on stabilities, electronic structure, and magnetic properties is presented. CuO(111) and CuO(111) were found to have the lowest surface energies, and their planes dominate in the calculated Wulff morphology of the CuO crystal. We next investigated the adsorption of CO 2 on the three most exposed CuO surfaces, viz., (111), (111), and (011), by exploring various adsorption sites and configurations. We show that the CO 2 molecule is activated on the CuO surfaces, with an adsorption energy of −93 kJ/mol on the (011) surface, showing exothermic adsorption, while (111) and (111) surfaces show comparatively weak adsorption. The activation of the CO 2 molecule is characterized by large structural transformations and significant charge transfer, i.e., forming a negatively charged bent CO 2 −δ species with elongated C−O bonds, which is further confirmed by vibrational analyses showing considerable red shift in the frequencies as a result of the activation.
Qualitative and Quantitative Proteomic Analyses via Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology
Handbook of Proteomic Methods, 2003
The integration of multidimensional chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS) as a proteomic tool... more The integration of multidimensional chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS) as a proteomic tool has developed into a mature technology that is impacting biological discovery. Early descriptions of coupled two-dimensional chromatography and MS systems focused on protein separation and hinted at the potential of the concepts but failed to identify large numbers of proteins in a sample (reviewed in ref. 1). Link et al. (2) reported a dramatic improvement in the integration of multidimensional chromatography and MS by coupling two-dimensional chromatography of peptides, rather than proteins, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in a method named direct analysis of large protein complexes (DALPC). In a tandem mass spectrometer, peptides can be fragmented in a predictable fashion, which allows for the computational determination of the peptide sequence and therefore the identification of the protein from which the peptide was derived (3). In DALPC, 80 proteins were found in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal preparation and 189 total proteins from a S. cerevisiae soluble protein extract (2). DALPC is now commonly referred to as multidimensional protein identification (MudPIT).
Polymer Journal, 2007
Nylon-6 [-(CH 2) 5-NHCO-] n (NY6) is a synthetic polymer widely used in industrial applications. ... more Nylon-6 [-(CH 2) 5-NHCO-] n (NY6) is a synthetic polymer widely used in industrial applications. It has a planar zigzag conformation. A comprehensive study of the normal modes and their dispersion in NY6 using Urey Bradley force field is being reported. Crossing between the various pairs of modes of dispersion curves have been explained as arising due to internal symmetry in the energy momentum space. The heat capacity derived from the dispersion curves via the density-of-states, is in good agreement with the experimental measurements obtained from the Athas data bank.
Endocrinology, 2010
Cholecystokinin (CCK), an endogenous brain-gut peptide, is released after food intake and promote... more Cholecystokinin (CCK), an endogenous brain-gut peptide, is released after food intake and promotes the process of satiation via activation of the vagus nerve. In vitro, CCK increases cytosolic calcium concentrations and produces membrane depolarization in a subpopulation of vagal afferent neurons. However, the specific mechanisms and ionic conductances that mediate these effects remain unclear. In this study we used calcium imaging, electrophysiological measurements, and single cell PCR analysis on cultured vagal afferent neurons to address this issue directly. A cocktail of blockers of voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) failed to block CCK-induced calcium responses. In addition, SKF96365, a compound that blocks both VDCC and the C family of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, also failed to prevent responses to CCK. Together these results suggest that CCK-induced calcium influx is not subsequent to the membrane depolarization. Ruthenium red, an inhibitor of the TRPV...
ACS Omega, 2019
We have used the density functional theory within the plane-wave framework to understand the reco... more We have used the density functional theory within the plane-wave framework to understand the reconstruction of most stable (110) chalcopyrite surfaces. Reconstructions of the polar surfaces are proposed, and three different possible nonpolar terminations for the (110) surface, namely, I, II, and III, are investigated. A detailed discussion on stabilities of all three surface terminations is carried out. It is generally observed that the (110) chalcopyrite surfaces encounter significant reconstruction in which the metal Fe and Cu cations in the first atomic layer considerably move downward to the surface, while the surface S anions migrate slightly outward toward the surface. We also investigated the adsorption of the CO 2 molecule on the three terminations for the (110) surface by exploring various adsorption sites and configurations using density functional theory calculations, in which long-range dispersion interactions are taken into consideration. We show that the CO 2 molecule is adsorbed and activated, while spontaneous dissociation of the CO 2 molecule is also observed on the (110) surfaces. Structural change from a neutral linear molecule to a negatively charged (CO 2 −δ) slightly or considerably bent species with stretched C−O bond distances are highlighted for description of the activation of the CO 2 molecule. The results address the potential catalytic activity of the (110) chalcopyrite toward the reduction and conversion of CO 2 to the organic molecule, which is appropriate to the production of liquid fuels.
Advanced Functional Materials, 2016
Hybrid metal oxide nano-and microstructures exhibit novel properties, which make them promising c... more Hybrid metal oxide nano-and microstructures exhibit novel properties, which make them promising candidates for a wide range of applications, including gas sensing. In this work, the characteristics of the hybrid ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 and ZnO-Zn 2 SnO 4 tetrapod (T) networks are investigated in detail. The gas sensing studies reveal improved performance of the hybrid networks compared to pure ZnO-T networks. For the ZnO-T-Bi 2 O 3 networks, an enhancement in H 2 gas response is obtained, although the observed p-type sensing behavior is attributed to the formed junctions between the arms of ZnO-T covered with Bi 2 O 3 and the modulation of the regions where holes accumulate under exposure to H 2 gas. In ZnO-T-Zn 2 SnO 4 networks, a change in selectivity to CO gas with high response is noted. The devices based on individual ZnO-T-Bi 2 O 3 and ZnO-T-Zn 2 SnO 4 structures showed an enhanced H 2 gas response, which is explained on the basis of interactions (electronic sensitization) between the ZnO-T arm and Bi 2 O 3 shell layer and single Schottky contact structure, respectively. Density functional theory-based calculations provide mechanistic insights into the interaction of H 2 and CO gas molecules with Bi-and Sn-doped ZnO(0001) surfaces, revealing changes in the Fermi energies, as well as charge transfer between the molecules and surface species, which facilitate gas sensing.
Global climate is changing rapidly and is accompanied by large-scale fragmentation and destructio... more Global climate is changing rapidly and is accompanied by large-scale fragmentation and destruction of habitats. Since dispersal is the first line of defense for mobile organisms to cope with such adversities in their environment, it is important to understand the causes and consequences of evolution of dispersal. Although dispersal is a complex phenomenon involving multiple dispersal-traits like propensity (tendency to leave the natal patch) and ability (to travel long distances), the relationship between these traits is not always straight-forward, it is not clear whether these traits can evolve simultaneously or not, and how their interactions affect the overall dispersal profile. To investigate these issues, we subjected four large (N∼2500) outbred populations of Drosophila melanogaster to artificial selection for increased dispersal, in a setup that mimicked increasing habitat fragmentation over 33 generations. The propensity and ability of the selected populations were signific...
Although a large number of methods have been proposed to control the non-linear dynamics of unsta... more Although a large number of methods have been proposed to control the non-linear dynamics of unstable populations, very few have been actually adopted for application. One reason for this gap is the fact that few control methods have been empirically verified using biological populations. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of two well-studied control methods (Both Limiter Control and Target-Oriented Control) on the dynamics of unstable populations ofDrosophila melanogaster. We show that both methods can significantly reduce population fluctuations, decrease extinction probability and increase effective population size simultaneously. This is in contrast with single parameter control methods that are not able to achieve multiple aspects of stability at the same time. We use the distribution of population sizes to derive biologically intuitive explanations for the mechanisms of how these two control methods attain stability. Finally, we show that non-Drosophila specific...
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2010
Background Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) keratitis is a leading cause of corneal blindness. Definiti... more Background Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) keratitis is a leading cause of corneal blindness. Definitive laboratory diagnosis is essential for timely management. Collection of corneal scrapings in patients with advanced epithelial keratitis and corneal thinning poses perforation risks; tear fluid is a feasible and convenient alternative but has not been widely evaluated for HSV detection. Methods Tear fluid alone (229) or along with corneal scrapings (153) from patients of suspected herpetic keratitis was tested for HSV-1 antigen by indirect immunofluorescence assay, virus isolation in Hep 2 cells and PCR to amplify the 111 bp region of the thymidine kinase (tk) coding gene and the 144 bp region from the DNA polymerase coding gene of HSV. Results HSV 1 antigen was detected in 31/229 (13.53%) tear specimen and 35/153 (22.87%) corneal scrapings in immunofluorescence assay; virus was isolated from 12/229 (5.2%) tear and 17/153 (11.11%) corneal scrapings, and PCR was positive for both the genes in 32/229 (13.97%) tear specimen and 56/153 (36.66%) corneal scrapings. Conclusion Corneal scrapings yielded a significantly better HSV positivity than tears in both the PCR assay (p<0.0005) and immunofluorescence assay. PCR was much more sensitive than immunofluorescence and virus isolation. However, tears should be tested for definitive laboratory diagnosis of HSV infection whenever corneal scraping collection is not possible.
Biotechnology Research and Innovation, 2019
The present work describes a novel attempt to produce three different stable formulations (myco-g... more The present work describes a novel attempt to produce three different stable formulations (myco-granules, myco-tablets and myco-capsule) of Beauveria bassiana fungi targeted against multimetal (Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Zn and Pb) containing synthetic wastewater. Locally available low cost substrate (rice flour) was used for the production of these formulations. Shelf life of the above the formulations stored at 30 • C temperature was evaluated in terms of viability, biomass production and multimetal removal over the period of one year at a regular interval of 4 months. It was observed that myco-granules and myco-capsules were more stable formulations as compared to myco-tables in control conditions as well as with multimetal. In the initial phase of studies, maximum multimetal removal (93%) were observed with myco-granules and myco-capsules followed by myco-tablet (83.5%). The multimetal removal ability of all three formulation decreased by 37.6%, 53.1% and 48.5% for myco-granules, myco-capsules and mycotablet, respectively, after 12 months of storage. Further, morphological changes caused by the multimetal toxicity were analyzed using SEM, AFM and FTIR. The developed formulations have the potential of remediating multimetal containing wastewater. Further, its prolonged shelf life at ambient temperature highlighted its superiority over conventional means of microbial storage.
Oncotarget, Jan 13, 2018
Previously, it has been stated that the BCR-ABL fusion-protein is sufficient to induce Chronic My... more Previously, it has been stated that the BCR-ABL fusion-protein is sufficient to induce Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), but additional genomic-changes are required for disease progression. Hence, we profiled control and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) alone or in combination with other drug-treated CML-samples in different phases, categorized as drug-sensitive and drug-resistant on the basis of BCR-ABL transcripts, the marker of major molecular-response. Molecular-profiling was done using the molecular-inversion probe-based-array, Human Transcriptomics-Array2.0, and Axiom-Biobank genotyping-arrays. At the transcript-level, clusters of control, TKI-resistant and TKI-sensitive cases were correlated with BCR-ABL transcript-levels. Both at the gene- and exon-levels, up-regulation of MPO, TPX2, and TYMS and down-regulation of STAT6, FOS, TGFBR2, and ITK lead up-regulation of the cell-cycle, DNA-replication, DNA-repair pathways and down-regulation of the immune-system, chemokine- and inte...
Veterinary world, 2018
Regulation of pH in spermatozoa is a complex and dynamic process as sperm cells encounter differe... more Regulation of pH in spermatozoa is a complex and dynamic process as sperm cells encounter different pH gradients during their journey from testes to the site of fertilization in female genital tract. The precise regulations of pH in sperm cells regulate the sperm functions such as motility, hyperactivity, capacitation, and acrosome reaction. Electrophysiological, pharmacological, and molecular studies have revealed the presence of different ion channels and exchanger systems which regulate intracellular pH in sperm cells as well as regulate sperm functions. Recent studies also have shown the potential involvement of pH in the regulation of fertility competence of sperm cells, and alterations in pH have shown to impede sperm functions. This mini-review discusses the probable mechanisms involved in pH regulation in sperm cells and how pH is involved in regulation of various sperm functions.
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Papers by William J A M E S sidis