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DOC: simplify hat graph example #30459

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Aug 24, 2025
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DOC: simplify hat graph example #30459

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40 changes: 16 additions & 24 deletions galleries/examples/lines_bars_and_markers/hat_graph.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -29,35 +29,28 @@ def hat_graph(ax, xlabels, values, group_labels):
The group labels displayed in the legend.
"""

def label_bars(heights, rects):
"""Attach a text label on top of each bar."""
for height, rect in zip(heights, rects):
ax.annotate(f'{height}',
xy=(rect.get_x() + rect.get_width() / 2, height),
xytext=(0, 4), # 4 points vertical offset.
textcoords='offset points',
ha='center', va='bottom')

values = np.asarray(values)
x = np.arange(values.shape[1])
ax.set_xticks(x, labels=xlabels)
spacing = 0.3 # spacing between hat groups
width = (1 - spacing) / values.shape[0]
heights0 = values[0]
for i, (heights, group_label) in enumerate(zip(values, group_labels)):
style = {'fill': False} if i == 0 else {'edgecolor': 'black'}
rects = ax.bar(x - spacing/2 + i * width, heights - heights0,
width, bottom=heights0, label=group_label, **style)
label_bars(heights, rects)
color_cycle_colors = plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle'].by_key()['color']

# Draw the hats
bars = ax.grouped_bar(
(values - values[0]).T, bottom=values[0], tick_labels=xlabels,
labels=group_labels, edgecolor='black', group_spacing=0.8,
colors=['none'] + color_cycle_colors)

# Attach a text label on top of each bar
for bc, heights in zip(bars.bar_containers, values):
ax.bar_label(bc, heights, padding=4)

# initialise labels and a numpy array make sure you have

# Initialise labels and a numpy array make sure you have
# N labels of N number of values in the array
xlabels = ['I', 'II', 'III', 'IV', 'V']
playerA = np.array([5, 15, 22, 20, 25])
playerB = np.array([25, 32, 34, 30, 27])

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
fig, ax = plt.subplots(layout='constrained')

hat_graph(ax, xlabels, [playerA, playerB], ['Player A', 'Player B'])

# Add some text for labels, title and custom x-axis tick labels, etc.
Expand All @@ -67,7 +60,6 @@ def label_bars(heights, rects):
ax.set_title('Scores by number of game and players')
ax.legend()

fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()
# %%
#
Expand All @@ -76,8 +68,8 @@ def label_bars(heights, rects):
# The use of the following functions, methods, classes and modules is shown
# in this example:
#
# - `matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar` / `matplotlib.pyplot.bar`
# - `matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate` / `matplotlib.pyplot.annotate`
# - `matplotlib.axes.Axes.grouped_bar` / `matplotlib.pyplot.grouped_bar`
# - `matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar_label` / `matplotlib.pyplot.bar_label`
#
# .. tags::
#
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