Jupyter kernels

Kernel Zero is IPython, which you can get through ipykernel, and is still a dependency of jupyter. The IPython kernel can be thought of as a reference implementation, as CPython is for Python.

Here is a list of available Jupyter kernels. If you are writing your own kernel, feel free to add it to the table!

Language(s) Version	Name	Jupyter/IPython Version	3rd party dependencies	Example Notebooks	Notes
	LFortran				Main repository at GitHub
	JupyterQ (KX Official Kernel)	Jupyter	kdb+ ≥ v3.5 64-bit, Python ≥ 3.6, embedPy	Notebook Examples
Dockerfile	dockerfile-kernel	JupyterLab	Docker		User should be in the docker group.
C++ (root C++)	https://root.cern/install/
Dot/graphviz	jupyter-dot-kernel	Jupyter >= 4.0	graphviz version 2.40.1
ESP8266/ESP32	MicroPython	Jupyter	USB or Webrepl	developer notebooks	relies on the micro-controller's paste-mode
Elixir >= 1.5	IElixir	Jupyter >= 4.0	Erlang OTP >= 19.3, Rebar	example Boyle example example usage with Matrex library	IElixir Docker image, IElixir Notebook in Docker
Emacs Lisp	ielisp	Jupyter	emacs-zmq
Erlang	IErlang	IPython 2.3	rebar
Erlang >= 19, Elixir >= 1.4, LFE 1.2	ierl	Jupyter >= 4.0	Erlang, (optional) Elixir
F#	IFSharp	Jupyter 4		Features
Forth	IForth	IPython >= 3
Forth	peforth	IPython 6/Jupyter 5		Example	python debugger in FORTH syntax
Fortran 2008/2015	Coarray-Fortran	Jupyter 4.0	GFortran >= 7.1, OpenCoarrays, MPICH >= 3.2	Demo, Binder demo	Docker image
GAP >= 4.10	GAP Kernel	Jupyter		Binder demo	A Jupyter kernel for the computational algebra system GAP.
Galileo >= 0.1.3	iGalileo	Jupyter >= 4, JupyterLab			Docker image
Ghc >= 7.6	IHaskell				Demo
Gnuplot	Gnuplot Kernel			Example	MetaKernel
Go >= 1.21	GoNB	Jupyter >= 5		Tutorial Binder Live Demo
Go >= 1.4	IGo				Unmaintained, use gophernotes
Go >= 1.6	gopherlab	Jupyter 4.1, JupyterLab	ZeroMQ (4.x)	examples	Deprecated, use gophernotes
Go >= 1.8	lgo	Jupyter >= 4, JupyterLab	ZeroMQ (4.x)	Example	Docker image
Go >= 1.9	Gophernotes	Jupyter 4, JupyterLab, nteract	ZeroMQ 4.x.x	examples	docker image
GrADS >= 2.0	GrADS kernel
Guile 2.0.12	Guile	Jupyter 5.2	guile-json, openssl
HiveQL	HiveQL Kernel	Jupyter >= 5	pyhive		Display HiveQL queries in HTML tables
Home Assistant	PyScript	Jupyter	Home Assistant	Tutorial
Hy	Hy Kernel	Jupyter		Tutorial	treats Hy as Python pre-processor
Hy	Calysto Hy	Jupyter		Tutorial	based on MetaKernel (magics, shell, parallel, etc.)
IDL	idl_kernel				IDL seem to have a built-in kernel starting with version 8.5
Intel Assembly Language	Emu86 Kernel	Jupyter		Tutorial
Io.js	jove
J 805-807 (J901beta)	J	Jupyter Notebook/Lab		Examples
Java & Rascal	Bacatá	Jupyter	ZeroMQ & Rascal	Example	A Jupyter kernel generator for domain-specific languages.
Java 11+, Groovy, Javascript, Kotlin, Scala, Apache Spark, and more	Ganymede	Jupyter >= 4.0	JShell, Apache Maven Resolver	Examples
Java 9	IJava	Jupyter	Java JDK >= 9	Binder online demo	Based on the new JShell tool
Java 11+	DFLib JJava	Jupyter	Jupyter and JVM		Started as a fork of iJava. Modern, active and well-supported. Provides extensions API for custom library integrations
JavaScript, Ruby, Python, R, and more	IPolyglot	Jupyter	GraalVM	Example Polyglot Notebook	Dockerfile
Julia >= 0.3	IJulia
Jython 2.7	IJython
Jython>=2.7.0	Jython	Jupyter>=4.0	Java>=7		Java based JSR223 compliant
Kotlin	kotlin-jupyter	Jupyter	Java >= 8	Samples
Livescript >= 1.5	jp-LiveScript				Based on IJavascript and jpCoffeescript
Lua	Lua Kernel
Lua	IPyLua				Fork of Lua Kernel
Lua	ILua
Lua	Lua (used in Splash)
Mac Os X	Pharo Smalltalk	IPython >= 3		Binder demo	Paro 64 bits native kernel, zeromq
Macaulay2	Macaulay2 Jupyter Kernel		Macaulay2	Demo
Mathics	IMathics
MATLAB >= 2016b	imatlab	ipykernel >= 4.1
Matlab	MATLAB Kernel	Jupyter	pymatbridge	Example	MetaKernel
Matlab	MKernel	Jupyter	ipykernel, matlabengine, wurlitzer	Example	Optimized for both Jupyter and Quarto
Maxima	Maxima-Jupyter	Jupyter	Quicklisp
MIPS32 Assembly Language	MIPS Jupyter Kernel	Jupyter	Python3, SPIM	Example	Driven by Python3 and Pexpect
MIT Scheme 9.2	mit-scheme-kernel	Jupyter 4.0
Mochi	Mochi Kernel
MongoDB	iMongo
Natural languages	iTTS		speech-dispatcher	Example	Currently cannot output sound into files or blobs because of limitations of speech-dispatcher
NodeJS, Babel, Clojurescript	jupyter-nodejs	Jupyter, iPython 3.x		Examples
NodeJs 12	nelu-kernelu	Jupyter	NodeJs 12.3+	Examples	An advanced NodeJs Jupyter kernel supporting comms and displays among other things.
NodeJs >= 0.10	IJavascript
OCaml >= 4.01	IOCaml	IPython >= 1.1	opam
OCaml >= 4.02	OCaml-Jupyter	Jupyter >= 4.0	opam	Example	Docker image
Octave	IOctave	Jupyter		Example	MetaKernel
Octave	xeus-octave	Jupyter		Example
PARI/GP >= 2.9	pari_jupyter	Jupyter 4
PHP >= 5.4	IPHP	IPython >= 2	composer		DEPRECATED, use Jupyter-PHP
PHP >= 7.0.0	Jupyter-PHP	Jupyter 4.0	composer, php-zmq
Perl 5	IPerl
Perl 6	IPerl6
Perl 6.C	Jupyter-Perl6	Jupyter	Rakudo Perl 6
Perl 6.c	Perl6	Jupyter >= 4	zeromq 4
Pike >= 7.8	Pike	IPython >= 3			Wrapper, Based on Bash Kernel
PostScript	IPostScript		`gs` (ghostscript)
Powershell	PowerShell	IPython >= 3			Wrapper, Based on Bash Kernel
Processing.js >= 2	Calysto Processing				MetaKernel
Prolog	Prolog				MetaKernel
Purescript	IPurescript
Pyspark (Python 2 & 3), Spark (Scala), SparkR (R)	sparkmagic	Jupyter >=4.0	Livy	Notebooks, Docker Images	This kernels are implemented via the magics machinery of the ipython kernel to use Spark via Livy
Python	MetaKernel Python				MetaKernel
Python 2.7	AIML chatbot	Jupyter 4	pyAIML	Examples
Python 2.7 or >=3.4	SPARQL	Jupyter 4	rdflib, SPARQLWrapper	Examples	Optional GraphViz dependency
Python 2.7, >= 3.3	IPyKernel	Jupyter 4.0	pyzmq
Python >= 3.3	sas_kernel	Jupyter 4.0	SAS 9.4 or higher
Python >= 3.5, scala >= 2.11	spylon-kernel	ipykernel >=4.5	Apache Spark >=2.0	Example	MetaKernel
Python >=3.4	SoS	Jupyter 4	Support kernels for bash, python2/3, matlab/octabe, javascript, julia, R, Stata, SAS, and more	Examples	Workflow system, Multi-Kernel support
Python>=3.7.5, Groovy>3	Micronaut		Micronaut	Examples	Compatible with BeakerX
Python	Jupyter on Golem	JupyterLab >= 4.0.2	yagna >=0.12.2, jupyter >= 1.0.0, pandas >=2.0.2, tensorflow-cpu >= 2.12.0, matplotlib >= 3.7.1	Examples	Python kernel, which enables JupyterLab to run Python Notebooks on decentralized Golem Network
Q	KDB+/Q Kernel (IKdbQ)	IPython >= 3.1	qzmq, qcrypt
Q	KDB+/Q Kernel (KdbQ Kernel)	Jupyter
Q	PyQ Kernel	Jupyter		Python for kdb+
Q#	IQSharp	Jupyter 4		QuantumKatas
R 3.2	IRKernel	IPython 3.0	rzmq
R >= 4.0	RKernel	Jupyter	R packages: tools, utils, pbdZMQ (>= 0.2-1), jsonlite (>= 0.9.6), uuid, digest, R6, svglite, repr, htmltools, htmlwidgets, base64enc; Python package: jupyter-server-proxy	Example Notebooks	A kernel for R, a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. This kernel relies on the the more recent R6 class system and fully supports interactive widgets based on ipywidgets version 8
Racket >= 6.10	IRacket	IPython >= 3	Racket, ZeroMQ	Example
Raku	Raku-Jupyter-Kernel	Jupyter	Raku	examples
Redis	Redis Kernel	IPython >= 3			Wrapper
Ruby >= 2.3	IRuby
Rust >= 1.29.2	EvCxR Jupyter Kernel	Jupyter 4, JupyterLab, nteract	ZeroMQ 4.x.x	Examples, Binder online demo
SQL	Teradata SQL kernel and extensions	JupyterLab >= 3.0		Example Notebooks
SQL	mariadb_kernel	Jupyter Notebook/Lab	Internal Dependencies, MariaDB Server	Binder notebook	A Jupyter kernel for the MariaDB Open Source database
SWI-Prolog	SWI-Prolog	Jupyter >=4.0			https://hub.docker.com/r/jm1337/jupyter-prolog-notebook/
Sbt >= 1.0.0	Isbt	Jupyter 4.3.0	sbt	example
Scala	IScala
Scala, Python, R	Apache Toree (Spark Kernel)	Jupyter	Spark >= 1.5	Example
Scala>=2.10	almond (Jupyter-scala)	IPython>=3.0		examples	Docs
Scheme	Calysto Scheme			Reference Guide	MetaKernel
Scilab	IScilab	Jupyter		Example	MetaKernel
SetlX	ISetlX	Jupyter		Example
Singular 4.1.0	jupyter_kernel_singular	Jupyter		Demo	Optional PySingular for better performance, surf for images, details
Skulpt Python	Skulpt Python Kernel			Examples	MetaKernel
GNU Smalltalk	GNU Smalltalk Kernel	Jupyter	GNU Smalltalk
Stata	stata_kernel	Jupyter >=5	Stata >=14		Communicates natively with Stata
Stata	iPyStata	Jupyter	Stata	Example Notebook	Implemented using magics machinery of ipython.
Stata >= 17	pystata-kernel				Communicates with Stata through the pystata official Python bindings
Stata >= 17	nbstata	Jupyter >= 5.2	pystata, ipydatagrid	stata example
StuPyd	StuPyd Kernel	Jupyter >= 4	Python3, antlr4-python3-runtime >= 4.7.1	nbviewer demo
Systemtap >= 4.9, Python >= 3.10	ISystemtap	ipykernel>=6.15	NodeJS	ISystemtap.ipynb	Podman image
TaQL	TaQL	Jupyter	python-casacore	TaQL tutorial
Tcl 8.5	Tcl	Jupyter			Based on Bash Kernel
Tcl 8.6	Tcl	Jupyter		Binder demo	Written from scratch with a patched Tcl zmq binding
Torch 7 (LuaJIT)	ITorch	IPython >= 2.2 and <= 5.x
Typescript 3.7.2, JavaScript ESNext	tslab		Node.js	Example notebooks	Jupyter kernel for JavaScript and TypeScript - npm
Typescript >= 2.0	ITypeScript		Node.js >= 0.10.0
V1.1	Common Workflow Language (CWL) Kernel			examples directory
VPython	IVisual			Ball-in-Box
Vim script	A Jupyter kernel for Vim script	Jupyter
Whitespace 0.1	Whitenote	Jupyter>=5	Go>=1.19	example.ipynb	Docker image
Wolfram Mathematica	Wolfram Language for Jupyter		Wolfram Engine, i.e., a Wolfram Desktop or Mathematica installation; `wolframscript` is optional but recommended		A Jupyter kernel for the Wolfram Language (Mathematica).
Wolfram Mathematica	IWolfram		Wolfram Mathematica(R), Metakernel		MetaKernel
Xonsh	Xonsh			Example	MetaKernel
YACAS	Yacas
Zsh >= 5.3	Z shell	IPython >= 3		Example

Many kernels are available for installation on PyPI.

Additional Related Projects

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pixiedust_node - PixieDust extension that enable a Jupyter Notebook user to invoke Node.js commands.