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Kedudukan Alat Bukti Elektronik dalam Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Hasnawati, Hasnawati; Safrin, Mohammad
AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Vol 5 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah INSURI Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almanhaj.v5i2.2878

Abstract

The legal implications caused by social change, especially technological developments (electronic devices) lie in the need for evidence by presenting electronic evidence in court. In Indonesian criminal law, the use of electronic evidence has actually been regulated. This study aims to determine and analyze the status of electronic evidence, especially in criminal trials after the enactment of the ITE Law and to find out the role of electronic evidence in Indonesian criminal law. Then it is reviewed and analyzed the characteristics and analysis of the electronic evidence so that it can be used as a reference for the judge's opinion in court. This search is a library search or literature search. The material is taken from various literature related to research. This journal writing method uses normative legal methods using statutory approaches and conceptual approaches. The results of the study show that the Criminal Procedure Code is still general in nature and does not recognize evidence in electronic form that can be used as a source of interest as evidence in court cases, electronic evidence itself is a form of expansion/development of evidence guidance so that in the Criminal Procedure Code the status is electronic evidence evidence.. Based on a survey on the status of electronic evidence in Indonesian criminal law, the status of electronic evidence according to ITE (Electronic Information and Transaction Law) is considered valid as long as the authenticity of the evidence can be proven and recognized by professionals. and submitted in accordance with applicable regulations.
Exclusion of the principle of non-refoulement in article 33 paragraph 2 of the 1951 refuge convention Yatani, Vincent Godana; Safrin, Mohammad; Wagian, Diangsa
Ex Aequo Et Bono Journal Of Law Vol. 1 No. 1: (July) 2023
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/eaebjol.v1i1.2023.108

Abstract

This study aims to examine whether non-refoulement in the refugee context has attained the status of a jus cogens norm or not and how the exceptions in Article 33(2) should be understood if non-refoulement is indeed considered as a jus cogens. This research adopts a normative juridical analysis approach to critically examine the status of the principle of non-refoulement. The study concludes that the principle of non-refoulement qualifies as a norm of jus cogens based on several key criteria. Firstly, it satisfies the requirements of a jus cogens norm by addressing matters of common concern to the international community, serving humanitarian purposes, and aligning with principles outlined in the UN Charter relating to treaties and the use of force in international relations. Secondly, the exception outlined in Article 33 Paragraph 2 of the Refugee Convention does not alter the non-derogable nature of the principle of non-refoulement. The fulfillment of Article 33 Paragraph 2 is contingent upon strict conditions and necessitates objective evidence to be provided by a country. The research is intended to contribute to the understanding of the normative status of the principle of non-refoulement within the framework of international refugee law.