Manya Rathore
Research expert covering India
China and the United States: dominance of the energy sector - statistics & facts
The United States and China have a pivotal role in the global energy sector, one being the historical hegemon and the other the emerging power. Since the early 2000s, China has surpassed the U.S. as the largest producer and consumer of energy in the world, despite having a per person consumption around half that of the U.S. Fossil fuels supplied over 80 percent of the energy consumed in each country as of 2023.
In the U.S., 2025 was marked by the commitment to fossil fuels and a protectionist turn meant to boost the domestic energy sector. In contrast, China has strategically expanded its non-conventional energy sector, all the while maintaining a weak commitment to decarbonization.
In the U.S., 2025 was marked by the commitment to fossil fuels and a protectionist turn meant to boost the domestic energy sector. In contrast, China has strategically expanded its non-conventional energy sector, all the while maintaining a weak commitment to decarbonization.
