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n=number of effect sizes. k = number of papers (primary studies). N = total sample size, which is calculated by summing up the number of firms on which effect size estimates are based. Mean rho = estimated popu- lation mean partial correlation coefficient. The significance tests for mean differences are two-tailed t-tests.

Table 11 n=number of effect sizes. k = number of papers (primary studies). N = total sample size, which is calculated by summing up the number of firms on which effect size estimates are based. Mean rho = estimated popu- lation mean partial correlation coefficient. The significance tests for mean differences are two-tailed t-tests.

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Ownership type: 1 = Family/Management ownership; 2 = Government ownership; 3 = Institutional/Foreign ownership. Performance indicator: ROA = Re on assets; Tobin’s Q = Market value of assets/Book value of assets; ROS = Return on sales; EBITDA = Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and a1 tization; M/B ratio = Market value of equity/Book value of equity; ROE = Return on equity; P/E ratio = Price/Earnings ratio. The sample size and sample pe are the largest sample size and longest sample period used in an empirical paper if the paper uses both the full sample and sub-samples in its regression anal
Ownership type: 1 = Family/Management ownership; 2 = Government ownership; 3 = Institutional/Foreign ownership. Performance indicator: ROA = Re on assets; Tobin’s Q = Market value of assets/Book value of assets; ROS = Return on sales; EBITDA = Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and a1 tization; M/B ratio = Market value of equity/Book value of equity; ROE = Return on equity; P/E ratio = Price/Earnings ratio. The sample size and sample pe are the largest sample size and longest sample period used in an empirical paper if the paper uses both the full sample and sub-samples in its regression anal
n = number of effect sizes. k = number of papers (primary studies). N = total sample size, which is calcu- lated by summing up the number of firms on which effect size estimates are based. Mean rho = estimated mean population partial correlation coefficient. The sums of the total number of papers for government ownership and private ownership and for pre- and post-2000 sample periods are larger than the total num- ber of papers for this study because some papers may investigate both government ownership and private ownership or both pre- and post-2000 periods. Similarly, the sum of the total number of papers for family/ management ownership and institutional/foreign ownership is larger than the total number of papers for private ownership because some papers may investigate both family/management ownership and institutional/foreign ownership. Significance tests for mean rho and mean differences in mean rho are two-tailed (-tests.
n = number of effect sizes. k = number of papers (primary studies). N = total sample size, which is calcu- lated by summing up the number of firms on which effect size estimates are based. Mean rho = estimated mean population partial correlation coefficient. The sums of the total number of papers for government ownership and private ownership and for pre- and post-2000 sample periods are larger than the total num- ber of papers for this study because some papers may investigate both government ownership and private ownership or both pre- and post-2000 periods. Similarly, the sum of the total number of papers for family/ management ownership and institutional/foreign ownership is larger than the total number of papers for private ownership because some papers may investigate both family/management ownership and institutional/foreign ownership. Significance tests for mean rho and mean differences in mean rho are two-tailed (-tests.
Variables are defined in Table 2. The dependent variable is Zr. MIXED EFFECTS META-REGRESSION RESULTS
Variables are defined in Table 2. The dependent variable is Zr. MIXED EFFECTS META-REGRESSION RESULTS
Variables are defined in Table 2. The dependent variable is Zr. In both panels, all other variables in equation | are included in the regressions but not tabulated. Panel B: Regression results for the effect of publication status
Variables are defined in Table 2. The dependent variable is Zr. In both panels, all other variables in equation | are included in the regressions but not tabulated. Panel B: Regression results for the effect of publication status
Panel A: Publication outlet categorized by ABS Guide Panel B: Publication outlet categorized by type of journal
Panel A: Publication outlet categorized by ABS Guide Panel B: Publication outlet categorized by type of journal
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