Table 2 Performance indicators used for the study. Table 2
Related Figures (10)
Fig. 1. A map of Ghana showing study areas. Description of the systems. Table 1 Fig. 2. Conceptual framework study. Roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders. Table 3 Fig. 3. Accountability relationship amongst stakeholders in the partnership. Fig. 5. Service reliability. The results show that there were two systems that satisfied the reliability criteria; one under private operator management and the other under direct WSDB management. Generally, the results of the service reliability reveal other factors that affected the part- nership, some of which were external (technology, availability of alternative water sources) to the partnership. The system in Ate- bubu faced challenges due to the technology of the system, which was a relatively complex water treatment plant that relied solely on diesel powered generators. The Atebubu system only produced water when it had money to buy diesel to power the generators at the water treatment plant. Again it operated effectively for Fig. 4. Unaccounted for water. Atebubu and Bekwai. The results also show that the systems under the private operator management have low UFW compared to the system under direct WSDB management. Thus the private opera- tors were more determined to reduce unaccounted for water (UFW), that is, they were keen to avoid wastages and increase their profit margin. In the case of the relatively new system the UFW was below 15%. Fig. 6. Revenue collection efficiency. 6 months in a year since majority of the community depended on hand dug wells in the rainy season. The Mim water supply sys- tem (WSS) also did not work all the time due to patronage of the alternative system that was free of charge to the community, pro- vided by a Timber Company as part of its social responsibility to the town. Wenchi had frequent problems with the pump motors and relays. The Kuntenanse water system is a simple system, which faced less problems pertaining to production. Summary of factors affecting performance. was alleged to be have misapplied the revenue, and this contrib- uted to the cancellation of the contract. Wenchi, had outstanding accumulated electricity bills to a tune of GH¢ 47,000 (US $ 35,000) and high bad debts recorded. Generally, the low produc- tion (Atebubu and Mim), high expenditure mostly due to payment of salaries and low water consumption (Atebubu and Mim) were identified as the main factors affecting the Self Financing Ratio of the systems. The household surveys revealed that customers were satisfied with the water services in all the small towns studied ex- cept Mim and Atebubu. The concerns of the customers in Mim and Atebubu were related to the reliability of the services and the water quality. Table 4
