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Title
Abstract
Key Takeaways
Figures
Introduction
Preparation of Planting Materials
Problems, Challenges and Future Perspectives
References

Sweet Potato Agronomy

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2012, Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology

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Abstract

Sweet potato, a bio-efficient crop grown for edible roots has spread into Africa, Asia, Europe and East Indies through batatas line and to the Philippines from Central and South America. Sweet potato is a staple food crop in many of the developing countries and serves as animal feed and raw material for many industrial products. It requires a moderately warm climate (21-26°C) with soil pH of 5.5-6.5. Heavy rainfall, high temperature and excess cloudiness encourage vegetative growth. In sweet potato, close spacing is generally recommended to achieve maximum root yield. Though sweet potato covers the soil quickly, weeding is necessary, particularly, in the early stages of the crop growth. Sweet potato requires, on an average, 2 mm of water per day in the early parts of the growing season which gradually increase to 5-6 mm per day prior to harvest. Cylas formicarius Fab. (sweet potato weevil) larvae and adult feeds on the roots and cause extensive damage both in field and in storage. It can be effectively managed by following an integrated pest management strategy. Sweet potato is harvested between 90 and 150 days after planting depending on the location and season. On an average, it yields storage root of 20-25 tonnes ha-1 with improved crop management practices.

Key takeaways
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  1. Sweet potato averages 20-25 tonnes per hectare yield with improved management practices.
  2. Optimal soil pH for sweet potato cultivation is 5.5-6.5; excessive pH affects plant health.
  3. Integrated pest management effectively reduces sweet potato weevil damage by 50-60%.
  4. High-yielding varieties can produce up to 67.8 g/l of ethanol, outperforming corn.
  5. The text outlines agronomic practices to enhance sweet potato yield and sustainability.
Figures (2)
INTRODUCTION root and tuber crops grown in the world, sweet potato ranks second after cassava (Ray and Ravi 2005). The carbo- hydrate rich root is used as a subsidiary food after boiling/ baking. In some countries, the vine tips are used as vegeta- bles. Vines form an excellent source of green fodder for Keywords: irrigation, population, time of planting, variety, weeding Abbreviations: ARS, Agricultural Research Service; CGR, crop growth rate; CIP, International Potato Centre; CPE, cumulative pat evaporation; CTCRI, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute; DAP, days after planting; IPM, integrated pest management; ISP industrial sweet potatoes; IW, irrigation water; KNAES, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station; LAI, leaf area index; NCSU North Carolina State University; SPFMV, Sweet potato feathery mottle virus Sweet potato is an important root crop in tropical and sub tropical countries like China, USA, India, Japan, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Nigeria etc. Among the
INTRODUCTION root and tuber crops grown in the world, sweet potato ranks second after cassava (Ray and Ravi 2005). The carbo- hydrate rich root is used as a subsidiary food after boiling/ baking. In some countries, the vine tips are used as vegeta- bles. Vines form an excellent source of green fodder for Keywords: irrigation, population, time of planting, variety, weeding Abbreviations: ARS, Agricultural Research Service; CGR, crop growth rate; CIP, International Potato Centre; CPE, cumulative pat evaporation; CTCRI, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute; DAP, days after planting; IPM, integrated pest management; ISP industrial sweet potatoes; IW, irrigation water; KNAES, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station; LAI, leaf area index; NCSU North Carolina State University; SPFMV, Sweet potato feathery mottle virus Sweet potato is an important root crop in tropical and sub tropical countries like China, USA, India, Japan, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Nigeria etc. Among the

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