WO2003092340A1 - Accelerateur de particules - Google Patents
Accelerateur de particules Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003092340A1 WO2003092340A1 PCT/IB2002/001374 IB0201374W WO03092340A1 WO 2003092340 A1 WO2003092340 A1 WO 2003092340A1 IB 0201374 W IB0201374 W IB 0201374W WO 03092340 A1 WO03092340 A1 WO 03092340A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- cyclotron
- accelerator
- accelerator according
- intensity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
Definitions
- Particle accelerator The present invention relates to particle accelerators and their industrial and medical applications, in particular.
- Particle accelerators are described in the publication CERN ACCELERATOR SCHOOL, CYCLOTRONS, LINACS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, GENENA 96, following the seminar held in Belgium from April 28 to May 5, 1994, the content of which is incorporated into this application by reference .
- the invention aims in particular to meet this need.
- a particle accelerator comprising:
- a source capable of generating a beam of charged particles to be accelerated
- At least one sensor capable of delivering information representative of the intensity of the particle beam accelerated by the cyclotron
- a programmable control device capable of acting on the actuator as a function of the information delivered by the sensor and of a programmed control law of the intensity of the particle beam accelerated over time, so that the he intensity of the beam delivered by the cyclotron respects the programmed control law.
- the aforementioned sensor may include a peeler through which the beam of particles accelerated by the cyclotron.
- This peeler can be an electronic or nuclear peeler.
- a nuclear peeler can generate, for example, neutrons.
- the actuator which may or may not be mechanical, may comprise at least one electrostatic and / or magnetic deflector or at least one movable member capable of intercepting particles from the beam.
- the actuator can also comprise, for example, at least one grouper, in particular two groupers.
- each grouper may include a central electrode having a time-varying potential, disposed between two end electrodes at the same potential, the central electrode creating with each of the end electrodes a potential difference acting on the particles from the source.
- the length of the central electrode of the grouper crossed first by the beam may be different from that of the central electrode of the grouper crossed second by the beam, and may in particular be greater, being worth for example double.
- the voltages applied to the central electrodes can be sinusoidal.
- the voltages applied to the two groupers can correspond substantially to the first two terms of the Fourier series decomposition of a sawtooth tension.
- the control device can be configured to modify the phase shift between the voltages applied to the groupers according to the information delivered by the sensor.
- the programmed current law can comprise, as a function of time, at least two slots, in particular at least two slots of different amplitudes.
- the source may be able to generate molecular ions, for example H 2 + or H 3 + ions.
- the source may also be able to generate H " or D " ions, among others.
- the programmable control device is advantageously fast and has for example a response time less than or equal to 10 ⁇ s, preferably less than or equal to 5 ⁇ s, for example of the order of 1 ⁇ s.
- the accelerator may include any post-acceleration element operating continuously.
- the accelerator can thus include, for example, two cyclotrons, for example a first cyclotron associated with the source and a second cyclotron to accelerate particles from the first cyclotron.
- the sensor may include a peeler disposed inside the second cyclotron and the particles, for example H 2 ions, accelerated by the first cyclotron can leave the latter without passing through a peeler.
- the accelerator may include a deflection device making it possible to carry out, with the beam of accelerated particles, a scanning of a predetermined area, for example a region of the human body.
- the programmable control device can then be arranged, for example, to modify the intensity of the beam of accelerated particles as a function of the position of the beam.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a beam of accelerated particles having an intensity varying in a programmed manner over time, this method possibly comprising the step consisting in programming the programmable control device the accelerator defined above as a function of the variation over time of the desired intensity.
- Another subject of the invention is a method for treating the human or animal body, which may include the step of irradiating an area to be treated with a beam of accelerated particles by means of an accelerator of particles as defined above.
- a method for treating the human or animal body may include the step of irradiating an area to be treated with a beam of accelerated particles by means of an accelerator of particles as defined above.
- the intensity of the particle beam can, for example, evolve in slots of decreasing amplitude over time, the treatment being able to be carried out with a higher intensity to begin with, in order to treat the deepest regions, and weaker in last, in order to treat the shallowest regions.
- a particle accelerator according to the invention can be used to power an accelerator-controlled system.
- an accelerator-driven system can include, for example, an energy amplifier, a subcritical nuclear reactor or a nuclear waste transmitter.
- a particle accelerator according to the invention to produce a neutron flux, in particular a substantially monoenergetic neutron flux.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic and partial view of an example of an accelerator according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the control of the intensity of the beam delivered by the accelerator
- FIG. 3 represents in schematic and partial view, in axial section, two consolidators
- FIG. 4 represents the variation of the exit phase of the particles as a function of their entry phase, when they pass through the two groupers,
- FIG. 5 represents an example of variation in the intensity of the beam of accelerated particles as a function of their phase of exit from the injection line
- FIG. 6 represents, in schematic and partial axial section, a movable element of another example of actuator according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 schematically represents another example of an actuator, comprising an electrostatic deflector
- FIG. 8 represents an example, among others, of the intensity law that can be programmed
- FIG. 9 schematically represents an area to be treated by a beam of accelerated particles
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show other nonlimiting examples of intensity laws that can be programmed.
- FIG. 12 shows, schematically and partially, in side view, an example of a double cyclotron particle accelerator that can use a programmable intensity control device.
- FIG. 1 shows a particle accelerator 1 comprising an ion source 10 intended to generate charged particles, for example H " ions, and a cyclotron 20 to accelerate these particles.
- an ion source 10 intended to generate charged particles, for example H " ions, and a cyclotron 20 to accelerate these particles.
- the particles emitted by the source 10 are injected into the cyclotron, in the example illustrated, by an axial injection line 30.
- the latter incorporates an actuator 40, whose role will be explained below, comprising a first grouper 21 and a second grouper 22.
- the injection line 30 also comprises, in a conventional manner, focusing lenses, magnetic or electrostatic.
- the particles to be accelerated leaving the injection line 30 are injected into a central region of the cyclotron 20, in a manner known per se.
- Cyclotron 20 is, for example, of the compact isochronous type, and may or may not be superconductive. The particles are accelerated by cyclotron 20 along a trajectory in the general form of a spiral, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the beam passes through an electronic peeler 33, comprising for example a carbon sheet having a density between 20 and 60 ⁇ g / cm 2 .
- the accelerated particles are H " ions.
- the peeler 33 transforms them into H + protons and the curvature of their trajectory is reversed, which allows them to leave the cyclotron.
- a conventional optical system 35 makes it possible to direct the beam thus extracted from the cyclotron towards a target for the production of radioelements or towards any zone of the human or animal body or of an object to be treated.
- the beam can in particular be directed towards a deflection device 41 making it possible to carry out, with the accelerated beam, a scan of an area to be treated, for example a tumor.
- the peeler 33 is electrically isolated, which makes it possible to measure the intensity of the electric current corresponding to the beam of particles passing through it.
- the accelerator 1 comprises a programmable control device 50, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2. This device 50 receives information representative of the intensity measured by the peeler 33 and makes it possible to control the intensity of the particle beam delivered by the 'accelerator.
- the device 50 can be programmed with any intensity law, being configured to continuously control by feedback the actuator 40 so that the intensity actually delivered by the cyclotron respects the programmed intensity law.
- the device 50 is produced with components fast electronics, which makes it possible to obtain a very short response time, for example of the order of 1 ⁇ s.
- the particle beam emitted by the source 10 propagates along an axis X, passing through the grouper 21 then the grouper 22 .
- the grouper 21 comprises a central electrode 60 and two end electrodes 61 and 62.
- the grouper 22 comprises a central electrode 63 and two end electrodes 64 and 65.
- the length of the central electrode 60 of the first grouper 21, measured along the axis X, is twice that of the central electrode 63 of the second grouper 22, since the frequency of the voltage N 2 applied to the central electrode of the second grouper 22 is twice the frequency of the voltage V ⁇ applied to the central electrode of the first grouper 21.
- the end electrodes 61, 62, 64 and 65 are, in the example illustrated , to ground.
- each particle coming from the source 10, an input phase ⁇ e and an output phase ⁇ s .
- These phases correspond to the relative position of the particles at the inlet and at the outlet of the injection line 30.
- the groupers 21 and 22 make it possible to act on the outlet phase ⁇ s of the particles as a function of their phase of entry ⁇ e .
- the particles whose exit phase ⁇ s is included in an interval [ ⁇ l5 ⁇ 2 ] called acceptance interval, with ⁇ p ⁇ and ⁇ 2 neighbors of 15 ° for example in absolute value, are accelerated by cyclotron 20 while the particles having an output phase ⁇ s not included in this interval are lost and do not form part of the particle beam delivered by the cyclotron 20.
- the phases ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ 2 can be different or equal, in absolute value.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the grouping of the particles after passage through the grouper 21 then in the grouper 22.
- the intensity I of the particle beam at the exit from the injection line is represented as a function of the exit phase ⁇ s .
- the intensity varies very quickly near the limits of the acceptance interval.
- the programmable control device 50 is configured to act on the phase shift ⁇ between the voltages V ⁇ and N 2 in order to modify the shape of the curve shown in FIG. 4 and the efficiency of the grouping of particles, therefore the intensity at exit from the cyclotron.
- the actuator 40 can be produced otherwise than with two groupers without departing from the scope of the present invention. It may for example comprise a movable element 70, as illustrated in FIG. 6, rotating around a geometric axis of rotation Y and comprising several openings which can be placed in the path of the beam, for example two openings 71 and 72 of different diameters . Depending on the selected aperture, a more or less significant quantity of particles can be intercepted, which can make it possible to vary the intensity I of the beam delivered by the cyclotron.
- the actuator can also include an electrostatic deflector, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
- This deflector can comprise, for example, two electrodes 75 and 76 and the beam propagating along the X axis can be intercepted thanks to the voltage applied to these electrodes 75 and 76. It is understood that by applying a sufficiently high pulse voltage between the electrodes, it is possible to chop the beam. Such an actuator makes it possible to control the intensity in all or nothing.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a programmed control law for the intensity of the beam of charged particles as a function of time.
- This law can be, as illustrated, a law in time slots, each time window having for example an amplitude lower than that of the previous time window.
- Such an intensity control law can be useful when processing an area 80 of the human body, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 9.
- This area 80 may be, for example, a tumor to be destroyed, and may be divided into strata 81 located at different depths.
- Treatment can be started with a relatively high intensity particle beam to treat the deepest strata.
- the programmed intensity law can make it possible to reduce the intensity to take into account, when processing the shallowest strata, of the fact that the latter have already received a significant dose of radiation during the passage of the beam intended to treat the strata the deepest.
- the intensity control can be correlated to the position of the beam at the output of the deflection device 41.
- the latter can be controlled by the control device 50.
- Figures 10 and 11 illustrate other non-limiting examples of control laws that can be programmed, for example sawtooth, possibly of non-constant amplitude (Figure 10) or according to any curve of shape ( Figure 11 ).
- the particle accelerator can have a single cyclotron to accelerate particles.
- the accelerator can thus, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 12, comprise two cyclotrons, namely a first cyclotron 20 ′, for example of the compact isochronous type, surrounded by a second cyclotron 20 ′′ for example of the isochronous type with separate sectors.
- Molecular ions for example H 2 + can be accelerated in the first cyclotron 20 'and directed to an electronic peeler located in the second cyclotron.
- the crossing of this peeler makes it possible to generate a beam of H protons.
- the intensity of the beam can be measured on this peeler and the output phase ⁇ s of the beam injected into the first cyclotron can be controlled by a programmable control device in a similar manner to what has been previously described.
- the accelerated particles are particles other than H " or H + , for example H 3 or D " .
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002495460A CA2495460A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Accelerateur de particules |
| AU2002258016A AU2002258016A1 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Particle accelerator |
| EP02727821A EP1500313A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Accelerateur de particules |
| CN02829222.7A CN1631061A (zh) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | 粒子加速器 |
| PCT/IB2002/001374 WO2003092340A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Accelerateur de particules |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2002/001374 WO2003092340A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Accelerateur de particules |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003092340A1 true WO2003092340A1 (fr) | 2003-11-06 |
Family
ID=29266739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2002/001374 Ceased WO2003092340A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Accelerateur de particules |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1500313A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1631061A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2002258016A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2495460A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2003092340A1 (fr) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2897210A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-10 | Girerd Delarc Jean | Systeme naval, notamment sous-marin, electrogene et aquagene disposant d'une autonomie energetique de longue duree. |
| FR2897502A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-17 | Aima Eps | Cible, installation de neutrontherapie et procede de production de neutrons. |
| RU2335868C1 (ru) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Самарский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика С.П. Королева | Циклический ускоритель высокоскоростных твердых частиц |
| WO2009056165A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-07 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Dispositif et procédé de modulation de courant d'un faisceau rapide dans un accélérateur de particules |
| WO2010149740A1 (fr) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-29 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Dispositif et procédé pour la production de faisceau de particules |
| EP2374506A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Installation de thérapie à particules et procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'une installation de thérapie à particules |
| US9681531B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-06-13 | Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. | Control system for a particle accelerator |
| US9723705B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-08-01 | Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. | Controlling intensity of a particle beam |
| USRE48047E1 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2020-06-09 | Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. | Programmable radio frequency waveform generator for a synchrocyclotron |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101827489B (zh) * | 2010-05-21 | 2012-02-15 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 用于加速负氢、h2+的紧凑型回旋加速器 |
| KR101958849B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-31 | 2019-03-15 | 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 빔하전 입자를 패킷타이징하기 위한 방법 및 디바이스 |
| JP6779857B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-06 | 2020-11-04 | リサーチ トライアングル インスティテュート | 反応物質核から反応生成物核を生成する装置、中性子源を用いて反応物質核から反応生成物核を生成するシステム、中性子源を使用して反応物質核から反応生成物核を生成する装置を用いて、中性子源を使用して反応物質核から反応生成物核を生成する方法、中性子源を使用して反応物質核から崩壊生成物核を生成する装置を用いて、中性子源を使用して反応物質核から崩壊生成物核を生成する方法 |
| CN104392749B (zh) * | 2014-10-08 | 2018-05-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | 一种加速器驱动次临界系统的非能动停堆保护系统 |
| WO2019242011A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-26 | 新瑞阳光粒子医疗装备(无锡)有限公司 | Procédé de commande de synchrotron, appareil, dispositif, et support de stockage |
| CN108848606B (zh) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-09-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 用于回旋加速器内部离子源的位置调节方法 |
| CN119110476B (zh) * | 2024-10-28 | 2026-03-20 | 国电投核力创芯(无锡)科技有限公司 | 一种回旋加速器注入线便携式角度调节机构 |
-
2002
- 2002-04-25 EP EP02727821A patent/EP1500313A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-25 CA CA002495460A patent/CA2495460A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-25 AU AU2002258016A patent/AU2002258016A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-25 CN CN02829222.7A patent/CN1631061A/zh active Pending
- 2002-04-25 WO PCT/IB2002/001374 patent/WO2003092340A1/fr not_active Ceased
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| TANG J Y ET AL: "Linear bunchers and half-frequency bunching method", NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH, SECTION A (ACCELERATORS, SPECTROMETERS, DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT), 11 DEC. 2000, ELSEVIER, NETHERLANDS, vol. 455, no. 3, pages 533 - 538, XP002228266, ISSN: 0168-9002 * |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USRE48047E1 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2020-06-09 | Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. | Programmable radio frequency waveform generator for a synchrocyclotron |
| FR2897210A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-10 | Girerd Delarc Jean | Systeme naval, notamment sous-marin, electrogene et aquagene disposant d'une autonomie energetique de longue duree. |
| FR2897502A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-17 | Aima Eps | Cible, installation de neutrontherapie et procede de production de neutrons. |
| WO2007093965A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-23 | Accelerators For Industrial & Medical Applications. Engineering Promotions Society. Aima.Eps | Installation et cible pour neutronthérapie et procédé permettant de produire des neutrons |
| RU2335868C1 (ru) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Самарский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика С.П. Королева | Циклический ускоритель высокоскоростных твердых частиц |
| JP2011501391A (ja) * | 2007-10-29 | 2011-01-06 | イオン・ビーム・アプリケーションズ・エス・アー | 粒子加速器におけるビーム電流の高速変調のための装置及び方法 |
| US8410730B2 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2013-04-02 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Device and method for fast beam current modulation in a particle accelerator |
| US8896238B2 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2014-11-25 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Device and method for fast beam current modulation in a particle accelerator |
| WO2009056165A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-07 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Dispositif et procédé de modulation de courant d'un faisceau rapide dans un accélérateur de particules |
| WO2010149740A1 (fr) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-29 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Dispositif et procédé pour la production de faisceau de particules |
| US9451688B2 (en) | 2009-06-24 | 2016-09-20 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Device and method for particle beam production |
| EP2374506A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Installation de thérapie à particules et procédé destiné au fonctionnement d'une installation de thérapie à particules |
| US8637839B2 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2014-01-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a particle therapy system |
| US9681531B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-06-13 | Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. | Control system for a particle accelerator |
| US9723705B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-08-01 | Mevion Medical Systems, Inc. | Controlling intensity of a particle beam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1631061A (zh) | 2005-06-22 |
| CA2495460A1 (fr) | 2003-11-06 |
| AU2002258016A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
| EP1500313A1 (fr) | 2005-01-26 |
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