CN113855965B - Artificial airway - Google Patents
Artificial airwayInfo
- Publication number
- CN113855965B CN113855965B CN202110724578.1A CN202110724578A CN113855965B CN 113855965 B CN113855965 B CN 113855965B CN 202110724578 A CN202110724578 A CN 202110724578A CN 113855965 B CN113855965 B CN 113855965B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- air
- wall
- communicated
- negative pressure
- pipe
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0463—Tracheal tubes combined with suction tubes, catheters or the like; Outside connections
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种人工气道，其包括主气管1，所述主气管1具有插入人体气管的插入端10和与外接的呼吸设备连接的气源输入端20，所述插入端10通过负压吸附固定于人体气管内壁。本发明的人工气道通过负压吸附的方式固定于人体气管内壁，固定可靠、结构简单，且不会挤压气管内壁、对气管内壁造成损伤。
The present invention provides an artificial airway comprising a main airway 1 having an insertion end 10 for insertion into the human trachea and an air source input end 20 for connection to an external respiratory device. The insertion end 10 is secured to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption. The artificial airway of the present invention secures to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption, providing reliable fixation, a simple structure, and preventing compression or damage to the inner wall of the trachea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to an artificial airway.
Background
The artificial airway is an effective connection established between the physiological airway and air or other air sources for ensuring the airway to be unobstructed, and provides conditions for effective drainage, obstruction, mechanical ventilation and treatment of pulmonary diseases of the airway.
In the prior art, a positive pressure air bag is fixed on or sleeved on the outer wall of a main air passage, and then the positive pressure air bag is inflated until the air bag is tightly attached to the inner wall of a human air pipe, so that the artificial air passage is fixed on the inner wall of the human air pipe. According to the mechanical ventilation guidelines established by the medical science division of China society of medicine, it is recommended to maintain the pressure in the artificial positive airway pressure balloon at 25-30cmH 2 O. Because if the pressure in the positive pressure air bag is too low, the sealing effect between the artificial airway and the airway wall is reduced, so that secretion or external bacteria enter the airway to cause pulmonary infection, and if the pressure in the positive pressure air bag is too high, the problems of mucociliary atrophy, ulcer, bleeding, airway stenosis and the like of the airway wall can be caused. Therefore, the technical scheme for monitoring and controlling the air pressure in the positive pressure air bag in real time is proposed in the prior art, so that the damage of the air bag pressure to the air pipe of a patient can be reduced. For example, the Chinese patent No. ZL201420391870.1 discloses an artificial airway capable of monitoring the pressure of an air bag in real time, one end of the air bag, which is inflated, is connected with a piston cylinder, a piston and an elastic body are arranged in the piston cylinder, the piston divides the inner cavity of the piston cylinder into an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity, the air inlet cavity of the piston cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of an external air bag, an air outlet hole communicated with the air outlet cavity is formed in the piston cylinder, one side of the piston is connected with an indicating rod, the indicating rod extends out of the piston cylinder, graduations formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of color sections with different colors are arranged on the indicating rod along the length direction, the pressure of the air bag can be directly read through the pointed position of the indicating rod, and the pressure can be adjusted manually.
However, the prior art still has certain defects that firstly, even if the pressure is controlled within 25-30cmH 2 O for a severe patient needing to keep the artificial airway for a long time, the patient still has certain damage to the tracheal wall, and if the monitoring device is in fault or has errors, the patient is likely to be greatly injured, and secondly, the artificial airway with the air bag pressure monitoring device has a complex structure, is inconvenient to use and has high manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an artificial airway, which is fixed with the inner wall of a human trachea in a negative pressure adsorption mode, and the fixing mode is firm and reliable and has no damage to the inner wall of the trachea.
The invention provides an artificial airway, which comprises a main airway, wherein the main airway is provided with an insertion end (10) inserted into a human airway and an air source input end connected with external breathing equipment, and the insertion end is fixed on the inner wall of the human airway through negative pressure adsorption.
Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises a negative pressure air bag and an air extraction pipeline, wherein the negative pressure air bag is fixed on the outer wall of the main air pipe, which is close to the insertion end, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall of the negative pressure air bag, one end of the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline is communicated with external air extraction equipment.
Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises at least one first positive pressure air bag and an air inflation pipeline, wherein the first positive pressure air bag is arranged in the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, one end of the air inflation pipeline is communicated to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the air inflation pipeline is communicated with external air inflation equipment.
Optionally, a support member is provided between the first positive pressure bladder and the negative pressure bladder.
Optionally, the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag is provided with a plurality of supporting beams or supporting protrusions extending towards the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag, and/or the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag is provided with a plurality of supporting beams or supporting protrusions extending towards the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag.
Optionally, the supporting beam extends along the length direction of the main air pipe, and is uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag by taking the axis of the main air pipe as a central axis.
Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or
The air extraction pipeline is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or
The air extraction pipeline is an independent pipeline penetrating through the inner cavity of the main air pipe, the air extraction pipeline is attached to and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air extraction equipment.
Optionally, the air charging pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air charging equipment, or
The air charging pipeline is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air charging equipment, or
The inflation pipeline is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe, the inflation pipeline is attached to the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external inflation equipment.
Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, the air charging pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air charging equipment.
Optionally, the negative pressure air bag is cylindrical in shape, and at least one annular negative pressure groove extending along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag is arranged.
Optionally, two annular negative pressure grooves extending along the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag, and the two annular negative pressure grooves are symmetrically distributed by taking the central plane of the negative pressure air bag in the length direction as a reference.
Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises a second positive pressure air bag, a third positive pressure air bag, an air exhaust pipeline and an air inflation pipeline, wherein the second positive pressure air bag and the third positive pressure air bag are fixed on the outer wall of the main air pipe, which is close to the insertion end, at intervals, one end of the air inflation pipeline is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag, the other end of the air inflation pipeline is communicated with external air inflation equipment, the second positive pressure air bag, the third positive pressure air bag and the inner wall of the air pipe are jointly enclosed to form a negative pressure area, one end of the air exhaust pipeline is communicated to the negative pressure area, and the other end of the air exhaust pipeline is communicated with the external air exhaust equipment.
Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or
The air extraction pipeline is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or
The air exhaust pipeline is an independent pipeline penetrating through the inner cavity of the main air pipe, the air exhaust pipeline is attached to the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air exhaust equipment.
Optionally, the air-charging pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air-charging pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag at the same time, and the other end of the air-charging pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air-charging equipment, or
The air charging pipeline is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air charging equipment, or
The inflation pipeline is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe, the inflation pipeline is attached to the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external inflation equipment.
Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises a first valve, a second valve and an air extraction pipeline, wherein the first valve and the second valve are fixed on the outer wall of the main trachea close to the insertion end at intervals, the first valve, the second valve and the inner wall of the trachea are jointly enclosed to form a negative pressure area, one end of the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the negative pressure area, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline is communicated with external air extraction equipment.
Optionally, the first valve is inclined or curved in a direction away from the negative pressure region while extending radially outward thereof, and the second valve is inclined or curved in a direction away from the negative pressure region while extending radially outward thereof.
Optionally, the air-charging pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air-charging pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag at the same time, and the other end of the air-charging pipeline extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air-charging equipment, or
The air charging pipeline is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external air charging equipment, or
The inflation pipeline is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe, the inflation pipeline is attached to the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and is communicated with external inflation equipment.
Optionally, the negative pressure adsorption has a pressure ranging from-70 kPa to 0kPa.
Optionally, the negative pressure adsorption has a pressure ranging from-30 kPa to-3 kPa.
Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is connected with a first pressure measuring device, and/or the air charging pipeline is connected with a second pressure measuring device.
Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is connected with a first pressure measuring device which is integrated with external air extraction equipment, and/or the air charging pipeline is connected with a second pressure measuring device which is integrated with external air charging equipment.
The external breathing equipment and the external air extracting equipment are integrated, or the external breathing equipment and the external air charging equipment are integrated, or the external air extracting equipment and the external air charging equipment are integrated, or the external breathing equipment, the external air extracting equipment and the external breathing equipment are integrated.
Advantageous effects
Firstly, the artificial airway is fixed on the inner wall of the human trachea by a negative pressure adsorption mode, the problem that the inner wall of the trachea is damaged due to the fact that the positive pressure air bag presses the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art is avoided, meanwhile, the negative pressure adsorption fixing mode is firmer, the artificial airway cannot fall off due to the movement of a patient, and the safety and the reliability are high.
Secondly, in one embodiment of the invention, the artificial air bag is adsorbed on the inner wall of the trachea through the negative pressure air bag, a plurality of vent holes are formed on the negative pressure air bag, when the artificial air passage is fixed on the inner wall of the trachea through a negative pressure adsorption mode, the foreign matters, secretion, sputum and the like in the trachea of a patient can be sucked and cleaned at the same time, a cleaning pipeline special for cleaning the foreign matters in the trachea is omitted, and the artificial air passage is convenient to use, simple in structure and high in practicability.
Thirdly, in one embodiment of the invention, the positive pressure air bag can be arranged in the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag at the same time, after the artificial airway is inserted into the trachea, the positive pressure air bag is inflated firstly, then the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag is pushed to be close to the inner wall of the trachea, the gap between the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag and the inner wall of the trachea is reduced, so that the negative pressure air bag and the inner wall of the trachea can be adsorbed and attached in a negative pressure adsorption mode smoothly before, the positive pressure air bag plays a role in pushing the negative pressure air bag to be close to the inner wall of the trachea, and the positive pressure air bag is not contacted with the inner wall of the trachea, so that the problem that the positive pressure air bag presses the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art is solved, the tightness and the pressure range of the positive pressure air bag are not strictly required, and the operation is convenient.
Fourth, in one embodiment of the present invention, a support beam or a support protrusion is provided on the outer circumference of the positive pressure air bag, so that the positive pressure air bag and the negative pressure air bag can be prevented from being attached to each other during the negative pressure adsorption process, and the air suction passage is closed, thereby affecting the sealing between the negative pressure air bag and the tracheal wall, and the reliability of the present invention is further improved due to the provision of the support beam or the support protrusion.
Fifth, in one embodiment of the present invention, two positive pressure air bags are provided, a negative pressure area is provided between the two positive pressure air bags, and the negative pressure area is connected with an air extraction device through an air extraction pipeline, so that negative pressure adsorption connection is achieved.
Sixth, in an embodiment of the present invention, two valves are provided, a negative pressure area is provided between the two valves, and the negative pressure area is connected with an air extraction device through an air extraction pipeline, so as to realize negative pressure adsorption connection.
Seventh, the artificial airway of the invention can realize the sealing problem between the inner wall of the trachea and the artificial airway while absorbing and fixing by utilizing the negative pressure principle, thereby preventing external bacteria or other sundries from entering the airway and further solving the technical problem of pulmonary infection.
Eighth, in one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention has various positional relationships between the artificial airway inflation line and the main air line, and the air extraction line and the main air line, and is flexible and easy to manufacture.
Ninth, in one embodiment of the present invention, the inflation line and the suction line of the artificial airway of the present invention are provided with pressure measuring devices, which can facilitate monitoring and control of inflation pressure and suction pressure.
Tenth, the application adopts the negative pressure adsorption mode to fix the artificial airway, and the range of negative pressure adsorption pressure which is harmless to human body is large, so the application has low requirement on the accuracy of the pressure measuring device and reduces the production cost.
Drawings
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with aspects of the invention as detailed in the claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a relationship between the main airway tube, the bleed line and the inflation line of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of another positional relationship of the main airway tube, the bleed line and the inflation line of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of another positional relationship of the main airway tube, the bleed line and the inflation line of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an artificial airway according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. The valve comprises a main air pipe, a 10-inserted end, a 20-air source input end, a 2-negative pressure air bag, a 21-vent hole, a 22-annular negative pressure groove, a 3-air suction pipeline, a 31-first pressure measuring device, a 4-first positive pressure air bag, a 41-supporting beam, a 42-supporting boss, a 5-inflating pipeline, a 51-second pressure measuring device, a 6-second positive pressure air bag, a 7-third positive pressure air bag, a 8-negative pressure area, a 91-first valve and a 92-second valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an artificial airway, which comprises a main airway 1, wherein the main airway 1 is provided with an insertion end 10 inserted into a human airway and an air source input end 20 connected with external breathing equipment, and the insertion end 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the human airway through negative pressure adsorption.
Because the artificial airway is fixed on the inner wall of the human trachea by the negative pressure adsorption mode, the problem that the positive pressure air bag presses the inner wall of the trachea to damage the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art is avoided, the negative pressure adsorption fixing mode is firmer, the artificial airway cannot fall off due to the movement of a patient, and the safety and the reliability are high.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial airway according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the artificial airway of the present embodiment includes a main air pipe 1, a negative pressure air bag 2, and an air extraction line 3. The main air pipe 1 is provided with an insertion end 10 inserted into the air pipe of a human body and an air source input end 20 connected with external breathing equipment, the negative pressure air bag 2 is fixed on the outer wall of the main air pipe 1, which is close to the insertion end 10, the side wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 21, one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the other end is communicated with the external air extraction equipment. When the artificial airway is used, the insertion end 10 of the main air pipe 1 of the artificial airway is inserted into a proper position in the human air pipe, the air extraction equipment is started to suck air in the air pipe, and the negative pressure air bag 2 is attached to the inner wall of the human air pipe under the action of negative pressure air flow, so that the fixing of the artificial airway is realized.
Specifically, in order to facilitate the fitting and sealing of the negative pressure balloon 2 to the inner wall of the trachea, the shape of the negative pressure balloon 2 is preferably cylindrical.
In order to ensure the tightness and the fixation firmness of the negative pressure air bag 2 and the inner wall of the air pipe, a plurality of ventilation holes 21 are formed and uniformly distributed on the side wall of the negative pressure air bag 2. Specifically, the vent holes 21 are uniformly distributed in one or more circles along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical negative pressure air bag 2. The size of the vent hole 21 is not limited as long as the reliability of negative pressure suction and the vent hole 21 is ensured not to be blocked by secretions in the air passage.
Further, in order to facilitate the outer wall of the negative pressure balloon 2 to be able to be fast and reliably attached to the inner wall of the trachea, at least one first positive pressure balloon 4, i.e. the structure of the balloon cuff, may be provided in the inner cavity of the negative pressure balloon 2. The first positive pressure air bag 4 is positioned in the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2 and is fixed on the outer wall of the main air pipe 1. Correspondingly, an air charging pipeline 5 is further arranged, one end of the air charging pipeline 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4, and the other end of the air charging pipeline is communicated with external air charging equipment. The first positive pressure air bag 4 is inflated through the inflation equipment, the first positive pressure air bag 4 is inflated gradually, the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 is pushed to approach the inner wall of the air pipe to a certain position, then the inflation is stopped, the air extraction equipment is started to extract negative pressure, the negative pressure air bag 2 is attached to the inner wall of the air pipe under the action of negative pressure adsorption, and the fixation of an artificial airway and the sealing between the artificial airway and the inner wall of the air pipe are realized.
Alternatively, the first positive pressure balloon 4 is provided in one, at the center of the inner cavity of the negative pressure balloon 2. In the use state, the two ends and the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag 4 keep a certain gap with the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag 2. Preferably, the outer diameter dimension of the positive pressure balloon 4 in the inflated state is smaller than the inner diameter of the human body's air tube. The position of the air extraction pipeline 3 communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2 is positioned in a gap between one end of the positive pressure air bag 4 of the main air pipe 1 and the corresponding end of the negative pressure air bag 2, namely, a cavity gap formed between the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 and the outer wall of the positive pressure air bag 4 is communicated with the air extraction pipeline 3.
Alternatively, the first positive pressure air bags 4 may be provided in plural, sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 1, and the inflation lines 5 are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of each first positive pressure air bag 4. By providing the plurality of first positive pressure airbags 4, the reliability and uniformity of adhesion between the outer wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 and the inner wall of the trachea can be improved.
In this embodiment, the positive pressure air bag is used to push the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag to approach the inner wall of the trachea, and the positive pressure air bag is not in contact with the inner wall of the trachea, so that the problem that the positive pressure air bag presses the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art does not exist. And because the positive pressure air bag only has auxiliary effect, the inner cavity pressure of the positive pressure air bag is not particularly required, the tightness of the positive pressure air bag and the inflation pipeline is not required, and the accurate pressure monitoring of the positive pressure air bag is not required. Therefore, the artificial airway has the advantages of simple structure, low process requirement, convenient operation and low cost.
Optionally, in order to prevent the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 from being attached to the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag 4 during the air extraction process of the air extraction device to close the air extraction passage, thereby affecting the seal between the negative pressure air bag 2 and the tracheal wall, a supporting component capable of preventing the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 from being attached to the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag 4 is arranged between the first positive pressure air bag 4 and the negative pressure air bag 2. In this embodiment, a plurality of support beams 41 extending in the direction of the inner wall of the negative pressure bladder 2 are provided on the outer wall of the first positive pressure bladder 4. The support beams 41 extend in the longitudinal direction of the main air pipe 1 and are uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the first positive pressure air bag 4. The height of the supporting beam 41 is reasonably designed according to the inner diameter of the human trachea. Of course, a plurality of support beams 41 extending in the direction of the outer wall of the first positive pressure bladder 4 may be provided on the inner wall of the negative pressure bladder 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another structure of an artificial airway according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 2, in order to prevent the suction passage from being closed by bonding between the inner wall of the negative pressure bladder 2 and the outer wall of the first positive pressure bladder 4 during the suction of the suction device, a plurality of support protrusions 42 extending toward the inner wall of the negative pressure bladder 2 may be provided on the outer wall of the first positive pressure bladder 4. The support protrusions 42 may be uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the first positive pressure bladder 4. Of course, a plurality of support protrusions 42 extending toward the outer wall of the first positive pressure bladder 4 may be provided on the inner wall of the negative pressure bladder 2. The support beam 41 and the support protrusion 42 are only preferable, and the support member of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be other shaped support members.
Fig. 3,4 and 5 are schematic diagrams of the positional relationship among the main air pipe 1, the air extraction pipeline 3 and the air charging pipeline 5 of the artificial airway of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3-5, in order to facilitate the insertion and extraction of the artificial airway, to reduce the interference of the extraction line 3 to the insertion and extraction of the main gas pipe 1, the extraction line 3 may be integrated into the sidewall of the main gas pipe 1 or into the lumen of the main gas pipe 1.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the air extraction pipeline 3 is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe 1, one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends from the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends from the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with external air extraction equipment. The air extraction pipeline 3 is integrated into the side wall of the main air pipe 1, and when in use, only the main air pipe 1 is required to be inserted into the air passage, and the air extraction pipeline 3 has no interference or influence on the main air pipe 1, so that the air extraction device is convenient to use.
Referring to fig. 2, the air extraction pipeline 3 is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe 1, one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with external air extraction equipment. The air extraction pipeline 3 is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe 1, so that the diameter of the air extraction pipeline 3 is not influenced by the wall thickness of the main air pipe 1, the inner diameter of the air extraction pipeline 3 can be designed to be larger, and secretion in the air pipe is prevented from entering the air extraction pipeline 3, so that the air extraction pipeline 3 is prevented from being blocked.
Referring to fig. 3, the air extraction pipeline 3 is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe 1, the air extraction pipeline 3 is attached to the inner wall of the main air pipe 1, corresponding fixing can be performed according to needs, one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with external air extraction equipment. The air extraction pipeline 3 is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe 1, so that the design of the air extraction pipeline 3 and the design of the main air pipe 1 are mutually independent, do not influence each other, and have simple manufacturing process and low cost.
The above positional relationship between the air extraction pipeline 3 and the main air pipe 1 has respective advantages, and can be flexibly selected according to specific design requirements and use situations.
Similarly, with continued reference to fig. 3 to 5, there may be various positional relationships between the charging line 5 and the main gas line 1.
Referring to fig. 3, the air charging pipeline 5 is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe 1, one end of the air charging pipeline 5 extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4, and the other end of the air charging pipeline 5 extends out from the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with external air charging equipment. The air charging pipeline 5 is integrated into the side wall of the main air pipe 1, and when in use, only the main air pipe 1 is required to be inserted into the air passage, and the air charging pipeline 5 has no interference and influence on the main air pipe 1, so that the air charging device is convenient to use.
Referring to fig. 2, the air-charging pipe 5 is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe 1, one end of the air-charging pipe 5 extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4, and the other end of the air-charging pipe 5 extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with external air-charging equipment.
Referring to fig. 3, the air charging pipeline 5 is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe 1, the air charging pipeline 5 is attached to and fixed to the inner wall of the main air pipe 1, one end of the air charging pipeline 5 extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4, and the other end of the air charging pipeline 5 extends out from the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is communicated with external air charging equipment. The air charging pipeline 5 is an independent pipeline penetrating through the main air pipe 1, so that the design of the air charging pipeline 5 and the design of the main air pipe 1 are mutually independent, do not influence each other, and have simple manufacturing process and low cost.
The external air extraction device, the external air inflation device and the external breathing device can be multiple devices which are separated and independent, and can also be breathing devices which are integrated together. The application aims to protect the related technical scheme of the artificial airway, and the external related equipment can select the existing commercial equipment as long as the external related equipment can simultaneously provide negative pressure suction and active air supply and exhaust, so the application does not limit the external equipment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another structure of an artificial airway according to the present embodiment. Referring to fig. 6, the negative pressure air bag 2 is cylindrical in shape, and at least one annular negative pressure groove 22 extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag 2. The negative pressure acting area can be increased by the arrangement of the annular negative pressure groove 22, so that the reliability of sealing between the negative pressure air bag 2 and the inner wall of the air pipe is improved.
Preferably, two annular negative pressure grooves 22 extending along the circumferential direction are provided on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the two annular negative pressure grooves 22 are symmetrically distributed on the side wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 with reference to the central surface of the negative pressure air bag 22 in the length direction. By providing two annular negative pressure grooves 22 and symmetrically distributing along the length direction of the negative pressure balloon 22, the side wall of the negative pressure balloon 2 can be sufficiently attached to the inner wall of the trachea, and the main trachea 1 does not fall off even in the case of patient movement. Of course, the number of the annular negative pressure grooves 22 can be increased, so that the reliability is improved, and the description is omitted.
According to the invention, the artificial airway is fixed in a negative pressure adsorption mode, and the pressure range of negative pressure adsorption is preferably-70 kPa to 0kPa, because the negative pressure adsorption has almost no harm to the inner wall of the human trachea in the range of-70 kPa to 0 kPa. In order to further improve the safety of the present invention, it is preferable that the pressure of the negative pressure adsorption is in the range of-50 kPa to 0kPa, and more preferable that the pressure of the negative pressure adsorption is in the range of-30 kPa to-3 kPa.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another structure of the artificial airway according to the present embodiment, in order to intuitively observe and monitor the pressures of the first positive pressure bladder 4, the second positive pressure bladder 6, the third positive pressure bladder 7, the negative pressure bladder 2, and the negative pressure area 8, the artificial airway according to the present invention may further connect the first pressure measuring device 31 to the air extraction line 3 and/or connect the second pressure measuring device 51 to the air charging line 5.
The first pressure measuring device 31 and the second pressure measuring device 51 may be conventional commercially available monitoring devices, and the present application is not limited thereto. Of course, the monitoring of the gas pressure in the inflation line 5 and the evacuable line 3 according to the application may also be carried out using an observation type of air bag monitoring device.
Because the negative pressure adsorption pressure range of the artificial airway is larger, the artificial airway is convenient to operate, and has low requirements on the precision of pressure monitoring equipment and low cost.
Alternatively, in order to improve the integration level, the first pressure measuring device 31 may be integrated with an external air extracting device, and the second pressure measuring device 51 may be integrated with an external air inflating device.
In order to further improve the integration level, the external breathing equipment and the external air extraction equipment can be integrated, or the external breathing equipment and the external air inflation equipment can be integrated, or the external air extraction equipment and the external air inflation equipment can be integrated, or the external breathing equipment, the external air extraction equipment and the external breathing equipment are integrated.
Example two
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 8, the dotted line in fig. 8 illustrates the inner wall of the human trachea. The artificial airway of the present embodiment includes a main airway 1, a second positive pressure bladder 6, a third positive pressure bladder 7, an evacuation line 3, and an inflation line 5. The main air pipe 1 is provided with an insertion end 10 inserted into the air pipe of a human body and an air source input end 20 connected with external breathing equipment, the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 are fixed on the outer wall of the main air pipe 1, which is close to the insertion end 10, at intervals, one end of the air charging pipeline 5 is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag 7, the other end of the air charging pipeline is communicated with the external air charging equipment, the second positive pressure air bag 6, the third positive pressure air bag 7 and the inner wall of the air pipe are jointly enclosed to form a negative pressure area 8, one end of the air exhaust pipeline 3 is communicated with the negative pressure area 8, and the other end of the air exhaust pipeline is communicated with the external air exhaust equipment. When the artificial airway is used, the insertion end 10 of the main airway 1 of the artificial airway is inserted into a proper position in an airway of a human body, the inflation equipment is started to inflate the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 until the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 approach or contact the inner wall of the airway, the inflation is stopped, and then the air extraction equipment is started to extract air from the negative pressure area 8 until the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 are completely attached to the inner wall of the airway and form negative pressure to fix the artificial airway.
In this embodiment, the sealing between the artificial airway and the inner wall of the trachea relies on the bonding between the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 and the inner wall of the trachea, but the fixing principle is the same as that of the first embodiment, namely, the negative pressure adsorption fixing and connection. By forming a negative pressure in the negative pressure region 8, the inner wall of the trachea is sucked and fixed with the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment adopts the negative pressure adsorption principle to fix the artificial airway, and the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 do not squeeze the tracheal wall and can not damage the tracheal wall. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment is that the negative pressure air bag 2 and the vent hole 21 are not needed in this embodiment, and the air flow directly flows into the negative pressure area 8 from the gaps between the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 and the inner wall of the air pipe and is extracted by the air extraction pipeline 3, so that the air hole blockage is not easy to occur, and the artificial air passage of this embodiment has simple structure and high safety and reliability. And in this embodiment, the purpose of inflating the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 is just to make the outer wall of the air bag close to the inner wall of the air pipe, so that negative pressure sealing is convenient to generate, and the artificial airway is not fixed by the pressure generated by the positive pressure air bag, so that the pressure of the positive pressure air bag does not need to be accurately measured and controlled, and the device is simple to operate and convenient to use.
In this embodiment, the positional relationship between the air extraction pipeline 3, the air charging pipeline 5 and the main air pipe 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the details of the other embodiments not mentioned in this embodiment are not further described in the first embodiment.
Example III
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention. Referring to fig. 9, the dotted line in fig. 9 illustrates the inner wall of the human trachea. The artificial airway of the embodiment comprises a main trachea 1, a first valve 91, a second valve 92 and an air extraction pipeline 3, wherein the first valve 91 and the second valve 92 are fixed on the outer wall of the main trachea 1, which is close to the insertion end 10, at intervals, the first valve 91, the second valve 92 and the inner wall of the trachea are jointly enclosed to form a negative pressure area 8, one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 is communicated with the negative pressure area 8, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 is communicated with external air extraction equipment. When the artificial airway is used, the insertion end 10 of the main airway 1 of the artificial airway is inserted into a proper position in a human trachea, the air extraction equipment is started to extract air from the negative pressure area 8, the peripheral part of the first valve 91 is attached to the inner wall of the trachea, the peripheral part of the second valve (92) is attached to the inner wall of the trachea, and the artificial airway is fixed in the trachea through negative pressure adsorption.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the peripheral edges of the first valve 91 and the second valve 92 are deformed to bend under the influence of the negative pressure during the suction of the suction line 3 to affect the sealing effect, the first valve 91 is inclined or bent away from the negative pressure region 8 while extending in a radially outward direction thereof, and the second valve 92 is inclined or bent away from the negative pressure region 8 while extending in a radially outward direction thereof. Through the arrangement of the structure, the reliability and the safety of the artificial airway fixing can be improved.
Compared with the embodiment, the technical scheme of the embodiment has the advantages that the valve structure is used for replacing the positive pressure air bag structure, an air charging pipeline and air charging equipment are not needed, the whole structure is simpler, the operation is more convenient and quick, and secretions and other foreign matters in the air passage can be cleaned in the negative pressure adsorption process.
In this embodiment, the positional relationship between the air extraction pipeline 3 and the main air pipe 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and details not mentioned in this embodiment are not further described in this embodiment.
In addition, the positive pressure air bag means that air is required to be filled into the inner cavity of the air bag to form positive pressure when the air bag works, the negative pressure air bag means that air is required to be pumped outwards to form negative pressure when the air bag works, and the structure or the material of the air bag are not limited or required. The first positive pressure air bag, the second positive pressure air bag and the third positive pressure air bag are described for convenience of distinction and description, and are not limited in arrangement position and sequence. The "negative pressure" in the negative pressure adsorption referred to in the present application means a relative negative pressure with respect to the external atmospheric pressure in the environment of the patient or user, and an absolute negative pressure.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and are in no way limiting of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (19)
1. The artificial airway is characterized by comprising a main airway (1), wherein the main airway (1) is provided with an insertion end (10) for being inserted into a human airway and an air source input end (20) connected with external breathing equipment, the insertion end (10) is fixed on the inner wall of the human airway through negative pressure adsorption, the artificial airway further comprises a negative pressure air bag (2) and an air exhaust pipeline (3), the negative pressure air bag (2) is fixed on the outer wall, close to the insertion end (10), of the main airway (1), a plurality of ventilation holes (21) are formed in the side wall of the negative pressure air bag (2), one end of the air exhaust pipeline (3) is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), the other end of the air exhaust pipeline is communicated with external air exhaust equipment, the artificial airway further comprises at least one first positive pressure air bag (4) and an air inflation pipeline (5), one end of the air inflation pipeline (5) is communicated to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4), the other end of the air bag is communicated with external air inflation equipment, and a supporting part is arranged between the first positive pressure air bag (4) and the negative pressure air bag (2).
2. Artificial airway according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer wall of the first positive pressure balloon (4) is provided with a number of support beams (41) or support protrusions (42) extending in the direction of the inner wall of the negative pressure balloon (2) and/or that the inner wall of the negative pressure balloon (2) is provided with a number of support beams (41) or support protrusions (42) extending in the direction of the outer wall of the first positive pressure balloon (4).
3. An artificial airway according to claim 2, wherein the support beams (41) extend in the longitudinal direction of the main air tube (1) and are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag (4) with the axis of the main air tube (1) as the central axis.
4. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or the air extraction pipeline (3) is an independent pipeline penetrating through the inner cavity of the main air pipe (1), and one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) is mounted on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected with the external air extraction equipment (2).
5. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein the air-filling pipe (5) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air-filling pipe (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4), the other end of the air-filling pipe (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with an externally connected air-filling device, or the air-filling pipe (5) is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air-filling pipe (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4), the other end of the air-filling pipe (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the externally connected air-filling device, or the air-filling pipe (5) is an independent pipe penetrating inside the main air pipe (1) and is mounted on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), and one end of the air-filling pipe (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the outer air-filling device.
6. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, the air charging pipeline (5) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air charging pipeline (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4), and the other end of the air charging pipeline (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air charging equipment.
7. An artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure balloon (2) is cylindrical in shape, and at least one annular negative pressure groove (22) extending circumferentially thereof is provided in the outer wall of the negative pressure balloon (2).
8. The artificial airway according to claim 7, wherein two annular negative pressure grooves (22) extending in the circumferential direction are provided on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag (2), and the two annular negative pressure grooves (22) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center plane of the negative pressure air bag (2) in the longitudinal direction.
9. The artificial airway according to claim 1, further comprising a second positive pressure air bag (6), a third positive pressure air bag (7), an air suction pipeline (3) and an air inflation pipeline (5), wherein the second positive pressure air bag (6) and the third positive pressure air bag (7) are fixed on the outer wall of the main air pipe (1) close to the insertion end (10) at intervals, one end of the air inflation pipeline (5) is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag (7), the other end of the air inflation pipeline is communicated with external air inflation equipment, the second positive pressure air bag (6), the third positive pressure air bag (7) and the inner wall of the air pipe are jointly enclosed to form a negative pressure area (8), one end of the air suction pipeline (3) is communicated to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the air suction pipeline (3) is communicated with external air suction equipment.
10. The artificial airway according to claim 9, wherein the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the negative pressure area (8), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the negative pressure area (8), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or the air extraction pipeline (3) is an independent pipeline penetrating through the inner cavity of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is adhered to the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the external air extraction equipment (8).
11. The artificial airway according to claim 9, wherein the inflation line (5) is formed in a side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the inflation line (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag (7), the other end of the inflation line (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external inflation equipment, or the inflation line (5) is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the inflation line (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag (7), the other end of the inflation line (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is simultaneously communicated with external inflation equipment, or the inflation line (5) is an independent air pipe (5) penetrating inside the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is simultaneously communicated with the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag (7), the other end of the air charging pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) to be communicated with external air charging equipment.
12. The artificial airway according to claim 1, further comprising a first valve (91), a second valve (92) and an air extraction pipeline (3), wherein the first valve (91) and the second valve (92) are fixed on the outer wall of the main airway (1) close to the insertion end (10) at intervals, the first valve (91), the second valve (92) and the inner airway wall are enclosed together to form a negative pressure area (8), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) is communicated with the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the air extraction pipeline is communicated with external air extraction equipment.
13. The artificial airway according to claim 12, wherein the first valve (91) is inclined or curved away from the negative pressure region (8) while extending in its radially outward direction, and the second valve (92) is inclined or curved away from the negative pressure region (8) while extending in its radially outward direction.
14. The artificial airway according to claim 12, wherein the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed in a side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the negative pressure area (8), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or the air extraction pipeline (3) is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the negative pressure area (8), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with external air extraction equipment, or the air extraction pipeline (3) is an independent pipeline penetrating through an inner cavity of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is adhered to the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is communicated with the external air extraction equipment (8).
15. The artificial airway of any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the negative pressure adsorption has a pressure in the range of-70 kPa to 0kPa.
16. The artificial airway of claim 15, wherein the negative pressure is adsorbed at a pressure in the range of-30 kPa to-3 kPa.
17. An artificial airway according to any of claims 1-3, 5,6, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the suction line (3) is connected to a first pressure measuring device (31) and/or that the inflation line (5) is connected to a second pressure measuring device (51).
18. An artificial airway according to any of claims 1-3, 5, 6, 9, 10 or 11, wherein the suction line (3) is connected with a first pressure measuring device (31), the first pressure measuring device (31) being integrated with an external suction apparatus, and/or the inflation line (5) is connected with a second pressure measuring device (51), the second pressure measuring device (51) being integrated with an external inflation apparatus.
19. The artificial airway according to any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the external breathing apparatus is integrated with the external air evacuation apparatus, or wherein the external breathing apparatus is integrated with the external air inflation apparatus, or wherein the external air evacuation apparatus is integrated with the external air inflation apparatus, or wherein the external breathing apparatus, the external air evacuation apparatus, and the external breathing apparatus are integrated.
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