CN110361705B - Phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of radar calibration, and particularly relates to a phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method. The method comprises the following steps: sending the initial amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of a first antenna radiation port surface; step two: performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the first antenna radiation opening surface by adopting a holographic imaging method to obtain the test data of a second antenna radiation opening surface; step three: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation opening surface of the second antenna by adopting a rotation vector method to obtain the test data of the radiation opening surface of the third antenna. The method considers the factors such as consistency of the radiation units, mutual coupling effect among the units and the like, is simple and convenient, and improves the calibration precision of amplitude and phase errors.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of radar calibration, and particularly relates to a phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method.
Background
The performance of the phased array antenna direction diagram depends on the final amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna array, for low and ultra-low side lobe antennas, the requirement on the amplitude and phase distribution precision is high, the final relative relation of the caliber amplitude and phase and the preset distribution are deviated due to factors such as the mutual coupling effect among units, tolerance existing in device processing and assembling, amplitude and phase errors presented by each channel and the like, the error is difficult to solve only by theoretical calculation, and the caliber amplitude and phase calibration of the phased array antenna is generated in order to calibrate the error.
The most used method at present is a closed loop calibration method. The traditional active phased array antenna adopts closed-loop amplitude and phase error calibration, but the closed-loop calibration method only calibrates the processing and assembling tolerance of the power distribution network, and does not consider the factors of consistency of radiation units, mutual coupling effect among the units and the like, so that the difference between the actually measured directional diagram index and the design value is often large, and the amplitude and phase error calibration precision is poor.
It is therefore desirable to have a solution that overcomes or at least alleviates at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a near-field iterative calibration method for a phased array antenna, so as to solve at least one problem in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sending the initial amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system, and acquiring test data of a first antenna radiation opening surface;
step two: performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the first antenna radiation opening surface by adopting a holographic imaging method to obtain the test data of a second antenna radiation opening surface;
step three: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation opening surface of the second antenna by adopting a rotation vector method to obtain the test data of the radiation opening surface of the third antenna.
Optionally, in the first step, the number of initial amplitude phase values in the initial amplitude phase value array is equal to a product of the number of transceiving components in the antenna transceiving system and the number of channels of the transceiving components.
Optionally, in the first step, the initial amplitude phase value in the initial amplitude phase value array is equal to the corresponding channel closed-loop phase matching test value.
Optionally, in the second step, performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface by using a holographic imaging method includes:
s21: acquiring an echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface by a holographic imaging method;
s22: acquiring a theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s23: obtaining a difference amplitude phase value array through the difference value between the echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s24: setting an amplitude difference value threshold value and a phase difference value threshold value, judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding amplitude difference value threshold value and phase difference value threshold value, if so, completing amplitude-phase error correction, and if not, entering the step S25;
s25: summing the initial amplitude phase value array and the difference amplitude phase value array to obtain a second amplitude phase value array;
s26: and re-sending the second amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of a second antenna radiation port surface.
Optionally, in the second step, performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface by using a holographic imaging method further includes:
s27: acquiring a second echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the radiation aperture of the second antenna by a holographic imaging method;
s28: obtaining a second difference amplitude phase value array through the difference between the second echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s29: and judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the second difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding amplitude difference threshold value and phase difference threshold value, if so, finishing amplitude phase error correction, and if not, entering the third step.
Optionally, in step three, performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation aperture of the second antenna by using a rotating vector method includes:
s31: acquiring a third echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the second antenna radiation aperture surface by a rotating vector method;
s32: obtaining a third difference amplitude phase value array through the difference between the third echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s33: setting a second amplitude difference threshold value and a second phase difference threshold value, judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the third difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding second amplitude difference threshold value and second phase difference threshold value, if so, completing amplitude-phase error correction, and if not, entering step S34;
s34: summing the second amplitude phase value array and the third difference amplitude phase value array to obtain a third amplitude phase value array;
s35: and retransmitting the third amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of a third antenna radiation port surface.
Optionally, the method further comprises the following step four: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation port surface of the third antenna by adopting a rotating vector method to obtain the test data of the radiation port surface of the fourth antenna.
Optionally, the method further comprises a fifth step of: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the fourth antenna radiation opening surface by adopting a rotation vector method to obtain the test data of the fifth antenna radiation opening surface.
Optionally, the amplitude difference threshold and the second amplitude difference threshold are both 0.5dB.
Optionally, the phase difference value threshold and the second phase difference value threshold are both 7 °.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method considers the factors such as the consistency of the radiation units and the mutual coupling effect among the units, is simple and convenient, and improves the calibration precision of amplitude and phase errors.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a near-field iterative calibration method for a phased array antenna according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are a subset of the embodiments in the present application and not all embodiments in the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The application provides a phased array antenna near field iteration calibration method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sending the initial amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system, and acquiring test data of a first antenna radiation opening surface;
step two: performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation aperture surface of the first antenna by adopting a holographic imaging method to obtain the test data of the radiation aperture surface of the second antenna;
step three: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation port surface of the second antenna by adopting a rotating vector method to obtain the test data of the radiation port surface of the third antenna.
In the near-field iterative calibration method for the phased array antenna, in the first step, an initial amplitude phase value array is sent to an antenna transceiving system through a beam control computer, the number of initial amplitude phase values in the initial amplitude phase value array is equal to the product of the number lambda of transceiving components in the antenna transceiving system and the number xi of channels of each transceiving component, the initial amplitude phase values in the initial amplitude phase value array are respectively consistent with closed-loop phase matching test values of corresponding channels, and the closed-loop phase matching test values are provided by a radar manufacturer.
In the second step, the iterative amplitude-phase error calibration of the test data of the radiation aperture plane of the first antenna by using the holographic imaging method comprises the following steps:
s21: acquiring an echo amplitude phase value array from test data of a radiation aperture surface of a first antenna by a holographic imaging method; the method can accurately sample and obtain an echo amplitude phase value array corresponding to the echo signal received by each radiation unit on the antenna radiation aperture surface by using a holographic imaging method;
s22: acquiring a theoretical amplitude phase value array; a theoretical amplitude phase value array can be obtained through calculation according to the antenna performance index requirement;
s23: obtaining a difference amplitude phase value array through the difference value between the echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s24: setting an amplitude difference threshold value and a phase difference threshold value, judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding amplitude difference threshold value and phase difference threshold value, if so, completing amplitude phase error correction, and if not, entering the step S25;
s25: summing the initial amplitude phase value array and the difference amplitude phase value array to obtain a second amplitude phase value array;
s26: and re-sending the second amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of the radiation opening surface of the second antenna.
In an embodiment of the present application, in step two, performing iterative amplitude and phase error calibration on the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface by using the holographic imaging method further includes:
s27: acquiring a second echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the radiation aperture of the second antenna by a holographic imaging method;
s28: obtaining a second difference amplitude phase value array through the difference value of the second echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s29: and judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the second difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding amplitude difference threshold value and phase difference threshold value, if so, finishing amplitude phase error correction, and if not, entering the third step.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface is subjected to iterative amplitude-phase error calibration by using a holographic imaging method, and the calibration is performed twice in step S21 to step S29, and if both the calibrations are failed, the procedure goes to step three.
In the third step, the iterative amplitude-phase error calibration of the test data of the radiation port surface of the second antenna by using the rotating vector method comprises the following steps:
s31: acquiring a third echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the radiation aperture of the second antenna by a rotating vector method;
s32: obtaining a third difference amplitude phase value array through the difference value between the third echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s33: setting a second amplitude difference threshold value and a second phase difference threshold value, judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the third amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding second amplitude difference threshold value and second phase difference threshold value, if so, completing amplitude-phase error correction, and if not, entering step S34;
s34: summing the second amplitude phase value array and the third difference amplitude phase value array to obtain a third amplitude phase value array;
s35: and retransmitting the third amplitude phase value array to the antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of the radiation port surface of the third antenna.
In one embodiment of the present application, the amplitude difference threshold and the second amplitude difference threshold are both 0.5dB, and the phase difference threshold and the second phase difference threshold are both 7 °.
In one embodiment of the present application, the method further includes the fourth step: performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation port surface of the third antenna by adopting a rotating vector method to obtain the test data of the radiation port surface of the fourth antenna; step five: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the fourth antenna radiation port surface by adopting a rotation vector method to obtain the test data of the fifth antenna radiation port surface. It can be understood that, in the present application, the iterative calibration of the test data of the antenna radiation aperture surface by the rotating vector method is not limited to the three cycles, and more cyclic iterative calibrations may be performed.
According to the phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method, when the calibration is carried out by a rotation vector method, all array elements are in a working state, the phase of a certain unit is changed, and the relative amplitude K and the relative phase X of the unit can be obtained according to the relation between the amplitude change of a signal received by a probe and the phase of the unit. And moving the probe to finish the calibration of all the array surface units. The relative amplitude phase of the antenna and the maximum value and the minimum value of the channel vector calculation unit is detected, and the difference between the relative amplitude phase and the theoretical weighted value is corrected until the difference value amplitude phase value array meets the judgment condition.
In one embodiment of the present application, the phased array antenna includes 8 components, each component has 2 channels, a transceiver component system has 16 channels, and the amplitude phase theoretical design value array of the pulse signals transmitted by the channels 1 to 16 is: the array of amplitude theoretical design values is: [ -5.85, -4.81, -3.47, -2.29, -1.31, -0.66, -0.22,0,0, -0.22, -0.66, -1.31, -2.29, -3.47, -4.81, -5.85] with the phase theory design values set as: [0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °,0 °.
Through a first pass of near-field pattern test, an echo amplitude phase value array corresponding to echo signals received by each radiation unit on the radiation port surface of the antenna is obtained through accurate sampling by a holographic imaging method, the echo amplitude value array is [ -5.55, -5.11, -3.32, -2.19, -1.51, -0.96, -0.32,0.1, -0.2,0.07, -0.46, -1.01, -2.69, -3.57, -4.61, -5.6], the echo phase value array is [ -20 °,12 °,21 °, -5 °,10 °, -27 °,15 °,2 °, -10 °, -1 °,22 °, -2 °,0 °,12 °, -6 °,16 ° ], the difference value of each echo amplitude phase value in the echo amplitude phase value array and the corresponding initial amplitude phase value in the theoretically designed amplitude phase value array is calculated, and a difference amplitude phase value array is obtained, the difference amplitude value array is: [0.3, -0.3,0.15,0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.1,0.1, -0.2,0.15,0.2,0.3, -0.4, -0.1,0.2,0.25], the difference phase value array being: -20 °,12 °,21 °, -5 °,10 °, -27 °,15 °,2 °, -10 °, -1 °,22 °, -2 °,0 °,12 °, -6 °,16 ° ], comparing each number in the array of difference amplitude values with an amplitude difference threshold η =0.5dB, comparing each number in the array of difference phase values with a phase difference threshold θ =7 °, there being a number greater than the amplitude phase threshold, and proceeding to the next step.
Through the second near-field directional diagram test, an echo amplitude phase value array corresponding to the echo signal received by each radiation unit on the antenna radiation aperture surface is obtained by adopting a holographic imaging method for accurate sampling, and the second echo amplitude value array is as follows: [ -5.55, -5.11, -3.32, -2.19, -1.51, -0.96, -0.32,0.1, -0.2,0.07, -0.46, -1.01, -2.69, -3.57, -4.61, -5.6], the second echo phase value array being: [ -10 °,15 °,11 °, -6 °,11 °, -12 °,10 °,8 °, -7 °, -10 °,12 °, -8 °, -6 °,10 °,15 °, -8 ° ], a difference value of each echo amplitude phase value in the second echo amplitude phase value array and a corresponding initial excitation amplitude phase value in the theoretically designed amplitude phase value array is calculated, resulting in a difference amplitude phase value array, the difference amplitude value array being: [0.3, -0.3,0.15,0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.1,0.1, -0.2,0.15,0.2,0.3, -0.4, -0.1,0.2,0.25], difference phase value array is: [ -10 °,15 °,11 °, -6 °,11 °, -12 °,10 °,8 °, -7 °, -10 °,12 °, -8 °, -6 °,10 °,15 °, -8 ° ], comparing each number in the array of difference amplitude values with an amplitude difference threshold η =0.5dB, comparing each number in the array of difference phase values with a phase difference threshold θ =7 °, there being a number greater than the amplitude phase threshold, and proceeding to the next step.
Reading an echo amplitude phase relative value array of an echo signal received by each radiation unit by adopting a rotating vector method, retransmitting the relative amplitude phase value array to a transceiving system of an antenna through a beam control computer, and carrying out a third near field pattern test to obtain a third echo amplitude phase value array, wherein the third echo amplitude value array is as follows: [ -5.87, -5.21, -3.77, -2.51, -1.44, -0.87, -0.23, -0.2, -0.1, -0.35, -0.71, -1.4, -2.39, -3.7, -4.94, -6.05], the third echo phase value array being: [2 °,2.5 °,2.5 °,1 °,0 °,1.5 °,2 °,2 °,3 °,1.8 °,3.3 °,0 °,3.5 °,1 °,2 °,1 °, and a third array of difference amplitude values is calculated, the third array of difference amplitude values being: [ -0.02, -0.4, -0.3, -0.22, -0.13, -0.21, -0.01, -0.2, -0.1, -0.13, -0.05, -0.09, -0.1, -0.23, -0.13, -0.2], the third difference phase value array being: [2 °,2.5 °,2.5 °,1 °,0 °,1.5 °,2 °,2 °,3 °,1.8 °,3.3 °,0 °,3.5 °,1 °,2 °,1 °, and 1 °, satisfying the set conditions, and completing the error calibration.
The phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method considers factors such as consistency of radiating elements and mutual coupling effect among the elements, is simple and convenient, and improves calibration accuracy of amplitude and phase errors.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sending the initial amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of a first antenna radiation port surface;
step two: performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the first antenna radiation opening surface by adopting a holographic imaging method to obtain the test data of a second antenna radiation opening surface;
the method comprises the following steps:
s21: acquiring an echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface by a holographic imaging method;
s22: acquiring a theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s23: obtaining a difference amplitude phase value array through the difference value between the echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s24: setting an amplitude difference threshold value and a phase difference threshold value, judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding amplitude difference threshold value and phase difference threshold value, if so, completing amplitude phase error calibration, and if not, entering step S25;
s25: summing the initial amplitude phase value array and the difference amplitude phase value array to obtain a second amplitude phase value array;
s26: the second amplitude phase value array is sent to an antenna transceiving system again, and test data of a second antenna radiation opening surface are obtained;
step three: performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation port surface of the second antenna by adopting a rotating vector method to obtain test data of the radiation port surface of a third antenna;
the method comprises the following steps:
s31: acquiring a third echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the second antenna radiation aperture surface by a rotating vector method;
s32: obtaining a third difference amplitude phase value array through the difference between the third echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s33: setting a second amplitude difference value threshold and a second phase difference value threshold, judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the third difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding second amplitude difference value threshold and second phase difference value threshold, if so, completing amplitude-phase error calibration, otherwise, entering step S34;
s34: summing the second amplitude phase value array and the third difference amplitude phase value array to obtain a third amplitude phase value array;
s35: and re-sending the third amplitude phase value array to an antenna transceiving system to acquire test data of a third antenna radiation port surface.
2. The phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method of claim 1, wherein in step one, the number of initial amplitude phase values in the initial amplitude phase value array is equal to the product of the number of transceiving components in the antenna transceiving system and the number of channels of the transceiving components.
3. The near-field iterative calibration method for the phased array antenna according to claim 2, wherein in step one, the initial amplitude phase value in the initial amplitude phase value array is equal to the corresponding channel closed-loop phasing test value.
4. The phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method of claim 3, wherein in step two, the iterative amplitude and phase error calibration of the test data of the first antenna radiation aperture surface by using the holographic imaging method further comprises:
s27: acquiring a second echo amplitude phase value array from the test data of the second antenna radiation aperture surface by a holographic imaging method;
s28: obtaining a second difference amplitude phase value array through the difference between the second echo amplitude phase value array and the theoretical amplitude phase value array;
s29: and judging whether the amplitude and the phase in the second difference amplitude phase value array are both smaller than the corresponding amplitude difference threshold value and phase difference threshold value, if so, completing amplitude-phase error calibration, and if not, entering the third step.
5. The phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method of claim 4, further comprising the fourth step of: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the radiation port surface of the third antenna by adopting a rotating vector method to obtain the test data of the radiation port surface of the fourth antenna.
6. The phased array antenna near field iterative calibration method of claim 5, further comprising the step of five: and performing iterative amplitude-phase error calibration on the test data of the fourth antenna radiation opening surface by adopting a rotation vector method to obtain the test data of the fifth antenna radiation opening surface.
7. The near field iterative calibration method for a phased array antenna of claim 4, wherein the amplitude difference threshold and the second amplitude difference threshold are both 0.5dB.
8. The near field iterative calibration method for phased array antennas of claim 4, wherein the phase difference value threshold and the second phase difference value threshold are both 7 °.
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| US11721894B2 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2023-08-08 | The Boeing Company | System and method for near-field testing of a phased array antenna |
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| CN112051560B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Phased array phase error calibration method and device, storage medium and laser radar |
| CN114142950B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-04-26 | 南京日月天科技有限公司 | Radio frequency signal amplitude identification method and phase analysis system thereof |
| CN115833972B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-04-28 | 华清瑞达（天津）科技有限公司 | System and method for calibrating target angular position output by array feed system |
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